限制性定语从句（关系副词）&必修第一册 Unit3-Unit5 知
识回顾
目录 温习知识：温习知识(词汇，易错考点) 语法导航：温习语法知识 写作导航：温习重点写作 小试牛刀：核心单词语法填空+真题演练
(
Unit 3 Sports
and
Fitness
)
host n. 主人；东道主； （电视或广播的）节目 主持人 vt.主办,主持活 动;做东；主持节目 用法：a host country/city 主办国、城市 ; play host to…主办 …;接待 …拓展: n.女主人；女视或广播节目的）女主持人
honour n.荣誉，名誉； 尊敬，尊重；光荣，荣 幸 用法：have the honour of sth/doing sth 得到某殊荣、有幸做某事 为向某人、某事表示敬意 It is honour (for sb.)to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是种荣幸。 拓展：vt.尊敬。尊重（某人）；给予表扬（或奖励、头衔、称号） honour sb with sth.某事使某人感到荣幸；（+for sth.）(因某事给予某人奖励或表扬) be/feel honoured (to do sth)(做某事)感到荣幸
determination n.决心， 鉴定；决定，确定 用法：show/have determination to do sth.显示出、有决心做某事; with determination 顽强地；坚定地 拓展： vi & vi.查明；确定；决心，决定; determine on doing sth 决 定做某事; determine to do sth 决定/决心做某事 ; adj.坚决的，坚定的；有决 心的 be determined to do sth 决心做某事; be determined that…决定/决意 …
injurevt.使受伤；损害 用法: injure sb/oneself 使某人/自己受伤； be/get badly/seriously injured 严重受伤 injure one’s pride/feelings 伤害某人的自尊/情感
拓展: 受伤； 弄伤自己; 伤员
strength n.力量；体力； 优点，长处 用法：have the strength to do sth 有做某事的力气/意志； build up one’s strength 增 加体力 with all one’s strength 用尽全身力气 拓展： adj. vt. 加强；巩固
failure n.失败；失败的 人或事物 用法: end in failure 以失败告终； learn through failure 从失败中学习 ; consider oneself a 认为自己是个失败者 拓展： is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母。
compete vi 竞争；对抗 用法：compete for 为 … 竞争; compete against/with 跟 … 竞争； compete in 在 … 方 面竞争 compete to do sth 竞相做某事 拓展： n. 比赛者，竞争者 n. 比赛，竞争
pretend vi & vt. 假装； 装扮 用法：pretend (not)to do sth 假装不做某；pretend stn 假装在做某 事 pretend to sth 假装做过某； pretend to be sb/sth 假装是某人/某物； pretend that…假装 … .
positive adj.积极的，正 面的，乐观的，肯定的 用法: a positive attitude to/towards life 对生活积极乐观的态度 be positive about his new job 对她的新工作积极乐观的态度 take positive step/action/measures to do sth.采取积极的行动（措施）来做某事
stress n. 压力；紧张； 重音 vt 强调；重读； 使焦虑不安 用法： 在压力下; stress 承受压力; 减少压力 stress the importance of hard work 强调努力工作的重要性
compare…with/to… 与… 比较 n. comparison 比较 拓展： 与 …相比 ; compare A to B 把 A 比作 B; compare notes（with sb）和某人交换看法、交换意见; by/in comparison with…与 …相比 ; make a comparison 进行对比
单词变形练习
1.It is also a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and (stress) society. 2. My cousin gave me a (determine) look—the kind that said she would not change her mind. 3.The sun was out again, and it was a （glory)day.
4.Any (injure) to a child is a great concern to parents.
5. The first prize was awarded to the youngest (compete).
6. (fit) has become an important element in our lives.
7.They’ve held the (champion) for the past two years.
8. We students should （strong) our security awareness.
9.In life, it’s natural that we all experience successes and （fail).
10.I'm so (honour) to know about your dream and blueprint.
(
Unit 4 Natural Disasters
)
destroy vt. (destroyed, destroyed ).摧毁，毁灭； n. 摧毁；毁灭；破坏 adj. 破坏性的；引起破坏的
affect v. 影响；侵袭；深深 打动 n. 喜爱； 钟爱 have an affection for … 喜爱 ….. affecting adj. 动人的，感人的 对比： effect n.作用; 影响 in effect=in fact have an effect on …对 …有影响 bring /put sth .into effect 实行，使生效 come into effect 生效，开始实施
deadly adj 致命的；极度的， 彻底的 adv. 死一般地，极其， 非常 adj 垂死的；临终的 渴望/极想 … .. be dying to do … 极想做 … ..
shock n. 震惊；令人震惊的 事；休克 vt. 使震惊，使惊愕 be a shock to sb 对某人来说是一个打击 be in a state of shock 惊魂未定 be shocked at/by…对 …感到震惊 be shocked to do sth .对做某事感到震惊 adj.感到震惊的 adj. 令人震惊 的 it is shocking that … 令人震惊 的 是…….
trap vt ( trapped , trapped) 使 陷入困境；卡住；使陷入全套 n. 陷阱，圈套；困境 be trapped in 被困在 … . 中 trapped sb into sth 诱骗某人做某事 set/lay a trap 设下陷阱；圈套 fall into a trap 掉进陷阱；落入圈套
bury vt. ( buried, buried ). 埋 葬；埋藏；覆盖；遮盖 ; vt. 使陷入 bury one’s head/face in one’s hands 双手抱头、掩面 专心致志于做某事 埋头作某事
effort n.气力；努力；费力的 事; n.艰难的尝试，试图；尽力 with an effort 努力地，费力地 pay effort into…. 对 …付出努力 make an effort 做出努力 make every effort to do sth in an effort to do sth 尽力/试图做某事
suffer vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤) 患 … ..疾病；受 … .之苦（不能用于被动语态）
受苦， 受难， 受折磨; vt.遭受， 经历（后常跟抽 象 名 词 ， 如 pain,defeat,loss .damage） n.患病者；受难者 n.痛苦；磨难
survive vt.幸存， 幸免于难， 艰 难度过（其宾语通常是 war, accident, flood, fire, earthquake, air crash）vi.生存， 存活，继续存在; vt.比 …… 活 的时间长 survive from ...从... 中保留下来 survive on ... 依靠 …生存下来 survive sb by +时间 比某人多活…… n.幸存，生存，存活；残留物 n.幸存者， 生还者
aid n. 帮助；救援物质; v.帮助， 援助 first /emergency aid 急救/紧急援助 come to one’s aid 来帮助某人 in aid of ...为了帮助... with the aid of …在 … 的帮助下 aid sb in doing sth =aid sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 aid sb in/with sth 在某事上帮助某人
strike vi. ＆ vt. ( struck, struck/stricken)侵袭，突击；击 打; n.罢工；罢课；袭击 be struck with /by 被 …打动 strike… into one’s heart 使 … 刻骨铭心 It strikes/hits sb that…(=it occurs to sb that…)某人突然想起 … be on strike 在罢工（状态） go on strike 举行罢工（动作） end /call off a strike 结束罢工
deliver vt,＆vi. 递送；传达 vt. 发表；接生；助产；分娩 deliver sth to sb 把某物送给某人 deliver a speech/lecture 发表演讲 be delivered of a baby 生产，分娩 n.递送；分娩；演讲方式
单词变形练习
1.If cancers are spotted early, there is a high chance of (survive).
