Unit9 Sea water and rain water
本课重点 starfish competition intelligent important cover internet shower farmer crop dripping waste fix
本课难点 1. turn…off 把……关上（龙头，电器等） 2. instead of代替 3. the seafood we eat 我们吃的海鲜 4. no water to brush our teeth 没有水刷牙 5. no water to cook food 没有水烧饭 6. be important to 对……很重要
常考难点 动名词的用法 (1)除了以前出现的动名词作宾语的用法外，介词后面的宾语如果用动词，也一定要用动名词的形式。 (2)动名词的否定形式是在动名词前加上not。
考点1. competition n.竞争；竞赛，比赛
【固定搭配】be in competition with sb. for sth.为……和（某人）竞争
e. g. He was in competition with 10 others for the job. 为得到这份工作他与十个人展开竞争。
He takes part in a swimming competition.他参加游泳比赛。
考点2. intelligent adj.聪明的；有智慧的
e. g. Can you say that dolphins are much more intelligent than other animals 你能说海豚比其他动物聪明得多吗？
【知识拓展】intelligence n.智力，智能
考点3. shower v.淋浴 n. 淋浴; 淋浴装置
e. g. People use water for showering.人们用水来淋浴。
【提示】shower作动词时，相当于have showers。
考点4. internet n.因特网
e. g. -The Internet has made the world smaller.因特网使世界变小了。
-That's because it has made communication faster.那是因为它使交流变快了。
考点5.cover n. 覆盖
e. g. She covered the table with a cloth.她用一块布把桌子罩起来。
Dust covered the furniture.家具上满是灰尘。
考点6. dripping adj.滴水的，湿淋淋的
e. g. It's dripping day today.今天是个下雨天。
Is that roof still dripping 那个屋顶还漏雨吗？
He was dripping blood onto the floor.他的血正滴到地板上。
I'm dripping wet.我浑身湿透了。
考点7.fix v.修理
e. g. I asked the boy to fix the bicycle.我请这个小伙子修理自行车。
【知识拓展】repair v.修理
考点8. waste v.浪费
e. g. Eat up your rice. It’s bad to waste food.把米饭吃光，浪费粮食不好。
考点9. instead of代替
【指点迷津】instead of，instead
(1)instead of是介词短语，意为“代替；而不是”，在句中，它的后面要接其他的词或词组；
(2)而instead是副词，意为“代替；顶替”，后面不能接其他的词，一般情况下可不译出，通常放在句首或句末，表示前面的事情没做，而做了后面的事。
e. g. They bought some oranges instead of apples.他们买了一些橘子，没有买苹果。
Last night I watched TV instead of playing games. 昨天晚上我看了电视，没有玩游戏。
There's no coffee. Would you like a cup of tea instead 没有咖啡，可否来杯茶？
She didn't answer. Instead, she asked me another question.她没有回答，反而问我另外一个问题。
语法精讲
动名词的用法
(1)除了以前出现的动名词作宾语的用法外，介词后面的宾语如果用动词，也一定要用动名词的形式。
e. g. I use water for brushing my teeth. 我用水刷牙。（for是介词，所以brush要用动名词的形式）
(2)动名词的否定形式是在动名词前加上not。
e. g. We can keep healthy by not eating too much meat. 我们可以通过少吃肉的办法保持健康。
6B Unit 9 Vocabulary（牛津）
序号 英文 音标 词性 中文
1 starfish / sta:fi / n. 海星
2 sea horse / si:h :s/ n. 海马
3 competition / k mp t n/ n. 竞赛；比赛
4 stream /stri:m/ n. 小河；溪流
5 whale /weil/ n. 鲸
6 dolphin / d lfin/ n. 海豚
7 shark / a:k/ n. 鲨鱼
8 intelligent /m'telid nt/ adj. 聪明的
9 fisherman / fi m n/ n. 渔夫
10 important /im p :tnt/ adj. 重要的
11 cover / k v (r)/ v. 覆盖
12 Internet / int net/ n. 互联网
13 shower / au (r)/ n. 淋浴
14 farmer / fɑ m / n. 农场主；农夫
15 crop /kr p/ n. 农作物
16 dropping / dripi / adj. 滴（漏）水的
17 tap /t p/ n. 龙头
18 running / r ni / adj 流动的
19 waste /weist/ v. 浪费
20 fix /fiks/ v. 修理
21 turn off 关掉
22 instead of 代替
2）6B U9词性转换整理
序号 单词 词性 释义
1 importance n. 重要
important a. 重要的
2 pollution n. 污染
pollute v. 污染
3 interest n. 兴趣
interesting a. 有趣的；有意思的
interested a. 感兴趣的
5 cover v. 覆盖
covering n. 掩蔽物；遮盖物
6 intelligence n. 智力；脑力
intelligent a. 聪明的
7 fish v. n. 钓鱼 鱼
fisherman n. 渔夫
fishermen n. 渔夫(复数）
9 farm n. 农场
farmer n. 农夫
10 drip v. 滴水
dripping a. 滴水的
一、单项选择
1．She wants ________ the hamburger, but she can’t finish ________ it because she’s not very hungry (饥饿的).
