绝密★启用前
2024年高考英语4月全真模拟调研卷09（新高考I卷）解析版
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who graduated from Nanjing Normal University
A. Nancy’s mother. B. The woman. C. The man.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Michael, your daughter Nancy has gained admission to Nanjing Normal University, right
M: Yes. Word gets around fast!
W: If I remember correctly, it’s also your old school.
M: Actually, it’s my wife’s.
2. Why did the accident happen
A. One driver drove after drinking.
B. The traffic signal stopped working.
C. The drivers didn’t follow the speed limit.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: So what was the cause of the crash Was it due to drink-driving or speeding
W: Neither. A signal failure was being blamed for the crash according to the investigation.
3. What is the man’s opinion about his Arabic class
A. Arabic grammar is beyond his comprehension.
B. His Arabic teacher is difficult to deal with.
C. He needs time to digest the new knowledge.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: How’s your Arabic class going It is said that Arabic grammar is fairly difficult to learn.
M: Hmm…The grammar isn’t beyond my comprehension, but it does require a large amount of time to absorb all the things I have been taught.
4. What will Jack do next
A. Get some ingredients. B. Cook a meal. C. Walk the dog.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Jack, can you go and buy a bottle of olive oil and some garlic They feature significantly in today’s recipes.
M: Okay. Anything else
W: Yes, take the puppy for a walk when you get back.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Clothes. B. A plant. C. A season.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: It’s only 13 degrees Celsius. You’d better wear long-sleeve clothes.
W: Okay. Oh, look, the maple leaves have turned red! And some of the trees are already beginning to drop their leaves.
M: Yes, falling leaves are the first sign of autumn.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the speakers
A. In Janice’s apartment. B. In a movie theater. C. In a bookstore.
7. What do we know about Janice
A. She is hopeful about her future.
B. She hasn’t finished her novel.
C. She has been rejected by ten publishers.
【答案】6. B7. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Janice! I haven’t seen you for ages since you moved out of the apartment. Fancy meeting you here in the cinema! How’s everything going
W: Not bad. I think I have almost achieved my dream.
M: What do you mean by “almost”
W: I’ve finished my novel and I’ve submitted it to ten publishers. I believe good luck will come upon me soon.
M: That’s great to hear! I’ll keep my fingers crossed for you.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. When does the woman probably get up on working days
A. At 6:00 a.m. B. At 7:10 a.m. C. At 8:20 a.m.
9. What does the woman usually have for lunch on working days
A. Mushrooms or tomatoes. B. Bacon or eggs. C. Salad or sandwiches.
10. Who is in charge of evening meals on working days
A. The woman’s husband. B. The woman’s father. C. The woman.
【答案】8. B9. C10. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Can you tell me something about your typical working day
W: Sure. I get up between 7:00 a.m. and 7: 20 a.m. My dad makes a pretty good breakfast for my husband and me every day.
M: What do you usually have for a pretty good breakfast
W: We have mushrooms, tomatoes, bacon and eggs. After breakfast, I walk to my office and begin work at 9:00 a.m. At noon, I return home for lunch prepared by my husband — typically sandwiches or salad. I then continue working from 2:00 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. Then I come home again, make supper and then go to bed after the meal. That’s it.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does Bruce come to Gloria
A. To issue an invitation.
B. To help her organize a school dance.
C. To inquire about studying abroad.
12. Where will Gloria be on Saturday night
A. In a restaurant. B. In a dance studio. C. At her cousin’s place.
13. What does Gloria advise Bruce to do
A. Practice tennis with her. B. Get in touch with Alice. C. Search for information online.
【答案】11. A12. C13. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Hey, Gloria, have you heard about the school dance this weekend
W: Yes, Bruce. What’s up
M: Hmm…Have you had a date I wonder if you’d like to go with me.
W: I’d love to, Bruce, but I have a family reunion on Saturday night at my cousin’s house. She will study abroad soon. We will have a big family dinner, and I need to prepare a gift for her.
M: That’s totally fine, Gloria. I guess I might go alone.
W : Well, when I played tennis with Alice yesterday, she mentioned she wanted to go to the dance party, but she couldn’t find anyone to pair up with. You may try asking her.
M: Oh really Thanks for the information.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. How does the woman feel in Kids N Clay
A. Fairly tired. B. A bit disappointed. C. Quite pleased.
15. What quality can kids develop by working with clay according to Kevin
A. Being organized. B. Being concentrated. C. Being patient.
16. Which of the following is of considerable importance to Kevin’s career path
A. Specialized training. B. Practical experience. C. Degrees and certificates.
17. What is the secret of Kevin’s teaching
A. Showing kids every step clearly.
B. Offering kids incredible ideas.
C. Encouraging kids to release their creativity.
【答案】14. C15. B16. B17. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Kevin, you are one of the most gifted children’s art teachers in the Bay Area. Students stay in your program for years. It is very exciting to walk into Kids N Clay and observe it. What’s the secret of your success
M: I just work with clay as a medium. I think clay is an underestimated art medium. Clay inspires the creativity with few boundaries. You can see it when the kids get lost in a piece. When they are working, they get so absorbed that they can’t even hear you.
W: That’s amazing. What made you start teaching
M: I had been working with clay for around ten years when I went to a workshop at Idyllwild. A couple of women told me about an after-school program. I thought, “Wouldn’t it be fun to give what I know to kids ” But no one would give me a job. I don’t have a degree or any certificate. The women suggested I bring in the neighborhood kids. I went home and opened my studio to the neighborhood. That’s how my program started. I always tell kids they can create anything they want. When they come up with an incredible idea, my assistant and I will figure out a way for them to realize it.
W: Your devotion and passion are truly remarkable, Kevin. Thank you for sharing your inspiring journey with us.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. When did Albert Bierstadt move to America
A. In 1830. B. In 1831. C. In 1832.
19. What did Albert Bierstadt do in 1854
A. He focused on improving his drawing skills.
B. He held exhibitions in different countries.
C. He started to work as an art teacher.
20. Why did Albert Bierstadt go to the Bahamas yearly in his old age
A. To visit his sick family member.
B. To get inspiration for his paintings.
C. To engage in environmental protection.
【答案】18. B19. A20. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Albert Bierstadt was born on January 7th, 1830, in Prussia, Germany. His family moved to New Bedford, Massachusetts, the US when Albert was just one year old.
Little is known about his early life, but his skill at drawing led him to become an art teacher at age 20. Then, in 1853, he went to Germany, studying with experienced artists and drawing across Germany, Switzerland and Italy for 4 years. He grew up as an artist. Once back in New Bedford, he began to exhibit his European works, gaining recognition for his use of light and color that produced peaceful and gentle landscapes. For the next several decades, Albert took his place as one of the nation’s most honored landscape artists. His paintings of tropical environments are generally considered to be of equal quality to his paintings of the American West.
In his later years, he spent part of every year in the Bahamas, where his wife had moved for medical reasons.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The following courses are what you may be interested in to expand your academic knowledge.Stanford Online
Stanford Online is the digital extension of Stanford University. You can attend free courses, browse (浏览) the content library or take the courses for credit after paying. The course instructors teach in real-time, so the options change each semester. Different programs you can pursue include graduate and professional education.Harvard University Online Courses
They offer free and paid classes with a vast subject range, including art and design, business, and computer science. The site’s search features make it easy for you to find classes to fit your schedule. You can browse courses based on your learning plans, such as scheduling classes in two weeks, three months or a year from now.Open Yale Courses
Open Yale Courses gives you free access to a wide range of Yale University’s classes. There’s no certificate, degree or course credit option available through the site because it’s exclusively a free offering for those who want to expand their academic knowledge. The available classes are classroom recordings and provide the educational material you require for increasing various skills.
