2024年高考英语名校真题二轮零失误规范训练（全国通用） 专题19 阅读理解七选五最新真题模拟16篇（干货 模拟）（原卷版+）解析版

《2024年高考英语名校真题二轮零失误规范训练》（全国通用）
专题19 阅读理解七选五最新真题模拟16篇（干货+模拟）
解析版
技能专区：冲刺备考名师提醒，洞悉高考命题规律，提供高效提分干货
七选五解题步骤
一、通读全文，对文章进行快速浏览，寻找主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。
在阅读过程中，要注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句，因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是是全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题有重要意义。
二、详读段落，在短时间内，找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。
文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行的不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。阅读各个空的前后句，标记关键词，关键词包括句中的核心名词或名词词组（如带有形容词的名词词组）、专有名词、时间数字、代词、连词等。重点阅读各个问题附近的句子，圈定线索词，然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词，以确定答案。做题时可以采用代入排除法。如果一题做不出或拿不准，可先放过，继续往下读，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。
三、定位选项，明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语。
根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。
四、通读复检，将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。
在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。
五、确定排除，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。
七选五思维导图
模拟专区：做好题才有好成绩！练技能，补漏洞，提分数，强信心
（2024·全国·二模）The Powerful Guide to Finding Your Passion
Following your passion can be a tough thing. But figuring out what that passion is can be even more difficult. Here are some tips to find your passion.
1 Unless you’re just starting out in life, you have some skills or talent, showing some kind of aptitude. Give this some thought. Think back, as far as you can, to jobs, projects or hobbies. This could be your passion. Or you may have several things. Start a list of potential candidates.
2 It may be something at work-a little part of your job that gets you excited. It could be something you do outside of work-a hobby, a side job, something you do as a volunteer or a parent or a spouse or a friend. It could be something you haven’t done in a while. Add any answers to your list.
Think about what you have secretly dreamed of. 3 But some fear, some self-doubt, has held you back, has led you to dismiss this idea. Maybe there are several. Add them to the list—no matter how unrealistic.
Learn, ask, take notes. OK, you have a list. 4 This is your first candidate. Now read up on it, talk to people who’ve been successful in the field. Make a list of notes of things you need to learn, need to improve on, skills you want to master and people to talk to.
Experiment and try. Here’s where the learning really takes place. If you haven’t been already, start to do the thing you’ve chosen. Pay attention to how you feel doing it-is it something you look forward to, that gets you excited, that you love to share 5
A．Find what excites you.
B．Confirm what you are good at.
C．Predict what’s the worst that can happen.
D．Pick one thing from the list that excites you most.
E．If all the answers are “yes”, you’ve found where your passion is.
F．You need to do something, get good at it, be passionate about it.
G．You might have some ridiculous dream job you’ve always wanted to do.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．G 4．D 5．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章告诉我们如何找到自己的激情所在。
1．本题为段首句，应该概括本段。根据下文“Unless you’re just starting out in life, you have some skills or talent, showing some kind of aptitude. Give this some thought. Think back, as far as you can, to jobs, projects or hobbies. This could be your passion. Or you may have several things. Start a list of potential candidates.(除非你刚刚开始生活，否则你会有一些技能或天赋，表现出某种天赋。想想看。尽可能地回想一下工作、项目
或爱好。这可能是你的激情所在。或者你可能有几样东西。列出一份潜在候选人的名单)”可知，本段主要讲找到自己的擅长的事情。由此可知，B. Confirm what you are good at.(确认你擅长什么)符合语境。故选B项。
2．本题为段首句，应该概括本段。根据下文“It may be something at work-a little part of your job that gets you excited. It could be something you do outside of work-a hobby, a side job, something you do as a volunteer or a parent or a spouse or a friend. It could be something you haven’t done in a while. Add any answers to your list. (可能是工作上的事情——工作中让你兴奋的一小部分。它可以是你在工作之外做的事情—— 一个爱好，一份副业，你作为志愿者、父母、配偶或朋友做的事情。可能是你很久没做的事。将任何答案添加到您的列表中)”可知，本段主要讲找到自己喜欢，使自己兴奋的事情。由此可知，A. Find what excites you. (找到让你兴奋的事情)符合语境。故选A项。
3．根据本段首句“Think about what you have secretly dreamed of.(想想你曾经偷偷梦想过什么)”及下文“But some fear, some self-doubt, has held you back, has led you to dismiss this idea. Maybe there are several. Add them to the list—no matter how unrealistic.( 但有些恐惧，有些自我怀疑，阻碍了你，让你放弃了这个想法。也许有好几个。把它们添加到列表中——无论多么不现实)”本段建议列出自己的想要实现又认为不现实的梦想。由此可知，G. You might have some ridiculous dream job you’ve always wanted to do.( 你可能有一些你一直梦想想做却又觉得是荒谬的工作)。故选G项。
4．根据上文“OK, you have a list(好的，你有了一个列表)”及下文“This is your first candidate. Now read up on it, …. (这是你的第一个候选项。现在仔细研究和它有关的….)”可知，D. Pick one thing from the list that excites you most.( 从单子上挑一件最让你兴奋的事)符合语境，其中the list呼应上一句中的a list，其中one thing与下一句中的This呼应。故选D项。
5．根据上文“Experiment and try. Here’s where the learning really takes place. If you haven’t been already, start to do the thing you’ve chosen. Pay attention to how you feel doing it-is it something you look forward to, that gets you excited, that you love to share (不断尝试。这里才是学习真正发生的地方。如果你还没有开始，那就开始做你选择的事情。注意你做这件事的感觉——这件事是你期待的吗，是让你兴奋的吗，是你喜欢分享的吗 )”可知，最后作者提出几个问题让读者思考答案。由此可知，E. If all the answers are “yes”, you’ve found where your passion is.(如果所有的答案都是肯定的，那么你已经找到了你的激情所在)符合语境。故选E项。
（2024·全国·二模）How to Protect Against Undue Influence Online
The potential for undue influence has become increasingly significant in this era of digital interconnectivity. Undue influence can affect our perceptions and influence our decisions. It may even end anger our autonomy (自主) and mental health. 6
Understand what undue influence is
The first step to protecting yourself is understanding what undue influence is. Undue influence refers to a situation in which an individual or group employs unreasonable control over another person’s behavior information, thoughts, and emotions. 7 Disinformation campaigns, persuasive advertising, and even content designed to cause fear, uncertainty, or dependency may often appear online.
Develop media literacy skills
In an age of fake news, it is crucial to develop media literacy skills. 8 Become a consumer who can tell the quality of information, identify the source, check for credibility, and look for your unconscious assumptions and preferences.
9
Delete as much data as you can about yourself. Be mindful of what information you share online, and always ensure that your online activities are secured through reliable sources. Review all policies on platforms, especially “free” ones. If you aren’t paying, then you are the product, as in many cases, they are selling your data.
By including these steps into your digital life, you can protect yourself from undue influence in the online world, ensuring that you can think and act independently, free from ill control.
10 It is your mind. Only you should control it!
A．Prioritize privacy
B．Be mindful of free ones
C．It’s vital to have a health y Internet and real-life balance.
D．In the digital world, undue influence can take many forms.
E．Everyone deserves the right to live free from undue influence.
F．They involve analyzing, evaluating, and creating media in various forms.
G．Here are some essential strategies for you to protect yourself online from undue influence.
【答案】6．G 7．D 8．F 9．A 10．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了通过提高媒体素养、注意隐私保护、审慎对待免费服务等措施，人们可以在网络空间中更好地保护自己，确保能够独立思考和行动，远离不当控制。
6．根据上文的“The potential for undue influence has become increasingly significant in this era of digital interconnectivity. Undue influence can affect our perceptions and influence our decisions. It may even end anger our autonomy and mental health. (在这个数字互联互通的时代，不正当影响的可能性变得越来越大。不适当的影响会影响我们的认知，影响我们的决定。它甚至可能结束我们的自主权和心理健康)”可知，G项Here are some essential strategies for you to protect yourself online from undue influence.(这里有一些重要的
策略，可以让你在网上免受不正当的影响)承接上文，作为过渡句，引出后文的策略，故选G项。
7．根据上文的“The first step to protecting yourself is understanding what undue influence is. Undue influence refers to a situation in which an individual or group employs unreasonable control over another person’s behavior information, thoughts, and emotions. (保护自己的第一步是了解什么是不当影响。不当影响指的是个人或团体对他人的行为、信息、思想和情绪采取不合理控制的情况)”和下文的“Disinformation campaigns, persuasive advertising, and even content designed to cause fear, uncertainty, or dependency may often appear online.(虚假信息运动，有说服力的广告，甚至旨在引起恐惧，不确定性或依赖的内容可能经常出现在网上)”可知，D项In the digital world, undue influence can take many forms.(在数字世界中，不当影响可以有多种形式)承接上文，在不当影响的定义之后又继续指出它存在多种形式，下文举例说明了不当影响都有哪些具体的表现，故选D项。
8．根据上文的“In an age of fake news, it is crucial to develop media literacy skills. (在假新闻泛滥的时代，培养媒体素养至关重要)”和下文的“Become a consumer who can tell the quality of information, identify the source, check for credibility, and look for your unconscious assumptions and preferences.(成为一个消费者，能够判断信息的质量，识别来源，检查可信度，并寻找你无意识的假设和偏好)”可知，F项They involve analyzing, evaluating, and creating media in various forms.(它们包括分析、评价和创造各种形式的媒体)承接上文，指出了媒体素养所包含的内容，下文指出了成为一名具有媒体素养的消费者应该做到的事情，故选F项。
9．根据本段的“Delete as much data as you can about yourself. Be mindful of what information you share online, and always ensure that your online activities are secured through reliable sources. Review all policies on platforms, especially “free” ones. If you aren’t paying, then you are the product, as in many cases, they are selling your data.(删除尽可能多的关于你自己的数据。注意你在网上分享的信息，并始终确保你的在线活动通过可靠的来源得到保护。查看平台上的所有政策，尤其是“免费”平台。如果你不付钱，那么你就是产品，因为在很多情况下，他们在出售你的数据)”可知，本段主要讲述的是上网时的安全问题，因此A项Prioritize privacy(优先考虑隐私)能够概括本段大意，可以作为段落小标题，故选A项。
10．根据下文的“It is your mind. Only you should control it!(这是你的思想。只有你能控制它！)”可知，E项Everyone deserves the right to live free from undue influence.(每个人都应该享有不受不当影响的生活权利)指出人们在网络上要摆脱不当影响，而这取决于你的判断能力和媒体素养，因此该项与下文连接通顺，故选E项。
（2024·黑龙江·二模）Living car-free in the US
Culdesac admitted its first thirty-six residents in Tempe, Arizona, US, earlier this year. 11 . The $170 million neighborhood, with its white buildings and narrow walkways(走道), is expected to hold around 1,000 people
when the full 760 units are completed by 2025, according to The Guardian. Similar projects in Charlotte, North Carolina, and Houston, Texas, are also underway, said Bloomberg.
