Unit10 Forests and land
本课重点 forest hollow area provide build wood furniture clay wool cotton plastic oi1 metal ground sand
本课难点 1. stop doing something 停止做某事 2. be made of… 由……制成的 3.to make是不定式表示目的。 4.use…to make…意为‘‘用……，来做……”
常考难点 1. be made of与be made from的用法 2. 名词通过加上词缀变成形容词 3. 感官动词
考点1. area n.地区；区域
e. g. We are going to build a school in this area.我们准备在这个区域内建一所学校。
In some areas, there are small schools for a few farm families, and the children walk to school.
有些地区，设有小规模的学校为少数几个农民家庭服务，孩子们走着去上学。
【知识拓展】近义：district n.地区；区域；地方
考点2. forest n.森林
e. g. -Forests are home to many animals and plants.森林是许多动植物的家园。
-We must take care of our forests.我们必须爱护我们的森林。
考点3. provide v.提供；供应
【常用搭配】provide sth. for sb.为某人提供某物 provide sb. with sth.给某人提供某物
e. g. They provide us with food.他们供给我们食物。
We provided food for the hungry children.我们为饥饿的孩子们提供食物。
考点4.wood n.木头
e. g. -What's this table made of 这张桌子是什么做的？
-It's made of wood.它是由木头做的。
wooden adj.木质的
e. g. wooden chairs木椅 wooden chopsticks木筷
考点5.build v.建造
e. g. The workers are building a new bridge over the river.工人们正在河上建一座新桥。
【知识拓展】building n.建筑物
e. g. Our office is in that tall building.我们的办公室在那栋高楼里。
考点6. wool n.羊毛；毛制品；毛线
e. g. The dress was made of wool.这条连衣裙是羊毛做的。
woolen adj.羊毛的；毛纺的
e. g. This is a woollen coa.这是一件羊毛上衣。
考点7. oi1 n.
(1)油，食用油
e. g. -How do you like this dish 这道菜怎么样？
-There's too much oil in it.油太多了。
(2)石油
e. g. This area is rich in oil and gas.这个地区石油和天然气很丰富。
【记忆链接】oil painting油画 cooking oil烹调用油 vegetable oil植物油
考点8. ground n.地面
e. g. -Why are you lying on the ground 你怎么躺在地上呀？
-I've hurt my leg! 我的腿受伤了。
考点9.sand n.沙子，沙滩
e. g. -It's nice to lie on the warm sand after swimming.游泳后躺在暖暖的沙滩上真舒服。
-Yes. The sand here is very clean.是啊，这儿的沙很干净。
考点10. chopstick n.
e. g. Small children can't use chopsticks well.小孩子用不好筷子。
【百科小贴士】在中国、日本、朝鲜和韩国，筷子是最常用的餐具。西方人进餐时用刀叉。在有的国家，人们吃饭直接用手，而不用任何餐具。
考点11. material n.原料；材料
e. g. People use oil as material to make plastic.人们将石油用作原料制造塑料。
The writer is collecting material for his new book.这位作家正在为他的新书搜集素材。
语法精讲
1. be made of与be made from的用法
这是被动语态的结构，表示由……制作而成，但两个词组的意思是不同的：be made of所提到的材料在制成成品时还能看出来，而be made from所提到的材料通常是看不出来的，即成品已经完全看不出原料的样子。
e. g. The belt is made of leather.这根腰带是由皮革制成的。（皮革被做成腰带后还是看得出是皮的）
Bread is made from wheat.面包是由小麦做的。（小麦做成面包后已经看不出小麦的样子了）
The outside of the building is made of glass.这幢建筑的外层是由玻璃制成的。
Glass is made from stones and sand.玻璃是由砂石制成的。
2. 名词通过加上词缀变成形容词
有些形容词是由名词演变过来的
(1)有些形容词是由名词加上en构成的，表示“由……制成的”。
e. g. wool →woolen，英式拼法为woollen, wood →wooden, gold →golden。
(2)有些形容词是由名词加上ful构成的。
e. g. beauty →beautiful, care →careful。
(3)有些形容词是由名词加上less构成的，表示‘‘无，没有……”。
e. g. care →careless, hope →hopeless。
(4)有些形容词是由名词加上y构成的。
e. g. sun →sunny, wind →windy
3. 感官动词
感官动词包括：look（看），sound（听），smell（闻），taste（尝），feel（摸，感觉）；在解释为“看上去，听上去，闻上去，摸上去”等时都是连系动词，相当于be动词的用法，后面跟形容词，而不是副词。
比较：She looks very sad. 她看上去很悲伤。（看上去的样子）
She looks sadly at me. 她很悲伤地看着我。（强调怎样看）
6B Unit 10Vocabulary（牛津）
序号 英文 音标 词性 中文
1 forest / f r st/ n. 森林
2 area / e ri / n. 地区
3 provide /pr va d/ v. 供给
4 build /b ld/ v. 建造
5 wood /w d/ n. 木头
6 cut down 砍倒
7 furniture / f :n t (r)/ n. 家具
8 a piece of furniture 一件家具
9 wool /w l/ n. 羊毛
10 cotton / k tn/ n. 棉花
11 plastic / pl st k/ n.&adj. 塑料（的）
12 oil / l / n. 油；石油
