教学目标
1）掌握U11的单词及语法 2）掌握阅读理解综合的做题思路及技巧
教学重点
1）U11的语法内容 2）学习并运用所学技巧完成四篇不同类型的阅读理解
Unit11 Controlling fire
考点1. control [k n'tr l]
【词性】v.
【词义】控制，抑制
【易混淆点】 in control of 控制…
in the control of 被…控制
【经典例句】
The pilot lost the control of the plane.
飞机失去了对飞机的控制。
考点2. cigarette [ siɡ ret]
【词性】n.
【词义】香烟
【易混淆点】cigarette n. 香烟
cigar n. 雪茄
【经典例句】
We should be careful with the cigarette ends.
我们应该小心烟蒂。
考点3. end [end]
【词性】n.
【词义】末端；尽头；末尾
【易混淆点】at the end of 在…的尽头/末端 （后加宾语）
in the end /at last/finally最后（单独使用）
【经典例句】
He is standing g at the end of a queue.
他正站在一排人的最后。
考点4.injured [' nd (r)d]
【词性】adj.
【词义】受伤的；受损害的
【易混淆点】injured adj. 受伤的；受损害的
wound n.（刀，枪等的）伤口
【经典例句】
People may be seriously injured on even lose their lives and homes
in a fire.
人们可能在火灾中严重受伤甚至失去生命和家园。
考点5.cause [k z]
【词性】v.
【词义】引起；导致
【易混淆点】cause n. 原因；起因（一般客观存在）
reason n. 理由（有可能虚构）
【经典例句】
What kind of people usually cause hill fires
什么类型的人通常会引起山林火灾？
考点6. stick [st k]
【词性】n.
【词义】棍；棒；柴枝
【易混淆点】stick n. 棍；棒；柴枝
chopstick n. n. 筷子
【经典例句】
Many ,many years ago, people used a stick , a large piece of wood
and dry leaves to make a fire.
很多很多年前，人们用一根木棍，一大块木头和干的树叶来生
火。
考点7.heat [hi t]
【词性1】n.
【词义1】热量
【词性2】v.
【词义2】加热
【易混淆点】heat n. 热量
heater n. 加热器
【经典例句】
They used fire to cook meat and to get light and heat.
他们用火来烧肉和获取光和热。
考点8. melt [melt]
【词性】v.
【词义】（使）融化；（使）熔化
【易混淆点】waste v. 浪费
save v. 节约
【经典例句】
In factories ,workers use fires to melt metals to make things of
different shapes.
在工厂里，工人用火来熔化金属来制成不同形状的东西。
考点9.burn [b n]
【词性】v.
【词义】燃烧；烧坏
【易混淆点】burnt/burned burn的过去式
burnt/burned burn的过去分词
【经典例句】
Every year, hill fires burn a lot of trees.
每年，山林火灾燃烧掉许多树林。
考点10. careless ['ke l s]
【词性】adj.
【词义】粗心的
【易混淆点】careless adj. 粗心的
careless adj.仔细的；认真的
【经典例句】
This is because there are many careless people.
这是因为有很多粗心的人们。
考点11. seriously ['s r sl ]
【词性】adv.
【词义】严重地
【易混淆点】seriously adv. 严重地
serious adj. 严重的
【经典例句】
People may be seriously injured on even lose their lives and homes
in a fire.
人们可能在火灾中严重受伤甚至失去生命和家园。
考点12. equipment [ 'kw pm( )nt]
【词性】n.
【词义】装备；设备
【易混淆点】equipment n. 装备；设备
equip v.装备；配备
【经典例句】
A fireman uses breathing equipment to breathe in smoky places.
消防员用呼吸装备在有烟雾的地方呼吸。
考点13. rescue ['reskju ]
【词性】v.
【词义】解救；援救；营救
【易混淆点】rescue v. 解救；援救；营救
rescuer n. 营救者
【经典例句】
A fireman uses a ladder to rescue people from tall buildings.
消防员用梯子从高楼上营救人们。
知识点一：重点词组
1）fire drill 消防演习
2）be careful with 小心…
3）lose one’s life 丧命；丧生
4）use sth. to do sth. 使用某物去做某事
5）a cigarette end 烟蒂
6）make a fire 生火
7）a large piece of wood 一大块木头
8）put out their barbecues fires 熄灭他们的篝火
9）put out fires 扑灭火灾
10）queue up in the corridor 在走廊排队
11）a fire extinguisher 灭火器
12）on the ground floor 在一层
13）outside the teachers’ office 在教室的办公室外面
知识点二：重点句型
1）Miss Guo has asked her students to do a project about fire.
Miss Guo让她的学生做一个关于火的调查报告。
2）What did they use fire to do
他们用火来干嘛呢？
3）What kind of people usually cause hill fires
什么类型的人通常会引起山林火灾？
4）What may happen if people are not careful with fire
如果人们不小心对待火的话，将会发生什么？
5）They uses fire to cook meat and to get light and heat.
他们用火来烧肉，获得光和热。
6）Today ,people use fires in many different ways.
今天，人们用不同的方式来使用火。
7）In factories ,workers use fires to melt metals to make things of
different shapes.