A．to eat; to eat B．eating; to eat C．to eat; eating D．eating, eating
2．—What about ________ to see our grandparents this Saturday
—Good idea.
A．going B．to go C．go D．goes
3．—Dad, what about ________ to see our grandparents this Sunday
—Good idea.
A．go B．to go C．going D．goes
4．Bill’s mother likes ________ and she always ________ in the library.
A．read; reads B．reading; reads
C．reading; read D．read; read
5．—What about ______ to the library
—Sounds great!
A．go B．goes C．to go D．going
6．—Peter, I have a new basketball. Let’s _________ basketball.
—It’s boring. What about _________ ping-pong
A．play; play B．playing; play
C．play; playing D．playing; playing
7．Jack finishes _______ his homework at six every day, and then he reads newspapers.
A．do B．does C．doing D．to do
8．—Do you eat ice-cream after dinner
—No. Dad says I must have healthy ________ habits.
A．eating B．eats C．eat D．to eat
9．—Do you finish ________ your homework, David
—No, but I want ________ dinner first, dad.
A．to do; eating B．doing; eating C．doing; to eat D．to do; to eat
10．My classmates are interested in ________ a story about a horse named Black Beauty.
A．read B．to read C．reading D．reads
11．My classmates often have fun ________ snowmen.
A．make B．to make C．making D．makes
12．I’ll go to France next month. I am looking forward to ________ it.
A．visiting B．visit C．visits D．visited
13．—Do you finish ________ your homework, Cindy
—No, I want __________ dinner first, Mum.
A．to do; having B．doing; having C．doing; to have D．to do; to have
14．Do you look forward to ________ a brother or sister
A．have B．not have C．having D．had
15．I know English is very important, so I practice ________ it very hard.
A．speak B．speaking C．speaks D．to speak
16．—Next Saturday is Mom’s birthday.
—What about ________ some fruit for her
A．sell B．selling C．buy D．buying
17．—What about ________ a basketball match this evening
—Good idea.
A．watching B．watch C．look D．looking
18．Thank you for ________ 120 for my brother. He’s fine now.
A．call B．calling C．e-mail D．e-mailing
19．Thanks for ________ me to carry the heavy box.
A．helped B．help C．helping D．to help
20．We must stop ________ down trees if we want a green world.
A．cut B．to cut C．cutting D．cuts
二、阅读理解
Choose the best answer. (选择最恰当的答案)
Water is all around us. Water is in the sea, lakes and rivers. Water is in the air. All living things need water to live. Sometimes, we don’t have all the water that we need. The earth will dry up without water. Sometimes, there is too much water on the earth. If it rains very, very hard, the rain water will run down the hills. It takes some of the land away with it when it runs down the hills. It is called erosion (侵蚀) when the water takes the earth away.
Water on the earth will cycles (循环). It goes from the sea to the air to make clouds. The clouds in the air are made of water. Sometimes the water falls down from the clouds. It makes rain. The rain falls onto the earth. Some of it goes into the ground. Some of it washes down and goes back into the sea. Some water that is not rain or snow falls down from the clouds. Some of this water is sleet (雨夹雪). The sleet is made of little pieces of ice. Some water that is not rain or snow or sleet falls down from the clouds. Some of this water is hail. The hail is made of ice balls!
21．How does the erosion happen
A．The water takes the earth away. B．The water runs down the hills.
C．There is too much water on the land. D．The rain water flows into the sea.
22．According to the passage, we know that ________.
A．water is not around us B．water is only in the air
C．the earth will dry up without water D．only plants need water
23．Which of the following shows the water cycle
A．water from the sea→ air→ clouds → rain→ on the earth →sea
B．water from the clouds →rain → on the earth → hail →sea
C．water from the clouds → snow → on the earth → sea
D．water from the sea → rain → on the earth → river → sea →hail
24．Water in the air may form ________.
