外研版（2019）必修第一册Unit 6 At one with nature 同步练习（含答案）
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019）必修第一册Unit 6 At one with nature 同步练习（含答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-04-03 13:47:42 | ||
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Unit 6 At one with nature
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Located in the northeast of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in south China, Guilin is considered to be the pearl of China's thriving tourist industry on account of the natural beauty and historic treasures. Covering an area of about 27, 800 square kilometres (10,734 square miles), the city is rather compact when compared with other major travel destinations in the country. The eye-catching landscape in which the city is situated has a kind of magic that is all its own. The strangely shaped hills together with clear waters and wonderful caves make the city such an appealing destination. It is an important cultural city with a history of more than 2,000 years, and has been served as the political, economic and cultural centre of Guangxi since the Northern Song Dynasty (960—1127). It's the breathtaking scenery that has attracted many famous poets and artists for thousands of years. Artists are able to find inspiration from the karst mountains and the unmatched beauty of the Lijiang River.
Today Yangshuo's nightlife has sprung up to keep pace with contemporary China. You can still catch a glimpse of Guilin's yesteryear in the countryside where it has been and continues to be home to many ethnic minority groups. Every comer you look is picture postcard perfect! It is truly impossible to take a bad photo. There is an ancient saying here—"East or west, Guilin scenery is the best."
The former US president Bill Clinton visited Guilin in 1998. He said, "I heard of the name of Lijiang River long ago. Today I visit Lijiang River. It is more vivid and genuine than what I thought before. Nowhere is like Guilin. It makes me think of the traditional Chinese paintings."
1.What is the evidence that best supports "the pearl of China's thriving tourist industry"？
A.The natural beauty and historic treasures.
B.The eye-catching caves and magic people.
C.The clear waters and strangely shaped hills.
D.The long history and famous poets and artists.
2.How long has Guilin been the political centre of Guangxi
A.1,127 years. B.1,059 years. C.1,998 years. D.2,000 years.
3.Why is Bill Clinton mentioned in the text
A.To indicate Guilin is home to ethnic minority groups.
B.To show Guilin is separated from outside world.
C.To support Guilin's landscape is the best.
D.To tell readers he is a former president.t
B
“Luckily, I have some outside space on my balcony (阳台). I love surprising myself with what I can successfully grow there. It is a not so-secret trick: going vertical (垂直),” said Song, a college student from Shandong Province, when interviewed by a local media.
According to a recent report, the sales of vegetable seeds online in the first quarter doubled compared with the same period last year. Sales of products like gardening tools have increased by three times since April of last year. Out of all the people buying farming tools and seeds, most were born after 2000, like Song.
Song, a young “balcony farmer”, said his passion for planting was formed in his childhood when he lived with his grandma in the countryside, who liked to plant seasonal vegetables in her backyard garden. Now, Song lives in the city without a yard, but he continues his hobby with a balcony garden. “Growing fruits and vegetables not only brings delicious food, but also reminds me of the happy times with my grandma,” said Song.
Song is not alone. Fang Hua, from a computer company, considers planting a garden a good way to relax and develop patience. Bearing many working responsibilities, the 26- year old girl sometimes feels stressful. To relax herself, she started planting seeds and waited patiently on her balcony in 2021. After half a year, her balcony has become a “small garden”, including different flowers and herds.
“I need a space to escape from my daily duties,” Fang said, seeing the various colors and breathing fresh air. “I feel closer to nature on my balcony.” The vegetables and herbs may not be main foods on our table, but they will surely add a touch of taste to our busy days.
The youth like Song and Fang believe being a city farmer means a lot to their life. In fact, the young people of the new era seem to know life better than their parents.
1.What can we know from paragraph 2
A.The cost of gardening tools has risen now.
B.Balcony farming is difficult for most people.
C.More flowers and vegetables are sold online.
D.Many young people become interested in farming.
2.What inspired Song to start farming on his balcony
A.His learning stress. B.His good taste for food.
C.His house with a big balcony. D.His experience with his grandma.
3.Why does the author mention Fang’s story
A.To show a similar example. B.To give more advice.
C.To present another fact. D.To explain a problem.
4.What’s the most positive result the “small garden” brings to Fang
A.Healthy eating habits. B.Extra money.