In a country as car-dependent as the US, Culdesac is nothing short of visionary (有远见的). 12 although some densely(稠密地) populated costal US cities like Boston and New York City are walkable and have various public transportation options like bus and light rail. In the 2019 US Census, it was found that roughly 85% of Americans relied on a car to get to work. 13 . In a 2023 study, the American Automobile Association said that it costs an average of about $12,000 per year to own and maintain a car in the US. So, what is stopping Americans from abandoning cars and embracing relatively cheaper alternatives like e-bikes In a word, unsafe roads that prioritize cars over people. According to a 2019 report by the World Health Organization, the US traffic fatality rate is 12.4 deaths per 100,000. At the same time, pedestrians and cyclists in the US are often blamed for being hit by drivers rather than the other way around.
14 . By embracing a new car-free way of living, US projects like Culdesac can provide an alternative way of living that is both healthier and more affordable and, in turn, influence others to live a better way as well. As Vanessa Fox, a 32-year-old resident of Culdesac, said, “ 15 . Freedom is being to just simply walk out and access places.”
A．Still, there is hope
B．Cars are allowed, but parking is limited
C．This can effectively avoid traffic accidents on a road
D．This reliance on cars doesn’t come cheap, unfortunately
E．For some, cars equal freedom, but for me, it’s a restriction
F．It describes itself as the first car-free neighbourhood built in the US
G．The vast majority of Americans are entirely dependant on cars to get around
【答案】11．F 12．G 13．D 14．A 15．E
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了在美国无车生活方式的可能性和挑战，以Culdesac社区为例，分析了美国大部分城市为汽车友好设计的问题，以及拥有汽车可能带来的经济负担。同时，文章也提出了克服这些障碍、实现更健康、更经济的生活方式的可能性。
11．根据空前内容“Culdesac admitted its first thirty-six residents in Tempe, Arizona, US, earlier this year.(今年早些时候，Culdesac在美国亚利桑那州坦佩市接收了首批36名居民。)”可知，上文提出“Culdesac”这个社区。选项F“It describes itself as the first car-free neighbourhood built in the US(它自称是美国第一个无车社区)”自然延续上文内容，继续介绍“Culdesac”。故选F。
12．分析句子成分，根据空后的“although some densely(稠密地) populated costal US cities like Boston and New York City are walkable and have various public transportation options like bus and light rail.(虽然一些人口密集的美国沿海城市如波士顿和纽约是步行的，有各种公共交通选择，如公共汽车和轻轨。)”可判断，空处为主句，且和下文存在转折关系。选项G“The vast majority of Americans are entirely dependent on cars to get around(绝大多数美国人完全依赖汽车出行)”指出绝大多数美国人完全依赖汽车出行。与下文“In the 2019 US Census, it was found that roughly 85% of Americans relied on a car to get to work.(在2019年的美国人口普查中，发现大约85%的美国人依赖汽车上班。)”保持一致。故选G。
13．根据下文“In a 2023 study, the American Automobile Association said that it costs an average of about $12,000 per year to own and maintain a car in the US.(在2023年的一项研究中，美国汽车协会表示，在美国，拥有和维护一辆汽车的平均成本约为每年1.2万美元。)”可知，拥有和维护一辆汽车的成本很高。选项D“This reliance on cars doesn’t come cheap, unfortunately(遗憾的是，这种对汽车的依赖并不便宜)”与下文内容一致，指的是依赖汽车的成本很高。故选D。
14．根据下文“By embracing a new car-free way of living, US projects like Culdesac can provide an alternative way of living that is both healthier and more affordable and, in turn, influence others to live a better way as well.(通过拥抱一种新的无车生活方式，像Culdesac这样的美国项目可以提供一种更健康、更实惠的替代生活方式，进而影响其他人也以更好的方式生活。)”再结合上文内容可知，对汽车的依赖成本偏高可知，而下文则提出一种解决方案。选项A“Still, there is hope(不过还是有希望的)”承上启下，承接上文内容提出下文Culdesac这一社区，指出这个社区提供了一种更健康、更实惠的替代生活方式。故选A。
15．根据空后的“Freedom is being to just simply walk out and access places.(自由就是简单地走出去，进入各个地方。)”可知，下文指出对 Vanessa Fox而言，什么是自由。选项E“For some, cars equal freedom, but for me, it’s a restriction(对一些人来说，汽车意味着自由，但对我来说，它是一种限制)”指出对Vanessa Fox,而言，汽车是一种限制，简单地走出去进入各个地方才是真正的自由。故选E。
（2024·湖北·二模）Get Better at Saying No
When rejecting a request, “no” is a short, simple word that can cause anxiety for the person trying to say it. The following strategies can help you get better at saying no. Be intentional about what you communicate.
16 Sure, but as psychologist Vanessa Bohns points out, only saying a “no” is often pretty uncomfortable for the asker. Instead, she advises communicating three things: “It’s not because of me, it’s not because of you, and it’s not because of us.” One way to do that is by thanking people for thinking of you. 17 Then, follow up with a short explanation: “I wish I could, but I just don’t have the time right now.” That helps make it clear that your “no” isn’t a poor reflection of your own character; it’s not the other person; and it’s not a disapproval of the relationship, Bohns says. Have a planned phrase for more informal encounters.
Not every situation, of course, calls for such a thoughtful approach. Think through times when you’ve gotten stressed over delivering a quick “no”, and then brainstorm phrases you could use in the future. Bohns, for example, is often asked to donate to some cause or another as she checks out at the grocery store. 18 “It’s true, and it’s a way of saying, essentially, that I’m still a good person,” she says. 19
There’s always that one guy who won’t take “no” for an answer. If someone is applying too much pressure, adopt what psychologist Ellen Hendriksen describes as the broken-record technique. 20 Occasionally, the asker will get annoyed, but usually after repeating yourself two or three times, even the most persistent (执着的) people will get the message.
A．She says no directly.
B．That is, stick to your answer.
C．Adopt the broken-record technique.
D．It’s not worth repeating your request again and again.
E．She now has a go-to response: “I already donated this year.”
F．You might hear that “no” is a convenient word for declining requests.
G．This makes them relieved that they didn’t do anything wrong by asking.
【答案】16．F 17．G 18．E 19．C 20．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是更好地说“不”的一些策略。
16．空后“Sure, but as psychologist Vanessa Bohns points out, only saying a “no” is often pretty uncomfortable for the asker. (当然，但正如心理学家Vanessa Bohns指出的那样，只说“不”通常会让请求者感到很不舒服)”说明只说“不”通常会让请求者感到很不舒服，but表转折，因此空格处应该说一般会觉得说“不”是可以的，F选项“You might hear that “no” is a convenient word for declining requests.(你可能听说“no”是一个用来拒绝请求的方便词)”说明了“不”是一个用来拒绝请求的方便词，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选F。
17．空前“One way to do that is by thanking people for thinking of you. (其中一个方法就是感谢别人想到你了)”说明了感谢别人想到你这种方法，空格处应该说这么做的好处，G选项“This makes them relieved that they didn’t do anything wrong by asking. (这让他们松了一口气，因为他们没有因为要求你而做错任何事)”说明了感谢别人想到你这种方法的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选G。
18．空前“Bohns, for example, is often asked to donate to some cause or another as she checks out at the grocery store. (例如，当Bohns在杂货店结账时，她经常被要求为这样或那样的事业捐款。)”举出了Bohns被要求捐款的例子，空格处应该说她的回答，E选项“She now has a go-to response: “I already donated this year.” (现在，她的回答是：“我今年已经捐过了。”)”说明的是她的回答，且其中的donate和前面的donate相一致，
因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
19．空格处是本段小标题，由空后的“If someone is applying too much pressure, adopt what psychologist Ellen Hendriksen describes as the broken-record technique. (如果有人给你的压力太大，那就采用心理学家Ellen Hendriksen所说的“破纪录法”)”可知，本段主要讲的是采用“破纪录法”，因此C选项“Adopt the broken-record technique. (采用打破记录的技巧)”概括了本段主要内容，可作为小标题，故选C。
20．空前“If someone is applying too much pressure, adopt what psychologist Ellen Hendriksen describes as the broken-record technique. (如果有人给你的压力太大，那就采用心理学家Ellen Hendriksen所说的“破纪录法”)”提出了“破纪录法”，空格处应该解释这是一种什么方法，这种方法具体的做法是什么，B选项“That is, stick to your answer. (也就是说，坚持你的答案)”解释了前面这种技巧的具体做法，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选B。
（2024·湖南岳阳·二模）Anger is the most destructive emotion. When in a temper, you make hasty ill-considered decisions that you will probably regret. You will also regret language spoken without thought. How to stop being angry 21
Change your attitude to the way the world works. You have to accept that sometimes things do go wrong and that people are not always lovely. 22 Also, you need to accept that not everyone has the same standards as you, nor will they behave in the same way that you would in a given situation. The answer is to be a bit more flexible and loosen your hold on life.
Don’t dismiss anger as a bad emotion. There are occasions when anger can be directed in such a way as to achieve great things. Martin Luther King was angry about the lack of civil rights in the USA．Gandhi was angry about British domination in India. 23 Use anger to help you not prevent you.
24 Anger management used to be promoted as a way of dealing with anger, but all that happens is that the anger is held back. A much better way of facing up to anger is to identify the root cause. When trying to get to the root cause, be prepared to be honest with yourself. Once you know why you get mad, it is possible to deal with the cause. Take positive steps to help you overcome feelings of anger.
25 Make changes to your lifestyle and attitudes, and you will stop being angry.
A．Stop trying to manage your anger.
B．Try to control it when you get angry.
C．Here are ways that you can counter the causes of anger.
D．In conclusion, you must recognize that anger is something you can control.
E．Realizing that no one is perfect is a good start to avoiding getting angry.
F．Try to accept that other people do behave in ways that will make you frustrated and angry.
G．They both used anger to motivate themselves to fight against what they saw as injustice.