A．rain B．sleet C．hail D．all of the above
25．What does the word “hail” mean in Chinese
A．冰雹 B．霜 C．大雨 D．暴雨
26．The best title of this passage should be ________.
A．Water is important B．Water goes up and comes down
C．Water is precious D．Water, rain and snow
三、完形填空
Venice is the “Queen of the Adriatic Sea”. Every year thousands of people 27 to the city. Venice is a beautiful city of 28 . And it is very 29 other cities because you can’t 30 any roads in Venice, and there are not any cars or buses in the city. But there are many rivers in Venice. There is one big river and 177 31 ones there. People take 32 up and down the rivers to all places in the city.
But now Venice has a big 33 —the land is going down and the water is going up. Some 34 say that in 2040 Venice will be under water. The sea will cover the city. The people of Venice love their home and they want to stay there. They think of many plans to 35 the city. One of them is to make some walls and gates in the sea around the city. These can 36 the sea water from going into the city. So, if you go to Venice after 2040, you will see the city still there.
27．A．like B．play C．travel D．lie
28．A．flowers B．water C．woods D．mountains
29．A．next to B．close to C．far from D．different from
30．A．look B．find C．go D．come
31．A．small B．clean C．large D．low
32．A．cars B．bikes C．boats D．motorbikes
33．A．question B．problem C．city D．road
34．A．teachers B．workers C．scientists D．doctors
35．A．love B．enjoy C．watch D．save
36．A．make B．take C．stop D．let
四、任务型阅读
The world is not only hungry, but also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 70% of the earth’s surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%—the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground and other sources (来源), and we cannot even use all of that. Even worse, some of it has been polluted.
However, as things stand today(以目前的情况来看), this small amount of fresh water is still enough for us. But our need for water is increasing quickly—almost day by day. We should take steps to deal with this problem now and in this way we can get away from a serious world—wide water shortage (短缺) later on.
We all have to learn how to stop wasting our precious water. One of the first steps we should take is to develop ways of reusing it. Today in most large cities, water is used only once and then sent out into a sewer (污水管) system. From there it returns to sea or runs into underground places.
But even if(即使) every large city reused its water, we still would not have enough. All we’d have to do to make use of sea water in the world is to take away the salt. If we take these steps, we'll be in no danger of drying up.
37．Where does the fresh water come from
38．Is our need for water becoming larger and larger or smaller and smaller
39．Our world isn’t thirsty for water, is it
40．Why should we take steps to deal with this problem
41．What happens to water in most large cities today
42．Can we stop wasting our precious water Which step can we take to deal with the problem
五、书面表达
43．请以“How to protect the water”为题写一篇短文，词数80左右。应包括以下信息点：
1. 水对人类很重要，我们的生活离不开水。
2. 目前水污染严重，可饮用水正在减少。
3. 我们应如何保护水资源？（1）不要浪费水；（2）循环利用水。
【点拨】
谋篇布局
1. 人称：第一、三人称
2. 时态：一般现在时、现在进行时