2.There is worldwide concern about the (destroy) of the rainforests.
3.I was looking for my handbag, which (bury) under a pile of books .
4.The stream has frozen up and you can see the fish (trap) in the ice.
5.Thanks to recent research , (effect) treatments are available.
6.He felt too (shock) to move. His world had been turned upside down.
7.Dry hair can (damage)by washing it too frequently.
8.Mike ran out of the fields looking for places (hide),and fish jumped out of the water.
9.But city’s one million people (be) asleep as usual that night.
10.Indian (office)said as many as 1,900 had been killed along the southern coast.
11.Another 254 were found (die) in Thailand and 54 in three other countries.
12.We had to leave everything and run to (safe).
13.Thousands of people are still missing ,and the number of deaths is expected to grow even (high) over the
next few days.
14.A summary should be around one third the (long) of the original text.
(
Unit 5
Music
)
perform Vt& vi 表演；演出 履行；执行 运转；工作 perform/play an important role in 在…… 中起重要的作用 n a. 表演 【C】 b.表现【U】 C. 履行；执行【U】 n 表演者；演员
enable vt 使能够 (1).enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事 add … to … 把 …加到 … (2). adj. 能；能够 be able to do sth. 能够做某事 (3). n 能力 have an/ the ability to do sth 有能力去做某事
reward vt 奖赏 reward sb for sth 因某事奖赏某人 reward sb with sth 用某物回报某人 n 报 酬；奖赏 in reward for 作为对 … 的回报
original adj 原来的；起初 的； adv 起初 = at first Originally …… then …
capable adj. 有能力的 ；有才 能的 be capable of (doing) sth. 有能力做某事 n. 能力
relief n. (焦虑、痛苦的)减轻 或消，(不快过后的)宽慰、轻 松或解脱 in relief 如释重负；松了口气 what a relief! 终于放心了！ (much) to one‘s relief (非常）使某人欣慰的是;（非常)令某人安心的是 It is a relief to do sth 做 …是件令人欣慰的事 a relief for sth 对 …是一种缓解 relief from/of …… …… 的减轻，缓和，消除 relieve sb. of sth. 帮助某人减轻…… 的负担,解除某人的……职务 relieve one‘s pain/pressure 减轻某人的痛苦/压力
impact n. 巨大影响， 强大作用， 冲击 力 V. 对某事物有影响，作用 对某物/某人有巨大影响 impact on/ upon... 对...有影响/作用
talent n 天才;天赋 have a talent/gift for 在……方面有天赋 adj. 有才能的，有才干的 be talented/gifted in 在……方面有才能
satisfaction n. 满足；满意；欣 慰 1.a sense of satisfaction 一种满足感 with satisfaction 满足地 to one’s satisfaction= to the satisfaction of sb. 使某人满意
a satisfaction to sb. 对某人来说是一件满意的事 2. vt. 使满足，使满意 satisfy/meet one’s needs/demands 满足某人的要求 3. adj. 感到满意的 be satisfied to do... 愿意做…… adj 令人满意的 = satisfactory far from satisfactory 远非令人满意
reaction n. 反应；回应 n 反应；回应 reaction to 对…… 的反应 vi. 回应；抗拒；反应 react to sb/sth 对某人/某物作出反应；回应 react against 反抗，反对
单词变形练习.
1 ．In spite of all the problems, several of the players produced excellent (perform) .
2 ．Ludwig van Beethoven was a German (compose) and pianist.
3 ． (inspire) by his example, we went on working again.
4 ．I got no (satisfy) from the customer complain department.
5 ．The loan (enable) Jan to buy the house.
6 ．My immediate (react) was to back down.
7 ．There are (variety) ways to answer your question.
8 ．She got great (satisfy) from helping people to learn.
9 ．There have been great advances in the (treat) of cancer.
10 ．It was impossible to make (assume) about people's reaction.
11 ．They were completely (absorb) in each other.
12 ．We all breathed a sigh of (relieve) when he left.