【答案】21．C 22．F 23．G 24．A 25．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了帮助控制情绪，不发脾气的方法。
21．根据前文“How to stop being angry (如何停止生气？)”可知此处提出问题即如何停止生气。以及后文所给出的具体建议可知，设空处应该承上启下。C选项“Here are ways that you can counter the causes of anger.(这里有一些你可以对抗愤怒的原因的方法。)”引出下文所提出的一些方法，符合语境。故选C。
22．根据前文的内容“Change your attitude to the way the world works. You have to accept that sometimes things do go wrong and that people are not always lovely.(改变你对世界运行方式的态度。你必须接受有时事情会出错，人们并不总是可爱的。)”可知，此处强调改变自己的态度，接受人们并不总是可爱的，避免让自己生气。F选项“Try to accept that other people do behave in ways that will make you frustrated and angry.(试着接受别人的行为方式会让你感到沮丧和愤怒。)”承接前文，符合题意。故选F。
23．根据前文“Don’t dismiss anger as a bad emotion. (不要误认为愤怒是一种不好的情绪。)”以及“ Martin Luther King was angry about the lack of civil rights in the USA. Gandhi was angry about British domination in India.(马丁·路德·金对美国缺乏公民权利感到愤怒。甘地对英国在印度的统治感到愤怒。)”可知，此处通过列举的方式马丁·路德·金和甘地的例子说明不要认为愤怒是不好的情绪。G选项“They both used anger to motivate themselves to fight against what they saw as injustice.(他们都用愤怒来激励自己与他们所认为的不公正作斗争。)”中的they指代前文的马丁·路德·金和甘地，指出他们通过愤怒来激励自己与他们所认为的不公正作斗争，该选项符合语境。故选G。
24．空处为段落标题。根据后文“ Anger management used to be promoted as a way of dealing with anger, but all that happens is that the anger is held back. (愤怒管理曾经被推广为处理愤怒的方法，但真正发生的只是愤怒被抑制住了。)”以及“A much better way of facing up to anger is to identify the root cause. (面对愤怒的一个更好的方法是找出根本原因。)”可知，抑制愤怒并不是处理愤怒的合理方法，此处作者强调面对愤怒的一个更好的方法是找出其根本原因。A选项“Stop trying to manage your anger.(不要试图控制你的愤怒。)”概括本段段旨，指出不要试图控制你的愤怒。故选A。
25．该空位于文章的结尾处，应该是文章的总结概括句。根据后文“Make changes to your lifestyle and attitudes, and you will stop being angry.(改变你的生活方式和态度，你就不会再生气了。)”是对上文方法和带来的结果进行的描述，因此设空处应该是总结句。D选项“In conclusion, you must recognize that anger is something you can control.(总之，你必须认识到愤怒是你可以控制的。)”符合语境。故选D。
（2024·辽宁鞍山·二模）Historically, only local governments worried about a widespread food crisis, but today, the rapidly rising food prices and the resulting food crisis can quickly be a worldwide phenomenon. Over the
next 20 years, the fight to feed the world will be a huge challenge facing the global economy. 26
The first solution lies in the combined effect of money and time. 27 . More than ever, we need the transfer of time and money away from the army and toward creating an international plan to deal with hunger.
28 . It helps coordinate (使协调) public policies, individual actions, farmer practices and consumer behavior towards common goals. As a result, it is crucial to work on such a strategy.
Another way to solve the crisis is to double food production in developing countries. 29 . Governmental agencies, non-profit organizations, agricultural scientists, private investors and charitable donors, all must partner together to enhance the capacity of the developing world to meet the great need for food.
While we may not be seeing all the symptoms of food shortage, we must be clear-eyed in our current support of food production. It is obvious that we will face a severe problem, but the problem is solvable. 30 , we must do it carefully and consistently.
A．Since you think it beneficial to the whole world
B．What about developing economy to solve the crisis
C．If we are to reach our goal and prevent a global food crisis
D．How can we relieve the current crisis and avoid future risks
E．The goal needs an enormous investment in agriculture from various sources
F．Developing a national strategy to reduce food loss and waste is also useful to handle the crisis
G．Some countries like India have realized this fact and are giving more financial support to agriculture
【答案】26．D 27．G 28．F 29．E 30．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何缓解当前的粮食危机并避免未来的风险。
26．由上文“Over the next 20 years, the fight to feed the world will be a huge challenge facing the global economy.(在接下来的20年里，养活世界人口的斗争将是全球经济面临的巨大挑战。)”可知，粮食危机是全球经济面临的巨大挑战，下文提出了具体的办法，故D选项“How can we relieve the current crisis and avoid future risks (我们如何缓解当前的危机并避免未来的风险)”能承接上文，引出下文，符合题意。故选D。
27．由上文“The first solution lies in the combined effect of money and time.(第一个解决办法是金钱和时间的共同作用。)”可知，本空要说跟“金钱和时间”有关的话题，故G选项“Some countries like India have realized this fact and are giving more financial support to agriculture(像印度这样的一些国家已经意识到了这一事实，并正在为农业提供更多的财政支持)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
28．由下文“It helps coordinate (使协调) public policies, individual actions, farmer practices and consumer
behavior towards common goals. As a result, it is crucial to work on such a strategy.(它有助于协调公共政策、个人行动、农民做法和消费者行为，以实现共同目标。因此，制定这样的战略至关重要。)”可知，本空要说跟“国家政策”有关的话题，故F选项“Developing a national strategy to reduce food loss and waste is also useful to handle the crisis (制定减少粮食损失和浪费的国家战略也有助于应对危机)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选F。
29．下文“Governmental agencies, non-profit organizations, agricultural scientists, private investors and charitable donors, all must partner together to enhance the capacity of the developing world to meet the great need for food.(政府机构、非营利组织、农业科学家、私人投资者和慈善捐助者都必须携手合作，提高发展中国家满足巨大粮食需求的能力)”提到各方合作，故E选项“The goal needs an enormous investment in agriculture from various sources (这一目标需要从各个方面对农业进行巨额投资)”符合语境。故选E。
30．由上文“While we may not be seeing all the symptoms of food shortage, we must be clear-eyed in our current support of food production. It is obvious that we will face a severe problem, but the problem is solvable. (虽然我们可能没有看到粮食短缺的所有症状，但我们必须清醒地认识到我们目前对粮食生产的支持。很明显，我们将面临一个严重的问题，但这个问题是可以解决的。)”可知，接下来要阐述如果要实现这些目标要怎样做，由后文“we must do it carefully and consistently.(我们必须谨慎而持续地这样做。)”可知，本空为从句，故C选项“If we are to reach our goal and prevent a global food crisis (如果我们要实现目标并防止全球粮食危机)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。
（2024·福建莆田·二模）Almost everyone has felt something similar: wearing clothes we don’t like causes a general feeling of unease and discontent. This proves the fact that clothes have more than functions of protection or warmth in life. 31 As former fashion editor Caryn Franklin writes, “Fashion offers a dialogue rich with social and political meaning for those who want to unlock the language of clothes.”
32 We like or dislike certain colors because of the attributes or moods we associate with them. Those associations might be cultural. White, for example, is commonly associated with purity and innocence in Western cultures, whereas in China, people associate it with death and mourning. 33
The book The Little Prince offers a fictional example of the latter: The fox will love the sight of wheat, which had been meaningless to him, just because it will remind him of the color of the boy’s hair.
As a result, associations can differ widely from person to person and culture to culture. Others might read into our outfits something different than we intend. 34 But as long as we are not wearing our clothes specifically to communicate certain qualities to others in a specific context (such as professionalism at a job interview), what others think of our clothes should be less important than what we think of them and why we choose to wear them. 35
A．Take colors, for instance.
B．We ought to dress to benefit ourselves, not others.
C．They also communicate something about the wearer.
D．Thus, they will misunderstand our values and identity.
E．Clothes have the psychological power to elevate our sense of self.
F．Or we can form associations based on our personal experience and values.
G．We might also associate certain fabrics with different qualities of character.
【答案】31．C 32．A 33．F 34．D 35．B
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了衣服不仅仅是保护或保暖的工具，它们还传达着穿着者的一些信息。例如，颜色与某种属性或情绪联系在一起是受到文化以及个人经历和价值观影响。
31．
前文“Almost everyone has felt something similar: wearing clothes we don’t like causes a general feeling of unease and discontent. This proves the fact that clothes have more than functions of protection or warmth in life. (几乎每个人都有类似的感受：穿自己不喜欢的衣服会让人感到不安和不满。这证明了这样一个事实：衣服在生活中不仅仅具有保护或保暖的功能)”指出衣服的功能不只是保护或保暖，因此C项“They also communicate something about the wearer. (它们还传达了关于穿戴者的一些信息)”符合语境，指出衣服还能传达信息，是对前文的递进，其中的They指代前文的clothes。故选C。
32．
后文“We like or dislike certain colors because of the attributes or moods we associate with them. (我们喜欢或不喜欢某些颜色，是因为我们把它们与属性或情绪联系在一起)”提到衣服颜色的问题，因此A项“Take colors, for instance. (以颜色为例)”符合语境，说明本段主要介绍颜色这一话题，作为段首句契合后文内容。故选A。
33．
前文“Those associations might be cultural. White, for example, is commonly associated with purity and innocence in Western cultures, whereas in China, people associate it with death and mourning. (这些关联可能是文化上的。例如，在西方文化中，白色通常与纯洁和纯真联系在一起，而在中国，人们把它与死亡和哀悼联系在一起)”从文化的角度具体介绍颜色与某种属性的关联，因此F项“Or we can form associations based on our personal experience and values. (或者我们可以根据个人经验和价值观形成联想)”符合语境，提出颜色的
这种关联也有可能是基于个人经验和价值观，和前文是选择关系。故选F。
34．
前文“As a result, associations can differ widely from person to person and culture to culture. Others might read into our outfits something different than we intend. (因此，联想会很大程度上因人而异，因文化而异。其他人可能会对我们的着装有不同的解读)”提到联想的差异会导致他人对着装有不同解读，因此D项“Thus, they will misunderstand our values and identity. (因此，他们会误解我们的价值观和身份)”符合语境，描述误解价值观和身份的结果，承接前文。故选D。
35．
前文“But as long as we are not wearing our clothes specifically to communicate certain qualities to others in a specific context (such as professionalism at a job interview), what others think of our clothes should be less important than what we think of them and why we choose to wear them. (但是，只要我们穿衣服不是专门为了在特定的环境中向他人传达某些品质（比如求职面试中的专业性），别人对我们衣服的看法就没有我们对衣服的看法以及我们选择穿衣服的原因那么重要)”指出除非有特定的需求，否则我们的穿衣应以自己为主，而非他人的看法，因此B项“We ought to dress to benefit ourselves, not others. (我们穿衣服应该是为了自己，而不是为了别人)”符合语境，指出穿衣的本质是服务于自身，解释前文这样做的原因。故选B。
（2024·新疆塔城·二模）Stop Spam!
When I first got an e-mail account over ten years ago, I received communications only from family, friends, and colleagues. Now it seems that every time I check my e-mail, I have an endless series of advertisements and other correspondence that do not interest me at all. 36 and we need specific laws that make spamming (发送垃圾邮件) a crime.
37 , the problem will certainly get much puter programs allow spammers to send hundreds of millions of e-mails almost instantly. 38 so individual e-mail boxes are often flooded with spam e-mails. Would people continue to use e- mail if they had to deal with an annoying amount of spam each time
This problem is troubling for individuals and companies as well. panies rely on e-mail for their employees to communicate with each other. Spam frequently causes failures in their local communication networks, and their employees are thus unable to communicate effectively. Such a situation results in a loss of productivity and requires companies to repeatedly repair their networks.
For these reasons, 40 . Spammers should be fined, and perhaps sent to prison if they continue to disturb people. E-mail is a tool which helps people all over the world to communicate conveniently, but spam is destroying this convenience.