13 metal / metl / n.&adj. 金属（的）
14 ground /gra nd / n. 土地
15 sand /s nd/ n. 沙
16 material /m t ri l/ n. 材料
17 (be) made of 由......制成的
18 wooden / w dn/ adj. 木制的
19 woollen / w l n/ adj. 毛纺的；羊毛的
Part 3 词汇语法复习
一、6B U10词性转换整理
1 build v. 建造
building n. 建筑物，大楼
2 wood n. 木头
wooden adj. 木制的
3 wool n. 羊毛
woollen adj. 毛纺的，羊毛的
4 die v. 死
dead adj. 死去的，无生命的
5 lose v. 失去
※loss n. 损失，丢失
lost adj. 失去的，迷路的
6 feel v. 感觉，触摸
feeling n. 感觉，知觉
一、单项选择
1．— ________ does it feel
— It’s soft.
A．What B．Where C．When D．How
2．People must stop ________ the Earth.
A．polluting B．pollute C．pollutes D．to pollute
3．Forests provide shelter and food ________ animals and insects.
A．to B．of C．with D．for
4．People cut down trees ________ paper.
A．make B．to make C．making D．made
5．We use ________ to make cups.
A．plastic B．cotton C．wool D．sand
6．Kitty always ________ lunch with Tom.
A．share B．sharing C．shared D．shares
7．Children can keep healthy ________ too much meat.
A．with not eating B．not by eating C．not with eating D．by not eating
8．The desks in our classroom are ________ wood.
A．make of B．made of C．make from D．made from
9．We can get plastic from ________.
A．wool B．oil C．clay D．cotton
10．A ________ desk is made of ________.
A．wool, woollen B．wood, wooden C．wooden, wood D．woollen, wool
11．Grandma uses wood ________ a fire.
A．make B．to make C．making D．to making
12．There are two ________ chopsticks on the table.
A．pairs of B．pair of C．pair D．pairs
13．What do we get ________ the environment
A．at B．in C．from D．with
14．A forest is ________ large area of trees.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
15．Many animals die ________ we cut down too many forests.
A．so B．if C．when D．because
16．We get ________ from plants.
A．cotton B．skin C．wool D．sand
17．Oceans are very important to ________ humans and animals.
A．only B．both C．either D．also
18．We should keep our city ________.
A．to beautiful B．be beautiful C．beautiful D．being beautiful
19．Some insects build their homes ________ trees.
A．in the hollows B．in the hollow
C．in the hollows of D．in the hollow of
20．The paper is made ________ wood.
A．of B．by C．from D．in
二、阅读理解
When I was a child, I liked to play on the coast of Shenzhen Bay. I used to find thin green branches. Some of those branches floated on the water, while others were in the mud on the beach, from which new branches continued to sprout (发芽). My father told me that they were the seeds of mangroves. I was surprised at their vitality and since then, I’ve been a fan of this magical plant.
In middle school, I participated together with my classmates in many mangrove-related volunteer activities such as bird watching and beach cleaning. Through those activities, I have learned that the magic of mangroves lies not only in their vitality, but also in their great role in coastal ecosystem (生态系统). Mangroves are home to a great deal of marine (海洋的) life, but human activities may do harm to them. I am proud of being a native (本地人) of Shenzhen, because my city keeps putting efforts into mangroves protection. They have become the beloved “city tree” of Shenzhen. When I ride my bicycle in winter on the boardwalk of Shenzhen Bay Park, I often see many birds flying freely above the mangroves.