在工厂里，工人用火来熔化金属来制成不同形状的东西。
8）They leave burning cigarette ends or do not put out their barbecue
fires.
他们留下烟蒂或是没有熄灭他们的篝火。
9）People may be seriously injured on even lose their lives and homes in a fire.
人们可能在火灾中严重受伤甚至失去生命和家园。
10）She wants to write some rules for her students.
她为她的学生写了些法则。
11）Kitty and Alice have walked around their school to find out where the firefighting equipment is.
Kitty and Alice走访他们的学校来弄清消防设备在哪里。
知识点三：常见语法
1）情态动词may, must的用法
① must表示必须， must not 表示“禁止”，must be“可能”，
表示肯定的推测，
e.g. We mustn’t talk loudly in the library.
我们不能在图书馆大声说话
e.g. He didn’t come to school . He must be in hospital.
今天他没来学校。他肯定在医院。
② 对must，may的问句的肯定回答都是“Yes, …must.”。否定
回答是“No, you needn’t.”
e.g. -Must we hand in our homework today -Yes, you must./No,
you needn’t.
我们今天必须上交家庭作业吗？是的，必须。/不，不必了。
2）there be句型
①当there be句型主语多于两个时，谓语动词和邻近的主语保持一
致，即“就近原则”。
e.g. There is a pencil and two books on the desk.
桌子上有一支笔和两本书。
②there be 是一种客观存在，“哪里有”；have/has表示从属
关系，即“某人有”。
e.g. There is a football match on the playground this afternoon.
今天下午操场上有一场足球赛。
e.g. We will have an open day tomorrow.
明天我们将有一个开放日。
3）方位介词，表示地点的介词有“near”“outside”“in front of ”,
“in the front of ” “on”，“under”“above”等。
e.g. The teacher is standing in front of the classroom.
老师仄衡站在教室的前部。
4）序数词的用法
①第一，第二，第三分别是“first”,“second”,“third”
②第五，第十二分别是“fifth”，“twelfth”
③第八，第九“eighth”，“ninth”
④第几十“twentieth”
⑤第几十几“twenty -first”
（2）6BU11词性转换整理
序号 单词 词性 释义
1 use v. 使用
useless adj. 无用的
useful adj. 有用的
2 wood n. 木头
wooden adj. 木制的
3 hot adj. 热的
heat n. 热量
4 different adj. 不同的
difference n. 差别
5 dangerous adj. 危险的
danger n. 危险
6 injury n. 伤害
injured adj. 受伤的
7 lose v. 失去
lost adj. 丢失的
(3) 6B U11知识点整理
1）start作动词是“开始进行，使发生”的意思。
start to do sth. 开始去做某事
start doing sth.开始做某事
2）way 有“方法，方式”之意
固定搭配：in …way 用…方法
3）life“生命，生活”
指生命的时候，life是可数名词
指生活的时候，life是不可数名词
一、单项选择
1．The local food in Qibao Street smell good, but what does it _________ like
A．taste B．touch C．seem D．feel
2．—Hurry up. The bus is coming.
—Oh, no. We mustn’t cross the street ________ the traffic lights are green.
A．after B．since C．while D．until
3．Maria works more carefully and makes ________ mistakes than Sally.
A．many B．more C．few D．fewer
4．When a typhoon comes, we ________ put our flower pots outside our flats.
A．should B．must C．needn’t D．shouldn’t
5．Many animals in forests die ________ they lose their homes and food.
A．and B．but C．or D．because
6．_________ did you visit during the time when you were in Japan
A．What B．When C．Where D．Why
7．It’s not right to judge a book by its cover. Which of the following is correct for the underlined word
A．/dru:s/ B．/j k/ C．/d d / D．/'d gl/
8．Ben and Kitty are busy. Jill is helping ________ make a display board.
A．they B．them C．their D．themselves
9．More than ________ students went to the People’s Park.
A．five hundreds B．hundred of C．five hundred D．five hundred of
10．Sam hates rice dumplings. He would rather ________ some pizza.
A．to have B．have C．has D．having
11．In the past, there ________ only single-decker buses.
A．was B．is C．were D．are
12．Sharks are one of the ________ in the sea.
A．more dangerous animal B．most dangerous animals
C．more dangerous animals D．most dangerous animal
13．The film was so _________ that most of the audience kept screaming in fear while watching it last night.
A．exciting B．frightening C．boring D．amazing
14．I ________ my pet dog everywhere in the estate. It may be in danger.
A．have looked for B．have looked after
C．have looked around D．have looked at
15．It is difficult to ________ everyone.
A．pleasant B．pleased C．please D．pleasure
16．—I missed the wonderful basketball match.
—_________.
A．No problem B．What a pity C．Not at all D．Congratulations
17．We can save water ________ fixing a dripping tap.
A．by B．with C．through D．for
18．Books are made ________ wood.
A．of B．from C．in D．to
19．—What will Linda be like when she is 18
—She ________ .
A．likes to be a model B．will have long hair
C．will be a businesswoman D．will like singing
20．Susan holds her umbrella ________ in the street when the wind blows ________.