A．We want e-mail to continue to be useful
B．If people have to deal with an annoying spam
C．I believe that lawmakers need to legislate against spam
D．If lawmakers do not do something soon to prohibit spam
E．More and more advertisers turn to spam to sell their products
F．Many spam e-mails contain computer viruses that can shut down the entire network of a company
G．These computer problems raise production costs of companies, which are passed on to the consumer
【答案】36．A 37．D 38．E 39．F 40．C
【导语】
这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了随着网络的普及，人们越来越依赖电子邮件来交流，但电子垃圾信息也越来越成为人们的烦恼，作者建议通过立法解决问题。
36．根据上文的“When I first got an e-mail account over ten years ago, I received communications only from family, friends, and colleagues. Now it seems that every time I check my e-mail, I have an endless series of advertisements and other correspondence that do not interest me at all.(十多年前，当我第一次拥有电子邮件账户时，我只接收来自家人、朋友和同事的通信。现在看来，每次我查看电子邮件时，都有一大堆我根本不感兴趣的广告和其他信件。)”和下文的“we need specific laws that make spamming a crime.(我们需要具体的法律，将发送垃圾邮件定为犯罪。)”可知，A项(我们希望电子邮件继续发挥作用。)承接上文，呼吁要改变接收垃圾电子邮件的现状，下文提到了这需要通过立法来保障实现。故选A项。
37．根据下文的“the problem will certainly get much puter programs allow spammers to send hundreds of millions of e-mails almost instantly.(问题肯定会变得更糟。计算机程序允许垃圾邮件发送者几乎瞬间发送数亿封电子邮件。)”可知，D项(如果立法者不尽快采取措施禁止垃圾邮件)说明了不尽快立法，就会带来下文提到的后果，即垃圾电子邮件会越来越多。故选D项。
38．根据上文的“Computer programs allow spammers to send hundreds of millions of e-mails almost instantly.(计算机程序允许垃圾邮件发送者几乎瞬间发送数亿封电子邮件。)”和下文的“so individual e-mail boxes are often flooded with spam e-mails. Would people continue to use e-mail if they had to deal with an annoying amount of spam each time (因此，个人的电子邮箱经常充斥着垃圾邮件。如果人们每次都要处理大量的垃圾邮件，他们还会继续使用电子邮件吗？)”可知，E项(越来越多的广告商转向垃圾邮件来销售他们的产品。)承接上文，说明了计算机程序让大量的垃圾电子邮件在短时间内得以发送出去吸引了广告商去推销其产品，下文就此提出了一个问题：邮箱充斥着大量的电子垃圾邮件还会吸引人们使用吗？故选E项。
39．根据上文的“This problem is troubling for individuals and companies as well.(这个问题也困扰着个人和公
司。)”和下文的“Companies rely on e- mail for their employees to communicate with each other. Spam frequently causes failures in their local communication networks, and their employees are thus unable to communicate effectively. Such a situation results in a loss of productivity and requires companies to repeatedly repair their networks.(公司依靠电子邮件让员工相互沟通。垃圾邮件经常导致本地通信网络故障，员工无法有效通信。这种情况导致生产力的损失，并要求公司反复修复他们的网络。)”可知，F项(许多垃圾邮件含有电脑病毒，可以关闭整个公司的网络。)承接上文，说明了垃圾邮件的不安全问题可能会给公司带来危害，下文具体指出了垃圾邮件是如何给公司带来危害的。故选F项。
40．根据上文的“For these reasons(由于这些原因)”和下文的“Spammers should be fined, and perhaps sent to prison if they continue to disturb people. E-mail is a tool which helps people all over the world to communicate conveniently, but spam is destroying this convenience.(垃圾邮件发送者应该被罚款，如果他们继续打扰人们，可能会被送进监狱。电子邮件是一种帮助全世界的人们方便交流的工具，但是垃圾邮件正在破坏这种便利。)”可知，C项(我认为立法者需要立法反对垃圾邮件。)承接上文，说明了因为垃圾邮件的危害，作者提出要立法消除垃圾邮件，下文具体解释如何处罚垃圾邮件发送者并说明立法的依据。故选C项。
（2024·湖南衡阳·二模）Cheerfulness is a powerful way to deal with a world that will always be tough and unjust in one way or another. It is a sign of strength in the face of difficulties. Different from fear, joy, or anger, cheerfulness isn’t something that overcomes you. 41 As such, you can include it into your life once you make the right mental switch. Here are four ways to do so.
◎Acknowledge the difficulties.
Cheerfulness is an honest emotion because you’re not hiding from reality. 42 Instead, it’s extremely important to be honest with yourself about the problems you’re facing. Only by first acknowledging that things are tough will you be able to find ways to cope.
◎Don’t focus on the negative.
Whether in your personal life or in society, it’s easy to focus on what’s going wrong. But whatever you focus on, it grows. If you decide to focus on what’s going wrong, those problems will grow in your mind until they consume you. 43
◎Be grateful for what you have.
44 Usually, they’re the things we take for granted until they’re no longer there, such as good health, a loving family, or even something as simple as a beautiful sunrise. Being grateful will shift your perspective and make it easier to see the silver linings of your problems.
◎ 45
No cheerfulness without laughter. So you can watch comedies, browse memes, or joke around with friends.
Laughter strengthens your immune system, boosts your mood, makes you feel less pain, and protects you from stress. Laughter is cathartic (精神宣泄的) and infectious. Laugh and brighten the room.
A．Find your sense of humor.
B．Deal with difficulties seriously.
C．Focus on the good things you have.
D．To a large degree, cheerfulness is a choice.
E．You’re not covering your eyes and looking away.
F．Acknowledge the problems, but don’t give them too much attention.
G．Being cheerful will make you see the world and your own life in a different way.
【答案】41．D 42．E 43．F 44．C 45．A
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四种帮助快乐的方法。
41．前文“Different from fear, joy, or anger, cheerfulness isn’t something that overcomes you.(与恐惧、喜悦或愤怒不同，快乐并不是能战胜你的东西。)”讲述了快乐不是能战胜你的东西，空处应讲述快乐应该是什么，D项“在很大程度上，快乐是一种选择。”符合题意。故选D。
42．根据前文“Cheerfulness is an honest emotion because you’re not hiding from reality.(快乐是一种诚实的情绪，因为你不会逃避现实。)”和后文“Instead, it’s extremely important to be honest with yourself about the problems you’re facing.(相反，对自己所面临的问题坦诚相待是极其重要的。)”可知，空处的内容与Instead后面的内容相反，表示你不会逃避，E项“你没有捂住眼睛，把目光移开。”符合题意。故选E。
43．根据本段小标题“Don’t focus on the negative.(不要把注意力集中在消极的方面。)”和前文“If you decide to focus on what’s going wrong, those problems will grow in your mind until they consume you.(如果你决定专注于哪里出了问题，这些问题会在你的脑海中滋长，直到吞噬你。)”可知，本段主要讲述了不要把注意力集中在消极的方面，专注问题会吞噬你，所以空处讲的应是不要太关注问题，F项“承认问题，但不要太在意。”符合题意。故选F。
44．根据本段小标题“Be grateful for what you have.(感激你所拥有的。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是对所拥有的事情心存感激，C项“专注于你所拥有的美好事物。”符合题意，且选项中的the good things和下文中的They指代一致。故选C。
45．空处是本段小标题，根据下文“No cheerfulness without laughter. So you can watch comedies, browse memes, or joke around with friends. Laughter strengthens your immune system, boosts your mood, makes
you feel less pain, and protects you from stress. Laughter is cathartic(精神宣泄的) and infectious. Laugh and brighten the room.(没有欢笑就没有快乐。所以你可以看喜剧，浏览表情包，或者和朋友开玩笑。笑能增强你的免疫系统，提升你的情绪，让你感觉不那么痛苦，并保护你免受压力。笑声具有宣泄和感染力。开怀大笑，让房间明亮起来。)”可知，本段主要讲述了要找办法让自己开怀大笑，快乐起来，A项“找到你的幽默感。”符合题意。故选A。
（2024·广东韶关·二模）Daily Habits to Help You Get Healthier in 2024
Many of us hope to make changes for the better for the new year, and health goals tend to be at the top of that list. Sometimes New Year’s wishes require some sacrifices. 46 Below are some achievable daily habits that keep your overall health.
Prioritize sleep.
Your body needs time not only to rest and recharge, but also to do important work like learning new things. Experts suggest teenagers should get at least eight hours sleep each day. If this is a challenge for you, turn to your circadian rhythm, which tells you the right time to sleep and wake up. 47 Just go to bed and get up at the same time every day.
Take a break from electronics.
In fact, studies have found that screen addiction has a negative influence on our health. 48 Keeping away from screen can improve your sleep and reduce depression and anxiety. Thus, remember to spare time each day when you’re screen-free.
49
Your healthy habits can also be fun and rewarding. What have you always wanted to do Your answer to that question might point you toward a new hobby to explore in 2024. And getting into it can help you reduce stress and boost mental well-being. Plus, some hobbies can get you moving, boosting your physical and mental health. 50
Ultimately, you can pick one or two healthy daily habits. And I am sure you’ll be moving toward a healthier, happier 2024.
A．Fight against stress.
B．Take on a new hobby.
C．Fortunately, doing the opposite is beneficial.
D．Then how do you use your body clock for better sleep
E．For better sleep, perhaps make that the last thing before bed.
F．However, we don’t have to give up too much to realize them.
G．Maybe playing basketball or doing yoga will be a good choice.