13. What was Jeff's (react) when you told him about the job
定语从句（二）
关系副词的用法
一．关系副词的基本用法
关系副词 在从句中 的作用 例句
When (=at/in/ on+which) 时间状语 I shall never forget the day we moved into our new house. （先行词 the day 还原到从句中为: we moved into our new house on the day , 作时
间状语，用 when 或 on which） 我永远不会忘记我们搬入新房子的那一天。
Where （=at/ in/on +which） 地点状语 This is the house I lived two years ago. （先行词 the house 还原到从句中 为: I lived in the house two years ago, 作地点状语，用 where 或 in which）这就是 我两年前居住的房子。
Why (=for which ) 原因状语 There are many reasons people like traveling. （先行词 the reason 还原到从句中为: people like traveling for the reasons, 作原因 状语，用 why 或 for which） 人们喜欢旅游有很多原因。
二．关系副词和关系代词的正确使用
先行词 在定语 从句中 充当状 语，则用 关系副 词；主宾 表，则用 关系代 词 I’ll never forget the day I worked with you on the farm. (先行词 the day 还原到从句中为: I worked with you on the farm on the day, 作时间状语，用 when 或 on which) 我永远不会忘记我们在农场一起工作的那一天。 He works in the factory these bikes are made. (先行词 the factory 还原到从句中为: these bike are made in the factory, 作地点状语, 用 where 或 in which) 他在制造这些自行车的那个工厂工作。 This is the reason he explained to us. (先行词 the reason 还原到从句中为: he explained the reason to us, 作 explained 的宾语，用 that/ which) 这就是他对我们解释的理由。 I don’t know the reason he was so angry.( 先行词 the reason 还原到从句中为: he was so ang for the reason, 作原因状语， 用 why 或 for which)我不知道他如此生气的原因。
三．关系副词易错点：
1.where 指 代 抽 象 地 点 ， 意 为 “ 在 …… 中（下） where 既可以指代 具体的地点名词， 也可指代抽象地点 名词，常见的抽象 地点名词： situation, condition, scene, stage, position, case, point 等。 I have reached a point in my life I should make decisions of my own. 我已经到了一个在我人生中自己做决定的地步了。 Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment they live. 目前人们更加关心他们所居住的环境。 Life is like a long race we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. 人生像一场长跑比赛, 我们在比赛中和他人竞争以超越自己。
2.when 指 代抽象时 间，意思为 when 既可 以指代 具体的时间名词， 也可指代抽象时间 Occasions are quite rare I have the time to spend a day with my kids.我有时间和孩子们呆一天的机会很少。 We are living in an age many things are done on computers. 我们生
“ 在 …… 的时间里” 名词 ， 常见的有 occasion（时机）, time, age, period 等。 活在一个许多事情靠计算机来做的时代。
3.why 不能引导非限制性定语从 句，要用 for which。 I have told him the reason, I missed the early bus. 我没赶上早班车 我已经告诉了他原因。
4.way 作 先行词 ①way 充当方式状 语，引导词用 that 或 in which ，也 可省略 。 （注意 how 不能引导定语 从句。） ② 充 当主语 、 宾 语，引导词用 that 或 which， 做主语 时不可省略，做宾 语时可省略。 This is the way he solved the problem. (先行词 the way 还原到定语从句中为： he solved the problem in the way， 作方式状语，引导词用 that 或 in which，也可省略。 ) 这就是他解决问题的方法。 This is the way he used to solve the problem. (the way 作 used 的宾语，that/which 可省略) 这就是他所使用的解决问题的方法。 This is the way was used to solve the problem. (the way 作 was used 的主语，that/which 不可省略) 这就是被使用的解决问题的方法。
5.” 介词 + 关系代词” 引导的定 语从句 A. 若先行词指 人，关系代词 whom；若先行 词指物， 关系 代词用 which。 It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer I went for advice.那是在 1952 年，曼德拉是我寻求建议的那位黑人律师。 I’ll never forget the day first met Lucy.我永远不会忘记初次见露西的那 一天。 This is the town Shakespeare was born.这就是莎士比亚出生的城镇。 I’d like you to explain the reason you were absent.我想让你解释一下你 没来的原因。
B.关系代词前介词的选择。 将先行词还原到定语从 句中，即可确定介词。 （1）I can’t remember the age at he won the prize.我记不起他 获奖时的年龄了。 (at the age） （2 ）The documents they were searching have been recovered.他们正在寻找的文件已经找到了。（search for） （3）The colorless gas we cannot live is called oxygen. 这种无色的气体叫作氧气，没有了它我们无法生存。
C.介词可以后移， 此时关系 代词可以省略（省略时， 介 词必须后移） This is the book for which you asked. =This is the book which/that you asked for. 这是你要的那本书。 注意 一些与动词搭配的介词可以提到关系代词之前构成“介词＋关系代词” 结构，但有些含有介词的动词短语一般不能拆开，如 look for, look after, call on, care for, hear of, take care of 等。 . 我必须要照顾的最小的妹妹非常可爱。 【正】My youngest sister, whom have to look after, is very lovely. 【误】My youngest sister, after whom have to look, is very lovely.
用适当的关系副词或关系代词填空
1. I still remember the day I first came to Beijing.
2.This is the room my grandparents lived last year.
3.Do you know the reason he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party.
4.This is the hospital my mother works.
5.That is the reason I did the job.
6. we know, this is the day the quake happened thirty-five years ago.
7.He works in a factory makes this type of iPhone.
8.This is the hospital we visited the day before yesterday.
9. Finally he reached a lonely island was completely cut off from the outside world.
10.The way our chemistry teacher did the experiment was very interesting.
Sportsandfitness锻炼与健康
假设你是李华， 你的美国笔友 Mark 来信说他经常吃垃圾食品， 又不爱运动， 导致身体肥胖， 有点自卑。现 在请你给他写封回信，劝说他远离垃圾食品，健康饮食，内容包括： 1.垃圾食品的危害； 2.多运动的好处；
3.要学会自信。
Dear Mark,
you usually eat junk food and don't like to
exercise, obesity and made you less confident, .
Just like you, I eating junk food and dislike taking exercise. However, everything changed when I knew about the danger of eating junk food. In fact, teenagers junk food. And eating junk food can also many health problems. the bad habit and begin to , because more exercise
can , you will build up confidence gradually.
I hope my advice you. your good news.
一切都好吗 了解到你经常吃垃圾食品， 不喜欢锻炼， 导致肥胖， 使你不自信(定语从句) ，我写信给你
一些建议。
和你一样， 我以前喜欢吃垃圾食品， 不喜欢锻炼。然而， 当我知道吃垃圾食品的危害时， 一切都变了。 事实上，青少年不能从垃圾食品中获得任何有用的营养。吃垃圾食品也会导致许多健康问题。你很有必要 改掉这个不好的习惯，开始 尽可能多地进行户外运动，因为更多的运动可以 帮助你控制你的体重和保持健
康。只要你保持健康的生活方式，你就会 逐渐建立起自信。
我希望我的建议对你有帮助。我期待着你的好消息。
自然灾害(新闻报道)
An earthquake 6.0 hit Changning County of Yibin in China's Sichuan Province at 22:55 on June 17, 2019. 12 people were killed and 134 were injured during the earthquake. Besides, many roads and thousands of houses were destroyed. the earthquake, rescue workers and medical teams the earthquake-stricken[ str k n] areas the rescue work.
Meanwhile, some food and other supplies these areas. ,
the whole nation, people of the stricken areas soon recovered and their
life .
