【备考2024】精读高考英语真题(一）（附学案 ）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
精 读 高 考 真 题 (一）
高考英语真题是英语学习的宝藏，精读一篇远胜过刷题十篇。相较于教材、日常习题，高考真题的语料更加新颖、更有针对性。长期精读高考真题有利于增强英语学习的信心，从而极大提高学习英语的效率。
一、真题再现
Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, you’ll often get to stay in a central location (位置) with security and comfort.
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it’s got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it’s close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome, Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
21. What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel
A. Comfort. B. Security. C. Price. D. Location.
22. Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life
A. Yellow Hostel. B. Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C. Youth Station Hostel. D. Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
23. What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
A. It gets noisy at night. B. Its staff is too talkative.
C. It charges for Wi-Fi. D. It’s inconveniently located.
（2021年全国新高考I卷阅读理解A篇）
语篇导读 本文的语篇类型是应用文，主题语境为人与社会。向想到罗马旅行的人推荐了罗马的四种特色旅社。
重点单词（词性转换词、熟词生意词、超纲词）和短语
pricey adj. （通常作表语）高价的，昂贵的（-y置于名词后构成形容词，表示“有......的”、“充满......的”、“有......趋势的”、“似......的”）
price n. 价格，价钱
$25 a night 每晚25美元（a意为“ 每...... ”，相当于per）
2 euros a day 每天2欧元
with security 安全地（相当于securely)
with comfort 舒适地，舒服地（相当于comfortably）
recommendation n. 推荐，建议（-ation接在动词或形容词之后，构成名词，表示“行为”、“状态”、“过程”，“结果”。同样的还有：ition, sion, tion, xion, ion等）
make a recommendation 推荐，建议
recommend vt. 推荐，建议
best-rated adj. 评级最高的，最佳的（合成词）
rate vt. 评估，定级
for good reason 有原因地，有充分理由地
affordable adj. （价格等）负担得起的、支付得起的（-able接在及物动词之后构成形容词，表示“能够......的”、“适于......的”、“值得......的”、“易于......的”）
afford vt. 负担得起
fun adj. 有趣的，愉快的
a fun atmosphere 有趣的氛围
added adj. 附加的，额外的（分词形容词）
add vt. 加，添加，附加
staff members 职工（合成词）
event n.（社交聚会、体育比赛等有计划、有组织的）活动（熟词生义）
hold plenty of events 举行大量的活动
plenty of 大量的，充足的（后接可数名词或不可数名词，动词与此名词的数保持一致；
通常用于肯定句，否定句和疑问句中使用enough, much或 many）
shot (c)n. 少量饮料，（尤指）少量烈酒（熟词生义）
a shot of whisky 一点威士忌
free shots 免费的酒水
crawl n. 爬行（课标外词）
bar crawls 不停地变换酒吧喝酒，串酒吧（英国人喜欢玩的一种群体社会活动，也可以叫做pub crawl或bar-hopping）
hang out 闲逛，逗留
cleanliness （u）n. 清洁，干净（-ness接在形容词、分词后构成名词，表示“性质”、“状态”）
cleanly adj. 爱干净的
furnishings n. （pl.）家具陈设，室内陈设
furnish vt. 为(房子、房间）配备（家具等）
charge tax 收税
charge sb. ... for ... 因为...... 向某人收多少费
charge for Wi-Fi 收无线网费
air conditioning 空调，冷气
heater n. 加热器 heat v. 加热，变热
located adj. 位于，坐落在（分词形容词）
locate vt. 确定......的位置
location n. 位置，定位
attraction (c)n. 吸引人的事物或地方
a tourist attraction 旅游胜地
the city’s main attractions 城市的主要景点
attract vt. 吸引，引起（注意、关心）
pay (sb.) ... for... 为 ...... 支付（某人）...... 费用
get noisy （变得）吵闹
talkative adj. 爱多说话的，健谈的（-ative接在名词或动词后，构成形容词，表示“有......倾向或性质的”）
talk v. 说话，谈话，谈论，讨论
inconveniently adv. 不方便地，麻烦（-ly接在形容词、分词后构成副词）
inconvenient adj. 不方便的（in-表示“无”、“不”、“非”）
convenient adj. 便利的，近便的
四、关键结构和长难句
1. Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel.
1). 情态动词can表示“（理论上、经验上）（有时）可能会......”，“有时会......”