【答案】46．F 47．D 48．C 49．B 50．G
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了几种帮助你变得更健康的日常习惯。
46．根据前文“Many of us hope to make changes for the better for the new year, and health goals tend to be at the top of that list. Sometimes New Year’s wishes require some sacrifices.(我们中的许多人都希望在新的一年里做出更好的改变，而健康目标往往是最重要的。有时新年愿望需要一些牺牲)”以及后文“Below are some achievable daily habits that keep your overall health.(以下是一些可以实现的日常习惯，可以保持你的整体健康)”可知，前文讲述新年愿望需要一些牺牲，后文开始介绍一些可以实现的日常习惯，前后为转折关系，所以空处应和前文转折，F项“However, we don’t have to give up too much to realize them.(然而，我们不需要放弃太多来实现它们)”符合文意，和前文构成转折关系，并引出下文。故选F项。
47．根据前文“Your body needs time not only to rest and recharge, but also to do important work like learning new things. Experts suggest teenagers should get at least eight hours sleep each day. If this is a challenge for you, turn to your circadian rhythm, which tells you the right time to sleep and wake up.(你的身体不仅需要时间休息和充电，还需要时间做一些重要的工作，比如学习新事物。专家建议青少年每天至少要保证8小时的睡眠。如果这对你来说是一个挑战，求助于你的昼夜节律，它会告诉你正确的睡觉和起床时间)”可知，本文的主题是，要成好好休息的习惯，如果有困难可以求助于你的昼夜节律，所以D项“Then how do you use your body clock for better sleep (那么如何利用生物钟来获得更好的睡眠呢 )”符合本段主题，且body clock和circadian rhythm为同义词，后文“Just go to bed and get up at the same time every day.(每天在同一时间睡觉和起床)”是对本句的回答。故选D项。
48．根据前文“In fact, studies have found that screen addiction has a negative influence on our health.(事实上，研究发现，屏幕成瘾对我们的健康有负面影响)”以及后文“Keeping away from screen can improve your sleep and reduce depression and anxiety. Thus, remember to spare time each day when you’re screen-free.(远离屏幕可以改善你的睡眠，减少抑郁和焦虑。因此，记得每天在远离屏幕的时候抽出时间)”可知，前文讲述屏幕成瘾对我们的健康有负面影响，后文讲述远离屏幕有益，所以前后为转折关系，所以C项“Fortunately, doing the opposite is beneficial.(幸运的是，相反的做法是有益的)”起到过渡作用，承接前后文。故选C项。
49．分析设空，为本段小标题，根据后文“Your healthy habits can also be fun and rewarding. What have you always wanted to do Your answer to that question might point you toward a new hobby to explore in 2024.(你的健康习惯也可以是有趣和有益的。你一直想做什么 你对这个问题的回答可能会让你在2024年探索一个新的爱好)”可知，本段讲述是培养一个新的爱好，所以B项“Take on a new hobby.(培养新的爱好)”为本段小标题。故选B项。
50．空处位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Your healthy habits can also be fun and rewarding. What have you always wanted to do Your answer to that question might point you toward a new hobby to explore in 2024. And getting into it can help you reduce stress and boost mental well-being. Plus, some hobbies can get you moving, boosting your physical and mental health.(你的健康习惯也可以是有趣和有益的。你一直想做什么 你对这个问题的回答可能会让你在2024年探索一个新的爱好。投入其中可以帮助你减轻压力，促进心理健康。此外，一些爱好可以让你动起来，促进你的身心健康)”可知，本段讲述培养一个新的爱好，所以G项“Maybe playing basketball or doing yoga will be a good choice.(也许打篮球或做瑜伽会是一个不错的选择)”是对前文的具体举例，符合文意。故选G项。
（2024·陕西宝鸡·二模）Laugh Your Worries Away
Have you ever laughed so much you simply couldn’t stop Perhaps your body has keeled over with laughter or you have “got the giggles” at an inappropriate moment. As World Laughter Day approaches, read on to find out why chuckling puts a smile on your face and is good for you.
51
Laughter is a sound you make involuntarily. When you laugh, you are using the muscles in between your ribcage. This squeezes air out of you, causing you to make a noise. There are other effects too: laughter causes 15 muscles in your face to contract (move), leaving you with a big grin.
Why do we laugh
52 . In fact, it’s a way of connecting with other people. Sophie Scott is a laughter expert and neuroscientist, which means she studies the brain. She told The Week Junior, “The main reason why we laugh is social. It’s something we do to make and maintain bonds with other people and it’s a really important way of us communicating with each other.”
Is laughter really good for me
Not only does laughter connect you to others but it can also help when you’re feeling down or worried. Scott says, “Laughter is a very important way to deal with stress.” 53 , which can help you feel less anxious and more relaxed. In fact, a recent study by a children’s mental health charity, the Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, shows that 83% of young people rely on laughter to improve their mood. Laughter can strengthen the immune system and it has been linked to a healthy heart. 54 .
What if I’m not in the mood to laugh
It’s possible and normal to laugh when feeling sad. 55 . Laughter is also contagious, which means whatever your mood is, you can catch the giggles from others who are laughing.
A．What is laughter
B．When do we laugh
C．Surprisingly, it has very little to do with your sense of humor
D．Sometimes, people use laughter to lighten an awkward or upsetting situation
E．What’s more, laughing with friends or family can make you feel safe and secure
F．Endorphins, or feel-good chemicals in your body, are released when you laugh
G．Evidently, laughter, recognized as the best medicine, can help us lift our spirits
【答案】51．A 52．C 53．F 54．E 55．D
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为什么笑会让你脸上露出笑容和笑对人的好处。
51．该空选取小标题，需总结下文，句式是问句形式。由下文“Laughter is a sound you make involuntarily. When you laugh, you are using the muscles in between your ribcage. This squeezes air out of you, causing you to make a noise. There are other effects too: laughter causes 15 muscles in your face to contract (move), leaving you with a big grin. (笑声是你不由自主地发出的声音。当你笑的时候，你在使用胸腔之间的肌肉。这会挤压你的空气，导致你发出响声。还有其他影响：笑会导致你脸上的15块肌肉收缩（移动），让你咧嘴大笑)”可知，下文在介绍什么是笑，A选项“什么是笑”切合语境。故选A项。
52．下文“In fact, it’s a way of connecting with other people. Sophie Scott is a laughter expert and neuroscientist, which means she studies the brain. She told The Week Junior, “The main reason why we laugh is social. It’s something we do to make and maintain bonds with other people and it’s a really important way of us communicating with each other.”(事实上，这是一种与他人建立联系的方式。索菲·斯科特是一位大笑专家和神经科学家，这意味着她研究大脑。她告诉The Week Junior，“我们笑的主要原因是社交。这是我们与他人建立和保持联系的事情，也是我们相互沟通的一种非常重要的方式。”)”着重强调人们笑的主要原因是社交，表明笑是一种与他人建立联系的方式，C选项“令人惊讶的是，这与你的幽默感几乎没有关系”切合语境，与下文形成转折对比，更正人们关于笑的错误认知，表明笑与幽默无关，而与社交有关。故选C项。
53．由上文“Laughter is a very important way to deal with stress. (笑是应对压力的一种非常重要的方式)”和下文“which can help you feel less anxious and more relaxed (它可以帮助你减少焦虑，更放松)”可知，该空应该承接上下文讲为什么笑是应对压力、让人减少焦虑、感到更放松的原因，F选项“当你大笑时，体内会释放内啡肽，或感觉良好的化学物质”切合语境，是其原因。故选F项。
54．由小标题“Is laughter really good for me (笑真的对我有好处吗？)”和上文“Not only does laughter connect you to others but it can also help when you’re feeling down or worried. Scott says, “Laughter is a very
important way to deal with stress.” Endorphins, or feel-good chemicals in your body, are released when you laugh, which can help you feel less anxious and more relaxed. In fact, a recent study by a children’s mental health charity, the Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, shows that 83% of young people rely on laughter to improve their mood. Laughter can strengthen the immune system and it has been linked to a healthy heart. (笑不仅能把你与他人联系起来，而且在你情绪低落或担忧时也会有所帮助。斯科特说：“笑是应对压力的一种非常重要的方式。”当你笑的时候，体内会释放内啡肽，或感觉良好的化学物质，这可以帮助你减少焦虑，更放松。事实上，儿童心理健康慈善机构安娜·弗洛伊德国家儿童和家庭中心最近的一项研究表明，83%的年轻人依靠笑声来改善情绪。笑可以增强免疫系统，它与健康的心脏有关)”可知，本段主要讲笑给人带来的好处，该空应承接上文继续讲笑的好处，E选项“而且，与朋友或家人一起大笑可以让你感到安全和有保障”切合语境，选项中“What’s more”提示笑的其它好处。故选E项。
55．由小标题“What if I’m not in the mood to laugh (如果我没有心情笑呢？)”和上文“It’s possible and normal to laugh when feeling sad. (悲伤时大笑是可能的，也是正常的)”可知，文章举例说明没有想笑的心情下去笑的例子，如悲伤下大笑，D选项“有时，人们会用笑声来缓解尴尬或不安的局面”切合语境，提供了为缓解尴尬或不安局面去笑的例子，它们都不是在想笑的心情下去笑的例子。故选D项。
（2024·山西·二模）In the fast-paced rhythm of modern life, the act of eating has often become a hurried and mindless routine. 56 Mindful eating, rooted in ancient practices, offers a refreshing alternative-a pathway to improved well-being and a deeper connection with our food.
The journey into mindful eating begins with the simple act of pausing. 57 Sit comfortably, take a few deep breaths, and distance from electronic devices or work-related materials. This pause sets the tone for a mindful eating experience, creating a space where you can fully engage with the nourishment (养分) and the present moment.
Rather than mindlessly consuming large quantities of food, use visual cues (提示，暗示)， such as the size of your palm or a closed fist, to measure appropriate serving sizes. 58
As you eat, tune in to your body’s fullness signals. Instead of sticking to external cues or rigid meal schedules, let your body guide you. Don’t forget to chew thoroughly. It supports the digestive process by breaking down food into smaller particles, making it easier for your body to absorb nutrients. 59 Aim to chew each bite at least 20 times. By adopting a more leisurely approach to meals, you invite a sense of relaxation into your dining experience.
Among the focus on food, it’s crucial to extend mindfulness to hydration (水合作用). Drinking water is an inseparable part of the eating experience. Before, during, and after your meal, take moments to hydrate. Mindful hydration complements the act of eating, contributing to overall well-being and ensuring that your body is adequately nourished and hydrated.
60 It becomes a mindfulness practice that fuels not only your body but also your soul.
A．Common as it is, it is unhealthy.
B．Mindful eating goes beyond the act of consuming food.
C．This approach emphasized on the quantity rather than the quality of your food.
D．Before diving into your meal, take a moment to create a specific space for eating.
E．By dedicating time to eat without multitasking, you honour the food on your plate.
F．Portion awareness is not about restriction but about a balanced relationship with food.
G．Additionally, it provides your brain with the time it needs to register feelings of fullness.