A．greatly; lightly B．quickly; suddenly
C．tightly; fiercely D．immediately; sightly
二、阅读理解
Imagine a perfect day: the weather is good and everything seems fine. When, suddenly, your mobile phone loses its signal, the television has no programs, and you can’t get online with your computer.
What has happened These are just the types of problems a solar storm （太阳风暴） might cause.
You may not think of storms as putting our society in danger. But today, a solar storm is as serious as other bad events, such as earthquakes.
A solar storm is caused by solar flares （太阳耀斑） large explosions （爆炸） near the sun that can give off lots of energy. The strong energy can stop the satellite systems （卫星系统） that control our computers, telecom networks and so on. These storms can even cause the power to go out for weeks or months.
In the past few months, scientists have recorded some of the strongest sun flares in years. The most recent one happened around Valentine’s Day, 2011. It caused radio and satellite signals to go down in some northern cities in China.
“Solar flare activity is going to be much worse than what we’ve seen in the past. We’re not talking about a few cities losing power, it could be half of the country, maybe more. ”, a US website about space weather, warned. Scientists say that little can be done to predict such a storm.
Governments around the world are trying to work together before the next storm, although they are not sure when that may happen.
根据短文内容, 选择最佳选项。
21．What are solar flares according to the passage
A．Telecom networks. B．Solar storms.
C．Large explosions near the sun. D．US websites.
22．What does the underlined word “signal” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Electricity. B．Music. C．Light. D．Sign.
23．Which is the right order of the following things
①Solar flares give off lots of energy. ②People cannot get online with their computers.
③Solar storms happen. ④Satellite systems are stopped.
A．①②③④ B．①③④② C．③①②④ D．③②①④
24．Why did the radio and satellite signals go down in some northern cities in China in February, 2011
A．Because a strong sun flare happened. B．Because an earthquake happened.
C．Because a solar storm stopped. D．Because the satellite systems didn’t work.
25．What is the passage mainly about
A．Asking people to prevent the solar storm from happening.
B．Telling people how to solve the problems caused by solar storms.
C．Calling for scientists to predict when the next solar storm will happen.
D．Introducing what solar storms are to people.
三、完形填空
Choose the best words or expressions to complete the passage. (选择最恰当的单词或短语完成短文)
James and Jennifer were driving from Nevada to Idaho with their five-month-old son. Shortly after their leaving home it began to snow. The snow was soon so 26 that it became a blizzard (暴风雪). The blizzard went on for many hours. By the time it was over, there was about 1.5 meters deep of snow on the road and it was 27 to drive. They looked around for a house to stay in, but they could see nothing. They looked for another 28 but there wasn’t one to travel on. They had to stay where they were. They stayed there for five days. They had very little to eat or drink. They ate some cookies they had in the car, and they even had 29 for water. Jennifer was able to feed her baby herself.
After five days , they knew they could no longer stay in their car. James made a large hole in the snow for Jennifer and the baby to stay in, and he started the long walk to 30 . In 22 hours he walked over 45 kilometers. At last he got to the town of Vya. James was very tired and could not even speak, but he was able to tell the people in the town where Jennifer and his son were. The people in the town hurried to save Jennifer and her baby. When they found them, the baby was crying loudly. They took them to hospital, where the doctors looked after them.
Many people thought it was a miracle (奇迹) that the family didn’t die in such a blizzard.
26．A．thin B．strong C．cold D．white
27．A．safe B．quick C．dangerous D．easy
28．A．town B．person C．hole D．road
29．A．fruit B．cookies C．snow D．plants
30．A．make money B．get help C．see a doctor D．repair his car
四、任务型阅读
Many fires happen in China every year. Many people are hurt or die in the fire. Knowing some ways to protect yourself will help to keep safe in the fire.
When a fire happens, remember, the most important thing is to stay calm. You should call 119 at once. If the fire is not very serious, turn off all the lights and gas. Find some clothes and make them wet. Put on the wet clothes, cover your face and run out of the building. Do not jump out of the window or take a lift. It is dangerous. If you cannot run out of the room, remember the safest place is close to water, like washroom.
Remember these suggestions above, and you must protect yourself from a fire.