MIT OpenCourseWare
It provides individuals with free access to over 2,500 of its undergraduate and graduate classes. All courses are free for users, and there’s no registration required to view and watch the lesson materials. Additionally, the site makes the video classes easy to download for you to watch offline or to share with your friends, family members or colleagues.
21. What makes Harvard University Online Courses special
A. The flexibility. B. No charge.
C. The diverse content. D. No registration.
22. Which course will you take if you don’t want a certificate
A. Stanford Online. B. Harvard University Online Courses.
C. Open Yale Courses. D. MIT OpenCourseWare.
23. What do the listed courses have in common
A. They can be learnt offline. B. They’re offered by universities.
C. They are classroom recordings. D. They are developed by students.
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了多个在线课程平台，对每个平台的特点和所提供的服务进行了说明，旨在帮助读者了解并选择适合自己的在线课程。
21. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The site’s search features make it easy for you to find classes to fit your schedule. You can browse courses based on your learning plans, such as scheduling classes in two weeks, three months or a year from now. (该网站的搜索功能使您可以轻松找到适合您时间表的课程。你可以根据自己的学习计划浏览课程，比如安排两周、三个月或一年后的课程)”可知，哈佛大学在线课程提供了很大的灵活性，这是它们特殊的一个方面。学习者可以自由地安排学习时间，不受时间和地点的限制。故选A。
22. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“There’s no certificate, degree or course credit option available through the site because it’s exclusively a free offering for those who want to expand their academic knowledge. (该网站没有提供证书、学位或课程学分的选项，因为它完全是为那些想要扩展学术知识的人免费提供的)”可知，如果一个人不想要证书可以选择耶鲁大学开放课程。故选C。
23. 细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，每个课程都是由大学提供的。Stanford Online是斯坦福大学的数字延伸，Harvard University Online Courses是哈佛大学提供的在线课程，Open Yale Courses是耶鲁大学的开放课程，而MIT OpenCourseWare是麻省理工学院提供的在线课程。因此，这些课程的共同之处是它们都是由大学提供的。故选B。
B
There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.
Big challenges, however, can sometimes lead to great solutions. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile in order to control floods, produce electricity, and supply water to more farmers in the area. But the proposal led to protests. Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage. After listening to different voices, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.
A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics. The group asked for contributions from different departments and raised funds within the international community. Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests, and then made a proposal for how the buildings could be saved. Finally, a document was signed, and the work began in 1960.
The project brought together governments and environmentalists from around the world. Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water. In1961, German engineers moved the first temple. Over the next 20 years, thousands of engineers and workers rescued 22 temples and countless cultural relics. Fifty countries donated nearly $80 million to the project. When the project ended in 1980, it was considered a great success. Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still alive today. If a problem seems too difficult for a single nation, the global community can sometimes provide a solution.
24. What was the major concern regarding the construction of the new dam
A. The damage to local farms.
B. The high cost of the construction.
C. The disapproval of local communities.
D. The potential harm to cultural remains.
25. How were the cultural sites rescued
A. By rebuilding similar cultural sites.
B. By building fences around them.
C. By taking them down into pieces.
D. By removing and piecing them together again.
26. Which best describes the Aswan Dam project
A. International cooperation is not necessary for large-scale projects.
B. It is possible to achieve progress without sacrificing cultural heritage.
C. The opinions of experts should be ignored in favor of popular opinion.
D. Countries should always prioritize their own interests over global concerns.
27. What is the key to the success of the Aswan Dam project
A. Trial and error. B. Adequate investment.
C. Global cooperation. D. Careful investigation.
【答案】24. D 25. D 26. B 27. C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了埃及政府在建造阿斯旺大坝过程中，文化遗产保护所面临的问题和解决过程，并总结了其对全世界产生的积极影响。
24. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage. (大坝的水可能会损坏一些寺庙，并摧毁作为埃及文化遗产重要组成部分的文物)”可知，大坝的水可能会损坏一些寺庙，并摧毁作为埃及文化遗产重要组成部分的文物即新大坝的建设可能对文物有潜在破坏。故选D。
25. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water.(寺庙和其他文化遗址被一块一块地拆除，然后移动并重新组装在一个安全的地方)”可知，通过把文化遗址拆下来再拼起来的方式来拯救文化遗址。故选D。
26. 推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段中“Finding and keepig the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge. Big challenges, however, can sometimes lead to great solutions.(在文化遗址的保护和进步之间找到并保持适当的平衡可能是一个巨大的挑战。然而，巨大的挑战有时会带来伟大的解决方案)”和倒数第二段的“Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.(这些国家不仅找到了一条通往未来的道路，而不会越过过去的遗迹，而且还认识到，各国有可能共同努力建设一个更美好的明天)”可以推出在不牺牲文化遗产的情况下实现进步是可能的。故选B。
27. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.(这些国家不仅找到了一条通往未来的道路，而不会越过过去的遗迹，而且还认识到，各国有可能共同努力建设一个更美好的明天)”以及倒数第一段中“The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still alive today. If a problem seems too difficult for a single nation, the global community can sometimes provide a solution.( 阿斯旺大坝工程的精神今天仍然存在。如果一个问题对一个国家来说太难了，国际社会有时可以提供一个解决方案)”可知，碎阿斯旺大坝的成功在于各国共同努力的结果。故选C。
C
Billions of people deal with a nail-biting habit at some point in their lives. Many will go to great lengths to try to stop. And while not all of us are nail-biters, most of us do have a habit we’d like to kick. So what’s the best way to break one
Research shows that intentions alone often fail to lead to long-term behavior change. This isn’t to say you can’t break a habit. Rather, by understanding the basis of habits, you can create better plans for changing them. For example, we know habits are often affected by environments and routines. Lying in bed may cause you to endlessly scroll through your phone, or watching TV on the couch may lead you to grab a sugary snack.
One of the most effective ways to manage behavior is to identify these locations or times of day. Then try to modify them by changing your routine or creating obstacles that make it more difficult to perform the habit in that space. Moving, switching jobs, or even starting a new schedule, are particularly great times to break a habit or build a new one.
One 2005 study tracked university students’ exercising, reading, and TV-watching habits before and after they transferred schools. When students were no longer around old environments and routines, their habits, even the strong ones, significantly changed.
For behaviors like nail-biting, a practice called habit reversal training can be helpful. Developed by psychologists in the 1970s, the aim is to change a habit by replacing it with another one that’s less detrimental. The training requires you to analyze and understand your habit cues, so you can effectively step in at the right times. For example, if you tend to bite your nails at work, keep a fidget toy at your desk in advance. Then, if a stressful email comes in, use the toy when you feel the urge to bite your nails.
Breaking a habit takes time, so remember to give yourself grace and have patience through the process.
28. Why does the author mention “a nail-biting habit” in Para. 1
A. To make a comparison. B. To make a conclusion.
C. To introduce the topic. D. To attract readers’ attention.
29. What is the best way to help us control our action
A. Having intentions alone. B. Understanding the basis of habits.
C. Making practical plans. D. Adapting the environments or times.
30. What does the underlined word “detrimental” in Para.5 probably mean
A. Harmful. B. Helpful.
C. Annoying. D. Time-consuming.
31. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Difficulties in dealing with nail-biting.