It was informed that the first International Mangrove Center will be built in Shenzhen which means that my city will do something further to protect mangroves and do more research on the subject. Hopefully, there will be more activities open to the public, especially students, so that more teenagers like me can join in to protect mangroves.
21．What does underlined word“vitality”probably mean in the 1st paragraph
A．Life. B．Health. C．Beauty. D．Appearance.
22．What do we know about mangroves from the passage
A．They grow near the water.
B．They don’t need protection now.
C．They are home to many land animals.
D．They may be damaged by flying birds.
23．Why is the author proud of being a native of Shenzhen
A．Because no people do harm to mangroves.
B．Because there are many volunteer activities.
C．Because there are a lot of mangroves in Shenzhen.
D．Because Shenzhen works hard to protect mangroves.
24．What will the first International Mangrove Center bring about
A．Less research about mangroves will be done.
B．Shenzhen will do more to protect mangroves.
C．Fewer teenagers will come to protect mangroves.
D．More people in Shenzhen will pollute mangroves.
25．What is the best title of the passage
A．Mangrove—An Endangered Plant.
B．Mangrove—My Favourite Magical Plant.
C．Mangrove—The ‘City Tree’ of Shenzhen.
D．Mangrovc—Growing in Shenzhen Bay Park.
三、完形填空
Plants grow everywhere. Most plants grow best in spring and summer 26 the weather is warm and there is a lot of 27 . When autumn comes, plants grow 28 . Some may even die before winter 29 . In autumn, their 30 turn yellow and fall off. With no leaves, plants lose less 31 .
Each plant has its own habitat (生活环境). They 32 a certain temperature, sunlight and humidity level (湿度). When their environment is destroyed, they 33 die. Nowadays, human activities cause much pollution. This is 34 to the growth of plants. For example, the greenhouse effect (温室效应) and acid rain (酸雨) are destroying the Amazon Forest. Lots of plants have died. The extinction (灭绝) of many plants is telling us to 35 against pollution.
26．A．if B．because C．when D．until
27．A．wind B．snow C．cloud D．rain
28．A．taller B．shorter C．faster D．slower
29．A．comes B．goes C．misses D．returns
30．A．roots B．branches C．leaves D．fruit
31．A．air B．water C．food D．drink
32．A．give B．provide C．need D．get
33．A．must B．should C．have to D．may
34．A．harmful B．helpful C．cheerful D．successful
35．A．discuss B．lead C．fight D．produce
四、任务型阅读
阅读短文，根据其内容回答问题。
There are a lot of plants in the world. Plants are very important. This is because plants can make food for us from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals can get their food by eating plants and other animals. Man gets his food by eating plants and animals, too. So animals and man need plants in order to(为了) live. This is why there are so many plants around us.
There are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Almost all the trees around us are flowering plants. You can know some trees from their flowers and fruit. Non-flowering plants do not grow flowers. You cannot see many non-flowering plants around you.
Look carefully at the plants around you, and you can find there are many kinds of plants. Some plants are large and some are small. Most of them are green. Thanks to the plants around us, we can live on earth.