C.Improving gardening skills. D.Getting relaxed.
C
There are many gardening tips. Some suggest playing music for your houseplants, having conversations with them, or even giving them a gentle touch now and then. Most of these practices are probably more for the benefit of the gardener than the garden, and generally harmless enough but except the last one. Your plants really dislike it when you touch them.
A new study out of the La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food has found that most plants are extremely sensitive to touch, and even a light touch can significantly stunt(遏制) their growth. "The lightest touch from a human, animals, insects, or even plants touching each other in the wind, can cause a huge gene response in the plant," said Jim Whelan, who led the new study. "Within 30 minutes of being touched, 10% of the plant's genome(基因组) can be changed. This involves a huge expenditure(消耗) of energy which is taken away from plant growth. If the touching is repeated, then plant growth is reduced by up to 30%."
Whelan and his team are still trying to find out why plants respond, at the genetic level, so strongly. They do have some theories, however. "We know that when an insect lands on a plant, genes are activated(激活) preparing the plant for defending itself against being eaten," said Dr. Yan Wang, coauthor of the study.
Until more research is done, it's just a guess at this point. Still, the findings might already lead to new methods for how agriculturalists deal with their crops, to best promote healthier growth.
It's worth noticing that while the study found that plants often respond to just a single touch in negative ways, it's really repeated touch that causes lasting stunted growth. That's because the plants are looking for patterns in the touching, to tell harmful touch from random touch. So it doesn't matter if you accidentally brush up against a bush during a walk through the woods.
1. How is the passage mainly developed
A. By comparing. B. By giving examples.
C. By listing numbers. D. By showing results of studies.
2. Why can touching stunt a plant growing according to the study
A. It leads to the plant's energy expenditure.
B. It makes the plant sensitive to threats.
C. It causes a genetic disorder in the plant.
D. It prevents the plant absorbing nutrients.
3. What's the importance of the study by Whelan and his team
A. It gives us more useful gardening tips.
B. It helps find ways to ensure plants' healthy growth.
C. It contributes to the further study on genes.
D. It uses data to warn people not to touch plants.
4. What is the passage mainly about
A. Something is done to help plants grow.
B. Plants' genome can be changed easily.
C. Plants don't really like to be touched.
D. What we do every day may destroy plants.
D
California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s,according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor(因素).
The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.
Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源).
But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.
The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt(融雪).
Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.
1. What is the second paragraph mainly about
A. The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.
B. The increasing variety of California big trees.
C. The distribution of big trees in California forests.
D. The influence of farming on big trees in California.
2. Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees
A. Ecological studies of forests. B. Banning woodcutting.
C. Limiting housing development. D. Fire control measures.
3. What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre
A. Inadequate snowmelt. B. A longer dry season.
C. A warmer climate. D. Dampness of the air.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. California's Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone
B. Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon
C. Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests
D. Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Be Eco-friendly
More than half the planet's population now live in cities, with limited access to the natural world. For Europe and Latin America, the figure is more than 70%. ①_____
Gardening in particular is an opportunity for everyone to have such kind of experience, even if they live in built-up areas. It is typically seen as moderate(适度的) intensity exercise equal to playing doubles tennis or walking at a speed of 3.5 mph, so it has similar fitness benefits.
②_____ Home and gardens have long been important for family food production, but gardening can also encourage people to eat more healthily and act as an educational resource of nutritious food. In fact, children who take part in gardening and grow their own food have a greater preference for, and increased consumption of, fruit and vegetables.
③_____ Research has shown that gardeners generally have greater life satisfaction, raised self-esteem and fewer feelings of depression and anger than non-gardeners.
This last point suggests that the mental benefits of gardening may be more than just a side effect of the physical exercise involved. ④_____ People with strong social networks have increased life expectancy, less stress and fewer visits to the doctor. In addition, spending time outdoors in a natural environment helps us to feel less stressed, reduce the symptoms of depression, and improve our concentration and attention.
All the evidence shows there's a strong relationship between gardening and health, but we only know for sure that there is connection, not "cause and effect". ⑤_____ We also need to directly examine the immediate effects of gardening on people who have never previously taken part or are suffering from mental and physical ill health.
A.Gardening is also linked to better diets.
B.But more than this, it can improve people's mental health.
C.One possible reason is that gardening can involve social interaction.