B. Significance of habit reversal training.
C. Useful tips on getting rid of a habit.
D. Necessity of having grace and patience.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. A 31. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了如何改变习惯，包括了环境和常规的影响，以及一些有效的方法如何改变习惯，比如改变日常行为的时间和地点，使用习惯逆转训练等。同时提醒读者要有耐心和恒心来改变习惯，因为这个过程需要时间。
28. 推理判断题。根据第一段中“And while not all of us are nail-biters, most of us do have a habit we’d like to kick. So what’s the best way to break one ( 虽然不是所有人都是咬指甲的人，但我们大多数人都有一个想要改掉的习惯。那么打破它的最好方法是什么呢 )”可知，第一段以“咬指甲”这个坏习惯为例，引出文章主题即如何改掉习惯。故选C。
29. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“One of the most effective ways to manage behavior is to identify these locations or times of day. (管理行为最有效的方法之一就是确定这些地点或时间)”可知，管理行为最好的方法之一是确定时间或地点即适应环境或时间。故选D。
30. 词义猜测题。根据下划线前面的内容“Developed by psychologists in the 1970s, the aim is to change a habit by replacing it with another one that’s less…(心理学家在20世纪70年代提出了这种方法，目的是通过用另一种……的习惯来改变一种习惯)”以及后文的例子“For example, if you tend to bite your nails at work, keep a fidget toy at your desk in advance. Then, if a stressful email comes in, use the toy when you feel the urge to bite your nails.(举个例子，如果你在工作时总是咬指甲，事先将一个玩耍的玩具放在你的办公桌上。然后，如果收到一封压力大的电子邮件时，当你感到想要咬指甲时，就使用这个玩具)”可知，如果收到一封压力大的电子邮件时，当你感到想要咬指甲时，就使用这个玩具这种危害性较小的行为来替代咬指甲的习惯即通过一种危害性小的习惯来取代或者改变原有的习惯。由此划线词与A选项“Harmful.(有害的)”为同义词。故选A。
31. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“And while not all of us are nail-biters, most of us do have a habit we’d like to kick. So what’s the best way to break one ( 虽然不是所有人都是咬指甲的人，但我们大多数人都有一个想要改掉的习惯。那么打破它的最好方法是什么呢？)”以及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了如何改变习惯，包括了环境和常规的影响，以及一些有效的方法如何改变习惯。C选项“Useful tips on getting rid of a habit.(关于摆脱习惯的有用建议)”符合文章标题。故选C。
D
Nature has the power to alter an element’s identity with time and space. This is evident by the transformative effect Britain’s deep coal mines have been showing after decades of being one of the biggest reasons for pollution. Now, they’re being employed to supply green energy to the town of Gateshead. The town is the first place to experience something like this in the country, but the success of the phenomenon has encouraged the authorities to apply it to other towns.
In 2021, coal was just producing 2% of electricity in the UK. Most of the electricity in the country is being supplied through oil and gas. This has resulted in massive abandoned coal mines all across the country. As years went by, these mines were flooded with water, making it a source of geothermal（地热的） energy, which is used to generate heat and electricity. Gateshead hosts such a mine in its town, whose council, therefore, launched a mine water project in March 2023.
The authorities put in a large central heat pump in the mine. Mine water can often sit with a temperature of 45℃. The water is then pumped using appliances to home heat pumps. The process increases the temperature further. The water then goes ahead and warms up the interior space and home water supply. After the heat from the water has been used, it’s sent back to the mine where it again goes through the same process. The project has been successful in supplying low-carbon heating to 350 high-rise buildings, a college and several office buildings.
“Recovering heat from mine water below the ground within abandoned coal mines provides an exciting opportunity to generate a low-carbon secure supply of heat, benefitting people living or working in buildings on the coalfields,” said Gareth Farr, head of heat and by-product innovation at the Coal Authority.
The water resources through the mines are estimated to be two billion cubic meters or half the amount of water in Loch Ness. Farr added, “With many millions of people living upon abandoned coalfields in Great Britain, the potential for mine water heat could be significant.”
32. What does the town of Gateshead feature
A. It’s been one of the most heavily polluted areas.
B. It has the most deep coal mines nationally.
C. It mainly relies on geothermal energy.
D. It is the first one to reuse abandoned coal mines.
33. Why were many coal mines abandoned in the UK
A. They were quite remote.
B. Prices of coal declined a lot.
C. There weren’t enough miners.
D. The UK prioritizes cleaner energy.
34. What is implied in the last paragraph
A. The number of abandoned coal mines is stably increasing.
B. The future of sourcing energy from coal mines is promising.
C. The dependence on water resources in the UK is decreasing.
D. The technique to take advantage of mine water is impressive.
35. What is the text mainly about
A. An innovative way to obtain green energy.
B. A method of living in harmony with nature.
C. A national project for abandoned facilities.
D. A discussion on the future of coal mines.
【答案】32. D 33. D 34. B 35. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是英国利用废弃煤矿来供应绿色能源，通过从地热水中获取热能来取暖和发电。这项创新方法已在Gateshead镇成功实施，对其他城镇也具有潜力。
32. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Now, they’re being employed to supply green energy to the town of Gateshead. The town is the first place to experience something like this in the country, but the success of the phenomenon has encouraged the authorities to apply it to other towns.(现在，他们受雇为盖茨黑德镇提供绿色能源。该镇是全国第一个体验到这种现象的地方，但这种现象的成功促使当局将其应用到其他城镇)”可知，该镇是全英国第一个重新利用废弃煤矿的国家。故选D。
33. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In 2021, coal was just producing 2% of electricity in the UK. Most of the electricity in the country is being supplied through oil and gas. This has resulted in massive abandoned coal mines all across the country. (2021年，煤炭仅占英国电力的2%。这个国家的大部分电力是通过石油和天然气供应的。这导致了全国各地大量的废弃煤矿)”可知，由于英国优先发展清洁能源，导致了全国各地大量的废弃煤矿。故选D。
34. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The water resources through the mines are estimated to be two billion cubic meters or half the amount of water in Loch Ness. Farr added, “With many millions of people living upon abandoned coalfields in Great Britain, the potential for mine water heat could be significant.”(据估计，通过这些矿山开采的水资源约为20亿立方米，相当于尼斯湖水量的一半。法尔补充说：“在英国，有数百万人生活在废弃的煤田里，矿井热水的潜力可能是巨大的。”)”可知，矿山开采的水资源数量巨大并且矿井热水的潜力可能是巨大的即从煤矿中获取能源的未来是有希望的。故选B。
35. 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“This is evident by the transformative effect Britain’s deep coal mines have been showing after decades of being one of the biggest reasons for pollution. Now, they’re being employed to supply green energy to the town of Gateshead. The town is the first place to experience something like this in the country, but the success of the phenomenon has encouraged the authorities to apply it to other towns.( 这一点在英国深层煤矿显示出了转变的效果，几十年来它们一直是污染的主要原因之一。现在，它们被用来为Gateshead镇提供绿色能源。这个镇是整个英国第一个经历这样一种现象的地方，但这一成功激励了当局将其应用到其他城镇)”以及通读全文可知，整篇文章主要介绍了利用废弃煤矿从地热水中获取绿色能源的创新方法。文章提到了Gateshead镇是第一个尝试这种方法的地方，还提到了项目的成功和潜力。因此，文章主要是关于一种获取绿色能源的创新方法。A选项“An innovative way to obtain green energy.( 一种获得绿色能源的创新方式)”概括文章主要内容。故选A。
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Protect Against Undue Influence Online
The potential for undue influence has become increasingly significant in this era of digital interconnectivity. Undue influence can affect our perceptions and influence our decisions. It may even end anger our autonomy (自主) and mental health. 36
Understand what undue influence is
The first step to protecting yourself is understanding what undue influence is. Undue influence refers to a situation in which an individual or group employs unreasonable control over another person’s behavior information, thoughts, and emotions. 37 Disinformation campaigns, persuasive advertising, and even content designed to cause fear, uncertainty, or dependency may often appear online.