2019 年 6 月 17 日 22 时 55 分，四川省宜宾长宁县发生 6.0 级地震。地震造成 12 人死亡，134 人受伤。 此外，许多道路和成千上万的房屋被毁。地震发生后 不久，救援人员和医疗队 就被派往地震灾区协助救援 工作。同时，一些食品和其他物资也被送往这些地区。令我们欣慰的是，在全国人民的帮助下，灾区人民
很快恢复了健康，生活恢复了正常。
语言学习
假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友 Devin 在这次汉语水平考试中失利，请你给他写一封电子邮件， 内容包括：
1.表示安慰 2.提出建议
Dear Devin,
Sorry to hear that you failed to pass the HSK test, I am writing to give you some advice on how to learn
Chinese well, .
, you had better pay more attention to the usage of the words and expressions, which is really very important. , it is necessary to watch more Chinese movies, which contributes to improving your listening and speaking. , it couldn’t be better if you can stick to keeping a diary in Chinese, which is of great benefit to your writing. , you can turn to your teachers, who can offer you a helping hand. , you should form the habit of learning
from the mistakes that you have made, which can help you avoid making the same mistake. As the saying goes,
“ .”
will make great progress.
, you
I do hope my advice can be of great help to you. I am looking forward to your good news. 很难过听说你 HSK 考试未过,我写信给你一些关于如何学好汉语的建议，建议如下。
首先，你 最好多注意单词和短语的用法，这真的很重要 。而且，很有必要多看点中文电影，有助于提
高你的听力和口语。此外，如果你能 坚持写中文日记的话那是再好不过了，这对你的写作有好处。更重要 的是， 你可以向老师求助， 他们可以给你伸出援助之手。最后但最重要的是，你应该 养成纠错的习惯，有 助于避免犯同样的错误。正如那句谚语所说，“有志者，事竟成” 。 我坚信，有你的耐心和努力，你会取得
很大的进步。
我真地希望我的建议对你有很大帮助。我期待你的好消息。
一、核心单词语法填空
一
语法填空
There are lots of famous athletes at home and abroad. They bring honour and glory to their countries. Not only their skills but also their mental 1. (strong) they show2. (be)impressive. They all have a strong will and it's never easy for them 3. (give) up. When the Chinese women’s volleyball team 4. (prepare) for the 2015 World Cup, two important players had to leave. Lang Ping, the coach, didn’t lose heart. She 5. (firm) believed that her young players would win. Two weeks 6. (late), they did become world champions! Michael Jordan, known 7. “ Air Jordan”, says that the secret to his 8. (succeed) is 9.(learn) from his failures.“I can accept failure;everyone10. (fail)
at something. But I can’t accept not trying.”
二
语法填空
Several days before July 28th,1976,many strange things happened in Tangshan.The water in the village wells rose 1. fell. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst .They were 2. (sign)for the earthquake .But people in the city didn’t think much 3. these events. At 3:42 a.m. that day ,the earth began to smoke,4. destroyed the city .Many people ,5. (include) rescue workers and doctors ,came to rescue those 6. (trap)under the ruins.7. (late)that afternoon, another big quake struck Tangshan .More people 8. (kill)or injured and 9. (many)buildings fell down. Solders were called in to help the rescue
workers .Teams were organized to dig out 10. trapped and to bury the dead.
三
语法填空
Nowadays many singers and bands have little to do with good music. They know little about 1 ． good music
means. What is the cause
Most of these singers so far 2 ． (see) music as a “job” because it is a good source of making money. And
if you have a good appearance and expensive clothes to show off at your concerts then your voice is not
3 ． important as it should be. The public will prefer to admire more the most interesting parts of your body and
even forget that you are there 4 ． (show) your music skills, not your dancing, which is important too, but not
at such 5 ． high level.
Therefore, many young girls on TV choose to wear the most provocative (挑逗性的) clothes to catch attention, 6 ． when it comes to 7 ． (sing), they are in a complete mess and one doesn't need to have an ear
8 ． music to notice their lack of talent.
However, the young generation should understand talent and a good voice matter more in their musical
career.All the performances that have little to do with good music fail 9 ． (welcome) on stage. If a young man has a great voice and wants to become a 10 ． (success) singer, he should take some special courses in this area
because they will help him improve singing abilities.
2023 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标Ⅱ卷)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it,
the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals
Since June 2017, right before the 36 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 37 (confidence) speaking English.
And who do they speak English 38
Not the pandas, even though 39 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 40 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check
on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give 41 (interview) in English
with international journalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the
panda programme develop 44 to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 45 (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job
in English.限制性定语从句（关系副词）&必修第一册 Unit3-Unit5 知
识回顾
目录 温习知识：温习知识(词汇，易错考点) 语法导航：温习语法知识 写作导航：温习重点写作 小试牛刀：核心单词语法填空+真题演练
(
Unit 3 Sports
and
Fitness
)
host n. 主人；东道主； （电视或广播的）节目 主持人 vt.主办,主持活 动;做东；主持节目 用法：a host country/city 主办国、城市 ; play host to…主办 …;接待 …拓展: hostes n.女主人；女视或广播节目的）女主持人
honour n.荣誉，名誉； 尊敬，尊重；光荣，荣 幸 用法：have the honour of sth/doing sth 得到某殊荣、有幸做某事 in honour of sb/sth=in sb’s/sth’s honour 为向某人、某事表示敬意 It is an honour (for sb.)to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是种荣幸。 拓展：vt.尊敬。尊重（某人）；给予表扬（或奖励、头衔、称号） honour sb with sth.某事使某人感到荣幸；（+for sth.）(因某事给予某人奖励或表扬) be/feel honoured (to do sth)(做某事)感到荣幸
determination n.决心， 鉴定；决定，确定 用法：show/have determination to do sth.显示出、有决心做某事; with determination 顽强地；坚定地 拓展：determine vi & vi.查明；确定；决心，决定; determine on doing sth 决定做某 事; determine to do sth 决定/决心做某事 ; determined adj.坚决的，坚定的；有决心的 be determined to do sth 决心做某事; be determined that…决定/决意 …
injurevt.使受伤；损害 用法: injure sb/oneself 使某人/自己受伤； be/get badly/seriously injured 严重受伤 injure one’s pride/feelings 伤害某人的自尊/情感 拓展: suffer/get/receive an injury 受伤； do oneself an injury=hurt oneself 弄伤自己;
the injured 伤员
strength n.力量；体力； 优点，长处 用法：have the strength to do sth 有做某事的力气/意志； build up one’s strength 增 加体力 with all one’s strength 用尽全身力气 拓展： adj. strong vt. Strengthen 加强；巩固
failure n.失败；失败的 人或事物 用法: end in failure 以失败告终； learn through failure 从失败中学习 ; consider oneself a failure 认为自己是个失败者 拓展： failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母。
compete vi 竞争；对抗 用法：compete for 为 … 竞争; compete against/with 跟 … 竞争； compete in 在 … 方 面竞争 compete to do sth 竞相做某事 拓展： n. competitor 比赛者，竞争者 competition n. 比赛，竞争
pretend vi & vt. 假装； 装扮 用法：pretend (not)to do sth 假装不做某； pretend to be doing stn 假装在做某事 pretend to have done sth 假装做过某； pretend to be sb/sth 假装是某人/某物；pretend that…假装 … .