D.Good eating is supposed to include a balance of several food groups.
E.Yet contact with nature has varieties of benefits for both physical and mental health.
F.This means gardening alone is not necessarily a direct cause of any improvements in health.
G.Remaining socially active can also inspire seniors to build confidence and live a healthy life.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March——nearly six months out of the year.
"Of course, we 1 it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town's tourism office. "We see the sky is 2 , but down in the valley it's darker—it's like on a cloudy day."
But that 3 when a system of high-tech 4 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks (山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民) of Rjukan 5 their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 6 . The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 7 them to turn along with the sun throughout the day and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束) of light onto the town's central 8 , creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light 9 , Rjukan residents gathered together.
"People have been 10 there and standing there and taking 11 of each other," Ro says. "The town square was totally 12 . I think almost all the people in the town were there." The 3,500 residents cannot all 13 the sunshine at the same time. However, the new light feels like more than enough for the town's 14 residents.
"It's not very big," she says, "but it is enough when we are 15 ."
1.A.fear B.believe C.hear D.notice
2.A.empty B.blue C.high D.wide
3.A.helped B.changed C.happened D.mattered
4.A.computers B.telescopes C.mirrors D.cameras
5.A.remembered B.forecasted C.received D.imagined
6.A.repair B.risk C.rest D.use
7.A.forbids B.directs C.predicts D.follows
8.A.library B.hall C.square D.street
9.A.appeared B.returned C.faded D.stopped
10.A.driving B.hiding C.camping D.sitting
11.A.pictures B.notes C.care D.hold
12.A.new B.full C.flat D.silent
13.A.block B.avoid C.enjoy D.store
14.A.nature-loving B.energy-saving C.weather-beaten D.sun-starved
15.A.trying B.waiting C.watching D.sharing
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Longji Rice Terraces, ①_____(build) by the local Zhuang and Yao people, ②_____ whom Guangxi is home, have a long history. Starting in the Yuan Dynasty, work on the terraces ③_____(take) hundreds of years, until its ④_____(complete) in the early Qing Dynasty.
There are two reasons for which people went to so much trouble ⑤_____(turn) the entire mountains into terraces. ⑥_____ one thing, building the terraces meant they another, the terraces could stop the ⑦_____(lose) of soil. They have designed and built waterways around the terraces.
Modern technology could help produce more crops, ⑧_____ it's still significant to build such terraces. For the local people, the traditions hold much value. This knowledge ⑨_____(pass) down through families from generation to generation. It reflects the harmony between man and nature. The Longji Rice Terraces attract a great number of tourists ⑩_____ want to admire this great wonder.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假设你是李华， 你的英国笔友Jack对你居住的北京，尤其是古迹感兴趣。 请给他写一封电子邮件，介绍北京的基本情况，内容包括：
1.北京是著名古都；
2.存有大量历史文化遗迹(介绍3个以上）；
3.游客众多。
注意：
1.词数:80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
My father asked me to chat with him for a while. Actually, I was unwilling to listen to his talking endlessly as he always did My father was a lawyer, but I never wanted to go to law school or follow his path through life.
As we expected, he cleared his throat and started to say, "Er... What... What do you really want to do in the gorgeous future "
I was silent for a moment playing with the cell phone. I kept thinking, "Should I tell him my true thoughts What if he gets angry What if I let him down " later I replied, "well, I want to be a writer."
I guessed this may be not the answer he would expect. But surprisingly, "Interesting idea!" he answered. I was shocked, speaking in a low voice with hesitation.
"Are you serious, dad "
"Well, you need confidence and good preparations, and you still have plenty of time. You need to find out what you really enjoy now. Look, it's late. Let's take the boat out tomorrow morning, just you and me. Maybe we can catch some crabs(螃蟹) for dinner, and we can talk more."
Early next morning we packed up the equipment and set off along the coasts We didn't talk much, but enjoyed the sound of the seabirds and the sight of the coastline.
There were no big waves and blinding sunlight at that time. "Let's see if we get lucky," he said, picked up a web basket with a rope tied and threw it into the sea. We waited a while, then my father stood up and said, "Give me a hand with this." and we pulled up the crab cage onto the deck. To our joy, the cage was filled with dozens of soft shell crabs. Squatting(蹲) down, we watched them for a moment. At first they fought against each other to climb out hard, trying to escape. Many were pulled back into the cage. Later, some gave up, but there are still some crabs trying to escape again and again.