31．Do many fires happen in China every year
32．What is the most important thing to do when a fire happens
33．What should you do at once when a fire happens
34．Why can’t you take a lift when a fire happens
35．What is the passage mainly about
五、书面表达
36．Write at least 50 words about the topic “Fire-safety rules in pubic” using the following questions for reference.（请根据提示问题，以“公共消防安全规则”为题写一篇短文，不少于50个词，标点符号不占格）
Suggested questions:
（1）What do you think of the fire
（2）What are the fire-safety rules
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．A
【详解】句意：七宝街的当地食物闻起来很香，但味道怎么样呢？
考查动词辨析。taste尝起来；touch触摸；seem似乎；feel感觉。根据“The local food in Qibao Street smell good”可知，询问食物尝起来怎么样，故选A。
2．D
【详解】句意：——快点！公交车马上就到了。——哦，不。直到交通灯变绿时，我们才能过马路。
考查连词用法。after“在……之后”；since“自从；因为”；while“当……时”；until“直到”。根据句中not提示可知，not…until译为“直到……才”。故选D。
3．D
【详解】句意：玛丽亚比莎莉工作更仔细，犯的错误更少。
考查比较级。many很多；more更多的；few很少的；fewer更少的。根据“than”可知，此处应用比较级形式，结合“Maria works more carefully”可知，工作更仔细，犯的错误会更少，故选D。
4．D
【详解】句意：台风来临时，我们不应该把花盆放在公寓外面。
考查情态动词。should应该；must必须；needn’t不需要；shouldn’t不应该。根据“When a typhoon comes, we...put our flower pots outside our flats.”可知，台风时，不应该把花盆放在外面，故选D。
5．D
【详解】句意：森林中的许多动物死亡因为它们失去家园和食物。
考查连词辨析。and和，表顺承；but但是，表转折；or或者，表选择；because因为，引导原因状语从句。根据“they lose their homes and food”说明动物死亡的原因，可知此处是用because引导原因状语从句。故选D。
6．C
【详解】句意：你在日本期间去过哪些地方？
考查疑问词辨析。What什么；When何时；Where在哪里；Why为什么。根据“... did you visit”可推出是问去哪里游玩了，用Where提问。故选C。
7．C
【详解】句意：以貌取人是不对的。下面哪个选项是正确的？
考查单词的读音。judge是动词，意思是“判断”，它的读音是[d d ]，与C选项音标一致，故选C。
8．B
【详解】句意：本和基蒂很忙。吉尔正在帮他们做一块展板。
考查代词。they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的；themselves他们自己。空处作宾语，应用宾格形式，故选B。
9．C
【详解】句意：500多名学生去了人民公园。
考查数词用法。hundred“百”，前面有具体数词时用单数形式，且后面不加of；前面没有具体数词时用hundreds of。分析所给选项可知，C选项符合。故选C。
10．B
【详解】句意：萨姆讨厌粽子。他宁愿吃披萨。
考查情态动词后加动词原形。would rather do sth“宁愿做某事”，空处用动词原形。故选B。
11．C
【详解】句意：在过去，只有单层巴士。
考查时态。由句中“In the past”知，此句用一般过去时，此句为there be结构，主语“single-decker buses”为复数，故选C。
12．B
【详解】句意：鲨鱼是海洋中最危险的动物之一。
考查形容词最高级的用法。“one of the+最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一”。dangerous的最高级为most dangerous。故选B。
13．B
【详解】句意：这部电影太吓人了，大多数观众昨晚看的时候都在恐惧地尖叫。
考查形容词辨析。exciting令人兴奋的；frightening可怕的；boring无聊的；amazing令人惊奇的。根据“most of the audience kept screaming in fear while watching it last night”可知大部分观众恐惧地尖叫，是因为电影太吓人了。故选B。
14．A
【详解】句意：我在庄园里到处找我的宠物狗。它可能有危险。
考查动词短语。have looked for寻找；have looked after照顾；have looked around四处看看；have looked at看看。根据“It may be in danger”可知，我在庄园里到处找我的宠物狗，故应用have looked for。故选A。
15．C
【详解】句意：很难让每个人都高兴。
考查词性辨析。pleasant令人愉快的，形容词；pleased 高兴的，形容词；please使开心，动词；pleasure荣幸，名词。根据“It is difficult to”可知，此处是动词不定式作真正的主语，to后跟动词原形，故选C。
16．B
【详解】句意：——我错过了那场精彩的篮球赛。 ——真可惜。
考查情景交际。No problem没关系；What a pity真可惜；Not at all没关系；Congratulations祝贺。根据“I missed the wonderful basketball match.”可知，此处是指错过篮球赛而感到遗憾。故选B。
17．A
【详解】句意：我们可以通过修理滴水的水龙头来节约用水。
考查介词辨析。by通过，凭借；with和；through穿过，通过；for为了。根据“We can save water ... fixing a dripping tap.”可知，此处表示节水的方式是修理滴水的水龙头，“by+动名词”可用来表方法、方式、手段等。故选A。
18．B
【详解】句意：书是由木头做的。
考查介词词义辨析。of……的；from从，来自；in在……里；to到。由句中“Books”和“wood”知，此句是说书是由木头做的，从成品中看不出原料，应用短语be made from，意为“由……制成”，故选B。
19．B
【详解】句意：——琳达18岁时会是什么样子？——她将留长发。
考查特殊疑问句回答。likes to be a model喜欢当模特；will have long hair会有长发；will be a businesswoman会成为一名女商人；will like singing会喜欢唱歌。根据“What will Linda be like when she is 18 ”可知，此处问的是外貌长相，回答应是与外貌长相有关的，故选B。
20．C
【详解】句意：风猛烈时，苏珊在街上紧紧地握着伞。
考查副词辨析。greatly非常；quickly快速地；tightly紧紧地；immediately立即；lightly轻微地；suddenly突然；fiercely激烈地；sightly悦目的。根据“Susan holds her umbrella...in the street when the wind blows...”结合语境可知，风应该很大，所以苏珊紧紧地握着伞。第一空应用tightly，第二空应用fiercely。故选C。