positive adj.积极的，正 面的，乐观的，肯定的 用法: a positive attitude to/towards life 对生活积极乐观的态度 be positive about his new job 对她的新工作积极乐观的态度 take positive step/action/measures to do sth.采取积极的行动（措施）来做某事
stress n. 压力；紧张； 重音 vt 强调；重读； 使焦虑不安 用法： under stress 在压力下; suffer from stress 承受压力; reduce stress 减少压力 stress the importance of hard work 强调努力工作的重要性
compare…with/to… 与… 比较 n. comparison 比较 拓展： compared with/to 与 …相比 ; compare A to B 把 A 比作 B; compare notes（with sb）和某人交换看法、交换意见; by/in comparison with…与 …相比 ; make a comparison 进行对比
单词变形练习
1.It is also a virtue to forgive and forget, especially in such a competitive and (stress) society. 2. My cousin gave me a (determine) look—the kind that said she would not change her mind. 3.The sun was out again, and it was a （glory)day.
4.Any (injure) to a child is a great concern to parents.
5. The first prize was awarded to the youngest (compete).
6. (fit) has become an important element in our lives.
7.They’ve held the (champion) for the past two years.
8. We students should （strong) our security awareness.
9.In life, it’s natural that we all experience successes and （fail).
10.I'm so (honour) to know about your dream and blueprint.
1.stressful 2.determined 3.glorious 4.injury 5.competitor 6.Fitness 7.championship 8.strengthen
9.failures 10.honored
(
Unit 4 Natural Disasters
)
destroy vt. (destroyed, destroyed ).摧毁，毁灭； destruction n. 摧毁；毁灭；破坏 destructive adj. 破坏性的；引起破坏的
affect v. 影响；侵袭；深深 打动 affection n. 喜爱；钟爱 have an affection for …喜爱 ….. affecting adj. 动人 的，感人的 对比： effect n.作用; 影响 in effect=in fact have an effect on …对 …有影响 bring /put sth .into effect 实行，使生效 come into effect 生效，开始实施
deadly adj 致命的；极度的， 彻底的 adv. 死一般地，极其， 非常 dying adj 垂死的；临终的 be dying for…渴望/极想 … .. be dying to do … 极想做 … ..
shock n. 震惊；令人震惊的 事；休克 vt. 使震惊，使惊愕 be a shock to sb 对某人来说是一个打击 be in a state of shock 惊魂未定 be shocked at/by…对 …感到震惊 be shocked to do sth .对做某事感到震惊 shocked adj.感到震惊的 shocking adj. 令人震惊的 it is shocking that … 令人震惊的是 … … .
trap vt ( trapped , trapped) 使 陷入困境；卡住；使陷入全套 n. 陷阱，圈套；困境 be trapped in 被困在 … . 中 trapped sb into doing sth 诱骗某人做某事 set/lay a trap 设下陷阱；圈套 fall into a trap 掉进陷阱；落入圈套
bury vt. ( buried, buried ). 埋 葬；埋藏；覆盖；遮盖 ; vt. 使陷入 bury one’s head/face in one’s hands 双手抱头、掩面 be buried in doing sth 专心致志于做某事 bury oneself in doing sth 埋头作某事
effort n.气力；努力；费力的 事; n.艰难的尝试，试图；尽力 with an effort 努力地，费力地 pay effort into…. 对 …付出努力 make an effort 做出努力 make every effort to do sth in an effort to do sth 尽力/试图做某事
suffer vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤) 受苦， 受难， 受折磨; vt.遭受， suffer from….患 … ..疾病；受 … .之苦（不能用于被动语态） sufferer n.患病者；受难者
经历（后常跟抽 象 名 词 ， 如 pain,defeat,loss .damage） suffering n.痛苦；磨难
survive vt.幸存， 幸免于难， 艰 难度过（其宾语通常是 war, accident, flood, fire, earthquake, air crash）vi.生存， 存活，继续存在; vt.比 …… 活 的时间长 survive from ...从... 中保留下来 survive on ... 依靠 …生存下来 survive sb by +时间 比某人多活…… survival n.幸存，生存，存活；残留物 survivor n.幸存者，生还者
aid n. 帮助；救援物质; v.帮助， 援助 first /emergency aid 急救/紧急援助 come to one’s aid 来帮助某人 in aid of ...为了帮助... with the aid of …在 … 的帮助下 aid sb in doing sth =aid sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 aid sb in/with sth 在某事上帮助某人
strike vi. ＆ vt. ( struck, struck/stricken)侵袭，突击；击 打; n.罢工；罢课；袭击 be struck with /by 被 …打动 strike… into one’s heart 使 … 刻骨铭心 It strikes/hits sb that…(=it occurs to sb that…)某人突然想起 … be on strike 在罢工（状态） go on strike 举行罢工（动作） end /call off a strike 结束罢工
deliver vt,＆vi. 递送；传达 vt. 发表；接生；助产；分娩 deliver sth to sb 把某物送给某人 deliver a speech/lecture 发表演讲 be delivered of a baby 生产，分娩 delivery n.递送；分娩；演讲方式
单词变形练习
1.If cancers are spotted early, there is a high chance of (survive).
2.There is worldwide concern about the (destroy) of the rainforests.
3.I was looking for my handbag, which (bury) under a pile of books .
4.The stream has frozen up and you can see the fish (trap) in the ice.
5.Thanks to recent research , (effect) treatments are available.
6.He felt too (shock) to move. His world had been turned upside down.
7.Dry hair can (damage)by washing it too frequently.
8.Mike ran out of the fields looking for places (hide),and fish jumped out of the water.
9.But city’s one million people (be) asleep as usual that night.
