外研版（2019）选择性必修三Unit4 A glimpse of the future Understanding ideas 课件 (共34张PPT)

(共34张PPT)
Understanding ideas
—Reading comprehension
Artificial Intelligence: A REAL THREAT
Unit 4　A glimpse of the future
By the end of this period, students will be able to:
1. read for the main idea of the passage;
2. read for details and learn about the views of three posters;
3. work out the structure of the text by creating the mind map;
4. develop the ability of critical thinking when discussing a controversial issue.
CONTENTS
Pre-reading
I
While-reading
II
Post-reading
III
Sentences analysis
IV
household
AI
education
transportation
entertainment
Look at some pictures of AI application in our daily life.
Pre-reading
What’s your opinion of AI(artificial intelligence)
economy
1955
1972
2001
2015
2017
Mathematician and logician, Alan Turing devised(发明) the Turing Test, a test on the ability of machines to show human-like intelligence.
Computer scientist, John McCarthy coined the term “artificial intelligence”.
Shakey, the first mobile robot able to make decisions, according to reason, was completed.
The Electrolux Trilobite, the first robotic vacuum(清扫) cleaner designed for home use, went on sale.
AlphaGo became the first computer program to beat a human professional Go player.
AlphaGo Zero beat the previous version of AlphaGo by 100 games to nil.
1950
Milestones in Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Read the facts about AI and answer the questions.
1.What can you learn from the timeline
From the timeline, we can learn that AI technology has developed greatly, and can now outperform humans in some aspects.
2. Are you concerned about developments in AI Why or why not
3. How do you think AI will develop in the future
Read the passage to see if it changes your opinion on the future of AI. If so, in what ways
1. What’s the passage mainly about
A．Three views on AI.
B．The greatest human achievement.
C．The biggest threat.
D．Self-driving cars.
While-reading
√
Activity 1: Fast-reading for main ideas
2．Skim the text and match each paragraph with its main idea.
Para.1　 A．Jobs are potentially at risk.
Para.2　 B．AI will make daily things easier.
Para.3　 C．Super-smart personal assistants are helpful.
Para.4　 D．We humans are at risk.
Para.5　 E．The value of AI.
Para.6　 F．We can only embrace and regulate AI.
Para.7　 G．We are not prepared for the challenges of AI.
Para. 1
Para. 3
Para. 4
Para. 5
Para. 6
Para. 7
Para. 2
Part I Millenniumbutterfly’s attitude to AI
Part II Popkid’s opinion about AI
Part III Pink_haze’s opinion about AI
3.Read for the main structure.
In the words of Professor Stephen Hawking, artificial intelligence will be “either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity”. Technology of Tomorrow Forum wants to hear your thoughts on AI. Is it our greatest human achievement so far Or is it the biggest threat to our existence
What’s the function of the words of Stephen Hawking
A．To give the background. B．To put forward the question.
C．To introduce the topic. D．To express the purpose.
√
What did Stephen Hawking mean when he said the above words
Let’s go on our reading with this question.
Activity 2: Careful-reading for details
Read the opening of the passage carefully and do the following exercise.
An English theoretical physicist, cosmologist and author. His book A Brief History of Time is an international bestseller. At the age of 21, he was diagnosed with ALS, a form of Motor Neurone Disease that causes paralysis gradually. Despite this, he continued his research into black holes and quantum gravity, conveying it to a wide audience.
Background information about Stephen Hawking
1. Find details about Millenniumbutterfly’s views：
Read Paras. 1-2 and do the following exercises.
getting my own __________________________
When researching new restaurants:
super-smart personal assistant
before:_______________________
now:_____________________
50% of my time was spent
a few seconds
AI can _________
save time
hoping that self-driving cars are available soon.
Why
① Self-driving cars can learn to drive in the same way that human do, and can make judgements based on information.
②They won’t be susceptible to human error.
AI can make driving ______
safer
AI can make _______________________ easier
doing day-to-day things
achievement
2. “She” refers to “______________________________”．
3.What rhetorical device (修辞手法) does the author use in this sentence
A．Metaphor(隐喻)．
B．Personification(拟人)．
C．Hyperbole(夸张)．
D．Antithesis(对比)．
super-smart personal assistant
Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant.
