2024届中考英语语法速练(含解析)
14被动语态
01 Many interesting activities __________ during the Foreign Language Festival last month. A.were held B.hold C.are holding D.will be held
02 Sand turns to glass when it ________ by lightning. A.hits B.is hit C.is hitting D.will be hit
03 In the Wolong Panda Reserve, visitors ________ to get closer to pandas. A.allow B.allowed C.are allowing D.are allowed
04 The tea in Yunnan is so famous that it ________ to places across the world every day. A.sends B.sent C.is sent D.will be sent
05 WenChang Middle School in Yongchuan ________ last year . A.builds B.built C.is built D.was built
06 —Mum, could I watch the movie The Battle at Changjin Lake tonight —Of course, if your homework ______. A.finishes B.finished C.was finished D.is finished
07 The story of Xiaohui is so touching that it will never ________ by us. A.is forgotten B.forget C.be forgotten D.forgot
08 Computers have had a great influence on learning methods since they ________ into schools. A.introduce B.introduced C.are introduced D.were introduced
09 UNICEF, part of the United Nations, ________ in Europe in 1946 after World War II. A.set up B.was set up C.took up D.was taken up
10 So far, many people’s lives ________ with the help of the doctors and nurses. A.are saved B.were saved C.will be saved D.have been saved
11 —The result of the exam ________ to you by email. Didn’t you receive it —Oh, sorry. I’ll check it right now. A.will send B.will be sent C.has sent D.has been sent
12 — People ________ to take their temperatures before they go into the supermarket during the COVID-19 pandemic (新冠疫情). — I think it’s a good way to protect ourselves. A.are asking B.are asked C.asked D.ask
13 —Many DIY cards ________ to mothers on Mother’s Day every year. —How creative! A.is sending B.are sending C.is sent D.are sent
14 —Is there anything we should pay special attention to during the coming final exam —Of course. Students should remain in their seats until all the papers ________. A.are collected B.will be collected C.collect D.will collect
15 —I think teenagers should ________ cooking skills both at home and at school. —I totally agree. Labor education has a great influence on them. A.teach B.be teaching C.be taught D.have taught
16 —Mary, why are you in the classroom All your classmates are on the bus. —I’m sorry, but I ________ what time to get on the bus. A.am told B.didn’t tell C.haven’t told D.wasn’t told
17 —Daming, where are Betty and Tony —They ________ to hang flags in the hall by the head teacher. A.asked B.were asked C.will ask D.will be asked
18 —What do you think of the graduation ceremony(典礼) — Oh, excellent, it’s worth ________ forever. A.to remember B.be remembered C.remembering D.remembered
19 —Can he get the first prize in the race —He ________ so, but he has just hurt his leg. It’s impossible now. A.will expect to do B.is expected doing C.has expected doing D.was expected to do
20 —What are you reading —Harry Potter, a book which ________ by J.K. Rowling in 1997. A.written B.was written C.was writing D.has been written