注意:
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1 ：
At that moment, my father pointed to the cage, "Look at that crab, there!"
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
1-3 ABC
B
DDAD
C
DABC
D
ADCA
第二节
①-⑤EABCF
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
1-5.DBBCC; 6-10.DBCAD; 11-15.ABCDD
第二节
①built ②to ③took ④completion ⑤to turn
⑥For ⑦loss ⑧but ⑨is passed ⑩that/who
第三节
Dear Jack,
I'm glad that you are interested in Beijing, the capital of China. Beijing has a long history, which has many famous ancient relics, such as the Great Wall, the Summer Palace and the Forbidden City. Our city is also very new and modern, and it takes on a new look almost every day. Many high buildings have been put up in recent years.
Every year, millions of visitors, both home and abroad, come to visit our city. The Great Wall is world-famous, which is a must for every visitor to enjoy. I hope that you'll come in the future, and I'll show you around our city.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
Paragraph 1 ：
At that moment, my father pointed to the cage, "Look at that crab, there!" Staring at the crab, I found that every time he wanted to escape, he was pulled back into the cage. However, he didn't give up his fight. Fortunately, he survived from the struggle eventually. Shocked and amazed, I suddenly understood why my father had suggested catching crabs that morning. I thought the future would be filled with many possibilities. Everyone would need to find out what he enjoyed and held on to it.
Paragraph 2 ：
From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true. Besides my devotion to school work, I spent all my spare time making full preparations for becoming a writer. Reading, collecting materials and writing made my life busy but fulfilled, which laid a good foundation for me. Meanwhile, I contributed to literary journals. Gradually, some achievements as a writer increased my confidence. I always think of the crab whenever faced with difficulties. What my father said also encouraged me on my way to success. Now I am grateful for sticking to the thing I truly dreamed of.
第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Located in the northeast of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in south China, Guilin is considered to be the pearl of China's thriving tourist industry on account of the natural beauty and historic treasures. Covering an area of about 27, 800 square kilometres (10,734 square miles), the city is rather compact when compared with other major travel destinations in the country. The eye-catching landscape in which the city is situated has a kind of magic that is all its own. The strangely shaped hills together with clear waters and wonderful caves make the city such an appealing destination. It is an important cultural city with a history of more than 2,000 years, and has been served as the political, economic and cultural centre of Guangxi since the Northern Song Dynasty (960—1127). It's the breathtaking scenery that has attracted many famous poets and artists for thousands of years. Artists are able to find inspiration from the karst mountains and the unmatched beauty of the Lijiang River.
Today Yangshuo's nightlife has sprung up to keep pace with contemporary China. You can still catch a glimpse of Guilin's yesteryear in the countryside where it has been and continues to be home to many ethnic minority groups. Every comer you look is picture postcard perfect! It is truly impossible to take a bad photo. There is an ancient saying here—"East or west, Guilin scenery is the best."
The former US president Bill Clinton visited Guilin in 1998. He said, "I heard of the name of Lijiang River long ago. Today I visit Lijiang River. It is more vivid and genuine than what I thought before. Nowhere is like Guilin. It makes me think of the traditional Chinese paintings."
1.What is the evidence that best supports "the pearl of China's thriving tourist industry"？
A.The natural beauty and historic treasures.
B.The eye-catching caves and magic people.
C.The clear waters and strangely shaped hills.
D.The long history and famous poets and artists.
2.How long has Guilin been the political centre of Guangxi
A.1,127 years. B.1,059 years. C.1,998 years. D.2,000 years.
3.Why is Bill Clinton mentioned in the text
A.To indicate Guilin is home to ethnic minority groups.
B.To show Guilin is separated from outside world.
C.To support Guilin's landscape is the best.
D.To tell readers he is a former president.t
B
“Luckily, I have some outside space on my balcony (阳台). I love surprising myself with what I can successfully grow there. It is a not so-secret trick: going vertical (垂直),” said Song, a college student from Shandong Province, when interviewed by a local media.