√
4.Find the sentences using comparison in Para. 1.(找出使用对比手法的句子)
It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants. In contrast, my PA only needs a few seconds to find the right place.
5. What does the word “hit” in Para. 2 mean
A．Touch someone or something quickly and hard.
B．Press a part in a machine，car，etc. to make it work.
C．Experience something difficult.
D．Become available to buy.
6.What’s Millenniumbutterfly’s attitude to AI
A．Negative. B．Critical.
C．Objective. D．Positive.
√
√
Read Paras. 3-5 and do the following exercises.
1. Find details about Popkid’s views：
It might ________________________.
wipe all human beings out
Nearly every job ________________________.
is at risk in the long run
taxi drivers;
journalists
Conclusion: ___________________________________________.
We’re not prepared for the challenges of AI
threat
2.What’s Popkid’s attitude to AI
A．Negative. B．Critical.
C．Objective. D．Positive.
√
3. What does “it” refer to in the sentence “If not, it might wipe us all out!” in Para. 3
A. A less advanced form of AI. B. Human’s thought.
C. AI. D. The use of AI.
“If not, it might wipe us all out！”
√
4. Which one is RIGHT according to Popkid’s opinion on AI
A．People have been prepared for the risks AI will bring.
B．AI will offer more jobs to people.
C．People should not ignore the risks brought by AI.
D．Risks outweigh benefits of AI.
√
Read Paras. 6-7 and do the following exercises.
1. Find details about Pink-haze’s views：
Advantage: AI can ________________________________________________.
Disadvantage: AI could be _________________________________________.
Solution: ________________________________.
solve problems that are too challenging for human experts
the most dangerous if it falls into the wrong hands
We should embrace and regulate it
2. The opinion of Pink_haze is ________.
A．subjective B．objective
C．indifferent D．negative
√
fall into the wrong hands: 落入不当之人手中
3. What does the word “it” mean in the sentence “My AI did it！” in the last paragraph
A．The illegal or immoral behaviour.
B．The biggest leap forward.
C．The breakdown of AI.
D．The benefit brought by AI.
√
4. For AI, what does Pink haze agree with
A．It is easy to fall into the wrong hands.
B．We should control it while making good use of it.
C．In modern society, mankind can neglect AI’s disadvantages.
D．People can use other high technologies to replace AI.
√
Technology of tomorrow forum(论坛) __________
1. Structure
Discussion topic: Is ___ our greatest human __________ so far Or is it the biggest ______ to our ________
_________ and attitudes from the posts by three netizens
Millenniumbutterfly
Optimistic attitude: time-saving, safe and ___________
Popkid
Negative attitude: ____ and threats
Pink haze
Objective attitude:
benefit: problem-solving
threat: dangerous ________ and regulate
discussion
AI
achievement
threat
existence
Opinions
convenient
risk
embrace
Read the whole passage again and do the following exercises.
2. Organise information from the passage and complete the diagram.
AI can help us save time.
1______________________
2______________________
_______________________
3________________________ including those too challenging for human experts.
AI can make driving safer.
AI can make doing
AI can solve problems
day-to-day things a lot easier.
AI is a real achievement.
AI might wipe out human beings.
4______________________
5____________________ if it falls into the wrong hands.
AI could be dangerous
Jobs are at risk due to AI.
AI is a real threat.
3. Read the opinions and match them to the persons. Talk about the opinion you agree with.
We all need to learn to live with AI technology whether we like it or are concerned about it. We cannot stop the march of progress.
I admit that more advanced AI could be helpful in solving the world’s problems, but there is a high level of risk involved.
I can’t understand why some people worry so much. I hope more breakthroughs in AI will be made soon, so that we can enjoy more and more convenience.
Post-reading
1. What did Stephen Hawking mean when he said that AI will be “either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity” (Critical thinking)
He meant that AI could bring us incredible benefits, but only if the technology is managed properly. If we do not manage the technology properly,it could result in human extinction.
Activity 1: Discussion
2．What should we do to AI？(Creative thinking)
Create a better world with Artificial Intelligence.
(1)Control the development direction of AI.