好词
1. waste a lot of water浪费很多水
2. care about关注
3. pour dirty water into rivers and lakes把脏水倒入河水和湖水中
4. have/take a shower淋浴
5. have a bath洗澡
6. as we all know众所周知
好句
1. People can’t live without water.人们离开水是无法生存的。
2. There is less and less drinkable water on Earth.地球上的可饮用水越来越少。
3. Water pollution is getting more and more serious.水污染越来越严重。
牛刀小试
How to protect the water
As we all know, water is very important in our daily life.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．C
【详解】句意：她想吃汉堡，但她吃不完，因为她不是很饿。
考查非谓语动词。根据“wants”可知后接不定式作宾语，want to do“想要做某事”；根据“finish”可知后接动名词作宾语，finish doing sth“完成做某事”，因此填动名词形式。故选C。
2．A
【详解】句意：——这个星期六去看我们的祖父母怎么样 ——好主意。
考查动名词的用法。going去，动名词；to go动词不定式；go动词原形；goes一般现在时单三形式。What about表示 “……怎么样”，后面接动名词作宾语。故选A。
3．C
【详解】句意：——爸爸，这个星期天去看我们的祖父母怎么样？——好主意。
考查非谓语。about是介词，后接动名词作宾语，故选C。
4．B
【详解】句意：比尔的妈妈喜欢读书，她总是在图书馆读书。
考查非谓语动词以及动词时态。like doing sth“喜欢做某事”，动名词作宾语，根据she以及always可知，第二空填动词三单，故选B。
5．D
【详解】句意：——去图书馆怎么样？——听起来很棒！
考查非谓语。about是介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故选D。
6．C
【详解】句意：——彼得，我有一个新篮球。让我们打篮球吧。——太无聊了。打乒乓球怎么样？
考查非谓语动词。let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，排除BD；介词about后加动名词。故选C。
7．C
【详解】句意：杰克每天六点做完作业，然后看报纸。
考查非谓语动词。根据finish doing sth.“做完某事”可知，应用动名词作宾语。故选C。
8．A
【详解】句意：——晚饭后你吃冰激凌吗？——没有。爸爸说我必须有健康的饮食习惯。
考查动名词。此处表示“饮食习惯”，英文表达为eating habit。故选A。
9．C
【详解】句意：——你做完作业了吗，大卫？——不，但我想先吃晚饭，爸爸。
考查非谓语动词。finish doing sth“结束做某事”，want to do sth“想要做某事”，故选C。
10．C
【详解】句意：我的同学们有兴趣读一个关于一匹名叫黑美人的马的故事。
考查非谓语动词。根据be interested in doing sth.“对做某事感兴趣”可知，应用动名词reading。故选C。
11．C
【详解】句意：我的同学们经常堆雪人玩得很愉快。
考查动名词作宾语的用法。have fun doing sth.意为“做某事很开心”，固定搭配。故选C。
12．A
【详解】句意：下个月我将去法国。我正期待着参观法国。
考查固定搭配。look forward to doing sth.是固定搭配，表示“期望做某事”，需填动名词visiting。故选A。
13．C
【详解】句意：——辛迪，你的作业做完了吗？——没有，我想先吃晚饭，妈妈。
考查非谓语动词。第一空，根据“finish”可知，finish doing sth.意为“完成做某事”，此空应填动词ing形式；第二空，根据“want”可知，want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”；此空应填to do形式。故选C。
14．C
【详解】句意：你期待有一个弟弟或者妹妹吗？
考查非谓语。look forward to“盼望、期待”，to是介词，后跟动名词，故选C。
15．B
【详解】句意：英语很重要，所以我很努力地练习说英语。
考查非谓语动词。practice doing“练习做某事”，故用动名词speaking作宾语。故选B。
16．D
【详解】句意：——下星期六是妈妈的生日。——给她买些水果怎么样？
考查动词辨析和非谓语动词。sell卖；buy买。根据“Next Saturday is Mom’s birthday.”可知，是指给妈妈买点水果，排除AB；about是介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故选D。
17．A
【详解】句意：——今晚看一场篮球赛怎么样？——好主意。
考查动词辨析及动名词。watch观看（强调专注地看，如看电视、看比赛）；look看（强调看的动作）。根据“What about...a basketball match”可知，空前是介词about，空处应是动名词，此处指“观看比赛”，watching符合语境。故选A。
18．B
【详解】句意：谢谢你为我弟弟打120。他现在已经好了。
考查动词。call给……打电话；e-mail给……发邮件。根据句意可知，拨打120电话，应用call，并且Thank you for doing sth表示“因某事感谢某人”，for为介词，其后的动词应用动名词形式。故选B。
19．C
【详解】句意：谢谢你帮我搬这个重箱子。
考查非谓语动词。for介词，后接动名词形式，故选C。
20．C
【详解】
句意：如果想要一个绿色的世界，我们就必须停止伐树。
考查非谓语动词。stop doing sth.停止做某事；stop to do sth.停下来去做某事。根据“if we want a green world”可知，此处表示停止砍伐树木，应用stop cutting down trees。故选C。
21．A 22．C 23．A 24．D 25．A 26．B
【导语】本文主要介绍水的利与害，以及水循环。
21．细节理解题。根据“If it rains very, very hard, the rain water will run down the hills. It takes some of the land away with it when it runs down the hills. It is called erosion (侵蚀) when the water takes the earth away.”可知，当雨下得很大，会带走土地，从而形成侵蚀。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据“The earth will dry up without water.”可知，没有水的话，地球会干涸。故选C。