21．C 22．D 23．B 24．A 25．D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的自然灾害——太阳风暴。太阳风暴是由太阳耀斑引起的，它发生时会干扰网络通信系统，导致断网，断电，手机没信号等。
21．细节理解题。根据“A solar storm is caused by solar flares: large explosions near the sun that can give off lots ofenergy.”可知，太阳风暴是太阳附近的大爆炸，故选C。
22．词义猜测题。根据“your mobile phone loses its signal, the television has no programs, and you can’t get online with your computer.”可知这个时候电视没有节目，电脑不能上网，可推知此处指手机没有信号，划线单词意为：信号，与sign同义。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据“A solar storm is caused by solar flares (太阳耀斑): large explosions(爆炸) near the sun that can give off lots of energy…These storms can even cause the power to go out for weeks or months.”可知太阳风暴是由太阳耀斑引起的，太阳附近产生大爆炸，释放大量的能量，这个强大的能量阻止卫星系统，这些卫星系统控制我们的电脑，所以太阳风暴之后会造成不能上网。故正确的顺序是先发生太阳耀斑，太阳耀斑引起太阳风暴，之后产生的能量会阻止卫星系统，进而造成不能上网。故选B。
24．推理判断题。根据“In the past few months, scientists have recorded some of the strongest sun flares in years. The most recent one happened around Valentine’s Day, 2011. It caused radio and satellite signals to go down in some northern cities in China.”可知，2011年2月，中国北方一些城市的无线电和卫星信号下降，因为发生了强烈的太阳耀斑。故选A。
25．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了太阳风暴以及其造成的后果。故选D。
26．B 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．B
【导语】本文讲述了詹姆斯和詹妮弗带着他们五个月大的儿子在路上遭遇暴风雪，他们在雪里呆了五天，然后詹姆斯长途爬涉去寻找求援，最后一家人都活了下来的故事。
26．句意：雪很快就下得很大，变成了暴风雪。
thin瘦；strong强壮的，大量的；cold寒冷的；white白色的。根据“it became a blizzard (暴风雪)”可知，雪下得很大，strong符合语境。故选B。
27．句意：直到它结束的时候，路上有大约1.5米深的雪，开车很危险。
safe安全的；quick迅速的；dangerous危险的；easy容易的。根据“there was about 1.5 meters deep of snow on the road”可知，道路积雪厚，开车是危险的。故选C。
28．句意：他们寻找另一个人，但是没有一个人在继续旅行。
town镇；person人；hole洞；road马路。根据“there wasn’t one to travel on”可知，暴风雪中，他们想找到另一个人。故选B。
29．句意：他们吃了一些他们在车里的饼干，他们甚至用雪当水喝。
fruit水果；cookies饼干；snow雪；plants植物。根据“for water”可知，能化成水的应是雪。故选C。
30．句意：詹姆斯在雪地上挖了一个大洞，让詹妮弗和孩子待在里面，然后他开始长途跋涉去寻求帮助。
make money挣钱；get help获得帮助；see a doctor看医生；repair his car修车。根据下文“he was able to tell the people in the town where Jennifer and his son were. The people in the town hurried to save Jennifer and her baby. ”可知，詹姆斯长途爬涉是为了寻求帮助。故选B。
31．Yes, they do. 32．The most important thing is to stay calm. 33．You should call 119 at once. 34．Because it is dangerous. 35．It is mainly about how to keep safe in a fire.
【导语】本文介绍了如何在火灾中保证自身安全的方法。
31．根据“Many fires happen in China every year.”可知，中国每年都发生许多火灾，此处作肯定回答，故填Yes, they do.
32．根据“When a fire happens, remember, the most important thing is to stay calm.”可知，当火灾发生时，记住，最重要的是保持冷静，故填The most important thing is to stay calm.
33．根据“You should call 119 at once.”可知，你应该马上打119，故填You should call 119 at once.
34．根据“Do not jump out of the window or take a lift. It is dangerous. ”可知，因为很危险，故填Because it is dangerous.
35．根据“Knowing some ways to protect yourself will help to keep safe in the fire.”和“Remember these suggestions above, and you must protect yourself from a fire.”可知，本文介绍了如何在火灾中保证安全的方法，故填It is mainly about how to keep safe in a fire.
36．例文：
Fire-safety rules in pubic
Fire is very dangerous. Let’s talk about Fire-safety rules in pubic. Fire can start in the countryside, at school or in our home. We must be careful.
When we’re in the countryside, we can’t smoke. No camp-fires, no barbecues. And you must put your rubbish into the bin.
When we’re at home, we mustn’t smoke. Don’t play near the fire. Don’t cook without an adult!
At school when you hear the fire bell, you mustn’t run out of the classroom! Don’t pack your schoolbag! Don’t shout! Don’t run in the playground! Don’t push your classmates!
Let’s be careful with fire and keep away from the fire danger!