Make laws and regulations to creators and producers.(government)
(2)Direct or guide it properly to put a limit to AI.(scientists)
(3)Build a proper attitude towards AI.
Embrace it and make full use of its achievements. Enjoy its benefits and convenience to coexist with AI.(ordinary people)
AI is a double-edged sword (双刃剑). On the one hand, AI is our greatest human achievement so far and we embrace it. On the other hand, it is the biggest threat or danger to our human existence.
Regulate and govern it in a scientific way and it will serve and benefit our human beings better.
Is artificial intelligence the greatest human achievement or the biggest threat to our 1._________(exist) People in the Technology of Tomorrow Forum have different views.
Millenniumbutterfly thinks that his daily life is more 2.__________(convenience) with the advance of artificial intelligence. For example，he has got his super-smart personal assistant 3._____(build) into his phone. The assistant answers any question he puts to her 4.___________(immediate) and even uses his answers to learn more about his preferences．He hopes that more breakthroughs in AI will be made soon，5.____ that people can enjoy more and more benefits.
Popkid admits that more advanced AI could be helpful in 6._______(solve) the world’s problems,7.___ there is a high level of risk involved. Actually none of us 8.___________(prepare) for the challenges of AI.
In Pink_haze’s opinion，if super-intelligent AI goes wrong or falls 9.____ the wrong hands，it could also be the most dangerous. We have no choice but 10.__________(embrace) it and regulate it.
existence
convenient
built
immediately
solving
but
is prepared
into
to embrace
Activity 2: Summary
so
Sentences Analysis:
Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant.
[句式分析]　 此句是一个__________句；she gives me 是一个省略了关系代词的______从句，修饰Every recommendation；since引导____________从句；if引导_______从句。
[自主翻译]　
主从复合
原因状语
宾语
因为她可以预测我是否会喜欢某一个餐厅，所以她给我
定语
的每一个建议都很棒。
2. The only thing is that there might be a few machine -learning problems when the first cars hit the market, so perhaps I’d better learn to drive first.
[句式分析]　此句为so连接的_________句。在第一个分句中，that引导______从句；when引导__________从句。在第二个分句中，to drive为动词不定式作_______。
[自主翻译]　
并列
表语
宾语
唯一的问题是，当第一批汽车上市时，可能会有一些
时间状语
机器学习问题，所以也许我最好先学会驾驶。
3. The technology you’re using and enjoying today is a basic form of AI which can’t think independently without programming.
[句式分析]　此句为__________句；句子主干为_________结构；you’re using and enjoying today为省略了____________的_______从句，修饰先行词technology；which引导________从句。
[自主翻译]　
主从复合
关系代词
定语
定语
你今天正在使用和享受的技术是人工智能的基本形式，
主系表
没有程序它就无法独立思考。
4. Millenniumbutterfly, you say how great it would be to have self-driving cars, but what about all the taxi drivers who would lose their jobs
[句式分析]　此句是__________句。how引导_______从句；who引导________从句，修饰the taxi drivers。
[自主翻译]　
主从复合
宾语
定语
千禧蝶，你说拥有自动驾驶汽车会很棒，但出租车司机
会失业这个问题呢？
5. I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity to analyse and interpret vast amounts of data, which means it can even solve problems that are too challenging for human experts.
[句式分析]　此句是__________句，believe后是省略____的______从句；to analyse and interpret...是不定式短语作__________，修饰capacity；which引导________________从句，which代指前面整句话的内容；means后面是______从句；从句中that引导_________从句，修饰problems。
[自主翻译]　
主从复合
宾语
that
后置定语
我认为人工智能的大部分价值在于它分析和解析庞大
非限制性定语
宾语
定语
数据的能力，也就是说它甚至能够解决对于人类专家来说具有挑战性的问题。
6. But while super -intelligent AI could be the biggest leap forward in human history, if it goes wrong or falls into the wrong hands,
it could also be the most dangerous.
[句式分析]　此句是___________句，主句为：____；while 引导________从句；if 引导___________从句。
[自主翻译]　
主从复合
让步状语
条件状语
虽然超智能AI可能是人类有史以来的最大飞跃，但如果
出错或者落入坏人手中，它同时可能是最危险的。
Homework
Review what we have learnt and preview language points.