21 —________ you ________ to Gina’s birthday party last week —Yes, I was. But I was too busy to be there. A.Are; invited B.Were; invite C.Are; invite D.Were; invited
22 —Why are you leaving your job —I can’t stand it any longer. I ______ always ______ to work overtime last year. A.am; asking B.am; asked C.was; asking D.was; asked
23 —Nanjing Road is very crowded these days. —The workers ________ it. It is said that it ________ soon. A.repair;finishes B.have repaired;will finish C.are repairing;will be finished
24 This storybook ________ well and it’s really worth ________. A.sells; to read B.is sold; reading C.has been sold; reading D.sells; reading
25 Although a great deal of money ________ at the charity show last month, the cost of living in the poor area ________ quickly, so we still need to do much work to help the poor people. A.was raised; is rising B.was raised; were raised C.rose; were raised D.rose; has risen
答案&解析
01 【答案】A 【详解】句意:上个月的外语节期间举办了许多有趣的活动。 考查被动语态。主语activities和hold“举办”之间是被动关系,根据“last month”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态was/were done。故选A。
02 【答案】B 【详解】句意:沙子被闪电击中会变成玻璃。 考查语态。句子主语it指代的是“Sand”,与动词hit之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,陈述事实用一般现在时,故选B。
03 【答案】D 【详解】句意:在卧龙熊猫保护区,游客可以近距离接触熊猫。 考查被动语态。分析句子可知,本句陈述的是一般性事实,需用一般现在时,可排除B/C选项;且主语“visitors”和动词“allow”之间是被动关系,需用被动语态(be done)。故选D。
04 【答案】C 【详解】句意:云南的茶叶非常有名,每天都被送到世界各地。 考查被动语态。分析句子可知,主语it和谓语send“发送”之间是被动关系,根据“every day”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done。故选C。
05 【答案】D 【详解】句意:去年永川建立了文昌中学。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“last year”可知是过去时,主语“WenChang Middle School”和动词“built”构成被动关系,结构为:was/were+过去分词。故选D。
06 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——妈妈,今晚我可以看电影《长津湖》吗?——当然,如果你的作业完成了。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。“if”表示“如果”时遵循“主将从现”,即主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,空格处在从句位置,用一般现在时,故排除B和C项;“homework”和“finish”是动宾关系,用被动语态。故选D。
07 【答案】C 【详解】句意:小惠的故事很感人,我们永远不会忘记。 考查时态和语态。根据“by us”可知主语it与动词forget之间是动宾关系,再由“will”可知用一般将来时的被动语态,其结构为will be done。故选C。
08 【答案】D 【详解】句意:自从计算机被引入学校以来,它们对学习方法产生了很大的影响。 考查时态和语态。since引导的时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主语“they”指代“Computers”,与谓语动词introduce“引进”之间是动宾关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态(were done)。故选D。
09 【答案】B 【详解】句意:联合国儿童基金会,是联合国的一部分,二战后于1946年在欧洲成立。 考查一般过去时的被动语态和动词短语。set up建立;take up占据,占用。根据“in Europe in 1946 after World War II”可知这是联合国儿童基金会的成立时间,因此动词短语应用set up来表示“成立”,且句子应用一般过去时。主语为UNICEF,与动词set up存在逻辑上的被动关系,因此应用被动语态,其结构为:was/were+过去分词。故选B。
10 【答案】D 【详解】句意:到目前为止,在医生和护士的帮助下,许多人的生命被挽救了。 考查被动语态。根据So far可知,此句用现在完成时,主语与动词save之间是被动关系,故此处用现在完成时的被动语态have/has been done的结构,故选D。
11 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——考试结果已通过电子邮件发送给你。你没收到吗?——哦,抱歉。我现在就去查看。 考查时态和语态。根据“Didn’t you receive it ”可知,结果已经用邮件发过去了,时态为现在完成时,“考试结果”与“发送”之间是被动关系,用现在完成时的被动语态(have/has been done)。故选D。
12 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——在新冠肺炎病毒大流行期间,人们在进入超市前被要求测量体温。——我认为这是一个保护我们自己的好方法。考查被动语态。主语people与动词ask之间是被动关系,表示被要求测体温,故此处用被动语态be done的结构,故选B。
