2024届高三英语一轮复习同位语从句 课件(共22张PPT)

(共22张PPT)
名词性从句之同位语从句
The Appositive Clause
.
练习
在学生中引起极大的兴趣的正是这位著名作家以及他的作品。
It is the famous writer and his works that have aroused great interest among the students.
.
练习
1. 我丢了他的地址.
2. 麻烦的是我丢了他的地址.
3.他担心什么？
4. 那就是他所担心的。
I lost his address.
The trouble is that I lost his address.
What is he worried about
That is what he is worried about.
在学生中引起极大的兴趣的正是这位著名作家以及他的作品。
It is the famous writer and his works that have aroused great interest among the students.
仔细观察:
1. Xu Xiuyuan, my son, is a handsome boy.
2. This is my new friend, Wu Yan.
3. We Chinese people are very brave and hardworking.
总结：同位语是用来解释或补充说明所修饰的词。
仔细观察:
1.The fact that he was successful surprised me .
2.We heard the news that he won the match.
3.I have no idea when he will be back.
总结：
同位语从句：用一个句子来充当同位语，解释或补充说明所修饰的词。
抽象名词：
1.消息证明想法为事实
news/proof/evidence/thought/idea/fact/truth
2.建议总结原因并希望承诺信仰
suggestion/conclusion/reason/hope/promise/belief
3.决定理论协议和问题
decision /theory/agreement/ problem /question
同位语从句的含义是：在复合句中，同位语从句一般放在抽象名词的后面, 对前面的名词作进一步的解释, 说明前面名词的具体含义。
同位语从句的结构是：
抽象名词+引导词+从句
同位语从句的引导词的使用
1. 连接词that引导的同位语从句
I have no idea that you were here.
The news that we won the game is exciting.
that在从句中不充当成分, 没有意义，只起连接作用, 不可以省略。
2. 连接词whether引导的同位语从句
The question whether he’ll attend the meeting is important.
表“是否”只用whether引导,不用if，而且whether不充当成分。
同位语从句的引导词的使用
3. 连接词代词what/which/who/whom /whose引导的同位语从句
1. The question who should go abroad hasn’t been decided yet.
2. I have no idea which one I should choose.
3. I get a question whom the computer belongs to.
4. I had no idea what he was.
（主语）
（定语）
（宾语）
（表语）
1.连接代词在从句中充当主语，宾语，表语和定语成分, 有意义。2.同位语从句要用陈述语序。
同位语从句的引导词的使用
4. 连接词副词when/where/why/how引导的同位语从句
1.The question where we should go has not been decided.
2.He can’t answer the question how he got the money.
3.I have no idea when he will be back.
4.I have no idea why she left.
当引导词后的句意不完整时，如“什么时候”，“什么方式”,“什么原因”，“什么方式”等含义，就用相对应的连接副词。
注意事项:
(1) 表示“建议、命令、要求”等的名词（如suggestion, advice, order, request等）后接同位语从句时，从句用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词常用“should+动词原形” 结构，should 可以省略。
1. Our teacher gave advice that we _____ (利用)every chance to speak English.
2. He gave the order that the patient ______________（send) to hospital without delay.
（should）be sent
(should) make use of
注意事项:
(2) 当doubt 作名词用于肯定句中，其后的同位语从句引导词用whether; 如果是否定句/疑问句，则用that.
1. There is some doubt ________their football team will win the match.
2. There is no/little doubt ______they will agree with you on this matter.
whether
that
注意事项:
(3)分隔式同位语从句
当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。
More and more people have the idea that we should cherish food and keep away from waste.
Word(消息) came that the government performs clear the plate .
1.从性质上区别
　 定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴，如:
The news that our team has won the game was true.
(同位语从句, 补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)
The news that he told me yesterday was true.
(定语从句, news在从句中作told的宾语)
引导词that引导定语从句时, 在从句中一般作主语或宾语 (指物时还可以用which代替), 并且作宾语时常常省略，that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用, 不充当任何成分, 并且不能省略, 也不能用which来代替，如:
The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday.
(同位语从句, 是对order的具体解释, that虽不作成分, 但不能省略)
The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups.
(定语从句, 是名词order的修饰语, that在从句中作received的宾语, 可以省略)
2.从引导词及其在句子中的成分上区别
　 有些引导词如how, whether, what 可以引导同位语从句, 但不能引导定语从句。
如: That question whether we need it has not been considered.
我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。
(同位语从句)
Let’s have a try!
1.The question ________ should do the work is being discussed at the meeting.
2. I have no idea _____ the driver made phone call when driving.
3. The fact _____two pupils were killed can’t be accepted by their parents.
4. I have some doubt _______ he is suitable for the job.
5. The problem ________we should have the meeting in the hall must be decided at once.
who
why
that
whether
when
that
名词性从句知识框架
连接代词
连接词
位于句首或用it代替 主语从句
位于及物动词或介词后面 宾语从句
位于系动词后面 表语从句
位于某些名词后面 同位语从句
分类
连接副词
who
whether/if
whom
whose
what
which
when
how
从属连词
where
why
名词性从句
引导词类型 所作句子成分
从 属 连 词 that 无成分，无意义
if 无成分， 是否
whether 连 接 代 词 who(ever) 主语，宾语，表语
whom(ever) 宾语
whose(ver) 定语
what(ever) 主语，宾语，表语，定语
which(ever) 主语，宾语，表语，定语
连 接 副 词 when 时间状语
where 地点状语
why 原因状语
how 方式状语
1.【2019·北京卷】What students do at college seems to matter much more than they go.
2.【2015·全国Ⅱ】As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly______thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
3.【2015·陕西】 Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.
4.【2016·江苏】It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.
where
how
what
that
Let’s have a try!
5.【2019·新课标】While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ______ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
6. 【2015·湖南】You have to know ______ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.
7.【2015·北京】I truly believe ______beauty comes from within.
8.【2015·安徽】A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not ______ ships are built for.
9.【2015·重庆】We must find out Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.
where
that
that
what
when
10.【2015·四川】The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution.
11.【2018·江苏】By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.
12. (2015北京改编) we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
13.(2014北京改编)The best moment for the football star was ____ he scored the winning goal.
14.(2019北京海淀11月月考) a kid is taught at a young age will affect his whole life.
how
How
when
What
why
Thank you !