According to a recent report, the sales of vegetable seeds online in the first quarter doubled compared with the same period last year. Sales of products like gardening tools have increased by three times since April of last year. Out of all the people buying farming tools and seeds, most were born after 2000, like Song.
Song, a young “balcony farmer”, said his passion for planting was formed in his childhood when he lived with his grandma in the countryside, who liked to plant seasonal vegetables in her backyard garden. Now, Song lives in the city without a yard, but he continues his hobby with a balcony garden. “Growing fruits and vegetables not only brings delicious food, but also reminds me of the happy times with my grandma,” said Song.
Song is not alone. Fang Hua, from a computer company, considers planting a garden a good way to relax and develop patience. Bearing many working responsibilities, the 26- year old girl sometimes feels stressful. To relax herself, she started planting seeds and waited patiently on her balcony in 2021. After half a year, her balcony has become a “small garden”, including different flowers and herds.
“I need a space to escape from my daily duties,” Fang said, seeing the various colors and breathing fresh air. “I feel closer to nature on my balcony.” The vegetables and herbs may not be main foods on our table, but they will surely add a touch of taste to our busy days.
The youth like Song and Fang believe being a city farmer means a lot to their life. In fact, the young people of the new era seem to know life better than their parents.
1.What can we know from paragraph 2
A.The cost of gardening tools has risen now.
B.Balcony farming is difficult for most people.
C.More flowers and vegetables are sold online.
D.Many young people become interested in farming.
2.What inspired Song to start farming on his balcony
A.His learning stress. B.His good taste for food.
C.His house with a big balcony. D.His experience with his grandma.
3.Why does the author mention Fang’s story
A.To show a similar example. B.To give more advice.
C.To present another fact. D.To explain a problem.
4.What’s the most positive result the “small garden” brings to Fang
A.Healthy eating habits. B.Extra money.
C.Improving gardening skills. D.Getting relaxed.
C
There are many gardening tips. Some suggest playing music for your houseplants, having conversations with them, or even giving them a gentle touch now and then. Most of these practices are probably more for the benefit of the gardener than the garden, and generally harmless enough but except the last one. Your plants really dislike it when you touch them.
A new study out of the La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food has found that most plants are extremely sensitive to touch, and even a light touch can significantly stunt(遏制) their growth. "The lightest touch from a human, animals, insects, or even plants touching each other in the wind, can cause a huge gene response in the plant," said Jim Whelan, who led the new study. "Within 30 minutes of being touched, 10% of the plant's genome(基因组) can be changed. This involves a huge expenditure(消耗) of energy which is taken away from plant growth. If the touching is repeated, then plant growth is reduced by up to 30%."
Whelan and his team are still trying to find out why plants respond, at the genetic level, so strongly. They do have some theories, however. "We know that when an insect lands on a plant, genes are activated(激活) preparing the plant for defending itself against being eaten," said Dr. Yan Wang, coauthor of the study.
Until more research is done, it's just a guess at this point. Still, the findings might already lead to new methods for how agriculturalists deal with their crops, to best promote healthier growth.
It's worth noticing that while the study found that plants often respond to just a single touch in negative ways, it's really repeated touch that causes lasting stunted growth. That's because the plants are looking for patterns in the touching, to tell harmful touch from random touch. So it doesn't matter if you accidentally brush up against a bush during a walk through the woods.
1. How is the passage mainly developed
A. By comparing. B. By giving examples.
C. By listing numbers. D. By showing results of studies.
2. Why can touching stunt a plant growing according to the study
A. It leads to the plant's energy expenditure.
B. It makes the plant sensitive to threats.
C. It causes a genetic disorder in the plant.
D. It prevents the plant absorbing nutrients.
3. What's the importance of the study by Whelan and his team
A. It gives us more useful gardening tips.
B. It helps find ways to ensure plants' healthy growth.
C. It contributes to the further study on genes.
D. It uses data to warn people not to touch plants.
4. What is the passage mainly about
A. Something is done to help plants grow.
B. Plants' genome can be changed easily.
C. Plants don't really like to be touched.
D. What we do every day may destroy plants.
D
California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s,according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor(因素).
The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46, 000 square miles of California forests, the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected, from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country, the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent; in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.
Many factors contributed to the decline, said Patrick McIntyre, an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源).
But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010, McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.
