外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 4 A Glimpse of the Future Developing ideas Reading 学历案-（无答案）

选必三 　Unit 4 A glimpse of the future （第4课时）
Developing ideas
自主学习【学】
【课标要求】
1. 本单元的主题语境是“人与自然”，涉及的主题语境内容保护自然和自然文化遗产。
2. 围绕主题语境提供的语篇类型为小说。
3. 语篇讲述了在月球出生的Jimmy与一直陪伴他的机器狗的故事，引导学生从情感角度体会人工智能可能带来的影响。
【学习目标】
理解课文内容，能够清晰地叙述故事梗概；
能够理解课文中的伏笔，欣赏文学作品；
感悟文章主题，加深对主题意义的认识，形成积极接受但辩证地看待技术创新的情感态度。
【自学评价】
核心词汇
机械的 a. _____________
皱眉v. _____________
紧紧地adv. _____________
拼命的，绝望的a. _____________
线索，提示 n. _____________
阅读词汇
crater n. _____________
agile a. _____________
slope v. _____________
hop n. _____________
squeak v. _____________
tendon n. _____________
wavelength n. _____________
imitation n. _____________
mutt n. _____________
positronic a. _____________
重点词组
set out _____________
go through _____________
keep sb from doing _____________
not…any more _____________
hold out _____________
be adjusted to do _____________
adjust to _____________
as though / if _____________
point of view _____________
change one’s mind _____________
师生研学【研】
【学习过程】
Step 1. Pre-reading
Watch the video and answer the questions.
1. How does Asimov set out the relationship between humans and robots
2. Have you read any of Asimov’s novels If so, share one story you’ve read with the class. If not, would you like to read them Why or why not
Step 2. While- reading
1. Read the passage and find out what life on the Moon is like in the novel.
2. Compete the table to compare life on earth with life on the Moon.
3. Complete the summary of the story. (P60 Activity 3)
Step 3. Post-reading
1. What are the similarities and differences between Robutt and a real dog
2. Is there any foreshadowing of Jimmy’s final decision Find clues in the reading passage.
3. Work in groups and gave a talk on whether it is possible to have a real friendship with a robot.
训练提升【练】
【当堂检测】
课文语法填空
Jimmy, 1.________ Moon born boy, grows up with his good friend — Robutt, a robot mutt. One typical day, they were playing on the crater, as they often did. Jimmy looked thicker and stubbier with a spacesuit on, but the 2.________ (weigh) of the spacesuit couldn't keep Jimmy from racing up the gentle slope of the crater in a floating hop that made the Moon gravity seem nonexistent.
Robutt squeaked and bounded after. Expert as Jimmy was, he couldn't outrace Robutt, who 3.______________ (program) to protect him and accompany him. Jimmy couldn't go wrong while Robutt was around，tripping him when he was near a rock, or 4.________ (jump) on him to show how much he loved him. They were playing 5.________ (happy) when Jimmy's father, Mr Anderson, called him back through their private wavelength.
On arriving home, Jimmy was told that his new companion — a dog 6.________ the Earth and also the first one ever on the Moon was at the rocket station, going through the tests, after 7.________ he would have it. Mr Anderson wanted his son 8._________________ (experience) the love of a living thing through a real dog instead of Robutt, a 9.________ (mechanic) imitation and in fact, that's why he had brought one here. However, Jimmy insisted, “ I love Robutt, and that's what 10.________ (count)”， holding Robutt tightly.
翻译句子
1. 新的电动汽车在面世前经过了多项安全检测。（go through）
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2. 他向我张开双臂跳了起来，眼中充满希望。（hold out）
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3. 为什么说服别人改变主意这么难 (change one’s mind）
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4. 在网上购物和在传统商店购物有什么区别
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阅读理解
A High Precision Sound Sensor Inspired by Spider Legs
A team of researchers at Seoul National University has designed a high-performance sound sensor inspired by the sensor of spider legs. This innovation can be used to monitor heart function in detail and it could further be developed to detect minute physical vibrations.
Spiders "hear" each other and their environments through hairs on their bodies and through crack-shaped slits (狭缝) on their legs. These hairs and slit organs pick up tiny vibrations in the air, which help them detect movement – helping them find prey or a potential mate, for example. This complex biological phenomenon was described by Peter Fratzl from Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces and Friedrich Barth from the University of Vienna. Based on their findings, the South Korean researchers created a mechanical version of the organ.