36．Why are plants very important
37．Can we make food from air, water and sunlight
38．How many kinds of plants are there according to the passage
39．What color are most of the plants
40．What’s the passage mainly about
五、书面表达
41．Write at least 50 words on the topic “The importance of forests”, using the following questions below as reference.（请根据提示问题以“森林的重要性”为题写一篇短文，不少于50个词，标点符号不占格）
Suggested questions:
（1） What are forests
（2） Why are forests important
（3） What do we use forests for
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D
【详解】句意：——感觉如何？——它很柔软。
考查特殊疑问句。What什么；Where哪里；When什么时候；How怎么样。根据答句“It’s soft”可知，此处是在问某物的触感如何，故应用疑问词how。故选D。
2．A
【详解】句意：人们必须停止污染地球。
考查非谓语动词。根据“People must stop…the Earth.”可知，此处指停止污染地球，stop doing sth.表示“停止正在做的事情”。故选A。
3．D
【详解】句意：森林为动物和昆虫提供住所和食物。
考查介词辨析。to到；of……的；with和；for为了。provide sth. for sb.为固定搭配，意为“给某人提供某物”，符合句意，故选D。
4．B
【详解】句意：人们砍树造纸。
考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构，空格处应用动词不定式做目的状语，表示砍树的目的。故选B。
5．A
【详解】句意：我们用塑料做杯子。
考查名词辨析。plastic塑料；cotton棉花；wool羊毛；sand沙子。根据常识可知，四种材料中，塑料可以用来做杯子。故选A。
6．D
【详解】句意：Kitty总是和Tom一起吃午饭。
考查动词的时态。根据“always”可知，此处是一般现在时，主语Kitty是第三人称单数，动词用其三单形式。故选D。
7．D
【详解】句意：孩子们可以通过不吃太多肉来保持健康。
考查介词和非谓语动词。with和；by通过。根据句子结构，此处应用介词by表示方法、方式，即by doing sth.。此处表否定形式，应在eating前加not。故选D。
8．B
【详解】句意：我们教室里的桌子是木制的。
考查动词短语。be made from由……制造，看不出原材料；be made of由……制成，能看出原材料。根据语境可知，桌子是可以看出来由木头制成的。故选B。
9．B
【详解】句意：我们可以从石油中提取塑料。
考查名词辨析。wool羊毛；oil石油；clay黏土；cotton棉花。根据“We can get plastic from...”可知，可以从石油中提取塑料。故选B。
10．C
【详解】句意：一张木制桌子是木头制成的。
考查形容词以及名词。wool羊毛，名词；woollen羊毛的；wood木头，名词；wooden木制的。根据“desk”可知应是木制的桌子，第一个空修饰名词desk用形容词wooden；第二个空作介词的宾语用名词wood。故选C。
11．B
【详解】句意：奶奶用木头生火。
考查动词短语。use sth to do sth“使用某物做某事”，故选B，
12．A
【详解】句意：桌子上有两双筷子。
考查量词用法。a pair of表示“一副，一双”，是固定短语；空前有数词two，量词需变成复数形式，即two pairs of。故选A。
13．C
【详解】句意：我们从环境中得到了什么？
考查介词辨析。at在；in在……里面；from从；with和。根据“What do we get...the environment ”可知，从环境中得到什么，故选C。
14．A
【详解】句意：森林是指大面积的树木。
考查冠词辨析。a一个，不定冠词，用于首字母发音为辅音音素的单词或字母前，表泛指；an一个，不定冠词，用于首字母发音为元音音素的单词或字母前，表泛指；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据语境可知，森林是指一个大面积的树木的地方，此处为泛指，空处应填不定冠词，排除C和D，large首字母发音为辅音音素，其前用不定冠词a修饰。故选A。
15．D
【详解】句意：因为我们砍伐了太多的森林，许多动物死亡了。
考查连词辨析。so所以，并列连词，表结果；if如果，从属连词，引导条件状语从句；when当……时候，从属连词，引导时间状语从句；because因为，从属连词，引导原因状语从句。根据语境可知，“动物死亡”与“我们砍伐森林”之间为因果关系，后面的为原因，because“因为”符合语境。故选D。
16．A
【详解】句意：我们从植物中获取棉花。
考查名词辨析。cotton棉花；skin（兽）皮；wool羊毛；sand沙。根据语境可知，从植物中可以得到棉花，cotton“棉花”符合语境。故选A。
17．B
【详解】句意：海洋对人类和动物都非常重要。
考查代词辨析。only只，仅仅；both两者都；either两者之一，也；also也。根据“humans and animals”可知，both...and“两者都”，此处表示对人类和动物两者来说都很重要。故选B。
18．C
【详解】句意：我们应该保持我们的城市美丽。
考查形容词。根据“We should keep our city...”可知考查“keep+宾语+宾补”结构，宾补可以是形容词。keep our city beautiful“保持我们的城市美丽”。故选C。
19．C
【详解】句意：有些昆虫在树洞里筑巢。
考查介词短语。根据“Some insects build their homes…trees.”可知，此处表示“在树洞里”，此处hollow应该用其复数表示泛指，故排除B、D项。空后有名词trees，其前应有介词of“属于……的”。故选C。
20．C
【详解】句意：纸是由木头制成的。
考查介词辨析。be made of由……制成（看得出原材料）；be made by被……制造；be made from由……制成（看不出原材料）；be made in在某地制造。根据“The kind of paper is made...wood”可知这种纸是木头制成的，且看不出原材料，用be made from。故选C。
21．A 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．B
【导语】本文是对深圳红树林的介绍，并希望有更多关于它的活动向公众开放，特别是学生，这样就有更多青少年可以加入到保护红树林的行列中来。