E.g. Peter can come with us together, but he isn’t very sure yet. 彼得今晚可能同我们一起去，但他还不能肯定。
2). which引导非限制性定语从句，指前面Rome can be pricey for travelers这件事，相当于and that。
E.g. He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改变了注意，这让我很生气。（=He changed his mind, and that made ... ）
【参考译文】对于旅行者来说，罗马可能花费高，这是许多人选择住旅社的原因。
2. ... and for that, you’ll often get to stay in a central location (位置) with security and comfort.
stay是个静态动词， 既没有动作的起点，也没有动作的终点。要想表达动作的起点，怎么办呢？只要加上get to就行了。get to stay使stay这个静态动词有了动态的含义。即：“get to + 静态动词（如know, understand, be, love, like, live等）”结构。现代语言学家把get to看作是“半助动词”。
E.g. Over the next few days they got to know the town well. 在随后的几天里他们就熟悉了这个城市。
I shall get to like them in time, I suppose. 我想到时候我会喜欢上他们的。
I’ll never get to understand him. 我永远也不会理解他。
同样用法的还有come to。即：“come to + 静态动词”
E.g. How did you come to know him 你是怎么认识（上）他的呢？
I hope we shall be friends and come to understand one other. 我希望我们将成为朋友，能够互相理解。
【参考译文】......因此，你会经常有机会安全舒适地呆在（城市的）中心位置。
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel.
1). 本句的主句和从句谓语动词都用了虚拟语气的形式，表示说话人把动词所表达的行为或状态看作只是存在于说话人想象中的“假想”，而不看作是客观现实。本句的主句和从句都是表示对现在时间的虚拟，这时虚拟条件句中动词用过去时（be动词用were），主句中动词用would/should + 动词原形。
E.g. If he had any money, he’d leave home. 他要是有钱，他就离开家了。
If I were you, I’d start parking now. 我要是你，我现在就动手收拾行装了。
表示非真实条件有多种语言方式，用if条件句表示是最普通的形式。
2). where to stay in Rome相当于宾语从句where you should stay in Rome。
“疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构： 在英语中，疑问词（疑问代词what、which、who、whom等，疑问副词where、when、how等） + 动词不定式构成不定式短语，在句中可做主语、宾语、标语等，相当于一个名词性从句。
E.g. We must first solve the problem of whom to serve.（=We must first solve the problem of whom we should serve.） 我们必须首先解决为谁服务的问题。
She didn’t know which bus to take.（=she didn’t know which bus she should take.） 她不知道乘哪路车。
When and where to have the party is not known.（=When and where we should have the party is not known.） 何时何地举行聚会还不知道。
The difficulty is how to do the most of the work with the least of money.（=The difficulty is how we should do the most of the work with the least money.） 困难时如何尽量少用钱多办事。
【参考译文】在罗马住哪里，我要是只做一种推荐，那就是Yellow Hostel。
If you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station.
look no further than ... 表示“只需看看…就可以了”
“no further than ... ”表示“和......一样近”，意在言其近。
在“no +形容词（或副词）比较级+than”的结构中，其意义和口气在于强调该形容词或副词的反面性质，是一种形式上表示比较、意义上表示等同的形容词或副词短语。
E.g. He had travelled no further than seven miles across the Channel when his engine failed. 他在英吉利海峡上空刚刚飞行了七英里，他的发动机就出故障了。
They now have no more than 500 students in the attached middle school. 现在他们附中的学生仅有500人。
He is no better at golf than swimming. 他打高尔夫跟游泳一样差劲。
No fewer than 50 people competed. 参加竞赛的有50人之多
No less than fifty people were killed in the accident. 在这次事故中死亡者多达50人。
Now many neckties are no wider than a piece of string. 现在许多领带窄得像条绳子。
【参考译文】如果你在找干净、现代的旅社，只需看看Youth Station就可以了。
The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some.
providing..., and offering是两个并列的现在分词短语做状语，表示方式，他们的逻辑主语就是the staff。当分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。由此来决定分词的形式：当句子主语从语义上看是分词所表达的动作的发出者（施动者）时，应使用现在分词；当句子主语是分词说表达的动作的对象（受动者）时，应使用过去分词。
E.g. Having no money, we couldn’t get in. 由于没有钱，我们不能进去。
She enters, accompanied by her mother. 她由妈妈陪伴著走了进去。
【参考译文】员工们友好又乐于助人，你到的时候会提供一张城市地图，有需要的话会提供建议。
【答案】C B C
【附：学案】
精 读 高 考 真 题 (一）
一、真题再现
Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel (旅社). The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $25 a night, and for that, you’ll often get to stay in a central location (位置) with security and comfort.
Yellow Hostel
If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. It’s one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. It’s affordable, and it’s got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, it’s close to the main train station.
Hostel Alessandro Palace
If you love social hostels, this is the best hostel for you in Rome, Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. There’s also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.
Youth Station Hostel
If you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesn’t charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and it’s close to all of the city’s main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.