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇话题作文，写公共消防的一些规则；
② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③ 提示：根据所给提示完成写作，不能遗漏信息，包括可能发生火灾的地方以及我们应该如何做等。
[写作步骤]
第一步，总体指出要小心预防火灾；
第二步，具体介绍在不同的地方应该如何预防火灾的一些具体的做法；
第三步，最后是总结要小心火灾，远离火灾危险。
[亮点词汇]
① put...into...把……放入……里
② be careful with小心
③ keep away from远离
[高分句型]
① When we’re in the countryside, we can’t smoke.（when引导的时间状语从句）
② Don’t cook without an adult!（祈使句的否定式）教学目标
1）掌握U11的单词及语法 2）掌握阅读理解综合的做题思路及技巧
教学重点
1）U11的语法内容 2）学习并运用所学技巧完成四篇不同类型的阅读理解
Unit11 Controlling fire
考点1. control [k n'tr l]
【词性】v.
【词义】控制，抑制
【易混淆点】 in control of 控制…
in the control of 被…控制
【经典例句】
The pilot lost the control of the plane.
飞机失去了对飞机的控制。
考点2. cigarette [ siɡ ret]
【词性】n.
【词义】香烟
【易混淆点】cigarette n. 香烟
cigar n. 雪茄
【经典例句】
We should be careful with the cigarette ends.
我们应该小心烟蒂。
考点3. end [end]
【词性】n.
【词义】末端；尽头；末尾
【易混淆点】at the end of 在…的尽头/末端 （后加宾语）
in the end /at last/finally最后（单独使用）
【经典例句】
He is standing g at the end of a queue.
他正站在一排人的最后。
考点4.injured [' nd (r)d]
【词性】adj.
【词义】受伤的；受损害的
【易混淆点】injured adj. 受伤的；受损害的
wound n.（刀，枪等的）伤口
【经典例句】
People may be seriously injured on even lose their lives and homes
in a fire.
人们可能在火灾中严重受伤甚至失去生命和家园。
考点5.cause [k z]
【词性】v.
【词义】引起；导致
【易混淆点】cause n. 原因；起因（一般客观存在）
reason n. 理由（有可能虚构）
【经典例句】
What kind of people usually cause hill fires
什么类型的人通常会引起山林火灾？
考点6. stick [st k]
【词性】n.
【词义】棍；棒；柴枝
【易混淆点】stick n. 棍；棒；柴枝
chopstick n. n. 筷子
【经典例句】
Many ,many years ago, people used a stick , a large piece of wood
and dry leaves to make a fire.
很多很多年前，人们用一根木棍，一大块木头和干的树叶来生
火。
考点7.heat [hi t]
【词性1】n.
【词义1】热量
【词性2】v.
【词义2】加热
【易混淆点】heat n. 热量
heater n. 加热器
【经典例句】
They used fire to cook meat and to get light and heat.
他们用火来烧肉和获取光和热。
考点8. melt [melt]
【词性】v.
【词义】（使）融化；（使）熔化
【易混淆点】waste v. 浪费
save v. 节约
【经典例句】
In factories ,workers use fires to melt metals to make things of
different shapes.
在工厂里，工人用火来熔化金属来制成不同形状的东西。
考点9.burn [b n]
【词性】v.
【词义】燃烧；烧坏
【易混淆点】burnt/burned burn的过去式
burnt/burned burn的过去分词
【经典例句】
Every year, hill fires burn a lot of trees.
每年，山林火灾燃烧掉许多树林。
考点10. careless ['ke l s]
【词性】adj.
【词义】粗心的
【易混淆点】careless adj. 粗心的
careless adj.仔细的；认真的
【经典例句】
This is because there are many careless people.
这是因为有很多粗心的人们。
考点11. seriously ['s r sl ]
【词性】adv.
【词义】严重地
【易混淆点】seriously adv. 严重地
serious adj. 严重的
【经典例句】
People may be seriously injured on even lose their lives and homes
in a fire.
人们可能在火灾中严重受伤甚至失去生命和家园。
考点12. equipment [ 'kw pm( )nt]
【词性】n.
【词义】装备；设备
【易混淆点】equipment n. 装备；设备
equip v.装备；配备
【经典例句】
A fireman uses breathing equipment to breathe in smoky places.
消防员用呼吸装备在有烟雾的地方呼吸。
考点13. rescue ['reskju ]
【词性】v.
【词义】解救；援救；营救
【易混淆点】rescue v. 解救；援救；营救
rescuer n. 营救者
【经典例句】
A fireman uses a ladder to rescue people from tall buildings.
消防员用梯子从高楼上营救人们。
知识点一：重点词组
1）fire drill 消防演习
2）be careful with 小心…
3）lose one’s life 丧命；丧生
4）use sth. to do sth. 使用某物去做某事
5）a cigarette end 烟蒂
6）make a fire 生火
7）a large piece of wood 一大块木头
8）put out their barbecues fires 熄灭他们的篝火
9）put out fires 扑灭火灾
10）queue up in the corridor 在走廊排队
11）a fire extinguisher 灭火器
12）on the ground floor 在一层
13）outside the teachers’ office 在教室的办公室外面
知识点二：重点句型
1）Miss Guo has asked her students to do a project about fire.