21．词句猜测题。根据“Some of those branches floated on the water, while others were in the mud on the beach, from which new branches continued to sprout”可知，红树林生命力非常顽强。作者是惊讶于红树林的生命力。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据“Some of those branches floated on the water, while others were in the mud on the beach”可知，红树林生长在水边。故选A。
23．细节理解题。根据“I am proud of being a native(本地人)of Shenzhen, because my city keeps putting efforts into mangroves protection.”可知，是因为我的城市一直在努力保护红树林。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据“It was informed that the first International Mangrove Center will be built in Shenzhen which means that my city will do something further to protect mangroves and do more research on the subject.”可知，深圳将来会采取更多的措施保护红树林。故选B。
25．最佳标题题。根据“I was surprised at their vitality and since then, I’ve been a fan of this magical plant.”可知，本文是讲作者对红树林的热爱和保护。故选B。
26．B 27．D 28．D 29．A 30．C 31．B 32．C 33．D 34．A 35．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了植物生长的自然现象，以及生长所需的环境，还说明因为人类活动造成环境污染影响了植物生长。
26．句意：大多数植物在春天和夏天生长最好，因为天气温暖，雨水多。
if如果；because因为；when当……时；until直到。根据“Most plants grow best in spring and summer...the weather is warm and there is a lot of...”可知，后句是前句的原因，空格处意为“因为”，故选B。
27．句意：大多数植物在春天和夏天生长最好，因为天气温暖，雨水多。
wind风；snow雪；cloud云；rain雨水。根据“in spring and summer”和常识可知，春季和夏季雨水多，利于植物生长。故选D。
28．句意：当秋天来临时，植物生长更缓慢。
taller更高的；shorter更短的；faster更快的；slower更慢的。根据“When autumn comes”和常识可知，植物在秋季生长得更慢，故选D。
29．句意：有些植物甚至会在冬天来临前死去。
comes到来；goes去；misses想念；returns返回。结合选项和“Some may even die before winter...”可知，此处表示有些植物甚至会在冬天来临前死去。故选A。
30．句意：秋天，它们的叶子变黄并脱落。
roots根；branches树枝；leaves叶子；fruit果实。根据下文“With no leaves”可知，此处表示树叶变黄脱落，故选C。
31．句意：没有叶子，植物失去的水分更少。
air空气；water水；food食物；drink饮料。根据“With no leaves”和常识可知，植物没有树叶，会减少水分的流失，故选B。
32．句意：它们需要一定的温度、阳光和湿度。
give给；provide提供；need需要；get获得。结合选项和“They...a certain temperature, sunlight and humidity level (湿度).”可知，此处表示植物需要一定的温度、阳光和湿度。故选C。
33．句意：当它们的环境被破坏时，它们可能会死亡。
must必须，一定；should应该；have to不得不；may可能。根据“When their environment is destroyed”可知，生长环境被破坏，植物可能会死亡，“死亡”是一种可能性，故选D。
34．句意：这对植物的生长有害。
harmful有害的；helpful有帮助的；cheerful高兴的；successful成功的。根据上文“Nowadays, human activities cause much pollution.”可知，人类活动造成的大量污染对植物的生长有害，故选A。
35．句意：许多植物的灭绝告诉我们要与污染作斗争。
discuss讨论；lead领导；fight斗争；produce生产。根据“against pollution”可知，本题考查短语fight against“与……作斗争”，故选C。
36．Because they can make food for us from air, water and sunlight. 37．No./No, we can’t. 38．Two./2. 39．Green./They are green. 40．The importance, type and color of the plants.
【导语】本文主要讲述了植物的用途、种类、大小和颜色等。
36．根据“This is because plants can make food for us from air, water and sunlight.”可知植物可以从空气、水和阳光中为我们制造食物，所以植物很重要。故填Because plants can make food for us from air, water and sunlight.
37．根据“Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight.”可知动物和人类不能从空气、水和阳光中制造食物，故填No./No, we can’t.
38．根据“There are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants.”可知有两种植物，故填Two./2.
39．根据“Most of them are green.”可知大部分植物是绿色的。故填Green./They are green.
40．根据“There are a lot of plants in the world. Plants are very important.”，“There are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. ”以及“Most of them are green.”可知文章主要讲了植物的重要性、种类以及颜色，故填The importance, type and color of the plants.