10.Indian (office)said as many as 1,900 had been killed along the southern coast.
11.Another 254 were found (die) in Thailand and 54 in three other countries.
12.We had to leave everything and run to (safe).
13.Thousands of people are still missing ,and the number of deaths is expected to grow even (high) over the
next few days.
14.A summary should be around one third the (long) of the original text.
1. survival 2. destruction 3.was buried 4.trapped 5.effective 6.shocked 7. be damaged 8.to hide
9.were 10.officials 11.dead 12.safety 13.higher 14.length
(
Unit 5
Music
)
perform Vt& vi 表演；演出 履行；执行 运转；工作 perform/play an important role in 在…… 中起重要的作用 performance n a. 表演 【C】 b.表现【U】 C. 履行；执行【U】 performer n 表演者；演员
enable vt 使能够 (1).enable sb. to do sth. 使某人能够做某事 add … to … 把 …加到 … (2).able adj. 能；能够 be able to do sth. 能够做某事 (3). ability n 能力 have an/ the ability to do sth 有能力去做某事
reward vt 奖赏 reward sb for sth 因某事奖赏某人 reward sb with sth 用某物回报某人 n 报 酬；奖赏 in reward for 作为对 … 的回报
original adj 原来的；起初 的； originally adv 起初 = at first Originally …… then …
capable adj. 有能力的 ；有才 能的 be capable of (doing) sth. 有能力做某事 capability n. 能力
relief n. (焦虑、痛苦的)减轻 或消，(不快过后的)宽慰、轻 松或解脱 in relief 如释重负；松了口气 what a relief! 终于放心了！ (much) to one‘s relief (非常）使某人欣慰的是;（非常)令某人安心的是 It is a relief to do sth 做 …是件令人欣慰的事 a relief for sth 对 …是一种缓解 relief from/of …… …… 的减轻，缓和，消除 relieve sb. of sth. 帮助某人减轻…… 的负担,解除某人的……职务 relieve one‘s pain/pressure 减轻某人的痛苦/压力
impact n. 巨大影响， 强大作用， 冲击 力 V. 对某事物有影响，作用 have an impact on sth/sb 对某物/某人有巨大影响 impact on/ upon... 对...有影响/作用
talent n 天才;天赋 have a talent/gift for 在……方面有天赋 talented adj. 有才能的，有才干的 be talented/gifted in 在……方面有才能
satisfaction n. 满足；满意；欣 1.a sense of satisfaction 一种满足感 with satisfaction 满足地
慰 to one’s satisfaction= to the satisfaction of sb. 使某人满意 a satisfaction to sb. 对某人来说是一件满意的事 2. satisfy vt. 使满足，使满意 satisfy/meet one’s needs/demands 满足某人的要求 3.satisfied adj. 感到满意的 be satisfied to do... 愿意做…… satisfying adj 令人满意的 = satisfactory far from satisfactory 远非令人满意
reaction n. 反应；回应 reaction n 反应；回应 reaction to 对…… 的反应 react vi. 回应；抗拒；反应 react to sb/sth 对某人/某物作出反应；回应 react against 反抗，反对
单词变形练习.
1 ．In spite of all the problems, several of the players produced excellent (perform) .
2 ．Ludwig van Beethoven was a German (compose) and pianist.
3 ． (inspire) by his example, we went on working again.
4 ．I got no (satisfy) from the customer complain department.
5 ．The loan (enable) Jan to buy the house.
6 ．My immediate (react) was to back down.
7 ．There are (variety) ways to answer your question.
8 ．She got great (satisfy) from helping people to learn.
9 ．There have been great advances in the (treat) of cancer.
10 ．It was impossible to make (assume) about people's reaction.
11 ．They were completely (absorb) in each other.
12 ．We all breathed a sigh of (relieve) when he left.
13. What was Jeff's (react) when you told him about the job
(
8.
satisfaction 9.
)1.Performance 2. composer 3. Inspired 4. satisfaction 5. enabled 6. reaction 7. various
treatment 10. assumptions 11. absorbed 12. relief 13. reaction
定语从句（二）
关系副词的用法
一．关系副词的基本用法
关系副词 在从句中 例句
的作用
When (=at/in/ on+which) 时间状语 I shall never forget the day when we moved into our new house. （先行词 the day 还原到从句中为: we moved into our new house on the day , 作时 间状语，用 when 或 on which） 我永远不会忘记我们搬入新房子的那一天。
Where （=at/ in/on +which） 地点状语 This is the house where I lived two years ago. （先行词 the house 还原到从句中 为: I lived in the house two years ago, 作地点状语，用 where 或 in which）这就是 我两年前居住的房子。
Why (=for which ) 原因状语 There are many reasons why people like traveling. （先行词 the reason 还原到从句中为: people like traveling for the reasons, 作原因 状语，用 why 或 for which） 人们喜欢旅游有很多原因。
二．关系副词和关系代词的正确使用
先行词 在定语 从句中 充当状 语，则用 关系副 词；主宾 表，则用 关系代 词 I’ll never forget the day when I worked with you on the farm. (先行词 the day 还原到从句中为: I worked with you on the farm on the day, 作时间状语，用 when 或 on which) 我永远不会忘记我们在农场一起工作的那一天。 He works in the factory where these bikes are made. (先行词 the factory 还原到从句中为: these bikes are made in the factory, 作地点状语, 用 where 或 in which) 他在制造这些自行车的那个工厂工作。 This is the reason (that/ which )he explained to us. (先行词 the reason 还原到从句中为: he explained the reason to us, 作 explained 的宾语，用 that/ which) 这就是他对我们解释的理由。 I don’t know the reason why he was so angry.( 先行词 the reason 还原到从句中为: he was so angry for the reason, 作原因状语， 用 why 或 for which)我不知道他如此生气的原因。
三．关系副词易错点：
1.where 指 代 抽 象 地 点 ， 意 为 “ 在 …… 中（下） where 既可以指代 具体的地点名词， 也可指代抽象地点 名词，常见的抽象 地点名词： situation, condition, scene, stage, position, case, point 等。 I have reached a point in my life where I should make decisions of my own. 我已经到了一个在我人生中自己做决定的地步了。 Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment where they live. 目前人们更加关心他们所居住的环境。 Life is like a long race where we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. 人生像一场长跑比赛, 我们在比赛中和他人竞争以超越自己。