Miss Guo让她的学生做一个关于火的调查报告。
2）What did they use fire to do
他们用火来干嘛呢？
3）What kind of people usually cause hill fires
什么类型的人通常会引起山林火灾？
4）What may happen if people are not careful with fire
如果人们不小心对待火的话，将会发生什么？
5）They uses fire to cook meat and to get light and heat.
他们用火来烧肉，获得光和热。
6）Today ,people use fires in many different ways.
今天，人们用不同的方式来使用火。
7）In factories ,workers use fires to melt metals to make things of
different shapes.
在工厂里，工人用火来熔化金属来制成不同形状的东西。
8）They leave burning cigarette ends or do not put out their barbecue
fires.
他们留下烟蒂或是没有熄灭他们的篝火。
9）People may be seriously injured on even lose their lives and homes in a fire.
人们可能在火灾中严重受伤甚至失去生命和家园。
10）She wants to write some rules for her students.
她为她的学生写了些法则。
11）Kitty and Alice have walked around their school to find out where the firefighting equipment is.
Kitty and Alice走访他们的学校来弄清消防设备在哪里。
知识点三：常见语法
1）情态动词may, must的用法
① must表示必须， must not 表示“禁止”，must be“可能”，
表示肯定的推测，
e.g. We mustn’t talk loudly in the library.
我们不能在图书馆大声说话
e.g. He didn’t come to school . He must be in hospital.
今天他没来学校。他肯定在医院。
② 对must，may的问句的肯定回答都是“Yes, …must.”。否定
回答是“No, you needn’t.”
e.g. -Must we hand in our homework today -Yes, you must./No,
you needn’t.
我们今天必须上交家庭作业吗？是的，必须。/不，不必了。
2）there be句型
①当there be句型主语多于两个时，谓语动词和邻近的主语保持一
致，即“就近原则”。
e.g. There is a pencil and two books on the desk.
桌子上有一支笔和两本书。
②there be 是一种客观存在，“哪里有”；have/has表示从属
关系，即“某人有”。
e.g. There is a football match on the playground this afternoon.
今天下午操场上有一场足球赛。
e.g. We will have an open day tomorrow.
明天我们将有一个开放日。
3）方位介词，表示地点的介词有“near”“outside”“in front of ”,
“in the front of ” “on”，“under”“above”等。
e.g. The teacher is standing in front of the classroom.
老师仄衡站在教室的前部。
4）序数词的用法
①第一，第二，第三分别是“first”,“second”,“third”
②第五，第十二分别是“fifth”，“twelfth”
③第八，第九“eighth”，“ninth”
④第几十“twentieth”
⑤第几十几“twenty -first”
（2）6BU11词性转换整理
序号 单词 词性 释义
1 use v. 使用
useless adj. 无用的
useful adj. 有用的
2 wood n. 木头
wooden adj. 木制的
3 hot adj. 热的
heat n. 热量
4 different adj. 不同的
difference n. 差别
5 dangerous adj. 危险的
danger n. 危险
6 injury n. 伤害
injured adj. 受伤的
7 lose v. 失去
lost adj. 丢失的
(3) 6B U11知识点整理
1）start作动词是“开始进行，使发生”的意思。
start to do sth. 开始去做某事
start doing sth.开始做某事
2）way 有“方法，方式”之意
固定搭配：in …way 用…方法
3）life“生命，生活”
指生命的时候，life是可数名词
指生活的时候，life是不可数名词
一、单项选择
1．The local food in Qibao Street smell good, but what does it _________ like
A．taste B．touch C．seem D．feel
2．—Hurry up. The bus is coming.
—Oh, no. We mustn’t cross the street ________ the traffic lights are green.
A．after B．since C．while D．until
3．Maria works more carefully and makes ________ mistakes than Sally.
A．many B．more C．few D．fewer
4．When a typhoon comes, we ________ put our flower pots outside our flats.
A．should B．must C．needn’t D．shouldn’t
5．Many animals in forests die ________ they lose their homes and food.
A．and B．but C．or D．because
6．_________ did you visit during the time when you were in Japan
A．What B．When C．Where D．Why
7．It’s not right to judge a book by its cover. Which of the following is correct for the underlined word
A．/dru:s/ B．/j k/ C．/d d / D．/'d gl/
8．Ben and Kitty are busy. Jill is helping ________ make a display board.
A．they B．them C．their D．themselves
9．More than ________ students went to the People’s Park.
A．five hundreds B．hundred of C．five hundred D．five hundred of
10．Sam hates rice dumplings. He would rather ________ some pizza.
A．to have B．have C．has D．having
11．In the past, there ________ only single-decker buses.
A．was B．is C．were D．are
12．Sharks are one of the ________ in the sea.
A．more dangerous animal B．most dangerous animals
C．more dangerous animals D．most dangerous animal
13．The film was so _________ that most of the audience kept screaming in fear while watching it last night.
A．exciting B．frightening C．boring D．amazing
14．I ________ my pet dog everywhere in the estate. It may be in danger.
A．have looked for B．have looked after
C．have looked around D．have looked at
15．It is difficult to ________ everyone.
A．pleasant B．pleased C．please D．pleasure
16．—I missed the wonderful basketball match.