21. What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel
A. Comfort. B. Security. C. Price. D. Location.
22. Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life
A. Yellow Hostel. B. Hostel Alessandro Palace.
C. Youth Station Hostel. D. Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes.
23. What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes
A. It gets noisy at night. B. Its staff is too talkative.
C. It charges for Wi-Fi. D. It’s inconveniently located.
（2021年全国新高考I卷阅读理解A篇）
语篇导读：本文的语篇类型是_____文，主题语境为___________。文章大意：___________________________________________________。
重点单词（词性转换词、熟词生意词、超纲词）和短语
1.pricey adj.
price n.
2.$25 a night
euros a day
3.with security
with comfort
4.recommendation n.
make a recommendation
recommend vt.
5.best-rated adj.
rate vt.
6.for good reason
7.affordable adj.
afford vt.
8.fun adj.
a fun atmosphere
9.added adj.
add vt.
10.staff members
11.event n.
hold plenty of events
12.plenty of
13.shot (c)n.
a shot of whisky
free shots
14.crawl n.
bar crawls
15.hang out
16.cleanliness （u）n.
cleanly adj.
17.furnishings n. （pl.）
furnish vt.
18.charge tax
charge sb. ... for ...
charge for Wi-Fi
19.air conditioning
20.heater n.
heat v.
21.located adj.
locate vt.
location n.
22.attraction (c)n.
a tourist attraction
the city’s main attractions
attract vt.
23.pay (sb.) ... for...
24.get noisy
25.talkative adj.
talk v.
26.inconveniently adv.
inconvenient adj.
convenient adj.
四、关键结构和长难句
1. Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel.
1). 情态动词can表示_________________________________
E.g. Peter _______ ________ ______ us together, but he isn’t very sure yet. 彼得今晚可能同我们一起去，但他还不能肯定。
2). which引导___________从句，指______________________________，相当于______________。
E.g. He changed his mind, ______ _______ me very angry. 他改变了注意，这让我很生气。（=He changed his mind, _____ _____ ______ me very angry.）
【翻译】______________________________________________________。
2. ... and for that, you’ll often get to stay in a central location (位置) with security and comfort.
get + to do ________________
E.g. I don’t ________________ the movies very often. 我没有机会经常去看电影。
【翻译】___________________________________________________。
3.If I had to make just one recommendation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel.
1). 本句的主句和从句谓语动词都用了虚拟语气的形式，表示说话人把动词所表达的行为或状态看作只是存在于说话人想象中的“假想”，而不看作是客观现实。本句的主句和从句都是表示对______时间的虚拟，这时虚拟条件句中动词用_______，主句中动词用______/_______/______/_______ + ________。
E.g. If he ______ any money, he_____ ______ home. 他要是有钱，他就离开家了。
If I ____ you, I_____ ____ parking now. 我要是你，我现在就动手收拾行装了。
表示非真实条件有多种语言方式，用if条件句表示是最普通的形式。
2). where to stay in Rome相当于________从句________________________。
疑问词+动词不定式： 在英语中，疑问词（疑问代词what、which、who、whom等，疑问副词where、when、how等） + 动词不定式构成不定式短语，在句中可做主语、宾语、表语等，相当于一个________从句。
E.g. We must first solve the problem of _____ ____ ______.（=We must first solve the problem of ______ _____ _____ ____.） 我们必须首先解决为谁服务的问题。
She didn’t know _____ ______ _____ _____-.（=she didn’t know _______ ______ _____ ________ ______.） 她不知道乘哪路车。
_______ _____ ______ _____ ______ the party is not known.（=_______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ the party is not known.） 何时何地举行聚会还不知道。
The difficulty is _____ _____ _____ the most of the work with the least of money.（=The difficulty is ____ _____ ______ _____ the most of the work with the least money.） 困难时如何尽量少用钱多办事。
【翻译】_________________________________________________________。
4.If you’re looking for cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station.
look no further than ... ____________________
no further than表示______________，意在言其_____。
在“no +形容词（或副词）比较级+than”的结构中，其意义和口气在于强调该形容词或副词的_____面性质。
E.g. He had travelled ______ ______ _____ seven miles across the Channel when his engine failed. 他在英吉利海峡上空刚刚飞行了七英里，他的发动机就出故障了。
They now have _____ ______ ______ 500 students in the attached middle school. 现在他们附中的学生仅有500人。
He is ____ ______ at golf ______ swimming. 他打高尔夫跟游泳一样差劲。
【翻译】______________________________________________________。
5.The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some.
providing..., and offering是两个并列的____分词短语做______语，他们的逻辑主语就是________。当分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是______的主语。由此来决定分词的形式：当句子主语从语义上看是分词所表达的动作的发出者（施动者）时，应使用_____分词；当句子主语是分词说表达的动作的对象（受动者）时，应使用_______分词。
E.g. ______ no money, we couldn’t get in. 由于没有钱，我们不能进去。
She enters, ____________ by her mother. 她由妈妈陪伴著走了进去。
【翻译】__________________________________________________________。
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