13 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——每年母亲节都会给妈妈们寄很多DIY卡片。——多么有创意! 考查被动语态。分析句子可知,主语“Many DIY cards”和谓语“send”之间是被动关系,用被动语态be done,主语是名词复数,be动词用are。故选D。
14 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——在即将到来的期末考试中,我们有什么需要特别注意的吗?——当然。学生们应该坐在座位上,直到所有的试卷都收齐为止。 考查被动语态。句子是until引导的时间状语从句,遵循主将从现的原则,从句使用一般现在时,且主语the papers和collect是被动关系,因此使用一般现在时的被动语态are collected。故选A。
15 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——我认为青少年应该在家里和学校都学习烹饪技巧。——我完全同意。劳动教育对他们的影响很大。 考查被动语态。根据“teenagers”和“teach”可知,青少年应该在家里和学校都学习烹饪技巧,两者是被动关系,结合should,此句是含有情态动词的被动语态,故选C。
16 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——Mary,你为什么在教室里?你所有的同学都在公共汽车上。——对不起,没人告诉我什么时候上车。 考查被动语态。主语I与动词tell之间是被动关系,根据“why are you in the classroom All your classmates are on the bus”及“what time to get on the bus”可知,过去没有人告诉我上车的时间,要用一般过去时被动语态,故选D。
17 【答案】B 【详解】——大明,贝蒂和托尼在哪里?——他们被班主任要求在大厅里悬挂旗帜。 考查时态与被动语态。分析句子可知,答语中的“They”指的就是问句里的“Betty and Tony”;由“by the head teacher”,可知主语“They”与谓语动词是被动关系,所以要使用被动语态;根据对话情景,他们悬挂旗帜的动作不可能发生在将来,所以要用“一般过去时的被动语态”,故选B。
18 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——你觉得毕业典礼怎么样?——哦,非常棒,它值得永远记住。 考查主动表被动。be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”,此处用主动形式表被动含义。故选C。
19 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——他能在比赛中获得第一名吗?——大家都希望他这样,但他只是把腿弄伤了。现在不可能了。 考查动词时态和语态。主语He和expect之间是动宾关系,所以用被动语态,结合“but he has just hurt his leg. It’s impossible now.”可知,期望的动作发生在过去,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,be expected to do sth“被期望做某事”,固定短语,故选D。
20 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你在读什么书?——《哈利波特》,是J.K.罗琳1997年写的书。 考查被动语态。根据“in 1997”可知句子要用一般过去时;write动词,“写”,与a book之间是被动语态,即was done。故选B。
21 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——你上周受邀参加Gina生日派对了么?——是的。但是,我太忙了没去。 考查被动语态。主语you和invite构成被动关系,所以此处应用被动语态,即be+done结构。根据last week可知,此处时态为一般过去时。主语为you,谓语动词应用were。故选D。
22 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——你为什么要辞职?——我再也受不了了。去年我总是被要求加班。 考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“ I…always…to work overtime”可知,主语和ask之间为被动关系,使用被动语态;last year是一般过去时的标志词,因此使用一般现在时的被动语态was/were done;主语为I,此处结构为“was asked”。故选D。
23 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——南京路这几天很拥挤。——工人们正在修路。据说很快就完工了。 考查动词时态。根据“Nanjing Road is very crowded these days”可知,工人这些天正在修理,用现在进行时表示某一阶段正在进行的动作。根据“soon”可知,第二空应填一般将来时,主语it与动词finish之间是被动关系,故第二空用一般将来时被动语态,故选C。
24 【答案】D 【详解】句意:这本故事书卖得很好,非常值得一读。sell well“畅销,卖得好”,主动表被动(sell,write,wash等动作与某些副词连用表示主语的某种性质、特征时,句子用主动形式表示被动意义),可知,第一个空格处填sells;be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”,固定短语,所以第二个空格处填reading。故选D。
25 【答案】A 【详解】句意:虽然慈善义演筹集了大量资金,但在贫穷地区,生活成本却上涨得很快,因此,我们仍然需要做很多工作来帮助穷人。 考查动词辨析。raise筹集,及物动词;rise上升,不及物动词。第一空根据“a great deal of money at the charity show last month,”可知,这里动作应该是发生在过去,而且money是动作的承受者,句子使用被动语态,应该是一般过去时的被动语态:were/was+动词的过去分词,故第一空是was raised;第二空根据“the cost of living in the poor area”可知,物价上涨描述的是正在发生的事情,需用现在进行时。故选A。
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