2.when 指 代 抽 象 时 间，意思为 “ 在 …… 的时间里” when 既可 以指代 具体的时间名词， 也可指代抽象时间 名词 ， 常见的有 occasion（时机） , time, age, period 等。 Occasions are quite rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids.我 有时间和孩子们呆一天的机会很少。 We are living in an age when many things are done on computers. 我们生活 在一个许多事情靠计算机来做的时代。
3.why 不能引导非限制性定语从 句，要用 for which。 I have told him the reason, for which I missed the early bus. 我没赶上早班 车, 我已经告诉了他原因。
4.way 作 先行词 ①way 充当方式状 语，引导词用 that 或 in which ，也 可省略 。 （注意 how 不能引导定语 从句。） ② 充 当主语 、 宾 语，引导词用 that 或 which， 做主语 时不可省略，做宾 语时可省略。 This is the way (that/in which) he solved the problem. (先行词 the way 还原到定语从句中为： he solved the problem in the way， 作方式状语，引导词用 that 或 in which，也可省略。 ) 这就是他解决问题的方法。 This is the way (that/which) he used to solve the problem. (the way 作 used 的宾语，that/which 可省略) 这就是他所使用的解决问题的方法。 This is the way that/which was used to solve the problem. (the way 作 was used 的主语，that/which 不可省略) 这就是被使用的解决问题的方法。
5.” 介词 + 关系代词” 引导的定 语从句 A. 若先行词指 人，关系代词 whom；若先行 词指物， 关系 代词用 which。 It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.那是 在 1952 年，曼德拉是我寻求建议的那位黑人律师。 I’ll never forget the day on which（=when） first met Lucy.我永远不会忘记初 次见露西的那一天。 This is the town in which（=where）Shakespeare was born.这就是莎士比亚出 生的城镇。 I’d like you to explain the reason for which（=why） you were absent.我想让你 解释一下你没来的原因。
B.关系代词前介词的选择。 将先行词还原到定语从 句中，即可确定介词。 （1）I can’t remember the age at which he won the prize.我记不起他获奖时的 年龄了。 (at the age） （2）The documents for which they were searching have been recovered.他们正 在寻找的文件已经找到了。（search for） （3）The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.
这种无色的气体叫作氧气，没有了它我们无法生存。
C.介词可以后移， 此时关系 代词可以省略（省略时， 介 词必须后移） This is the book for which you asked. =This is the book which/that you asked for. 这是你要的那本书。 注意 一些与动词搭配的介词可以提到关系代词之前构成“介词＋关系代词” 结构，但有些含有介词的动词短语一般不能拆开，如 look for, look after, call on, care for, hear of, take care of 等。 . 我必须要照顾的最小的妹妹非常可爱。 【正】My youngest sister, whom have to look after, is very lovely. 【误】My youngest sister, after whom have to look, is very lovely.
用适当的关系副词或关系代词填空
1. I still remember the day I first came to Beijing.
2.This is the room my grandparents lived last year.
3.Do you know the reason he refused to go to Mary’s birthday party.
4.This is the hospital my mother works.
5.That is the reason I did the job.
6. we know, this is the day the quake happened thirty-five years ago.
7.He works in a factory makes this type of iPhone.
8.This is the hospital we visited the day before yesterday.
9. Finally he reached a lonely island was completely cut off from the outside world.
10.The way our chemistry teacher did the experiment was very interesting.
1. when/ on which 2 where /in which 3. why/for which 4. where /in which 5. why/ for which 6.
As ; when/ on which 7. that /which 8. that /which 9. that /which 10. that /in which
Sportsandfitness锻炼与健康
假设你是李华， 你的美国笔友 Mark 来信说他经常吃垃圾食品， 又不爱运动， 导致身体肥胖， 有点自卑。现 在请你给他写封回信，劝说他远离垃圾食品，健康饮食，内容包括： 1.垃圾食品的危害； 2.多运动的好处；
3.要学会自信。
Dear Mark,
How is everything going Learning that you usually eat junk food and don't like to exercise, which have led
to obesity and made you less confident, I am writing to give you some advice.
Just like you, I used to love eating junk food and dislike taking exercise. However, everything changed when I
knew about the danger of eating junk food. In fact, teenagers can't get any useful nutrients from junk food. And eating junk food can also lead to many health problems. It is necessary for you to get rid of the bad habit and begin to take exercise outdoors as much as possible, because more exercise can help you control your weight
and keep fit. As long as you keep a healthy lifestyle, you will build up confidence gradually.
I hope my advice will be helpful to you. I am looking forward to your good news.
一切都好吗 了解到你经常吃垃圾食品， 不喜欢锻炼， 导致肥胖， 使你不自信(定语从句) ，我写信给你
一些建议。
和你一样， 我以前喜欢吃垃圾食品， 不喜欢锻炼。然而， 当我知道吃垃圾食品的危害时， 一切都变了。 事实上，青少年不能从垃圾食品中获得任何有用的营养。吃垃圾食品也会导致许多健康问题。你很有必要 改掉这个不好的习惯，开始 尽可能多地进行户外运动，因为更多的运动可以 帮助你控制你的体重和保持健
康。只要你保持健康的生活方式，你就会 逐渐建立起自信。
我希望我的建议对你有帮助。我期待着你的好消息。
自然灾害(新闻报道)
An earthquake measuring 6.0 hit Changning County of Yibin in China's Sichuan Province at 22:55 on June 17, 2019. 12 people were killed and 134 were injured during the earthquake. Besides, many roads and thousands of houses were destroyed. Shortly after the earthquake, rescue workers and medical teams were sent to the earthquake-stricken[ str k n] areas to help with the rescue work. Meanwhile, some food and other supplies were also sent to these areas. To our relief, with the help of the whole nation, people of the stricken areas soon
recovered and their life returned to normal.
2019 年 6 月 17 日 22 时 55 分，四川省宜宾长宁县发生 6.0 级地震。地震造成 12 人死亡，134 人受伤。 此外，许多道路和成千上万的房屋被毁。地震发生后 不久，救援人员和医疗队 就被派往地震灾区协助救援 工作。同时，一些食品和其他物资也被送往这些地区。令我们欣慰的是，在全国人民的帮助下，灾区人民
很快恢复了健康，生活恢复了正常。
语言学习
假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友 Devin 在这次汉语水平考试中失利，请你给他写一封电子邮件， 内容包括：
1.表示安慰 2.提出建议
Dear Devin,
Sorry to hear that you failed to pass the HSK test, I am writing to give you some advice on how to learn
Chinese well, which is as follows.