To test the sensor's performance, the researchers placed it on a violin. As a result, the sensor could distinguish between the different notes being played. It correctly recorded the harmonic frequency of each note in the piece. Another experiment was to stick the sensor on the necks of 10 people and ask them to say the words "go", "jump", "shoot" and "stop" – commands in a video game – more than 10 times into a microphone. Then they compared the microphone's recording to the sensor's recording. When the researchers played background noise at the same time, the microphone's spectrogram (声谱图) signals got really noisy, but the sensor remained accurate. Moreover, it could read out a subject's pulse if strapped to their wrist.
Korean researchers said the sensor is able to fit the sensor sensitivity for different applications by varying the density of cracks made in platinum (铂) film. For example, a sensor for measuring the heart rate does not need to be as sensitive as a version used for voice recognition.
The system could also be adapted to create more efficient earthquake detection systems. The researchers are also working to reduce the manufacturing cost by replacing platinum, the primary material for making the sensor, with copper or aluminium (铝).
1. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 refer to
A. Movement can cause tiny vibrations in the air.
B. Spiders can find prey or a potential mate easily.
C. Spiders can hear the environments through their crack-shaped slits.
D. Spiders have hairs on their bodies and crack-shaped slits on their legs.
2. What have the South Korean scientists tested in their experiments
A. How the sensor pronounces words.
B. How the sensor can record words and noise separately.
C. Whether the sensor can follow the commands in the video game.
D. Whether the sensor can distinguish between the different notes played by a violin.
3. What will the future research possibly focus on
A. The sensor's reaction to different densities of sounds.
B. The efficiency of the sensor in detecting earthquakes.
C. New manufacturing materials that are more cost-friendly.
D. Developing more types of sensors using copper or aluminium.
4. In which section of the newspaper can readers find the passage
A. Health. B. Science. C. Business. D. Education.
完形填空
Advances in soft robotics could someday allow robots to work alongside humans, helping them (1) ______ heavy objects or carrying them out of danger. As a step (2) ______ that future, researchers at Stanford University have developed a new kind of soft robot that, by borrowing features from traditional robotics, is safe (3) ______ still retaining the ability to move and change shape.
"A significant (4) ______ of most soft robots is that they have to be (5) ______ to a bulky air compressor (压缩机) or plugged into a wall, which prevents them from moving," said Nathan Usevitch, a graduate student in mechanical engineering at Stanford. "(6) ______, we wondered: What if we kept the same amount of air (7) ______ the robot all the time "
From that starting point, the researchers ended up with a human-scale soft robot that can (8) ______ its shape, allowing it to grab and handle objects and move in controllable (9) ______. Their invention is described in a paper published in Science Robotics.
"The casual description of this robot that I give to people is Baymax from the movie Big Hero 6 mixed with Transformers. (10) ______, a soft, human-safe robot mixed with robots that can dramatically change their shape," said Usevitch.
"We're basically manipulating a soft structure with traditional motors," said Sean Follmer, assistant professor of mechanical engineering and co-author of the paper. "It makes for a really interesting class of robots that (11) ______ many of the benefits of soft robots with all of the knowledge we have about (12) ______ ones."
To make a more complex version of the robot, the researchers simply attach several triangles together. By (13) ______ the movements of the different motors, they can cause the robot to (14) ______ different behaviours, such as picking up a ball by completely (15) ______ it on three sides, or altering the robot's centre of mass to make it roll.
1. A. get B. lift C. make D. throw
2. A. towards B. of C. from D. in
3. A. and B. if C. while D. though
4. A. risk B. mechanism C. advantage D. limitation
5. A. attached B. pushed C. converted D. applied
6. A. However B. Moreover C. Therefore D. Still
7. A. of B. from C. within D. to
8. A. hold B. lose C. recover D. change
9. A. systems B. directions C. power D. manner
10. A. In particular B. In addition C. In some cases D. In other words
11. A. combines B. replaces C. provides D. associates
12. A. classic B. modern C. practical D. advanced
13. A. studying B. tracking C. controlling D. watching
14. A. analyse B. follow C. require D. perform
15. A. surrounding B. covering C. moving D. building
【布置作业】
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师生总结【结】