Develop media literacy skills
In an age of fake news, it is crucial to develop media literacy skills. 38 Become a consumer who can tell the quality of information, identify the source, check for credibility, and look for your unconscious assumptions and preferences.
39
Delete as much data as you can about yourself. Be mindful of what information you share online, and always ensure that your online activities are secured through reliable sources. Review all policies on platforms, especially “free” ones. If you aren’t paying, then you are the product, as in many cases, they are selling your data.
By including these steps into your digital life, you can protect yourself from undue influence in the online world, ensuring that you can think and act independently, free from ill control.
40 It is your mind. Only you should control it!
A. Prioritize privacy
B. Be mindful of free ones
C. It’s vital to have a health y Internet and real-life balance.
D. In the digital world, undue influence can take many forms.
E. Everyone deserves the right to live free from undue influence.
F. They involve analyzing, evaluating, and creating media in various forms.
G. Here are some essential strategies for you to protect yourself online from undue influence.
【答案】36. G 37. D 38. F 39. A 40. E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了通过提高媒体素养、注意隐私保护、审慎对待免费服务等措施，人们可以在网络空间中更好地保护自己，确保能够独立思考和行动，远离不当控制。
36. 根据上文的“The potential for undue influence has become increasingly significant in this era of digital interconnectivity. Undue influence can affect our perceptions and influence our decisions. It may even end anger our autonomy and mental health. (在这个数字互联互通的时代，不正当影响的可能性变得越来越大。不适当的影响会影响我们的认知，影响我们的决定。它甚至可能结束我们的自主权和心理健康)”可知，G项Here are some essential strategies for you to protect yourself online from undue influence.(这里有一些重要的策略，可以让你在网上免受不正当的影响)承接上文，作为过渡句，引出后文的策略，故选G项。
37. 根据上文的“The first step to protecting yourself is understanding what undue influence is. Undue influence refers to a situation in which an individual or group employs unreasonable control over another person’s behavior information, thoughts, and emotions. (保护自己的第一步是了解什么是不当影响。不当影响指的是个人或团体对他人的行为、信息、思想和情绪采取不合理控制的情况)”和下文的“Disinformation campaigns, persuasive advertising, and even content designed to cause fear, uncertainty, or dependency may often appear online.(虚假信息运动，有说服力的广告，甚至旨在引起恐惧，不确定性或依赖的内容可能经常出现在网上)”可知，D项In the digital world, undue influence can take many forms.(在数字世界中，不当影响可以有多种形式)承接上文，在不当影响的定义之后又继续指出它存在多种形式，下文举例说明了不当影响都有哪些具体的表现，故选D项。
38. 根据上文的“In an age of fake news, it is crucial to develop media literacy skills. (在假新闻泛滥的时代，培养媒体素养至关重要)”和下文的“Become a consumer who can tell the quality of information, identify the source, check for credibility, and look for your unconscious assumptions and preferences.(成为一个消费者，能够判断信息的质量，识别来源，检查可信度，并寻找你无意识的假设和偏好)”可知，F项They involve analyzing, evaluating, and creating media in various forms.(它们包括分析、评价和创造各种形式的媒体)承接上文，指出了媒体素养所包含的内容，下文指出了成为一名具有媒体素养的消费者应该做到的事情，故选F项。
39. 根据本段的“Delete as much data as you can about yourself. Be mindful of what information you share online, and always ensure that your online activities are secured through reliable sources. Review all policies on platforms, especially “free” ones. If you aren’t paying, then you are the product, as in many cases, they are selling your data.(删除尽可能多的关于你自己的数据。注意你在网上分享的信息，并始终确保你的在线活动通过可靠的来源得到保护。查看平台上的所有政策，尤其是“免费”平台。如果你不付钱，那么你就是产品，因为在很多情况下，他们在出售你的数据)”可知，本段主要讲述的是上网时的安全问题，因此A项Prioritize privacy(优先考虑隐私)能够概括本段大意，可以作为段落小标题，故选A项。
40. 根据下文的“It is your mind. Only you should control it!(这是你的思想。只有你能控制它！)”可知，E项Everyone deserves the right to live free from undue influence.(每个人都应该享有不受不当影响的生活权利)指出人们在网络上要摆脱不当影响，而这取决于你的判断能力和媒体素养，因此该项与下文连接通顺，故选E项。
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Growing up on a farm, Tori James spent much of her early years outdoors, building shelters and playing in muddy streams. She 41 herself as an ambitious and adventurous child and owes the Duke of Edinburgh Award to her love for 42 . James says she could never have 43 that one day she might be the youngest British woman to 44 the peak of Mount Everest.
Today, James is a(n) 45 adventurer. Alongside her successful climb of the world’s 46 peak in 2007, she was a member of the first all-female team to 47 a tiring 650-kilometre ski race to the Magnetic North Pole in 2005, and in 2014 she set the 48 for the longest non-stop open-sea kayak crossing in UK waters.
Yet ahead of her first exploration at the age of 18, James had 49 her ability to last a month out in the cold without the comfort of a hot bath. “It’s only by 50 our comfort zone that we understand our true potential,” she explains, “That’s when the 51 happens.”
James encourages would-be adventurers not to be 52 by the conventional image of the rugged (粗犷的), hardy explorer. “I am such a believer that, with the right support and skills, everyone can bring 53 to an exploration,” she adds, “Sometimes, it’s only out in the field that someone’s 54 talents emerge, 55 in the process of exploration.”