41．例文
The importance of forests
A forest is a large area of trees. Forests are very important because they provide shelter and food for birds, animals and insects. People in some countries cook food with wood. People also use wood to make houses, furniture and paper.
Forests are important to all animals. People must stop cutting down forests.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇说明文。
②时态：本文要用一般现在时。
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生注意不要遗漏要点，并适当增加细节，突出写作要点。
[写作步骤]
①第一步，写出森林是什么。
②第二步，介绍一些森林的重要性以及我们能用森林来干什么。
③第三步，总结全文，说明我们应该如何对待森林。
[亮点词汇]
①a large area of 一大片……的区域
②provide … for… 为……提供……
③cut down 砍倒
[高级句型]
①Forests are very important because they provide shelter and food for birds, animals and insects. (because引导原因状语从句)
②People also use wood to make houses, furniture and paper. (to do不定式作宾补)Unit10 Forests and land
本课重点 forest hollow area provide build wood furniture clay wool cotton plastic oi1 metal ground sand
本课难点 1. stop doing something 停止做某事 2. be made of… 由……制成的 3.to make是不定式表示目的。 4.use…to make…意为‘‘用……，来做……”
常考难点 1. be made of与be made from的用法 2. 名词通过加上词缀变成形容词 3. 感官动词
考点1. area n.地区；区域
e. g. We are going to build a school in this area.我们准备在这个区域内建一所学校。
In some areas, there are small schools for a few farm families, and the children walk to school.
有些地区，设有小规模的学校为少数几个农民家庭服务，孩子们走着去上学。
【知识拓展】近义：district n.地区；区域；地方
考点2. forest n.森林
e. g. -Forests are home to many animals and plants.森林是许多动植物的家园。
-We must take care of our forests.我们必须爱护我们的森林。
考点3. provide v.提供；供应
【常用搭配】provide sth. for sb.为某人提供某物 provide sb. with sth.给某人提供某物
e. g. They provide us with food.他们供给我们食物。
We provided food for the hungry children.我们为饥饿的孩子们提供食物。
考点4.wood n.木头
e. g. -What's this table made of 这张桌子是什么做的？
-It's made of wood.它是由木头做的。
wooden adj.木质的
e. g. wooden chairs木椅 wooden chopsticks木筷
考点5.build v.建造
e. g. The workers are building a new bridge over the river.工人们正在河上建一座新桥。
【知识拓展】building n.建筑物
e. g. Our office is in that tall building.我们的办公室在那栋高楼里。
考点6. wool n.羊毛；毛制品；毛线
e. g. The dress was made of wool.这条连衣裙是羊毛做的。
woolen adj.羊毛的；毛纺的
e. g. This is a woollen coa.这是一件羊毛上衣。
考点7. oi1 n.
(1)油，食用油
e. g. -How do you like this dish 这道菜怎么样？
-There's too much oil in it.油太多了。
(2)石油
e. g. This area is rich in oil and gas.这个地区石油和天然气很丰富。
【记忆链接】oil painting油画 cooking oil烹调用油 vegetable oil植物油
考点8. ground n.地面
e. g. -Why are you lying on the ground 你怎么躺在地上呀？
-I've hurt my leg! 我的腿受伤了。
考点9.sand n.沙子，沙滩
e. g. -It's nice to lie on the warm sand after swimming.游泳后躺在暖暖的沙滩上真舒服。
-Yes. The sand here is very clean.是啊，这儿的沙很干净。
考点10. chopstick n.