The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed, taking into account such things as rainfall, air temperature, dampness of soil, and the timing of snowmelt(融雪).
Since the 1930s, McIntyre said, the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures, which cause trees to lose more water to the air, and earlier snowmelt, which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.
1. What is the second paragraph mainly about
A. The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.
B. The increasing variety of California big trees.
C. The distribution of big trees in California forests.
D. The influence of farming on big trees in California.
2. Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees
A. Ecological studies of forests. B. Banning woodcutting.
C. Limiting housing development. D. Fire control measures.
3. What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre
A. Inadequate snowmelt. B. A longer dry season.
C. A warmer climate. D. Dampness of the air.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. California's Forests: Where Have All the Big Trees Gone
B. Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon
C. Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests
D. Patrick McIntyre: Grow More Big Trees in California
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Be Eco-friendly
More than half the planet's population now live in cities, with limited access to the natural world. For Europe and Latin America, the figure is more than 70%. ①_____
Gardening in particular is an opportunity for everyone to have such kind of experience, even if they live in built-up areas. It is typically seen as moderate(适度的) intensity exercise equal to playing doubles tennis or walking at a speed of 3.5 mph, so it has similar fitness benefits.
②_____ Home and gardens have long been important for family food production, but gardening can also encourage people to eat more healthily and act as an educational resource of nutritious food. In fact, children who take part in gardening and grow their own food have a greater preference for, and increased consumption of, fruit and vegetables.
③_____ Research has shown that gardeners generally have greater life satisfaction, raised self-esteem and fewer feelings of depression and anger than non-gardeners.
This last point suggests that the mental benefits of gardening may be more than just a side effect of the physical exercise involved. ④_____ People with strong social networks have increased life expectancy, less stress and fewer visits to the doctor. In addition, spending time outdoors in a natural environment helps us to feel less stressed, reduce the symptoms of depression, and improve our concentration and attention.
All the evidence shows there's a strong relationship between gardening and health, but we only know for sure that there is connection, not "cause and effect". ⑤_____ We also need to directly examine the immediate effects of gardening on people who have never previously taken part or are suffering from mental and physical ill health.
A.Gardening is also linked to better diets.
B.But more than this, it can improve people's mental health.
C.One possible reason is that gardening can involve social interaction.
D.Good eating is supposed to include a balance of several food groups.
E.Yet contact with nature has varieties of benefits for both physical and mental health.
F.This means gardening alone is not necessarily a direct cause of any improvements in health.
G.Remaining socially active can also inspire seniors to build confidence and live a healthy life.
第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March——nearly six months out of the year.
"Of course, we 1 it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town's tourism office. "We see the sky is 2 , but down in the valley it's darker—it's like on a cloudy day."
But that 3 when a system of high-tech 4 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks (山峰) into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民) of Rjukan 5 their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 6 . The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 7 them to turn along with the sun throughout the day and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束) of light onto the town's central 8 , creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light 9 , Rjukan residents gathered together.
"People have been 10 there and standing there and taking 11 of each other," Ro says. "The town square was totally 12 . I think almost all the people in the town were there." The 3,500 residents cannot all 13 the sunshine at the same time. However, the new light feels like more than enough for the town's 14 residents.
"It's not very big," she says, "but it is enough when we are 15 ."
1.A.fear B.believe C.hear D.notice
2.A.empty B.blue C.high D.wide
3.A.helped B.changed C.happened D.mattered
4.A.computers B.telescopes C.mirrors D.cameras
5.A.remembered B.forecasted C.received D.imagined
6.A.repair B.risk C.rest D.use
7.A.forbids B.directs C.predicts D.follows
8.A.library B.hall C.square D.street
9.A.appeared B.returned C.faded D.stopped
10.A.driving B.hiding C.camping D.sitting
11.A.pictures B.notes C.care D.hold
12.A.new B.full C.flat D.silent
13.A.block B.avoid C.enjoy D.store
14.A.nature-loving B.energy-saving C.weather-beaten D.sun-starved
15.A.trying B.waiting C.watching D.sharing
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Longji Rice Terraces, ①_____(build) by the local Zhuang and Yao people, ②_____ whom Guangxi is home, have a long history. Starting in the Yuan Dynasty, work on the terraces ③_____(take) hundreds of years, until its ④_____(complete) in the early Qing Dynasty.