41. A. describes B. admits C. imagines D. praises
42. A. wildlife B. science C. exploration D. competition
43. A. explained B. understood C. declared D. predicted
44. A. measure B. approach C. admire D. reach
45. A. patient B. ordinary C. professional D. honest
46. A. coldest B. highest C. prettiest D. straightest
47. A. complete B. coach C. judge D. cancel
48. A. record B. date C. goal D. standard
49. A. lost B. doubted C. limited D. developed
50. A. entering B. restoring C. leaving D. expanding
51. A. emergency B. accident C. event D. magic
52. A. pushed ahead B. kept apart C. cheered up D. put off
53. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything
54. A. academic B. creative C. hidden D. artistic
55. A. eventually B. particularly C. generally D. obviously
【答案】41. A 42. C 43. D 44. D 45. C 46. B 47. A 48. A 49. B 50. C 51. D 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了托里 詹姆斯从小喜欢探险，长大后成为专业的探险家，从而也形成了自己对探险旅行的独特见解。
41. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把自己描述成一个雄心勃勃、爱冒险的孩子，并将爱丁堡公爵奖归功于她对探索的热爱。A. describes描述；B. admits承认；C. imagines想象；D. praises赞扬。根据后文“herself as an ambitious and adventurous child”可知，这是托里 詹姆斯自己对自己的描述。故选A项。
42. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她把自己描述一个雄心勃勃、爱冒险的孩子，并将爱丁堡公爵奖归功于她对探索的热爱。A. wildlife野生动物；B. science科学；C. exploration探索；D. competition竞争。根据前文的“Tori James spent much of her early years outdoors, building shelters and playing in muddy streams.”可知，托里 詹姆斯热爱探索。故选C项。
43. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：詹姆斯说，她从来没有预料到有一天她可能会成为到达珠穆朗玛峰最年轻的英国女性。A. explained解释；B. understood理解；C. declared声明；D. predicted预料。根据后文的“that one day she might be the youngest British woman to 44 the peak of Mount Everest”可知，她会成为登上珠穆朗玛峰最年轻的英国女性，这样的成就是她以前没有预料到的。故选D项。
44. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：詹姆斯说，她从来没有预料到有一天她可能会成为到达珠穆朗玛峰最年轻的英国女性。A. measure测量；B. approach接近；C. admire钦佩；D. reach到达。根据后文的“the peak of Mount Everest.”可知，她到达珠穆朗玛峰。故选D项。
45. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，詹姆斯是一名职业冒险家。A. patient有耐心的；B. ordinary普通的；C. professional专业的；D. honest诚实的。根据后文的“Alongside her successful climb of the world’s 6 peak in 2007, she was a member of the first all-female team to 47 a tiring 650-kilometre ski race to the Magnetic North Pole in 2005, and in 2014 she set the 48 for the longest non-stop open-sea kayak crossing in UK waters.”可知，詹姆斯是一名职业冒险家。故选C项。
46. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她在2007年成功攀登了世界最高峰，2005年，她是第一支全女子团队的成员，完成了650公里的滑雪比赛，到达磁北极。A. coldest最冷的；B. highest最高的；C. prettiest最漂亮的；D. straightest最直的。根据前文的“the youngest British woman to 4 the peak of Mount Everest.”可知，她攀登的是珠穆朗玛峰，是世界最高峰。故选B项。
47. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在2007年成功攀登了世界最高峰，2005年，她是第一支全女子团队的成员，完成了650公里的滑雪比赛，到达磁北极。A. complete完成；B. coach训练；C. judge判断；D. cancel取消。根据前文“Alongside her successful climb of the world’s 6 peak in 2007”和后文“a tiring 650-kilometre ski race to the Magnetic North Pole in 2005”可知，詹姆斯不但成功攀登了世界最高峰，也完成了650公里的滑雪比赛。故选A项。
48. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：2014年，她创造了英国水域最长的不间断公海皮划艇穿越纪录。A. record记录；B. date日期；C. goal目标；D. standard标准。根据后文的“for the longest non-stop open-sea kayak crossing in UK waters”可知，她创造了英国水域最长的不间断公海皮划艇穿越纪录。故选A项。
49. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在她18岁的第一次探险之前，詹姆斯怀疑自己是否能在没有热水澡舒适的情况下在寒冷中坚持一个月。A. lost丢失；B. doubted怀疑；C. limited限制；D. developed发展。根据前文的“ahead of her first exploration at the age of 18”可推知，在第一次探险之前詹姆斯对自己的能力充满怀疑。故选B项。
50. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“只有离开舒适区，我们才能了解自己真正的潜力，”她解释说，“那就是奇迹发生的时候。”A. entering进入；B. restoring恢复；C. leaving离开；D. expanding扩大。根据后文的“our comfort zone that we understand our true potential”可知，要离开舒适区，才能了解自己真正的潜力。故选C项。
51. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“只有离开舒适区，我们才能了解自己真正的潜力，”她解释说，“那就是奇迹发生的时候。”A. emergency紧急情况；B. accident事故；C. event事件；D. magic奇迹，魔术。根据前文的“It’s only by 50 our comfort zone that we understand our true potential”可知，只有离开舒适区，我们才能了解自己真正的潜力，才会像她一样突破自己，奇迹才会发生。故选D项。
52. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：詹姆斯鼓励想要成为冒险者的人不要被传统的粗犷、顽强的探险家形象使得失去兴趣。A. pushed ahead向前推进；B. kept apart分开；C. cheered up欢呼；D. put off使失去兴趣，推迟。根据后文的“by the conventional image of the rugged (粗犷的), hardy explorer”可知，传统的粗犷、顽强的探险家形象很有可能会使想要成为冒险者的人失去兴趣。故选D项。
53. 考查代词词义辨析。句意：她补充道：“我坚信，只要得到适当的支持和技能，每个人都能在探索中有所作为。有时候，只有在这个领域，人们隐藏的才能才能显现出来，尤其是在探索的过程中。”A. something某事；B. nothing没有什么；C. anything任何事；D. everything每件事。根据前文的“I am such a believer that, with the right support and skills, everyone can bring...”可推知，只要得到适当的支持和技能，每个人都能在探索中有所作为。故选A项。
54. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她补充道：“我坚信，只要得到适当的支持和技能，每个人都能在探索中有所作为。有时候，只有在这个领域，人们隐藏的才能才能显现出来，尤其是在探索的过程中。”A. academic学术的；B. creative创造性的；C. hidden隐藏的；D. artistic艺术的。根据后文的“talents emerge”可知，隐藏的才能显现出来。故选C项。
55. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她补充道：“我坚信，只要得到适当的支持和技能，每个人都能在探索中有所作为。有时候，只有在这个领域，人们隐藏的才能才能显现出来，尤其是在探索的过程中。”A. eventually最终；B. particularly特别；C. generally一般 ；D. obviously显然。根据前文的“Sometimes, it’s only out in the field that someone’s 54 talents emerge”和后文“in the process of exploration.”可知，尤其是在探索的过程中，才能激发人们的潜力，人们隐藏的才能显现出来。故选B项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shenzhou XVII crew conducted their second spacewalk outside the Tiangong space station on Saturday, 56 (complete) the first repair operation by Chinese astronauts, according to the China Manned Space Agency.
The agency said that mission commander Tang Hongbo and crew member Jiang Xinlin 57 (return) to the Wentian science module (舱) at 1:32 pm after floating for nearly eight hours outside the huge orbital station. The 58 (three) crew member Tang Shengjie, stayed inside Tiangong to provide support.
“With the 59 (cooperate) and assistance from ground controllers and the space station’s robotic arm, the team completed all their assigned tasks 60 (successful),” the agency said. It was the 15th spacewalk 61 (carry) out by Chinese astronauts. During the spacewalk, Tang Hongbo and Jiang Xinlin repaired damage to parts on the Tianhe core module’s solar wings that was caused by tiny space debris (碎片).
The Shenzhou XVII astronauts, 62 are the sixth crew to inhabit the Tiangong space station, arrived at the enormous flying outpost on Oct. 26, 2023 to take over from their peers (同行) in the Shenzhou XVI mission.
On Dec. 21, the crew performed their first spacewalk 63 finished a host of tasks including carrying out test repairs, too. They are scheduled 64 (wrap) up their spaceflight at the end of April and will hand over the Tiangong space station 65 the Shenzhou XVIII crew before returning to Earth.
【答案】pleting 57. returned 58. third 59. cooperation 60. successfully 61. carried 62. who 63. and 64. to wrap 65. to
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要报道了神舟十七号航天员完成太空修复任务。
56. 考查非谓语动词。句意：据中国载人航天局称，2024年3月2日，神舟17号宇航员在天宫空间站外进行了第二次太空行走，完成了中国宇航员的首次修复操作。句子谓语动词是conducted，空格处填入非谓语动词，动词complete和逻辑主语The Shenzhou XVII crew之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填completing。
57. 考查一般过去时。句意：该机构表示，任务指挥官汤洪波和机组成员江新林在巨大的轨道站外漂浮了近8个小时后，于下午1点32分返回了问天实验舱。结合句意及句中的said可知，句子是描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，故填returned。
58. 考查序数词。句意：第三名机组人员唐胜杰留在天宫号内部提供支持。结合句意可知，此处指“第三个”，使用序数词，故填third。
59. 考查名词。句意：“在地面控制人员和空间站机械臂的配合和协助下，该团队完成功成了所有分配的任务，”该机构说。空处和名词assistance并列，应填名词形式，作介词With的宾语，cooperation“合作”，不可数名词，故填cooperation。
60. 考查副词。句意同上。空处修饰动词completed，应用副词形式，故填successfully。
61. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是中国宇航员进行的第15次太空行走。句子谓语动词是was，空格处填入非谓语动词，结合“by Chinese astronauts”可知，动词短语carry out和spacewalk之间是被动关系，此处应用过去分词作后置定语，故填carried。
62. 考查定语从句。句意：10月26日，神舟17号的宇航员接替神舟16号的任务，他们是第6批居住在天宫空间站的宇航员，抵达这个巨大的飞行前哨。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The Shenzhou XVII astronauts，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导，故填who。
63. 考查连词。句意：12月21日，宇航员进行了首次太空行走，并完成了包括测试维修在内的一系列任务。结合句意可知，“performed their first spacewalk”和“finished a host of tasks”是并列关系，用并列连词and连接，故填and。
64. 考查非谓语动词。句意：按计划，他们将在4月底结束太空飞行，并在返回地球之前将天宫空间站移交给神舟18号机组人员。be scheduled to do sth“被安排做某事”，故填to wrap。
65. 考查介词。句意同上。hand over…to…“把……移交给……”，固定搭配，故填to。
第四部分 写作(两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，英语课上，老师要求大家分组讨论使用电子设备阅读的现象。请你作为小组代表，写一篇短文，内容包括：
1. 优点与缺点;
2. 合理建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 题目和首句已为你写好, 不计人总词数。
Make Better Use of Digital Reading
Nowadays, digital reading is becoming increasingly popular.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Make Better Use of Digital Reading
Nowadays, digital reading is becoming increasingly popular. It offers several advantages and drawbacks.