e. g. Small children can't use chopsticks well.小孩子用不好筷子。
【百科小贴士】在中国、日本、朝鲜和韩国，筷子是最常用的餐具。西方人进餐时用刀叉。在有的国家，人们吃饭直接用手，而不用任何餐具。
考点11. material n.原料；材料
e. g. People use oil as material to make plastic.人们将石油用作原料制造塑料。
The writer is collecting material for his new book.这位作家正在为他的新书搜集素材。
语法精讲
1. be made of与be made from的用法
这是被动语态的结构，表示由……制作而成，但两个词组的意思是不同的：be made of所提到的材料在制成成品时还能看出来，而be made from所提到的材料通常是看不出来的，即成品已经完全看不出原料的样子。
e. g. The belt is made of leather.这根腰带是由皮革制成的。（皮革被做成腰带后还是看得出是皮的）
Bread is made from wheat.面包是由小麦做的。（小麦做成面包后已经看不出小麦的样子了）
The outside of the building is made of glass.这幢建筑的外层是由玻璃制成的。
Glass is made from stones and sand.玻璃是由砂石制成的。
2. 名词通过加上词缀变成形容词
有些形容词是由名词演变过来的
(1)有些形容词是由名词加上en构成的，表示“由……制成的”。
e. g. wool →woolen，英式拼法为woollen, wood →wooden, gold →golden。
(2)有些形容词是由名词加上ful构成的。
e. g. beauty →beautiful, care →careful。
(3)有些形容词是由名词加上less构成的，表示‘‘无，没有……”。
e. g. care →careless, hope →hopeless。
(4)有些形容词是由名词加上y构成的。
e. g. sun →sunny, wind →windy
3. 感官动词
感官动词包括：look（看），sound（听），smell（闻），taste（尝），feel（摸，感觉）；在解释为“看上去，听上去，闻上去，摸上去”等时都是连系动词，相当于be动词的用法，后面跟形容词，而不是副词。
比较：She looks very sad. 她看上去很悲伤。（看上去的样子）
She looks sadly at me. 她很悲伤地看着我。（强调怎样看）
6B Unit 10Vocabulary（牛津）
序号 英文 音标 词性 中文
1 / f r st/ n. 森林
2 / e ri / n. 地区
3 /pr va d/ v. 供给
4 /b ld/ v. 建造
5 /w d/ n. 木头
6 砍倒
7 / f :n t (r)/ n. 家具
8 一件家具
9 /w l/ n. 羊毛
10 / k tn/ n. 棉花
11 / pl st k/ n.&adj. 塑料（的）
12 / l / n. 油；石油
13 / metl / n.&adj. 金属（的）
14 /gra nd / n. 土地
15 /s nd/ n. 沙
16 /m t ri l/ n. 材料
17 由......制成的
18 / w dn/ adj. 木制的
19 / w l n/ adj. 毛纺的；羊毛的
Part 3 词汇语法复习
一、6B U10词性转换整理
1 build v. 建造
building n. 建筑物，大楼
2 wood n. 木头
wooden adj. 木制的
3 wool n. 羊毛
woollen adj. 毛纺的，羊毛的
4 die v. 死
dead adj. 死去的，无生命的
5 lose v. 失去
※loss n. 损失，丢失
lost adj. 失去的，迷路的
6 feel v. 感觉，触摸
feeling n. 感觉，知觉
一、单项选择
1．— ________ does it feel
— It’s soft.
A．What B．Where C．When D．How
2．People must stop ________ the Earth.
A．polluting B．pollute C．pollutes D．to pollute
3．Forests provide shelter and food ________ animals and insects.
A．to B．of C．with D．for
4．People cut down trees ________ paper.
A．make B．to make C．making D．made
5．We use ________ to make cups.
A．plastic B．cotton C．wool D．sand
6．Kitty always ________ lunch with Tom.
A．share B．sharing C．shared D．shares
7．Children can keep healthy ________ too much meat.
A．with not eating B．not by eating C．not with eating D．by not eating
8．The desks in our classroom are ________ wood.
A．make of B．made of C．make from D．made from
9．We can get plastic from ________.
A．wool B．oil C．clay D．cotton
10．A ________ desk is made of ________.
A．wool, woollen B．wood, wooden C．wooden, wood D．woollen, wool
11．Grandma uses wood ________ a fire.
A．make B．to make C．making D．to making
12．There are two ________ chopsticks on the table.
A．pairs of B．pair of C．pair D．pairs
13．What do we get ________ the environment
A．at B．in C．from D．with
14．A forest is ________ large area of trees.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
15．Many animals die ________ we cut down too many forests.
A．so B．if C．when D．because
16．We get ________ from plants.
A．cotton B．skin C．wool D．sand
17．Oceans are very important to ________ humans and animals.
A．only B．both C．either D．also
18．We should keep our city ________.
A．to beautiful B．be beautiful C．beautiful D．being beautiful
19．Some insects build their homes ________ trees.
A．in the hollows B．in the hollow
C．in the hollows of D．in the hollow of
20．The paper is made ________ wood.