23．细节理解题。根据第二段“Water on the earth will cycles...The hail is made of ice balls!(地球上的水永远不会枯竭。从大洋中来的水到空气中形成云。然后从云中降落到陆地上。从陆地上又一次流到海洋。空气中的云是由水组成的。)”可知，这是完整的水循环。故选A。
24．细节理解题。根据“Sometimes the water falls down from the clouds. It makes rain...Some of this water is hail. The hail is made of ice balls!. ”可知，空气中的水可能会形成雨、雨夹雪或冰雹。故选D。
25．词义猜测题。根据“The hail is made of ice balls!”可知，“hail”是冰球，所以是冰雹。故选A。
26．最佳标题题。根据全文，可知，文章主要讲水的利与害，以及水循环。故选B。
27．C 28．B 29．D 30．B 31．A 32．C 33．B 34．C 35．D 36．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了威尼斯地理特点及面临的问题。
27．句意：每年成千上万的人到这个城市旅行。
like喜欢；play玩；travel旅行；lie躺。根据全文可知，每年有很多人去威尼斯旅行，故选C。
28．句意：因为威尼斯是一个美丽的水上城市。
flowers花；water水；woods树林；mountains山。根据下文“But there are many rivers in Venice.”可知，威尼斯是一个水上之城，故选B。
29．句意：它和其他城市非常不同，因为你在威尼斯找不到公路。
next to紧挨着；close to接近；far from远离；different from与……不同。根据“But there are many rivers in Venice.”可知，威尼斯有很多的河流，这跟大多数城市是不一样的，故选D。
30．句意：它和其他城市非常不同，因为你在威尼斯找不到公路。
look看；find找到；go去；come来。根据“and there aren’t any cars and buses in the city. ”可知，威尼斯没有汽车或公交，所以找不到道路，只有选项B符合语境，故选B。
31．句意：那里有一条大河和177条小河。
small小的；clean干净的；large巨大的；low低的。根据“one big river”可知，有一条大河对应着177条小河，只有选项A符合语境，故选A。
32．句意：人们乘船上下河到城市的各个地方。
cars小汽车；bikes自行车；boats船；motorbikes摩托车。根据上文可知，威尼斯没有路，有很多河流，所以人们是乘船出行，故选C。
33．句意：但是现在威尼斯有一个大问题：陆地在下沉，水面在上升。
question问题；problem难题；city城市；road公路。根据“the land is going down and the water is going up.”可知，陆地在下沉，水面在上升，这对威尼斯来说是个大难题，故选B。
34．句意：一些科学家说威尼斯在2040年将被淹没。
teachers老师；workers工人；scientists科学家；doctors医生。根据“in 2040 Venice will be under water. ”可知，威尼斯在2040年将被淹没，这是科学家的预测，只有选项C符合语境，故选C。
35．句意：他们想到很多计划来挽救这座城市。
love热爱；enjoy欣赏；watch观看；save挽救。上文提到，威尼斯将被淹没，所以人们需要想办法拯救，只有选项D符合语境，故选D。
36．句意：这些可以阻止海水进入城市。
make制作；take拿走；stop阻止；let让。根据“from going into the city.”及前文可知，人们采取方法来阻止威尼斯被水淹没，故选C。
37．From rivers, lakes, underground and other sources. 38．Larger and larger. 39．Yes. 40．Because in this way we can get away from a serious world—wide water shortage later on. 41．Water is used only once and then sent out into a sewer system.
42．Yes, we can. We can develop ways of reusing water.(言之有理即可)
【导语】本文主要介绍的是全球水资源缺乏的问题以及解决措施。
37．根据“the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground and other sources”可知，淡水来自河流，湖泊，地下和其他来源，故填From rivers, lakes, underground and other sources.
38．根据“But our need for water is increasing quickly—almost day by day”可知，我们对水资源的需求越来越大，故填Larger and larger.
39．根据“The world is not only hungry, but also thirsty for water.”可知，世界不仅饥饿，而且缺水，故填Yes.
40．根据“We should take steps to deal with this problem now and in this way we can get away from a serious world—wide water shortage (短缺) later on”可知，因为这样我们以后就可以摆脱严重的世界性缺水问题，故填Because in this way we can get away from a serious world—wide water shortage later on.
41．根据“Today in most large cities, water is used only once and then sent out into a sewer (污水管) system. From there it returns to sea or runs into underground places.”可知，在大城市里，水只会被用一次，然后被排放到污水管中，这就是大城市中水的利用现状。故填Water is used only once and then sent out into a sewer system.
42．开放性题，答案合理即可。参考答案为：Yes, we can. We can develop ways of reusing water.
43．例文
How to protect the water
As we all know, water is very important in our daily life. We use water to wash things, cook food and make machines. People can’t live without water.