On one hand, digital reading provides great convenience, allowing us to carry an entire library with us. Additionally, it enhances the experience with interactive elements such as videos. However, potential distractions from other apps on the device can be a drawback. Furthermore, some argue that the lack of physical books takes away the sensory experience and emotional connection with reading.
In my opinion, we should develop digital discipline and strike a balance by occasionally incorporating traditional books into our reading. By enjoying the benefits and minimizing the drawbacks, we can fully enjoy digital reading.
【导语】
本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生对于在英语课上，老师要求大家分组讨论使用电子设备阅读的现象这一情况，作为小组代表，写一篇短文。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
提供：offers→ provides
此外：Additionally → What’s more
增强，提高：enhances→ improves
观点：opinion→ view
2.句式拓展
合并句子
原句：Nowadays, digital reading is becoming increasingly popular. It offers several advantages and drawbacks.
合并句：Nowadays, digital reading is becoming increasingly popular, which offers several advantages and drawbacks.
【点睛】【高分句型1】On one hand, digital reading provides great convenience, allowing us to carry an entire library with us.（运用了非谓语动词中的现在分词作状语。）
【高分句型2】Furthermore, some argue that the lack of physical books takes away the sensory experience and emotional connection with reading.（运用了连接代词that引导的宾语从句。）
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Role Change
It was a Friday night, and I was just picked up from school by my uncle. He told me that my mother had been in a terrible car crash and had been taken to a nearby hospital.When we got to the hospital, my grandmother pulled me aside and said whatever I did, I mustn’t cry in front of my mother.
My mother’s room was right next to the nurses' station. As I turned into the room, I saw her lying on her side, with her tiny back to me and a pillow between her bandaged legs. She struggled to turn around but couldn’t. I slowly inched to the other side of the bed and said “hi” in a calm voice, containing my urge to cry out.
Gently holding my mother’s cold swollen hands, I tried to keep calm. She kept looking straight into my eyes as if trying to tell me how much pain she was in. I turned my face away from her, trying to hide the tears that were rolling down my face. Eventually I had to leave her for a moment because I couldn’t take it anymore. That was when it struck me that I really might lose my mother. Then I went home and cried myself to sleep.
From that night on, my life completely changed. Up to that point, I'd had the luxury of just being a kid, having to deal with my “messy” teenage life and enjoying my mother’s care. My concept of crisis was now forever changed. As my mother struggled first to stay alive and then to relearn to walk, my sense of priorities in life changed completely. My mother needed me. The trials and hardships of my daily life at school, which had seemed so important before, now appeared insignificant. My mother and I had faced death together, and life took on new meaning for both of us.
I visited my mother in the hospital as often as I could for the next two months. Finally, a sort of hospital suite (房间) was set up in our family room, and to my relief and joy, she was allowed to come home.
注意: 续写词数应为150 左右。
Her returning home was a blessing, but it meant some unfamiliar duties for me.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
My mother’s dependence on me changed our relationship.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Her returning home was a blessing, but it meant some unfamiliar duties for me. I would feed her, bathe her, and when she was eventually able to use a toilet, would help her to the bathroom. It struck me that I was pretty much playing the role of mother to my own mother. It wasn’t always much fun, but it felt good to be there when my mother really needed me. The most difficult part for me was trying to always be upbeat, and to keep my mother’s spirits up when she became frustrated with the pain. So, I always had a smile on my face.
My mother’s dependence on me changed our relationship. She was no longer the one who took care but the receiver. To get my mother back, I needed help her regain the strength and ability to continue an independent life. She had to learn to accept my help as well as the fact that I was no longer a child. Being a caregiver of my own mother taught me a lot about being a “parent”: the responsibility and the sweetness of unconditional devotion and love.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。讲述了由于母亲发生意外事故住院，作者的生活角色发生了巨大的变化，从一个无忧无虑的少年成长为照顾母亲的帮手，在这个过程中，作者也更加深刻认识到了作为父母的责任。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“她回家是一件幸事，但这对我来说意味着一些不熟悉的职责。”可知，第一段可描写作者照顾母亲的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“母亲对我的依赖改变了我们的关系。”可知，第二段可描写作者的感悟及对父母责任有了更深刻的理解。
2.续写线索：母亲住院——伤心难过——快速成长——照顾母亲——角色互换——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①我突然意识到：it struck me that/it occurred to me that
②照顾：take care/look after/attend to
③恢复：regain/resume/recover
情绪类
①乐观的：upbeat/optimistic/positive
②沮丧的：frustrated/ depressed/ downcast
【点睛】[高分句型1] It struck me that I was pretty much playing the role of mother to my own mother.（运用了it作形式主语，that引导的主语从句）
[高分句型2] She was no longer the one who took care but the receiver.（运用了关系代词who引导的定语从句）绝密★启用前
2024年高考英语4月全真模拟调研卷09（新高考I卷）解析版
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who graduated from Nanjing Normal University
A. Nancy’s mother. B. The woman. C. The man.
2. Why did the accident happen
A. One driver drove after drinking.
B. The traffic signal stopped working.
C. The drivers didn’t follow the speed limit.
3. What is the man’s opinion about his Arabic class
A. Arabic grammar is beyond his comprehension.
B. His Arabic teacher is difficult to deal with.
C. He needs time to digest the new knowledge.
4. What will Jack do next
A. Get some ingredients. B. Cook a meal. C. Walk the dog.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. Clothes. B. A plant. C. A season.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the speakers
A. In Janice’s apartment. B. In a movie theater. C. In a bookstore.
7. What do we know about Janice
A. She is hopeful about her future.
B. She hasn’t finished her novel.
C. She has been rejected by ten publishers.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. When does the woman probably get up on working days
A. At 6:00 a.m. B. At 7:10 a.m. C. At 8:20 a.m.
9. What does the woman usually have for lunch on working days
A. Mushrooms or tomatoes. B. Bacon or eggs. C. Salad or sandwiches.
10. Who is in charge of evening meals on working days
A. The woman’s husband. B. The woman’s father. C. The woman.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Why does Bruce come to Gloria