—_________.
A．No problem B．What a pity C．Not at all D．Congratulations
17．We can save water ________ fixing a dripping tap.
A．by B．with C．through D．for
18．Books are made ________ wood.
A．of B．from C．in D．to
19．—What will Linda be like when she is 18
—She ________ .
A．likes to be a model B．will have long hair
C．will be a businesswoman D．will like singing
20．Susan holds her umbrella ________ in the street when the wind blows ________.
A．greatly; lightly B．quickly; suddenly
C．tightly; fiercely D．immediately; sightly
二、阅读理解
Imagine a perfect day: the weather is good and everything seems fine. When, suddenly, your mobile phone loses its signal, the television has no programs, and you can’t get online with your computer.
What has happened These are just the types of problems a solar storm （太阳风暴） might cause.
You may not think of storms as putting our society in danger. But today, a solar storm is as serious as other bad events, such as earthquakes.
A solar storm is caused by solar flares （太阳耀斑） large explosions （爆炸） near the sun that can give off lots of energy. The strong energy can stop the satellite systems （卫星系统） that control our computers, telecom networks and so on. These storms can even cause the power to go out for weeks or months.
In the past few months, scientists have recorded some of the strongest sun flares in years. The most recent one happened around Valentine’s Day, 2011. It caused radio and satellite signals to go down in some northern cities in China.
“Solar flare activity is going to be much worse than what we’ve seen in the past. We’re not talking about a few cities losing power, it could be half of the country, maybe more. ”, a US website about space weather, warned. Scientists say that little can be done to predict such a storm.
Governments around the world are trying to work together before the next storm, although they are not sure when that may happen.
根据短文内容, 选择最佳选项。
21．What are solar flares according to the passage
A．Telecom networks. B．Solar storms.
C．Large explosions near the sun. D．US websites.
22．What does the underlined word “signal” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Electricity. B．Music. C．Light. D．Sign.
23．Which is the right order of the following things
①Solar flares give off lots of energy. ②People cannot get online with their computers.
③Solar storms happen. ④Satellite systems are stopped.
A．①②③④ B．①③④② C．③①②④ D．③②①④
24．Why did the radio and satellite signals go down in some northern cities in China in February, 2011
A．Because a strong sun flare happened. B．Because an earthquake happened.
C．Because a solar storm stopped. D．Because the satellite systems didn’t work.
25．What is the passage mainly about
A．Asking people to prevent the solar storm from happening.
B．Telling people how to solve the problems caused by solar storms.
C．Calling for scientists to predict when the next solar storm will happen.
D．Introducing what solar storms are to people.
三、完形填空
Choose the best words or expressions to complete the passage. (选择最恰当的单词或短语完成短文)
James and Jennifer were driving from Nevada to Idaho with their five-month-old son. Shortly after their leaving home it began to snow. The snow was soon so 26 that it became a blizzard (暴风雪). The blizzard went on for many hours. By the time it was over, there was about 1.5 meters deep of snow on the road and it was 27 to drive. They looked around for a house to stay in, but they could see nothing. They looked for another 28 but there wasn’t one to travel on. They had to stay where they were. They stayed there for five days. They had very little to eat or drink. They ate some cookies they had in the car, and they even had 29 for water. Jennifer was able to feed her baby herself.
After five days , they knew they could no longer stay in their car. James made a large hole in the snow for Jennifer and the baby to stay in, and he started the long walk to 30 . In 22 hours he walked over 45 kilometers. At last he got to the town of Vya. James was very tired and could not even speak, but he was able to tell the people in the town where Jennifer and his son were. The people in the town hurried to save Jennifer and her baby. When they found them, the baby was crying loudly. They took them to hospital, where the doctors looked after them.
Many people thought it was a miracle (奇迹) that the family didn’t die in such a blizzard.
26．A．thin B．strong C．cold D．white
27．A．safe B．quick C．dangerous D．easy
28．A．town B．person C．hole D．road
29．A．fruit B．cookies C．snow D．plants
30．A．make money B．get help C．see a doctor D．repair his car
四、任务型阅读
Many fires happen in China every year. Many people are hurt or die in the fire. Knowing some ways to protect yourself will help to keep safe in the fire.
When a fire happens, remember, the most important thing is to stay calm. You should call 119 at once. If the fire is not very serious, turn off all the lights and gas. Find some clothes and make them wet. Put on the wet clothes, cover your face and run out of the building. Do not jump out of the window or take a lift. It is dangerous. If you cannot run out of the room, remember the safest place is close to water, like washroom.
Remember these suggestions above, and you must protect yourself from a fire.
31．Do many fires happen in China every year
32．What is the most important thing to do when a fire happens
33．What should you do at once when a fire happens
34．Why can’t you take a lift when a fire happens
35．What is the passage mainly about
五、书面表达
36．Write at least 50 words about the topic “Fire-safety rules in pubic” using the following questions for reference.（请根据提示问题，以“公共消防安全规则”为题写一篇短文，不少于50个词，标点符号不占格）
Suggested questions:
（1）What do you think of the fire
（2）What are the fire-safety rules
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