外研版（2019）选择性必修第三册Unit 6 Nature in Words Vocabulary and Listening 学历案（无答案）

选必三 　Unit 6 Nature in words （第3课时）
Vocabulary and listening
自主学习【学】
【课标要求】
1. 本单元的主题语境是“人与自然”，涉及的主题语境内容是不同文学形式中描写的自然。
2. 本课时围绕主题语境提供的语篇类型是对话。
【学习目标】
听懂并把握听力材料的核心思想和细节信息；
通过对话加深对博客内容的理解，会根据语境在对话中举例子和做解释。
【自学评价】
核心词汇
1.轻柔的，温和的a. ______________ 2.吹过，略过v. ______________
阅读词汇
1.bloom v. ______________ 2.charm n. ______________
3.bleak adj. ______________ 4.fade v. ______________
5.orchardn. ______________ 6.cluster n. ______________
7.pile v. ______________ 8.tinge v. ______________
9.wagon n. ______________ 10.reap v.______________
重点词组
1.a contrast with ______________
2.make a noise _____________
3.a dense forest ______________ 4.be irrelevant to ______________
5.place… with … ______________ 6.add colour to one`s life ______________
师生研学【研】
【学习过程】
Listening
Pre-listening
Read the paragraph and answer the questions on page87.
While-listening
Listen to the conversation and finish Activity 7 and 8.
Post-listening
Work in pairs. Talk about your opinions of the issue in Activity 8 using the expressions in this section.
Listening material
M=male speaker, Eric, grandfather; F=female speaker, Suzie, his granddaughter
F: Morning, Grandpa!
M: [grumpily] Morning, Suzie.
F: Grandpa, Is there something wrong You seem a bit upset.
M: Yes, well...I'm sorry, Suzie. It's just that I've been reading this new book called Landmarks by Robert Macfarlane, and something he wrote about has made me rather annoyed.
F: What is it
M: He explained that many words describing nature were now missing from the new version of the junior dictionary.
F: I don't quite understand. Can you give me some examples
M:Well,words such as “pasture” and “bluebell”.
F: I don't know those words. What do they mean
M: The former means a field of grass for cows and horses to eat. “Bluebells" are blue flowers shaped like bells.
F: I've never heard of them. Why would they take them out of the dictionary
M: Well, according to Macfarlane, the main reason for doing this is that these words are no longer relevant to children. Instead, they've replaced them with new terms like “blog".
F: I don't know, maybe the dictionary has a point. Most children don't get out into nature that much nowadays. They spend much of their time on computers, for instance. I think the new terms they added are words we hear in our everyday use.
M: Ah! That may be true, but it's a pity.
F: In what way
M: Two reasons, I think. Firstly, children are losing the joy of being young, of being outside under the trees with grass under their feet. Secondly, these words form part of our history. They add colour to our lives, and shouldn't be lost.
F: I'm not so sure, Grandpa. Young people might not get out into nature much, but we still experience joy. And as for losing words... well, you don't remember all the words from Shakespeare's day, do you
M: Er ... well, no...
F: Exactly! Times puters play a large part in our lives now. Consider social media. It is as normal to us now as...what was that funny old word you said Posture
M: Pasture, Suzie!
F: Yes. Social media is as normal to young people as pasture is to you.
M: [sighs]
F: [laughs] I know what would cheer you up. Let's go for a walk outside.
M: Aha! See You can't beat nature, Suzie, eh
［both laugh]
训练提升【练】
I. 阅读理解。
Scientists have always been interested in the high level of organization in ant societies. American researchers have watched ants build life saving rafts to keep afloat during floods. They also have recorded how ants choose their next queen—the female whose job is to produce eggs. New technology is helping to improve researchers' understanding of the insects. But there is still a lot to be learned.
Fire ants living in Brazilian forests are perfectly at home in an environment where flooding is common. To save themselves, the insects connect their legs together and create floating rafts. Some ant rafts can be up to 20 centimeters wide.
David Hu is an engineer with the Georgia Institute of Technology, also known as Georgia Tech, saying, “If you have 100 ants, which means 600 legs, 99 percent of those legs will be connected to a neighbor. So they're very, very good at keeping this network.”
David Hu and other Georgia Tech researchers wanted to study ants and the secret of their engineering. They froze ant rafts and then looked at them with the help of computer technology, or CT images. The pictures showed that larger ants serve in central positions to which smaller ants hold. The larger ants create pockets of air that keep the insects afloat. Scientists say small robots or materials that can change shape could be programmed in a similar way, working towards a shared goal.
Researchers at North Carolina State University are also studying ants. They examined how Indian jumping ants choose the leader of the colony when they lose their top female or queen.
1．Why does the author take fire ants as an example
A．To tell us how ants survive. B．To tell us how ants seek food.
C．To tell us how ants communicate. D．To tell us how ants live together.
2．What can we know from what David Hu said in Paragraph 4
A．Ants know the way to keep in touch in the river. B．Ants know the way to join together closely.
C. Ants know the way to look for each other. D．Ants know the way to build a large raft.
3．Why did the larger ants serve in central positions in their ant rafts
A．To stress their importance. B．To help all the ants float.
C．To fight against the enemies. D．To defend their top female.
4．What idea do the ants give us according to the passage
A．We can use similar shaped machines in flooded areas.
B. We can combine small robots or materials into larger ones.
C．Small and shape changeable things might work just like ants do.
D．Small robots or materials in the shape of ants can be made.
II. 七选五。
The history of writing instruments, with which humans have recorded and conveyed thoughts and feelings, is the history of civilization itself. This is how we know about our ancestors and their life.
The handy sharpened-stone was adapted into the first writing instrument. Around 24,000 BC, the cave man started drawing pictures with the stone onto the walls of his cave.　1　 Walls at the Apollo site in Namibia are believed to be the oldest rock paintings to date.
Before paper came along, people used clay or wax tablets on which they wrote with sharp objects such as metal sticks or bones. Around 6,000 years ago, the Egyptians invented the first paper-like material called papyrus. The word “paper” actually comes from the word “papyrus”.
　2　 Bones or metal sticks were no longer useful as the papyrus could not be scratched. So the Egyptians created a reed-pen perfect for the papyrus.　3　 And thus, ancient Egyptians transformed bamboo stems (茎) into an early form of a fountain pen.
Another writing instrument that remained active in history for a long period was the quill (鹅毛) pen. Introduced around 700 AD, the quill was a pen made from a bird feather. Goose feathers were most common.　4　 For making fine line drawings, crow feathers were the best.
When writers had better inks and paper and handwriting had developed into both an art form and an everyday occurrence, man`s inventive nature once again turned to improving the writing instrument.　5　
A. Now something was needed to write upon the papyrus.
B. The papyrus became the most popular material at that time.
C. Swan feathers were of high quality, being rare and most expensive.
D. Bamboo stems were better and much more expensive than goose feathers.
E. This led to the development of the modern fountain pen in the 19th century.
F. These were mostly the stems of grass, especially from the bamboo plant.
G. These drawings showed events in daily life like the planting of crops or hunting victories.
【布置作业】
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师生总结【结】