A. To issue an invitation.
B. To help her organize a school dance.
C. To inquire about studying abroad.
12. Where will Gloria be on Saturday night
A. In a restaurant. B. In a dance studio. C. At her cousin’s place.
13. What does Gloria advise Bruce to do
A. Practice tennis with her. B. Get in touch with Alice. C. Search for information online.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. How does the woman feel in Kids N Clay
A. Fairly tired. B. A bit disappointed. C. Quite pleased.
15. What quality can kids develop by working with clay according to Kevin
A. Being organized. B. Being concentrated. C. Being patient.
16. Which of the following is of considerable importance to Kevin’s career path
A. Specialized training. B. Practical experience. C. Degrees and certificates.
17. What is the secret of Kevin’s teaching
A. Showing kids every step clearly.
B. Offering kids incredible ideas.
C. Encouraging kids to release their creativity.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. When did Albert Bierstadt move to America
A. In 1830. B. In 1831. C. In 1832.
19. What did Albert Bierstadt do in 1854
A. He focused on improving his drawing skills.
B. He held exhibitions in different countries.
C. He started to work as an art teacher.
20. Why did Albert Bierstadt go to the Bahamas yearly in his old age
A. To visit his sick family member.
B. To get inspiration for his paintings.
C. To engage in environmental protection.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The following courses are what you may be interested in to expand your academic knowledge.Stanford Online
Stanford Online is the digital extension of Stanford University. You can attend free courses, browse (浏览) the content library or take the courses for credit after paying. The course instructors teach in real-time, so the options change each semester. Different programs you can pursue include graduate and professional education.Harvard University Online Courses
They offer free and paid classes with a vast subject range, including art and design, business, and computer science. The site’s search features make it easy for you to find classes to fit your schedule. You can browse courses based on your learning plans, such as scheduling classes in two weeks, three months or a year from now.Open Yale Courses
Open Yale Courses gives you free access to a wide range of Yale University’s classes. There’s no certificate, degree or course credit option available through the site because it’s exclusively a free offering for those who want to expand their academic knowledge. The available classes are classroom recordings and provide the educational material you require for increasing various skills.
MIT OpenCourseWare
It provides individuals with free access to over 2,500 of its undergraduate and graduate classes. All courses are free for users, and there’s no registration required to view and watch the lesson materials. Additionally, the site makes the video classes easy to download for you to watch offline or to share with your friends, family members or colleagues.
21. What makes Harvard University Online Courses special
A. The flexibility. B. No charge.
C. The diverse content. D. No registration.
22. Which course will you take if you don’t want a certificate
A. Stanford Online. B. Harvard University Online Courses.
C. Open Yale Courses. D. MIT OpenCourseWare.
23. What do the listed courses have in common
A. They can be learnt offline. B. They’re offered by universities.
C. They are classroom recordings. D. They are developed by students.
B
There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge.
Big challenges, however, can sometimes lead to great solutions. In the 1950s, the Egyptian government wanted to build a new dam across the Nile in order to control floods, produce electricity, and supply water to more farmers in the area. But the proposal led to protests. Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage. After listening to different voices, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.
A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics. The group asked for contributions from different departments and raised funds within the international community. Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests, and then made a proposal for how the buildings could be saved. Finally, a document was signed, and the work began in 1960.
The project brought together governments and environmentalists from around the world. Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water. In1961, German engineers moved the first temple. Over the next 20 years, thousands of engineers and workers rescued 22 temples and countless cultural relics. Fifty countries donated nearly $80 million to the project. When the project ended in 1980, it was considered a great success. Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past, but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow.
The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still alive today. If a problem seems too difficult for a single nation, the global community can sometimes provide a solution.
24. What was the major concern regarding the construction of the new dam
A. The damage to local farms.
B. The high cost of the construction.
C. The disapproval of local communities.
D. The potential harm to cultural remains.
25. How were the cultural sites rescued
A. By rebuilding similar cultural sites.
B. By building fences around them.
C. By taking them down into pieces.
D. By removing and piecing them together again.
26. Which best describes the Aswan Dam project
A. International cooperation is not necessary for large-scale projects.
B. It is possible to achieve progress without sacrificing cultural heritage.
C. The opinions of experts should be ignored in favor of popular opinion.
D. Countries should always prioritize their own interests over global concerns.
27. What is the key to the success of the Aswan Dam project
A. Trial and error. B. Adequate investment.
C. Global cooperation. D. Careful investigation.
C
Billions of people deal with a nail-biting habit at some point in their lives. Many will go to great lengths to try to stop. And while not all of us are nail-biters, most of us do have a habit we’d like to kick. So what’s the best way to break one
Research shows that intentions alone often fail to lead to long-term behavior change. This isn’t to say you can’t break a habit. Rather, by understanding the basis of habits, you can create better plans for changing them. For example, we know habits are often affected by environments and routines. Lying in bed may cause you to endlessly scroll through your phone, or watching TV on the couch may lead you to grab a sugary snack.
One of the most effective ways to manage behavior is to identify these locations or times of day. Then try to modify them by changing your routine or creating obstacles that make it more difficult to perform the habit in that space. Moving, switching jobs, or even starting a new schedule, are particularly great times to break a habit or build a new one.
One 2005 study tracked university students’ exercising, reading, and TV-watching habits before and after they transferred schools. When students were no longer around old environments and routines, their habits, even the strong ones, significantly changed.
For behaviors like nail-biting, a practice called habit reversal training can be helpful. Developed by psychologists in the 1970s, the aim is to change a habit by replacing it with another one that’s less detrimental. The training requires you to analyze and understand your habit cues, so you can effectively step in at the right times. For example, if you tend to bite your nails at work, keep a fidget toy at your desk in advance. Then, if a stressful email comes in, use the toy when you feel the urge to bite your nails.
Breaking a habit takes time, so remember to give yourself grace and have patience through the process.
28. Why does the author mention “a nail-biting habit” in Para. 1
A. To make a comparison. B. To make a conclusion.
C. To introduce the topic. D. To attract readers’ attention.
29. What is the best way to help us control our action
A. Having intentions alone. B. Understanding the basis of habits.
C. Making practical plans. D. Adapting the environments or times.
30. What does the underlined word “detrimental” in Para.5 probably mean
A. Harmful. B. Helpful.
C. Annoying. D. Time-consuming.
31. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Difficulties in dealing with nail-biting.
B. Significance of habit reversal training.
C. Useful tips on getting rid of a habit.
D. Necessity of having grace and patience.
D
Nature has the power to alter an element’s identity with time and space. This is evident by the transformative effect Britain’s deep coal mines have been showing after decades of being one of the biggest reasons for pollution. Now, they’re being employed to supply green energy to the town of Gateshead. The town is the first place to experience something like this in the country, but the success of the phenomenon has encouraged the authorities to apply it to other towns.
In 2021, coal was just producing 2% of electricity in the UK. Most of the electricity in the country is being supplied through oil and gas. This has resulted in massive abandoned coal mines all across the country. As years went by, these mines were flooded with water, making it a source of geothermal（地热的） energy, which is used to generate heat and electricity. Gateshead hosts such a mine in its town, whose council, therefore, launched a mine water project in March 2023.
The authorities put in a large central heat pump in the mine. Mine water can often sit with a temperature of 45℃. The water is then pumped using appliances to home heat pumps. The process increases the temperature further. The water then goes ahead and warms up the interior space and home water supply. After the heat from the water has been used, it’s sent back to the mine where it again goes through the same process. The project has been successful in supplying low-carbon heating to 350 high-rise buildings, a college and several office buildings.
“Recovering heat from mine water below the ground within abandoned coal mines provides an exciting opportunity to generate a low-carbon secure supply of heat, benefitting people living or working in buildings on the coalfields,” said Gareth Farr, head of heat and by-product innovation at the Coal Authority.