【答案】56．A 57．D 58．F 59．G 60．B
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种改善健康和与食物更深层次联系的途径。
56．根据上文“In the fast-paced rhythm of modern life, the act of eating has often become a hurried and mindless routine. (在快节奏的现代生活节奏中，吃饭的行为经常成为一种匆忙和无意识的例行公事。)”和下文“Mindful eating, rooted in ancient practices, offers a refreshing alternative-a pathway to improved well-being and a deeper connection with our food. (根植于古老习俗的正念饮食提供了一种令人耳目一新的选择——一种改善健康和与食物更深层次联系的途径。)”可知，空处应该指出上文中提到的吃饭行为是不健康的，需要人们重新做出选择。A项：Common as it is, it is unhealthy. (虽然它很常见，但它是不健康的。)符合语境。故选A。
57．根据上文“The journey into mindful eating begins with the simple act of pausing. (进入正念饮食的旅程始于简单的暂停。)”和下文“This pause sets the tone for a mindful eating experience, creating a space where you can fully engage with the nourishment (养分) and the present moment. (这种停顿为用心饮食体验奠定了基调，创造了一个空间，让你可以充分享受营养和当下。)”可知，空前提到注意饮食从简单的停顿开始，空后介绍了为饮食留一个专门的地方。空处承上启下，指出在吃饭前要创造一个特定吃饭空间。D项中的“a specific space”和下文中的“a space where you can fully engage with the nourishment (养分) and the present moment.”对应。D项：Before diving into your meal, take a moment to create a specific space for eating. (在你开始吃饭之前，花点时间创造一个特定的吃饭空间。)符合语境。故选D。
58．根据上文“Rather than mindlessly consuming large quantities of food, use visual cues (提示，暗示), such as the size of your palm or a closed fist, to measure appropriate serving sizes. ( 与其盲目地吃大量食物，不如利用视觉线索，比如手掌的大小或握紧的拳头，来衡量适当的份量。)”可知，上文提到了注意衡量合适的分量，
空处对其进行进一步解释说明。F项：Portion awareness is not about restriction but about a balanced relationship with food. (份量意识不是关于限制，而是关于与食物的平衡关系。)符合语境。故选F。
59．根据上文“It supports the digestive process by breaking down food into smaller particles, making it easier for your body to absorb nutrients. (它通过将食物分解成更小的颗粒来支持消化过程，使你的身体更容易吸收营养。)”可知，上文提到细嚼慢咽可以让身体更好的吸收，空处与其并列，继续说明细嚼慢咽的好处。G项：Additionally, it provides your brain with the time it needs to register feelings of fullness. (另外，它给你的大脑提供了足够的时间来记录饱腹感。)符合语境。故选G。
60．根据下文“It becomes a mindfulness practice that fuels not only your body but also your soul. (它变成了一种正念练习，不仅为你的身体，也为你的灵魂提供能量。)”可知，下文将正念饮食进行了升华，说明她不仅仅是一种消耗食物的行为。 B项：Mindful eating goes beyond the act of consuming food. (正念饮食不仅仅是消费食物的行为。)符合语境。故选B。
（2024·浙江·二模）Hard work has been part of every laureate’s journey towards the Nobel Prize. Many examples. Francoise Barré-Sinoussi spent time in the lab on the morning of her wedding. After Michael Brown’s first daughter was born, he went straight back to discuss the next day’s experiments. Early-career scientists often ask laureates (获奖者) about work-life balance. 61
Spend time with your family and friends. Many laureates stress the value of maintaining personal relationships. Doctor Brian Kobilka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. 62 However, despite a heavy workload, he also made time for his family. As Brian Kobilka explains, family provides essential support.
Sleep well at night. 63 It is therefore tempting to finish work before health-promoting activities. However, this is a trap which Oliver Smithies advises against. Not only is sleep needed to stay healthy, but your brain needs sleep to function at full capacity so you can generate ideas and solve problems.
64 Family, work and sleep are all important to a scientist’s success. But they don’t all have to be a constant focus. Sometimes it will be important to avoid maintaining everything at a high level. Don’t be daunted by the idea you have to do everything perfectly at once — you can have a different focus at different times.
Don’t work too hard. Ultimately, working too hard won’t be beneficial. Not only do you risk burning yourself out, but you are also restricted in your thinking. Taking time away from work can allow you to approach problems in a new way. 65 Laureates often point out that working long hours doesn’t always lead to efficiency.
A．My solutions may be of some help.
B．Their answers can be enlightening.
C．Focus on different aspects of your life.
D．Never hesitate to bravely rise to challenge.
E．Sleep, exercise and eating well can all conflict with working long hours.
F．He would moonlight in an emergency room as well as working in the lab.
G．Going for a walk, for example, gives you the chance to take a step back and see things differently.
【答案】61．B 62．F 63．E 64．C 65．G
【导语】
本文是说明文。文章通过列举诺贝尔奖得主的关于工作与生活的观点，讲述了一些维持生活和工作平衡的方法。
61．上文“Hard work has been part of every laureate’s journey towards the Nobel Prize. Many examples…. Early-career scientists often ask laureates (获奖者) about work-life balance.( 努力工作是每位获奖者迈向诺贝尔奖之路的一部分。……早期职业科学家经常向获奖者询问工作与生活的平衡.)”说明，获得诺贝尔奖是需要努力工作的，但是工作和生活不容易取得平衡，结合下文每段的首句可知，下文讲述了诺贝尔获奖者维持生活和工作平衡的策略，因此推断，B项“他们的回答很有启发性。”符合语境，承上启下。故选B。
62．根据首句“Spend time with your family and friends. Many laureates stress the value of maintaining personal relationships.(花时间与家人和朋友在一起。)”可知，本段建议花时间与家人和朋友在一起，结合空前一句“Doctor Brian Kobilka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.( 布赖恩·科比尔卡博士被授予诺贝尔化学奖。)”可知，此处举例说明与家人和朋友在一起的价值，下文“However, despite a heavy workload, he also made time for his family. (然而，尽管工作繁重，他也抽出时间陪伴家人。)”说明布赖恩·科比尔卡博士也会做一些实验室外的事情，因此推断F项“除了在实验室工作外，他还会在急诊室兼职。”符合语境，故选F。
63．根据段落首句“Sleep well at night.( 晚上睡个好觉。)”可知，本段建议晚上好好休息，睡个好觉，下文“However, this is a trap which Oliver Smithies advises against. Not only is sleep needed to stay healthy, but your brain needs sleep to function at full capacity so you can generate ideas and solve problems.(然而，这是奥利弗·史密斯所反对的陷阱。睡眠不仅是保持健康所必需的，而且你的大脑也需要睡眠来充分发挥功能，这样你才能产生想法并解决问题。)”说明了睡眠与工作并不冲突，However表示前后文是转折关系，因此推断E项“睡眠、锻炼和饮食都可能与长时间工作相冲突。”符合语境，故选E。
64．空处为段落标题。根据下文“Family, work and sleep are all important to a scientist’s success. But they don’t all have to be a constant focus. Sometimes it will be important to avoid maintaining everything at a high level. Don’t be daunted by the idea you have to do everything perfectly at once-you can have a different focus at different times.(家庭、工作和睡眠对科学家的成功都很重要。但它们不需要一直关注。有时候，避免将所
有内容都维持在高级别上是很重要的。不要被你必须一次把每件事都做得完美的想法吓倒——你可以在不同的时间有不同的关注点。)”可知，家庭，工作和睡眠都重要，不需要一直关注所有的内容，也不必把每件事都做得完美，可以在不同的时间有不同的关注点，因此推断C项“关注生活的不同方面。”为最佳标题，概况本段主旨，故选C。
65．上文“Taking time away from work can allow you to approach problems in a new way.( 从工作中抽出时间可以让你以一种新的方式处理问题。)”说明可以从工作中抽出一些时间放松，下文“Laureates often point out that working long hours doesn’t always lead to efficiency.(诺贝尔奖得主经常指出，长时间工作并不总是带来效率。)”说明诺贝尔奖得主的观点，长时间工作效率不高，因此推断G项“例如，去散步，给你一个退一步看不同事物的机会。”符合语境，故选G。
（2024·陕西榆林·二模）How to Be Funny
Humor can help you connect with other people and make unpleasant situations a little more bearable. 66 But it’s not that hard once you tap into your inner sense of humor. Even if you don’t think you’re naturally funny, there are things you can do to make yourself and other people laugh.
Learn from funny people. You can expand your reach a good deal by listening to other funny people. Whether they’re professional comedians, your parents, your kids, or your boss, learning from the funny people in your 《2024年高考英语名校真题二轮零失误规范训练》（全国通用）
专题19 阅读理解七选五最新真题模拟16篇（干货+模拟）
原卷版
技能专区：冲刺备考名师提醒，洞悉高考命题规律，提供高效提分干货
七选五解题步骤
一、通读全文，对文章进行快速浏览，寻找主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。
在阅读过程中，要注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句，因为“开门见山”与“结尾总结”的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是是全文的主题所在，说明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题有重要意义。
二、详读段落，在短时间内，找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。
文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行的不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。阅读各个空的前后句，标记关键词，关键词包括句中的核心名词或名词词组（如带有形容词的名词词组）、专有名词、时间数字、代词、连词等。重点阅读各个问题附近的句子，圈定线索词，然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词，以确定答案。做题时可以采用代入排除法。如果一题做不出或拿不准，可先放过，继续往下读，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完整篇文章。
三、定位选项，明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语。
根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。
四、通读复检，将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。
在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、合乎逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应注意对相近选项的对比分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。
五、确定排除，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。
七选五思维导图
模拟专区：做好题才有好成绩！练技能，补漏洞，提分数，强信心
（2024·全国·二模）The Powerful Guide to Finding Your Passion
Following your passion can be a tough thing. But figuring out what that passion is can be even more difficult. Here are some tips to find your passion.
1 Unless you’re just starting out in life, you have some skills or talent, showing some kind of aptitude. Give this some thought. Think back, as far as you can, to jobs, projects or hobbies. This could be your passion. Or you may have several things. Start a list of potential candidates.
2 It may be something at work-a little part of your job that gets you excited. It could be something you do outside of work-a hobby, a side job, something you do as a volunteer or a parent or a spouse or a friend. It could be something you haven’t done in a while. Add any answers to your list.
Think about what you have secretly dreamed of. 3 But some fear, some self-doubt, has held you back, has led you to dismiss this idea. Maybe there are several. Add them to the list—no matter how unrealistic.
Learn, ask, take notes. OK, you have a list. 4 This is your first candidate. Now read up on it, talk to people who’ve been successful in the field. Make a list of notes of things you need to learn, need to improve on, skills you want to master and people to talk to.
Experiment and try. Here’s where the learning really takes place. If you haven’t been already, start to do the thing you’ve chosen. Pay attention to how you feel doing it-is it something you look forward to, that gets you excited, that you love to share 5
A．Find what excites you.
B．Confirm what you are good at.
C．Predict what’s the worst that can happen.
D．Pick one thing from the list that excites you most.
E．If all the answers are “yes”, you’ve found where your passion is.
F．You need to do something, get good at it, be passionate about it.
G．You might have some ridiculous dream job you’ve always wanted to do.
（2024·全国·二模）How to Protect Against Undue Influence Online
The potential for undue influence has become increasingly significant in this era of digital interconnectivity. Undue influence can affect our perceptions and influence our decisions. It may even end anger our autonomy (自主) and mental health. 6
Understand what undue influence is
The first step to protecting yourself is understanding what undue influence is. Undue influence refers to a
situation in which an individual or group employs unreasonable control over another person’s behavior information, thoughts, and emotions. 7 Disinformation campaigns, persuasive advertising, and even content designed to cause fear, uncertainty, or dependency may often appear online.
Develop media literacy skills
In an age of fake news, it is crucial to develop media literacy skills. 8 Become a consumer who can tell the quality of information, identify the source, check for credibility, and look for your unconscious assumptions and preferences.
9
Delete as much data as you can about yourself. Be mindful of what information you share online, and always ensure that your online activities are secured through reliable sources. Review all policies on platforms, especially “free” ones. If you aren’t paying, then you are the product, as in many cases, they are selling your data.
By including these steps into your digital life, you can protect yourself from undue influence in the online world, ensuring that you can think and act independently, free from ill control.
10 It is your mind. Only you should control it!
A．Prioritize privacy
B．Be mindful of free ones
C．It’s vital to have a health y Internet and real-life balance.
D．In the digital world, undue influence can take many forms.
E．Everyone deserves the right to live free from undue influence.
F．They involve analyzing, evaluating, and creating media in various forms.
G．Here are some essential strategies for you to protect yourself online from undue influence.