But some people don’t seem to care about it. Therefore, water pollution is getting more and more serious. There is less and less drinkable water on Earth.
So we should do something to protect water. First, don’t leave the tap running when we don’t need to use water. Second, try to reuse water. When we finish washing the clothes, we can use the water to clean the floor. Third, we can have a shower instead of a bath.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：时态为一般现在时；
③提示：根据提示内容介绍如何保护水资源，适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍水对人类的重要性；
第二步，介绍目前的水污染情况；
第三步，介绍我们应如何保护水资源。
[亮点词汇]
①care about关心
②have a shower淋浴
③instead of而不是
[高分句型]
①There is less and less drinkable water on Earth. (There be句型)
②When we finish washing the clothes, we can use the water to clean the floor. (when引导的时间状语从句)Unit9 Sea water and rain water
本课重点 starfish competition intelligent important cover internet shower farmer crop dripping waste fix
本课难点 1. turn…off 把……关上（龙头，电器等） 2. instead of代替 3. the seafood we eat 我们吃的海鲜 4. no water to brush our teeth 没有水刷牙 5. no water to cook food 没有水烧饭 6. be important to 对……很重要
常考难点 动名词的用法 (1)除了以前出现的动名词作宾语的用法外，介词后面的宾语如果用动词，也一定要用动名词的形式。 (2)动名词的否定形式是在动名词前加上not。
考点1. competition n.竞争；竞赛，比赛
【固定搭配】be in competition with sb. for sth.为……和（某人）竞争
e. g. He was in competition with 10 others for the job. 为得到这份工作他与十个人展开竞争。
He takes part in a swimming competition.他参加游泳比赛。
考点2. intelligent adj.聪明的；有智慧的
e. g. Can you say that dolphins are much more intelligent than other animals 你能说海豚比其他动物聪明得多吗？
【知识拓展】intelligence n.智力，智能
考点3. shower v.淋浴 n. 淋浴; 淋浴装置
e. g. People use water for showering.人们用水来淋浴。
【提示】shower作动词时，相当于have showers。
考点4. internet n.因特网
e. g. -The Internet has made the world smaller.因特网使世界变小了。
-That's because it has made communication faster.那是因为它使交流变快了。
考点5.cover n. 覆盖
e. g. She covered the table with a cloth.她用一块布把桌子罩起来。
Dust covered the furniture.家具上满是灰尘。
考点6. dripping adj.滴水的，湿淋淋的
e. g. It's dripping day today.今天是个下雨天。
Is that roof still dripping 那个屋顶还漏雨吗？
He was dripping blood onto the floor.他的血正滴到地板上。
I'm dripping wet.我浑身湿透了。
考点7.fix v.修理
e. g. I asked the boy to fix the bicycle.我请这个小伙子修理自行车。
【知识拓展】repair v.修理
考点8. waste v.浪费
e. g. Eat up your rice. It’s bad to waste food.把米饭吃光，浪费粮食不好。
考点9. instead of代替
【指点迷津】instead of，instead
(1)instead of是介词短语，意为“代替；而不是”，在句中，它的后面要接其他的词或词组；
(2)而instead是副词，意为“代替；顶替”，后面不能接其他的词，一般情况下可不译出，通常放在句首或句末，表示前面的事情没做，而做了后面的事。
e. g. They bought some oranges instead of apples.他们买了一些橘子，没有买苹果。
Last night I watched TV instead of playing games. 昨天晚上我看了电视，没有玩游戏。
There's no coffee. Would you like a cup of tea instead 没有咖啡，可否来杯茶？
She didn't answer. Instead, she asked me another question.她没有回答，反而问我另外一个问题。
语法精讲
动名词的用法
(1)除了以前出现的动名词作宾语的用法外，介词后面的宾语如果用动词，也一定要用动名词的形式。
e. g. I use water for brushing my teeth. 我用水刷牙。（for是介词，所以brush要用动名词的形式）
(2)动名词的否定形式是在动名词前加上not。
e. g. We can keep healthy by not eating too much meat. 我们可以通过少吃肉的办法保持健康。
6B Unit 9 Vocabulary（牛津）
序号 英文 音标 词性 中文
1 starfish / sta:fi / n. 海星
2 sea horse / si:h :s/ n. 海马
3 competition / k mp t n/ n. 竞赛；比赛
4 stream /stri:m/ n. 小河；溪流
5 whale /weil/ n. 鲸
6 dolphin / d lfin/ n. 海豚
7 shark / a:k/ n. 鲨鱼
8 intelligent /m'telid nt/ adj. 聪明的
9 fisherman / fi m n/ n. 渔夫
10 important /im p :tnt/ adj. 重要的
11 cover / k v (r)/ v. 覆盖
12 Internet / int net/ n. 互联网
13 shower / au (r)/ n. 淋浴
14 farmer / fɑ m / n. 农场主；农夫