The water resources through the mines are estimated to be two billion cubic meters or half the amount of water in Loch Ness. Farr added, “With many millions of people living upon abandoned coalfields in Great Britain, the potential for mine water heat could be significant.”
32. What does the town of Gateshead feature
A. It’s been one of the most heavily polluted areas.
B. It has the most deep coal mines nationally.
C. It mainly relies on geothermal energy.
D. It is the first one to reuse abandoned coal mines.
33. Why were many coal mines abandoned in the UK
A. They were quite remote.
B. Prices of coal declined a lot.
C. There weren’t enough miners.
D. The UK prioritizes cleaner energy.
34. What is implied in the last paragraph
A. The number of abandoned coal mines is stably increasing.
B. The future of sourcing energy from coal mines is promising.
C. The dependence on water resources in the UK is decreasing.
D. The technique to take advantage of mine water is impressive.
35. What is the text mainly about
A. An innovative way to obtain green energy.
B. A method of living in harmony with nature.
C. A national project for abandoned facilities.
D. A discussion on the future of coal mines.
第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Protect Against Undue Influence Online
The potential for undue influence has become increasingly significant in this era of digital interconnectivity. Undue influence can affect our perceptions and influence our decisions. It may even end anger our autonomy (自主) and mental health. 36
Understand what undue influence is
The first step to protecting yourself is understanding what undue influence is. Undue influence refers to a situation in which an individual or group employs unreasonable control over another person’s behavior information, thoughts, and emotions. 37 Disinformation campaigns, persuasive advertising, and even content designed to cause fear, uncertainty, or dependency may often appear online.
Develop media literacy skills
In an age of fake news, it is crucial to develop media literacy skills. 38 Become a consumer who can tell the quality of information, identify the source, check for credibility, and look for your unconscious assumptions and preferences.
39
Delete as much data as you can about yourself. Be mindful of what information you share online, and always ensure that your online activities are secured through reliable sources. Review all policies on platforms, especially “free” ones. If you aren’t paying, then you are the product, as in many cases, they are selling your data.
By including these steps into your digital life, you can protect yourself from undue influence in the online world, ensuring that you can think and act independently, free from ill control.
40 It is your mind. Only you should control it!
A. Prioritize privacy
B. Be mindful of free ones
C. It’s vital to have a health y Internet and real-life balance.
D. In the digital world, undue influence can take many forms.
E. Everyone deserves the right to live free from undue influence.
F. They involve analyzing, evaluating, and creating media in various forms.
G. Here are some essential strategies for you to protect yourself online from undue influence.
第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Growing up on a farm, Tori James spent much of her early years outdoors, building shelters and playing in muddy streams. She 41 herself as an ambitious and adventurous child and owes the Duke of Edinburgh Award to her love for 42 . James says she could never have 43 that one day she might be the youngest British woman to 44 the peak of Mount Everest.
Today, James is a(n) 45 adventurer. Alongside her successful climb of the world’s 46 peak in 2007, she was a member of the first all-female team to 47 a tiring 650-kilometre ski race to the Magnetic North Pole in 2005, and in 2014 she set the 48 for the longest non-stop open-sea kayak crossing in UK waters.
Yet ahead of her first exploration at the age of 18, James had 49 her ability to last a month out in the cold without the comfort of a hot bath. “It’s only by 50 our comfort zone that we understand our true potential,” she explains, “That’s when the 51 happens.”
James encourages would-be adventurers not to be 52 by the conventional image of the rugged (粗犷的), hardy explorer. “I am such a believer that, with the right support and skills, everyone can bring 53 to an exploration,” she adds, “Sometimes, it’s only out in the field that someone’s 54 talents emerge, 55 in the process of exploration.”
41. A. describes B. admits C. imagines D. praises
42. A. wildlife B. science C. exploration D. competition
43. A. explained B. understood C. declared D. predicted
44. A. measure B. approach C. admire D. reach
45. A. patient B. ordinary C. professional D. honest
46. A. coldest B. highest C. prettiest D. straightest
47. A. complete B. coach C. judge D. cancel
48. A. record B. date C. goal D. standard
49. A. lost B. doubted C. limited D. developed
50. A. entering B. restoring C. leaving D. expanding
51. A. emergency B. accident C. event D. magic
52. A. pushed ahead B. kept apart C. cheered up D. put off
53. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything
54. A. academic B. creative C. hidden D. artistic
55. A. eventually B. particularly C. generally D. obviously
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Shenzhou XVII crew conducted their second spacewalk outside the Tiangong space station on Saturday, 56 (complete) the first repair operation by Chinese astronauts, according to the China Manned Space Agency.
The agency said that mission commander Tang Hongbo and crew member Jiang Xinlin 57 (return) to the Wentian science module (舱) at 1:32 pm after floating for nearly eight hours outside the huge orbital station. The 58 (three) crew member Tang Shengjie, stayed inside Tiangong to provide support.
“With the 59 (cooperate) and assistance from ground controllers and the space station’s robotic arm, the team completed all their assigned tasks 60 (successful),” the agency said. It was the 15th spacewalk 61 (carry) out by Chinese astronauts. During the spacewalk, Tang Hongbo and Jiang Xinlin repaired damage to parts on the Tianhe core module’s solar wings that was caused by tiny space debris (碎片).
The Shenzhou XVII astronauts, 62 are the sixth crew to inhabit the Tiangong space station, arrived at the enormous flying outpost on Oct. 26, 2023 to take over from their peers (同行) in the Shenzhou XVI mission.
On Dec. 21, the crew performed their first spacewalk 63 finished a host of tasks including carrying out test repairs, too. They are scheduled 64 (wrap) up their spaceflight at the end of April and will hand over the Tiangong space station 65 the Shenzhou XVIII crew before returning to Earth.
第四部分 写作(两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华，英语课上，老师要求大家分组讨论使用电子设备阅读的现象。请你作为小组代表，写一篇短文，内容包括：
1. 优点与缺点;
2. 合理建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 题目和首句已为你写好, 不计人总词数。
Make Better Use of Digital Reading
Nowadays, digital reading is becoming increasingly popular.
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第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Role Change
It was a Friday night, and I was just picked up from school by my uncle. He told me that my mother had been in a terrible car crash and had been taken to a nearby hospital.When we got to the hospital, my grandmother pulled me aside and said whatever I did, I mustn’t cry in front of my mother.
My mother’s room was right next to the nurses' station. As I turned into the room, I saw her lying on her side, with her tiny back to me and a pillow between her bandaged legs. She struggled to turn around but couldn’t. I slowly inched to the other side of the bed and said “hi” in a calm voice, containing my urge to cry out.
Gently holding my mother’s cold swollen hands, I tried to keep calm. She kept looking straight into my eyes as if trying to tell me how much pain she was in. I turned my face away from her, trying to hide the tears that were rolling down my face. Eventually I had to leave her for a moment because I couldn’t take it anymore. That was when it struck me that I really might lose my mother. Then I went home and cried myself to sleep.
From that night on, my life completely changed. Up to that point, I'd had the luxury of just being a kid, having to deal with my “messy” teenage life and enjoying my mother’s care. My concept of crisis was now forever changed. As my mother struggled first to stay alive and then to relearn to walk, my sense of priorities in life changed completely. My mother needed me. The trials and hardships of my daily life at school, which had seemed so important before, now appeared insignificant. My mother and I had faced death together, and life took on new meaning for both of us.
I visited my mother in the hospital as often as I could for the next two months. Finally, a sort of hospital suite (房间) was set up in our family room, and to my relief and joy, she was allowed to come home.
注意: 续写词数应为150 左右。
Her returning home was a blessing, but it meant some unfamiliar duties for me.
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My mother’s dependence on me changed our relationship.
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