（2024·黑龙江·二模）Living car-free in the US
Culdesac admitted its first thirty-six residents in Tempe, Arizona, US, earlier this year. 11 . The $170 million neighborhood, with its white buildings and narrow walkways(走道), is expected to hold around 1,000 people when the full 760 units are completed by 2025, according to The Guardian. Similar projects in Charlotte, North Carolina, and Houston, Texas, are also underway, said Bloomberg.
In a country as car-dependent as the US, Culdesac is nothing short of visionary (有远见的). 12 although some densely(稠密地) populated costal US cities like Boston and New York City are walkable and have various public transportation options like bus and light rail. In the 2019 US Census, it was found that roughly 85% of Americans relied on a car to get to work. 13 . In a 2023 study, the American Automobile Association said that it costs an average of about $12,000 per year to own and maintain a car in the US. So, what is stopping
Americans from abandoning cars and embracing relatively cheaper alternatives like e-bikes In a word, unsafe roads that prioritize cars over people. According to a 2019 report by the World Health Organization, the US traffic fatality rate is 12.4 deaths per 100,000. At the same time, pedestrians and cyclists in the US are often blamed for being hit by drivers rather than the other way around.
14 . By embracing a new car-free way of living, US projects like Culdesac can provide an alternative way of living that is both healthier and more affordable and, in turn, influence others to live a better way as well. As Vanessa Fox, a 32-year-old resident of Culdesac, said, “ 15 . Freedom is being to just simply walk out and access places.”
A．Still, there is hope
B．Cars are allowed, but parking is limited
C．This can effectively avoid traffic accidents on a road
D．This reliance on cars doesn’t come cheap, unfortunately
E．For some, cars equal freedom, but for me, it’s a restriction
F．It describes itself as the first car-free neighbourhood built in the US
G．The vast majority of Americans are entirely dependent on cars to get around
（2024·湖北·二模）Get Better at Saying No
When rejecting a request, “no” is a short, simple word that can cause anxiety for the person trying to say it. The following strategies can help you get better at saying no. Be intentional about what you communicate.
16 Sure, but as psychologist Vanessa Bohns points out, only saying a “no” is often pretty uncomfortable for the asker. Instead, she advises communicating three things: “It’s not because of me, it’s not because of you, and it’s not because of us.” One way to do that is by thanking people for thinking of you. 17 Then, follow up with a short explanation: “I wish I could, but I just don’t have the time right now.” That helps make it clear that your “no” isn’t a poor reflection of your own character; it’s not the other person; and it’s not a disapproval of the relationship, Bohns says. Have a planned phrase for more informal encounters.
Not every situation, of course, calls for such a thoughtful approach. Think through times when you’ve gotten stressed over delivering a quick “no”, and then brainstorm phrases you could use in the future. Bohns, for example, is often asked to donate to some cause or another as she checks out at the grocery store. 18 “It’s true, and it’s a way of saying, essentially, that I’m still a good person,” she says. 19
There’s always that one guy who won’t take “no” for an answer. If someone is applying too much pressure, adopt what psychologist Ellen Hendriksen describes as the broken-record technique. 20 Occasionally, the
asker will get annoyed, but usually after repeating yourself two or three times, even the most persistent (执着的) people will get the message.
A．She says no directly.
B．That is, stick to your answer.
C．Adopt the broken-record technique.
D．It’s not worth repeating your request again and again.
E．She now has a go-to response: “I already donated this year.”
F．You might hear that “no” is a convenient word for declining requests.
G．This makes them relieved that they didn’t do anything wrong by asking.
（2024·湖南岳阳·二模）Anger is the most destructive emotion. When in a temper, you make hasty ill-considered decisions that you will probably regret. You will also regret language spoken without thought. How to stop being angry 21
Change your attitude to the way the world works. You have to accept that sometimes things do go wrong and that people are not always lovely. 22 Also, you need to accept that not everyone has the same standards as you, nor will they behave in the same way that you would in a given situation. The answer is to be a bit more flexible and loosen your hold on life.
Don’t dismiss anger as a bad emotion. There are occasions when anger can be directed in such a way as to achieve great things. Martin Luther King was angry about the lack of civil rights in the USA．Gandhi was angry about British domination in India. 23 Use anger to help you not prevent you.
24 Anger management used to be promoted as a way of dealing with anger, but all that happens is that the anger is held back. A much better way of facing up to anger is to identify the root cause. When trying to get to the root cause, be prepared to be honest with yourself. Once you know why you get mad, it is possible to deal with the cause. Take positive steps to help you overcome feelings of anger.
25 Make changes to your lifestyle and attitudes, and you will stop being angry.
A．Stop trying to manage your anger.
B．Try to control it when you get angry.
C．Here are ways that you can counter the causes of anger.
D．In conclusion, you must recognize that anger is something you can control.
E．Realizing that no one is perfect is a good start to avoiding getting angry.
F．Try to accept that other people do behave in ways that will make you frustrated and angry.
G．They both used anger to motivate themselves to fight against what they saw as injustice.
（2024·辽宁鞍山·二模）Historically, only local governments worried about a widespread food crisis, but today, the rapidly rising food prices and the resulting food crisis can quickly be a worldwide phenomenon. Over the next 20 years, the fight to feed the world will be a huge challenge facing the global economy. 26
The first solution lies in the combined effect of money and time. 27 . More than ever, we need the transfer of time and money away from the army and toward creating an international plan to deal with hunger.
28 . It helps coordinate (使协调) public policies, individual actions, farmer practices and consumer behavior towards common goals. As a result, it is crucial to work on such a strategy.
Another way to solve the crisis is to double food production in developing countries. 29 . Governmental agencies, non-profit organizations, agricultural scientists, private investors and charitable donors, all must partner together to enhance the capacity of the developing world to meet the great need for food.
While we may not be seeing all the symptoms of food shortage, we must be clear-eyed in our current support of food production. It is obvious that we will face a severe problem, but the problem is solvable. 30 , we must do it carefully and consistently.
A．Since you think it beneficial to the whole world
B．What about developing economy to solve the crisis
C．If we are to reach our goal and prevent a global food crisis
D．How can we relieve the current crisis and avoid future risks
E．The goal needs an enormous investment in agriculture from various sources
F．Developing a national strategy to reduce food loss and waste is also useful to handle the crisis
G．Some countries like India have realized this fact and are giving more financial support to agriculture
（2024·福建莆田·二模）Almost everyone has felt something similar: wearing clothes we don’t like causes a general feeling of unease and discontent. This proves the fact that clothes have more than functions of protection or warmth in life. 31 As former fashion editor Caryn Franklin writes, “Fashion offers a dialogue rich with social and political meaning for those who want to unlock the language of clothes.”
32 We like or dislike certain colors because of the attributes or moods we associate with them. Those associations might be cultural. White, for example, is commonly associated with purity and innocence in Western cultures, whereas in China, people associate it with death and mourning. 33
The book The Little Prince offers a fictional example of the latter: The fox will love the sight of wheat, which had been meaningless to him, just because it will remind him of the color of the boy’s hair.
As a result, associations can differ widely from person to person and culture to culture. Others might read into our outfits something different than we intend. 34 But as long as we are not wearing our clothes specifically to communicate certain qualities to others in a specific context (such as professionalism at a job interview), what others think of our clothes should be less important than what we think of them and why we choose to wear them. 35
A．Take colors, for instance.
B．We ought to dress to benefit ourselves, not others.
C．They also communicate something about the wearer.
D．Thus, they will misunderstand our values and identity.
E．Clothes have the psychological power to elevate our sense of self.
F．Or we can form associations based on our personal experience and values.
G．We might also associate certain fabrics with different qualities of character.
（2024·新疆塔城·二模）Stop Spam!
When I first got an e-mail account over ten years ago, I received communications only from family, friends, and colleagues. Now it seems that every time I check my e-mail, I have an endless series of advertisements and other correspondence that do not interest me at all. 36 and we need specific laws that make spamming (发送垃圾邮件) a crime.
37 , the problem will certainly get much puter programs allow spammers to send hundreds of millions of e-mails almost instantly. 38 so individual e-mail boxes are often flooded with spam e-mails. Would people continue to use e- mail if they had to deal with an annoying amount of spam each time
This problem is troubling for individuals and companies as well. panies rely on e-mail for their employees to communicate with each other. Spam frequently causes failures in their local communication networks, and their employees are thus unable to communicate effectively. Such a situation results in a loss of productivity and requires companies to repeatedly repair their networks.
For these reasons, 40 . Spammers should be fined, and perhaps sent to prison if they continue to disturb people. E-mail is a tool which helps people all over the world to communicate conveniently, but spam is destroying this convenience.
A．We want e-mail to continue to be useful
B．If people have to deal with an annoying spam
C．I believe that lawmakers need to legislate against spam
D．If lawmakers do not do something soon to prohibit spam
E．More and more advertisers turn to spam to sell their products
F．Many spam e-mails contain computer viruses that can shut down the entire network of a company
G．These computer problems raise production costs of companies, which are passed on to the consumer
（2024·湖南衡阳·二模）Cheerfulness is a powerful way to deal with a world that will always be tough and unjust in one way or another. It is a sign of strength in the face of difficulties. Different from fear, joy, or anger, cheerfulness isn’t something that overcomes you. 41 As such, you can include it into your life once you make the right mental switch. Here are four ways to do so.
◎Acknowledge the difficulties.
Cheerfulness is an honest emotion because you’re not hiding from reality. 42 Instead, it’s extremely important to be honest with yourself about the problems you’re facing. Only by first acknowledging that things are tough will you be able to find ways to cope.
◎Don’t focus on the negative.
Whether in your personal life or in society, it’s easy to focus on what’s going wrong. But whatever you focus on, it grows. If you decide to focus on what’s going wrong, those problems will grow in your mind until they consume you. 43
◎Be grateful for what you have.
44 Usually, they’re the things we take for granted until they’re no longer there, such as good health, a loving family, or even something as simple as a beautiful sunrise. Being grateful will shift your perspective and make it easier to see the silver linings of your problems.
◎ 45
No cheerfulness without laughter. So you can watch comedies, browse memes, or joke around with friends. Laughter strengthens your immune system, boosts your mood, makes you feel less pain, and protects you from stress. Laughter is cathartic (精神宣泄的) and infectious. Laugh and brighten the room.
A．Find your sense of humor.
B．Deal with difficulties seriously.
C．Focus on the good things you have.
D．To a large degree, cheerfulness is a choice.
E．You’re not covering your eyes and looking away.
F．Acknowledge the problems, but don’t give them too much attention.
G．Being cheerful will make you see the world and your own life in a different way.
（2024·广东韶关·二模）Daily Habits to Help You Get Healthier in 2024
Many of us hope to make changes for the better for the new year, and health goals tend to be at the top of that list. Sometimes New Year’s wishes require some sacrifices. 46 Below are some achievable daily habits that keep your overall health.
Prioritize sleep.