15 crop /kr p/ n. 农作物
16 dropping / dripi / adj. 滴（漏）水的
17 tap /t p/ n. 龙头
18 running / r ni / adj 流动的
19 waste /weist/ v. 浪费
20 fix /fiks/ v. 修理
21 turn off 关掉
22 instead of 代替
2）6B U9词性转换整理
序号 单词 词性 释义
1 importance n. 重要
important a. 重要的
2 pollution n. 污染
pollute v. 污染
3 interest n. 兴趣
interesting a. 有趣的；有意思的
interested a. 感兴趣的
5 cover v. 覆盖
covering n. 掩蔽物；遮盖物
6 intelligence n. 智力；脑力
intelligent a. 聪明的
7 fish v. n. 钓鱼 鱼
fisherman n. 渔夫
fishermen n. 渔夫(复数）
9 farm n. 农场
farmer n. 农夫
10 drip v. 滴水
dripping a. 滴水的
一、单项选择
1．She wants ________ the hamburger, but she can’t finish ________ it because she’s not very hungry (饥饿的).
A．to eat; to eat B．eating; to eat C．to eat; eating D．eating, eating
2．—What about ________ to see our grandparents this Saturday
—Good idea.
A．going B．to go C．go D．goes
3．—Dad, what about ________ to see our grandparents this Sunday
—Good idea.
A．go B．to go C．going D．goes
4．Bill’s mother likes ________ and she always ________ in the library.
A．read; reads B．reading; reads
C．reading; read D．read; read
5．—What about ______ to the library
—Sounds great!
A．go B．goes C．to go D．going
6．—Peter, I have a new basketball. Let’s _________ basketball.
—It’s boring. What about _________ ping-pong
A．play; play B．playing; play
C．play; playing D．playing; playing
7．Jack finishes _______ his homework at six every day, and then he reads newspapers.
A．do B．does C．doing D．to do
8．—Do you eat ice-cream after dinner
—No. Dad says I must have healthy ________ habits.
A．eating B．eats C．eat D．to eat
9．—Do you finish ________ your homework, David
—No, but I want ________ dinner first, dad.
A．to do; eating B．doing; eating C．doing; to eat D．to do; to eat
10．My classmates are interested in ________ a story about a horse named Black Beauty.
A．read B．to read C．reading D．reads
11．My classmates often have fun ________ snowmen.
A．make B．to make C．making D．makes
12．I’ll go to France next month. I am looking forward to ________ it.
A．visiting B．visit C．visits D．visited
13．—Do you finish ________ your homework, Cindy
—No, I want __________ dinner first, Mum.
A．to do; having B．doing; having C．doing; to have D．to do; to have
14．Do you look forward to ________ a brother or sister
A．have B．not have C．having D．had
15．I know English is very important, so I practice ________ it very hard.
A．speak B．speaking C．speaks D．to speak
16．—Next Saturday is Mom’s birthday.
—What about ________ some fruit for her
A．sell B．selling C．buy D．buying
17．—What about ________ a basketball match this evening
—Good idea.
A．watching B．watch C．look D．looking
18．Thank you for ________ 120 for my brother. He’s fine now.
A．call B．calling C．e-mail D．e-mailing
19．Thanks for ________ me to carry the heavy box.
A．helped B．help C．helping D．to help
20．We must stop ________ down trees if we want a green world.
A．cut B．to cut C．cutting D．cuts
二、阅读理解
Choose the best answer. (选择最恰当的答案)
Water is all around us. Water is in the sea, lakes and rivers. Water is in the air. All living things need water to live. Sometimes, we don’t have all the water that we need. The earth will dry up without water. Sometimes, there is too much water on the earth. If it rains very, very hard, the rain water will run down the hills. It takes some of the land away with it when it runs down the hills. It is called erosion (侵蚀) when the water takes the earth away.