To start with, you had better pay more attention to the usage of the words and expressions, which is really very important. What’s more, it is necessary to watch more Chinese movies, which contributes to improving your listening and speaking. Besides, it couldn’t be better if you can stick to keeping a diary in Chinese, which is of great benefit to your writing. More importantly, you can turn to your teachers, who can offer you a helping hand. Last but not least, you should form the habit of learning from the mistakes that you have made, which can
help you avoid making the same mistake. As the saying goes, “where there is a will, there is a way.” I hold
the firm belief that, with your patience and hard work, you will make great progress.
I do hope my advice can be of great help to you. I am looking forward to your good news.
很难过听说你 HSK 考试未过,我写信给你一些关于如何学好汉语的建议，建议如下。
首先，你 最好多注意单词和短语的用法，这真的很重要 。而且，很有必要多看点中文电影，有助于提 高你的听力和口语。此外，如果你能 坚持写中文日记的话那是再好不过了，这对你的写作有好处。更重要 的是， 你可以向老师求助， 他们可以给你伸出援助之手。最后但最重要的是，你应该 养成纠错的习惯，有 助于避免犯同样的错误。正如那句谚语所说，“有志者，事竟成” 。 我坚信，有你的耐心和努力，你会取得
很大的进步。
我真地希望我的建议对你有很大帮助。我期待你的好消息。
一、核心单词语法填空
一
语法填空
There are lots of famous athletes at home and abroad. They bring honour and glory to their countries. Not only their skills but also their mental 1. (strong) they show2. (be)impressive. They all have a strong will and it's never easy for them 3. (give) up. When the Chinese women’s volleyball team 4. (prepare) for the 2015 World Cup, two important players had to leave. Lang Ping, the coach, didn’t lose heart. She 5. (firm) believed that her young players would win. Two weeks 6. (late), they did become world champions! Michael Jordan, known 7. “ Air Jordan”, says that the secret to his 8. (succeed) is 9.(learn) from his failures.“I can accept failure;everyone10. (fail)
at something. But I can’t accept not trying.”
1.strength 2.is 3.to give 4.was preparing 5.firmly 6.later 7.as 8.success 9.learning 10.fails
二
语法填空
Several days before July 28th,1976,many strange things happened in Tangshan.The water in the village wells rose 1. fell. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst .They were 2. (sign)for the earthquake .But people in the city didn’t think much 3. these events. At 3:42 a.m. that day ,the earth began to smoke,4. destroyed the city .Many people ,5. (include) rescue workers and doctors ,came to rescue those 6. (trap)under the ruins.7. (late)that afternoon, another big quake struck Tangshan .More people 8. (kill)or injured and 9. (many)buildings fell down. Solders were called in to help the rescue
workers .Teams were organized to dig out 10. trapped and to bury the dead.
1. and 2.signs 3.of 4.which 5.including 6.trapped7.later 8.were killed 9.more 10.the
三
语法填空
Nowadays many singers and bands have little to do with good music. They know little about 1 ． good music
means. What is the cause
Most of these singers so far 2 ． (see) music as a “job” because it is a good source of making money. And
if you have a good appearance and expensive clothes to show off at your concerts then your voice is not
3 ． important as it should be. The public will prefer to admire more the most interesting parts of your body and
even forget that you are there 4 ． (show) your music skills, not your dancing, which is important too, but not
at such 5 ． high level.
Therefore, many young girls on TV choose to wear the most provocative (挑逗性的) clothes to catch attention, 6 ． when it comes to 7 ． (sing), they are in a complete mess and one doesn't need to have an ear
8 ． music to notice their lack of talent.
However, the young generation should understand talent and a good voice matter more in their musical
career.All the performances that have little to do with good music fail 9 ． (welcome) on stage. If a young man has a great voice and wants to become a 10 ． (success) singer, he should take some special courses in this area
because they will help him improve singing abilities.
1 ．what 2 ．have seen 3 ．as 4 ．to show 5 ．a 6 ．but 7 ．singing 8 ．for 9 ．to be welcomed
10 ．successful
2023 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标Ⅱ卷)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Whenever I tell people that I teach English at the Berlin Zoo, I almost always get a questioning look. Behind it,
the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach…the animals
Since June 2017, right before the 36 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and 37 (confidence) speaking English.
And who do they speak English 38
Not the pandas, even though 39 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 40 (visit) Chinese zookeepers who often come to check
on the pandas, which are on loan from China. They also need to be ready to give 41 (interview) in English
with international journalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer.
So, what are they learning 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life. It’s been an honor to watch the
panda programme develop 44 to see the pandas settle into their new home. As a little girl, I 45 (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job
in English.
【答案】36. arrival 37. confident 38. with 39. the 40. visiting 41. interviews
42. why 43. Basically 44. and 45. wished
【解析】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语。
36 考查名词。句意：从 2017 年 6 月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌 ”和“娇青 ”到来之前，我一直在帮助 动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处
应填名词作介词 before 的宾语， arrive 的名词形式是 arrival，不可数名词。故填 arrival。
37 考查形容词。句意：从 2017 年 6 月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌 ”和“娇青 ”到来之前，我一直在帮 助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的 comfortable 并列，作
并列表语，应用形容词形式， confidence 的形容词形式是 confident。故填 confident。
38 考查介词。句意：他们和谁说英语？分析句子结构可知，根据句意此处强调双向交流，应用固定搭配：
speak with sb.意为“与某人交谈 ”。故填 with。
39 考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特
指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填 the。
40 考查形容词。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检 查从中国租借来的大熊猫。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语； visit 对应的形
容词为 visiting“来访的” 。故填 visiting。
41 考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，
所以空处应填名词作宾语， interview 意为“采访 ”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填
interviews。
42 考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从 句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培
训师的原因 ”之意，应用 why 引导表语从句。故填 why。
43 考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用
副词修饰， basic 的副词形式是 basically 位于句首，首字母应大写。故填 Basically。
44 考查连词。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知， “to watch the panda programme develop ”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home ”两者是并列关系，
应该用 and 连接。故填 and。
45 考查动词时态。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知，本 句缺少谓语动词，所以 wish 作本句谓语，和主语 I 之间是主动关系，根据后文的 grew 可知用一般过去时。
故填 wished。