There are two reasons for which people went to so much trouble ⑤_____(turn) the entire mountains into terraces. ⑥_____ one thing, building the terraces meant they another, the terraces could stop the ⑦_____(lose) of soil. They have designed and built waterways around the terraces.
Modern technology could help produce more crops, ⑧_____ it's still significant to build such terraces. For the local people, the traditions hold much value. This knowledge ⑨_____(pass) down through families from generation to generation. It reflects the harmony between man and nature. The Longji Rice Terraces attract a great number of tourists ⑩_____ want to admire this great wonder.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假设你是李华， 你的英国笔友Jack对你居住的北京，尤其是古迹感兴趣。 请给他写一封电子邮件，介绍北京的基本情况，内容包括：
1.北京是著名古都；
2.存有大量历史文化遗迹(介绍3个以上）；
3.游客众多。
注意：
1.词数:80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
My father asked me to chat with him for a while. Actually, I was unwilling to listen to his talking endlessly as he always did My father was a lawyer, but I never wanted to go to law school or follow his path through life.
As we expected, he cleared his throat and started to say, "Er... What... What do you really want to do in the gorgeous future "
I was silent for a moment playing with the cell phone. I kept thinking, "Should I tell him my true thoughts What if he gets angry What if I let him down " later I replied, "well, I want to be a writer."
I guessed this may be not the answer he would expect. But surprisingly, "Interesting idea!" he answered. I was shocked, speaking in a low voice with hesitation.
"Are you serious, dad "
"Well, you need confidence and good preparations, and you still have plenty of time. You need to find out what you really enjoy now. Look, it's late. Let's take the boat out tomorrow morning, just you and me. Maybe we can catch some crabs(螃蟹) for dinner, and we can talk more."
Early next morning we packed up the equipment and set off along the coasts We didn't talk much, but enjoyed the sound of the seabirds and the sight of the coastline.
There were no big waves and blinding sunlight at that time. "Let's see if we get lucky," he said, picked up a web basket with a rope tied and threw it into the sea. We waited a while, then my father stood up and said, "Give me a hand with this." and we pulled up the crab cage onto the deck. To our joy, the cage was filled with dozens of soft shell crabs. Squatting(蹲) down, we watched them for a moment. At first they fought against each other to climb out hard, trying to escape. Many were pulled back into the cage. Later, some gave up, but there are still some crabs trying to escape again and again.
注意:
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1 ：
At that moment, my father pointed to the cage, "Look at that crab, there!"
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
1-3 ABC
B
DDAD
C
DABC
D
ADCA
第二节
①-⑤EABCF
第二部分 语言知识运用
第一节
1-5.DBBCC; 6-10.DBCAD; 11-15.ABCDD
第二节
①built ②to ③took ④completion ⑤to turn
⑥For ⑦loss ⑧but ⑨is passed ⑩that/who
第三节
Dear Jack,
I'm glad that you are interested in Beijing, the capital of China. Beijing has a long history, which has many famous ancient relics, such as the Great Wall, the Summer Palace and the Forbidden City. Our city is also very new and modern, and it takes on a new look almost every day. Many high buildings have been put up in recent years.
Every year, millions of visitors, both home and abroad, come to visit our city. The Great Wall is world-famous, which is a must for every visitor to enjoy. I hope that you'll come in the future, and I'll show you around our city.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
Paragraph 1 ：
At that moment, my father pointed to the cage, "Look at that crab, there!" Staring at the crab, I found that every time he wanted to escape, he was pulled back into the cage. However, he didn't give up his fight. Fortunately, he survived from the struggle eventually. Shocked and amazed, I suddenly understood why my father had suggested catching crabs that morning. I thought the future would be filled with many possibilities. Everyone would need to find out what he enjoyed and held on to it.
Paragraph 2 ：
From that day on, I was determined to make my dream come true. Besides my devotion to school work, I spent all my spare time making full preparations for becoming a writer. Reading, collecting materials and writing made my life busy but fulfilled, which laid a good foundation for me. Meanwhile, I contributed to literary journals. Gradually, some achievements as a writer increased my confidence. I always think of the crab whenever faced with difficulties. What my father said also encouraged me on my way to success. Now I am grateful for sticking to the thing I truly dreamed of.