Your body needs time not only to rest and recharge, but also to do important work like learning new things. Experts suggest teenagers should get at least eight hours sleep each day. If this is a challenge for you, turn to your circadian rhythm, which tells you the right time to sleep and wake up. 47 Just go to bed and get up at the same time every day.
Take a break from electronics.
In fact, studies have found that screen addiction has a negative influence on our health. 48 Keeping away from screen can improve your sleep and reduce depression and anxiety. Thus, remember to spare time each day when you’re screen-free.
49
Your healthy habits can also be fun and rewarding. What have you always wanted to do Your answer to that question might point you toward a new hobby to explore in 2024. And getting into it can help you reduce stress and boost mental well-being. Plus, some hobbies can get you moving, boosting your physical and mental health. 50
Ultimately, you can pick one or two healthy daily habits. And I am sure you’ll be moving toward a healthier, happier 2024.
A．Fight against stress.
B．Take on a new hobby.
C．Fortunately, doing the opposite is beneficial.
D．Then how do you use your body clock for better sleep
E．For better sleep, perhaps make that the last thing before bed.
F．However, we don’t have to give up too much to realize them.
G．Maybe playing basketball or doing yoga will be a good choice.
（2024·陕西宝鸡·二模）Laugh Your Worries Away
Have you ever laughed so much you simply couldn’t stop Perhaps your body has keeled over with laughter or you have “got the giggles” at an inappropriate moment. As World Laughter Day approaches, read on to find out why chuckling puts a smile on your face and is good for you.
51
Laughter is a sound you make involuntarily. When you laugh, you are using the muscles in between your ribcage. This squeezes air out of you, causing you to make a noise. There are other effects too: laughter causes 15 muscles in your face to contract (move), leaving you with a big grin.
Why do we laugh
52 . In fact, it’s a way of connecting with other people. Sophie Scott is a laughter expert and neuroscientist, which means she studies the brain. She told The Week Junior, “The main reason why we laugh is social. It’s something we do to make and maintain bonds with other people and it’s a really important way of us communicating with each other.”
Is laughter really good for me
Not only does laughter connect you to others but it can also help when you’re feeling down or worried. Scott says, “Laughter is a very important way to deal with stress.” 53 , which can help you feel less anxious and more relaxed. In fact, a recent study by a children’s mental health charity, the Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, shows that 83% of young people rely on laughter to improve their mood. Laughter can strengthen the immune system and it has been linked to a healthy heart. 54 .
What if I’m not in the mood to laugh
It’s possible and normal to laugh when feeling sad. 55 . Laughter is also contagious, which means whatever your mood is, you can catch the giggles from others who are laughing.
A．What is laughter
B．When do we laugh
C．Surprisingly, it has very little to do with your sense of humor
D．Sometimes, people use laughter to lighten an awkward or upsetting situation
E．What’s more, laughing with friends or family can make you feel safe and secure
F．Endorphins, or feel-good chemicals in your body, are released when you laugh
G．Evidently, laughter, recognized as the best medicine, can help us lift our spirits
（2024·山西·二模）In the fast-paced rhythm of modern life, the act of eating has often become a hurried and
mindless routine. 56 Mindful eating, rooted in ancient practices, offers a refreshing alternative-a pathway to improved well-being and a deeper connection with our food.
The journey into mindful eating begins with the simple act of pausing. 57 Sit comfortably, take a few deep breaths, and distance from electronic devices or work-related materials. This pause sets the tone for a mindful eating experience, creating a space where you can fully engage with the nourishment (养分) and the present moment.
Rather than mindlessly consuming large quantities of food, use visual cues (提示，暗示)， such as the size of your palm or a closed fist, to measure appropriate serving sizes. 58
As you eat, tune in to your body’s fullness signals. Instead of sticking to external cues or rigid meal schedules, let your body guide you. Don’t forget to chew thoroughly. It supports the digestive process by breaking down food into smaller particles, making it easier for your body to absorb nutrients. 59 Aim to chew each bite at least 20 times. By adopting a more leisurely approach to meals, you invite a sense of relaxation into your dining experience.
Among the focus on food, it’s crucial to extend mindfulness to hydration (水合作用). Drinking water is an inseparable part of the eating experience. Before, during, and after your meal, take moments to hydrate. Mindful hydration complements the act of eating, contributing to overall well-being and ensuring that your body is adequately nourished and hydrated.
60 It becomes a mindfulness practice that fuels not only your body but also your soul.
A．Common as it is, it is unhealthy.
B．Mindful eating goes beyond the act of consuming food.
C．This approach emphasized on the quantity rather than the quality of your food.
D．Before diving into your meal, take a moment to create a specific space for eating.
E．By dedicating time to eat without multitasking, you honour the food on your plate.
F．Portion awareness is not about restriction but about a balanced relationship with food.
G．Additionally, it provides your brain with the time it needs to register feelings of fullness.
（2024·浙江·二模）Hard work has been part of every laureate’s journey towards the Nobel Prize. Many examples. Francoise Barré-Sinoussi spent time in the lab on the morning of her wedding. After Michael Brown’s first daughter was born, he went straight back to discuss the next day’s experiments. Early-career scientists often ask laureates (获奖者) about work-life balance. 61
Spend time with your family and friends. Many laureates stress the value of maintaining personal relationships. Doctor Brian Kobilka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. 62 However, despite a heavy workload, he
also made time for his family. As Brian Kobilka explains, family provides essential support.
Sleep well at night. 63 It is therefore tempting to finish work before health-promoting activities. However, this is a trap which Oliver Smithies advises against. Not only is sleep needed to stay healthy, but your brain needs sleep to function at full capacity so you can generate ideas and solve problems.
64 Family, work and sleep are all important to a scientist’s success. But they don’t all have to be a constant focus. Sometimes it will be important to avoid maintaining everything at a high level. Don’t be daunted by the idea you have to do everything perfectly at once — you can have a different focus at different times.
Don’t work too hard. Ultimately, working too hard won’t be beneficial. Not only do you risk burning yourself out, but you are also restricted in your thinking. Taking time away from work can allow you to approach problems in a new way. 65 Laureates often point out that working long hours doesn’t always lead to efficiency.
A．My solutions may be of some help.
B．Their answers can be enlightening.
C．Focus on different aspects of your life.
D．Never hesitate to bravely rise to challenge.
E．Sleep, exercise and eating well can all conflict with working long hours.
F．He would moonlight in an emergency room as well as working in the lab.
G．Going for a walk, for example, gives you the chance to take a step back and see things differently.
（2024·陕西榆林·二模）How to Be Funny
Humor can help you connect with other people and make unpleasant situations a little more bearable. 66 But it’s not that hard once you tap into your inner sense of humor. Even if you don’t think you’re naturally funny, there are things you can do to make yourself and other people laugh.
Learn from funny people. You can expand your reach a good deal by listening to other funny people. Whether they’re professional comedians, your parents, your kids, or your boss, learning from the funny people in your life is a key step towards being a funny person. 67 Look for what you admire most in these people.
Broaden your factual knowledge for joke material. 68 They may be your amazing knowledge of 17th-century poetry, your familiarity with fishing trips that went wrong, etc. Whatever the material is, it needs to resonate(引起共鸣)with your audience.
69 Being funny doesn’t come in a one-size-fits-all package. What makes you funny is unique to you and the way you observe the world. Trust that you do have a funny bone; as babies, we laugh from four months of age, and all children express humor naturally from the kindergarten age, using humor to entertain themselves and
others. It’s already in you. You just need to bring it out!
Read, read, read. Get your hands on everything that is funny, and consume it like your mom told you not to. Chemists become chemists by reading and practicing chemistry. Sports writers become sports writers by reading and writing about sports. 70
A．Strike while the iron is hot.
B．Trust in your inner sense of humor.
C．Observe the funnier things these people say or do.
D．Being funny might seem to take a great deal of work.
E．It’s much easier to find funny moments in familiar material.
F．You’ll become a humorous person by reading and practicing jokes.
G．The better you know someone, the easier it will be to make them laugh.
（2024·湖南邵阳·二模）Coral reefs are the rainforests of the ocean. They exist on vast scales and are equally important havens(避风港)of biodiversity. Reefs occupy 0.1% of the oceans. 71
72 Without the protection which reefs afford from crashing waves, low-lying islands such as the Maldives would have flooded long ago, and a billion people would lose food or income. However, reefs are under threat from rising sea temperatures. Heat causes the algae(海藻)with which corals are living together to generate toxins(毒素)that force those coral to leave. This can cause a coral’s death.
Research groups around the world are coming up with plans of action to see if that will help, such as identifying naturally heat-resistant corals and cross-breeding such corals to create a new type. 73 Without carbon reduction and decline in local, coral-killing pollution, even resistant corals will not survive the century.
Doubters doubt humanity will get its act together in time to make much difference.
74 Carbon targets are being set and ocean pollution is being dealt with. Countries that share responsibilities for reefs are starting to act together. Scientific workarounds can also be found. Natural currents can be applied to facilitate mass breeding. Sites of the greatest ecological and economical importance can be identified to maximize bang for buck.
This mix of natural activity and human intervention is important. 75 Hard-coregreens-those who think that all habitats should be kept unspoiled-may not approve. But when entire ecosystems are facing destruction, the cost of doing nothing is too great to bear.
A．Corals are useful to people.
B．But there are grounds for optimism.
C．And they host a quarter of marine species.
D．It could serve as a blueprint for other ecosystems.
E．Coral’s global ecosystem services are worth up to $10trn a year.
F．This research can also be brought to bear on trying to save entire ecosystems.
G．However, the assisted evolution of corals does not meet with universal enthusiasm.
（2024·河北邯郸·三模）Camping isn’t the same without a fire and in fact, many campsites even allow the use of one as long as you remain responsible and eco-friendly. As daylight disappears, there’s nothing quite like a campfire to see you through the evening and into the night.
Remember, campfires can be fun as long as you put some common sense into your practice. 76 If you’re a first-timer to the whole campfire scene, or simply want to know how to get your fire blazing in no time at all, we’ve got some great tips to help you.
Choose the right location. With any campfire it’s important to select a location that’s safe. Preferably you’d keep away from areas with overhanging branches and dry undergrowth. 77
Use dry wood. If your wood logs are wet or damp, you’ll really struggle to get any fire going. Therefore, store the wood in a dry place and keep your matches tucked away in a Ziploc bag.
Build up from small beginnings. 78 You’ll need to start small and get the blaze going with firelighters, kindling or newspapers. Only then can you start to apply larger wood logs.
79 Don’t add the larger logs on too quickly, as this can stifle (抑制) the fire and see your efforts wasted at the first hurdle.
Remember to put the fire out. After you sat around the campfire, enjoying great conversation and some light-hearted games, you’ll need to put the fire out. 80 Instead, let the fire die down and pour water or shovel earth on as required.
A．Avoid rushing the process.
B．Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.
C．A great campfire takes time and patience.
D．Never go to bed believing a smoking fire safe.
E．You might come across a variety of problems.
F．Also make sure not to build your fire too near any tents.
G．Camping is a fantastic experience for people of all ages.