A．of B．by C．from D．in
二、阅读理解
When I was a child, I liked to play on the coast of Shenzhen Bay. I used to find thin green branches. Some of those branches floated on the water, while others were in the mud on the beach, from which new branches continued to sprout (发芽). My father told me that they were the seeds of mangroves. I was surprised at their vitality and since then, I’ve been a fan of this magical plant.
In middle school, I participated together with my classmates in many mangrove-related volunteer activities such as bird watching and beach cleaning. Through those activities, I have learned that the magic of mangroves lies not only in their vitality, but also in their great role in coastal ecosystem (生态系统). Mangroves are home to a great deal of marine (海洋的) life, but human activities may do harm to them. I am proud of being a native (本地人) of Shenzhen, because my city keeps putting efforts into mangroves protection. They have become the beloved “city tree” of Shenzhen. When I ride my bicycle in winter on the boardwalk of Shenzhen Bay Park, I often see many birds flying freely above the mangroves.
It was informed that the first International Mangrove Center will be built in Shenzhen which means that my city will do something further to protect mangroves and do more research on the subject. Hopefully, there will be more activities open to the public, especially students, so that more teenagers like me can join in to protect mangroves.
21．What does underlined word“vitality”probably mean in the 1st paragraph
A．Life. B．Health. C．Beauty. D．Appearance.
22．What do we know about mangroves from the passage
A．They grow near the water.
B．They don’t need protection now.
C．They are home to many land animals.
D．They may be damaged by flying birds.
23．Why is the author proud of being a native of Shenzhen
A．Because no people do harm to mangroves.
B．Because there are many volunteer activities.
C．Because there are a lot of mangroves in Shenzhen.
D．Because Shenzhen works hard to protect mangroves.
24．What will the first International Mangrove Center bring about
A．Less research about mangroves will be done.
B．Shenzhen will do more to protect mangroves.
C．Fewer teenagers will come to protect mangroves.
D．More people in Shenzhen will pollute mangroves.
25．What is the best title of the passage
A．Mangrove—An Endangered Plant.
B．Mangrove—My Favourite Magical Plant.
C．Mangrove—The ‘City Tree’ of Shenzhen.
D．Mangrovc—Growing in Shenzhen Bay Park.
三、完形填空
Plants grow everywhere. Most plants grow best in spring and summer 26 the weather is warm and there is a lot of 27 . When autumn comes, plants grow 28 . Some may even die before winter 29 . In autumn, their 30 turn yellow and fall off. With no leaves, plants lose less 31 .
Each plant has its own habitat (生活环境). They 32 a certain temperature, sunlight and humidity level (湿度). When their environment is destroyed, they 33 die. Nowadays, human activities cause much pollution. This is 34 to the growth of plants. For example, the greenhouse effect (温室效应) and acid rain (酸雨) are destroying the Amazon Forest. Lots of plants have died. The extinction (灭绝) of many plants is telling us to 35 against pollution.
26．A．if B．because C．when D．until
27．A．wind B．snow C．cloud D．rain
28．A．taller B．shorter C．faster D．slower
29．A．comes B．goes C．misses D．returns
30．A．roots B．branches C．leaves D．fruit
31．A．air B．water C．food D．drink
32．A．give B．provide C．need D．get
33．A．must B．should C．have to D．may
34．A．harmful B．helpful C．cheerful D．successful
35．A．discuss B．lead C．fight D．produce
四、任务型阅读
阅读短文，根据其内容回答问题。
There are a lot of plants in the world. Plants are very important. This is because plants can make food for us from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals can get their food by eating plants and other animals. Man gets his food by eating plants and animals, too. So animals and man need plants in order to(为了) live. This is why there are so many plants around us.
There are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Almost all the trees around us are flowering plants. You can know some trees from their flowers and fruit. Non-flowering plants do not grow flowers. You cannot see many non-flowering plants around you.
Look carefully at the plants around you, and you can find there are many kinds of plants. Some plants are large and some are small. Most of them are green. Thanks to the plants around us, we can live on earth.
36．Why are plants very important
37．Can we make food from air, water and sunlight
38．How many kinds of plants are there according to the passage
39．What color are most of the plants
40．What’s the passage mainly about
五、书面表达
41．Write at least 50 words on the topic “The importance of forests”, using the following questions below as reference.（请根据提示问题以“森林的重要性”为题写一篇短文，不少于50个词，标点符号不占格）
Suggested questions:
（1） What are forests
（2） Why are forests important
（3） What do we use forests for
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