Water on the earth will cycles (循环). It goes from the sea to the air to make clouds. The clouds in the air are made of water. Sometimes the water falls down from the clouds. It makes rain. The rain falls onto the earth. Some of it goes into the ground. Some of it washes down and goes back into the sea. Some water that is not rain or snow falls down from the clouds. Some of this water is sleet (雨夹雪). The sleet is made of little pieces of ice. Some water that is not rain or snow or sleet falls down from the clouds. Some of this water is hail. The hail is made of ice balls!
21．How does the erosion happen
A．The water takes the earth away. B．The water runs down the hills.
C．There is too much water on the land. D．The rain water flows into the sea.
22．According to the passage, we know that ________.
A．water is not around us B．water is only in the air
C．the earth will dry up without water D．only plants need water
23．Which of the following shows the water cycle
A．water from the sea→ air→ clouds → rain→ on the earth →sea
B．water from the clouds →rain → on the earth → hail →sea
C．water from the clouds → snow → on the earth → sea
D．water from the sea → rain → on the earth → river → sea →hail
24．Water in the air may form ________.
A．rain B．sleet C．hail D．all of the above
25．What does the word “hail” mean in Chinese
A．冰雹 B．霜 C．大雨 D．暴雨
26．The best title of this passage should be ________.
A．Water is important B．Water goes up and comes down
C．Water is precious D．Water, rain and snow
三、完形填空
Venice is the “Queen of the Adriatic Sea”. Every year thousands of people 27 to the city. Venice is a beautiful city of 28 . And it is very 29 other cities because you can’t 30 any roads in Venice, and there are not any cars or buses in the city. But there are many rivers in Venice. There is one big river and 177 31 ones there. People take 32 up and down the rivers to all places in the city.
But now Venice has a big 33 —the land is going down and the water is going up. Some 34 say that in 2040 Venice will be under water. The sea will cover the city. The people of Venice love their home and they want to stay there. They think of many plans to 35 the city. One of them is to make some walls and gates in the sea around the city. These can 36 the sea water from going into the city. So, if you go to Venice after 2040, you will see the city still there.
27．A．like B．play C．travel D．lie
28．A．flowers B．water C．woods D．mountains
29．A．next to B．close to C．far from D．different from
30．A．look B．find C．go D．come
31．A．small B．clean C．large D．low
32．A．cars B．bikes C．boats D．motorbikes
33．A．question B．problem C．city D．road
34．A．teachers B．workers C．scientists D．doctors
35．A．love B．enjoy C．watch D．save
36．A．make B．take C．stop D．let
四、任务型阅读
The world is not only hungry, but also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 70% of the earth’s surface is covered with water. But about 97% of this huge amount is sea water, or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%—the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground and other sources (来源), and we cannot even use all of that. Even worse, some of it has been polluted.
However, as things stand today(以目前的情况来看), this small amount of fresh water is still enough for us. But our need for water is increasing quickly—almost day by day. We should take steps to deal with this problem now and in this way we can get away from a serious world—wide water shortage (短缺) later on.
We all have to learn how to stop wasting our precious water. One of the first steps we should take is to develop ways of reusing it. Today in most large cities, water is used only once and then sent out into a sewer (污水管) system. From there it returns to sea or runs into underground places.
But even if(即使) every large city reused its water, we still would not have enough. All we’d have to do to make use of sea water in the world is to take away the salt. If we take these steps, we'll be in no danger of drying up.
37．Where does the fresh water come from
38．Is our need for water becoming larger and larger or smaller and smaller
39．Our world isn’t thirsty for water, is it
40．Why should we take steps to deal with this problem
41．What happens to water in most large cities today
42．Can we stop wasting our precious water Which step can we take to deal with the problem
五、书面表达
43．请以“How to protect the water”为题写一篇短文，词数80左右。应包括以下信息点：
1. 水对人类很重要，我们的生活离不开水。
2. 目前水污染严重，可饮用水正在减少。
3. 我们应如何保护水资源？（1）不要浪费水；（2）循环利用水。
【点拨】
谋篇布局
1. 人称：第一、三人称
2. 时态：一般现在时、现在进行时
好词
1. waste a lot of water浪费很多水
2. care about关注
3. pour dirty water into rivers and lakes把脏水倒入河水和湖水中
4. have/take a shower淋浴
5. have a bath洗澡
6. as we all know众所周知
好句
1. People can’t live without water.人们离开水是无法生存的。
2. There is less and less drinkable water on Earth.地球上的可饮用水越来越少。
3. Water pollution is getting more and more serious.水污染越来越严重。
牛刀小试
How to protect the water
As we all know, water is very important in our daily life.
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