人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction Section Ⅲ Using Language 课件(共72张PPT)
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(共72张PPT)
UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION
Section Ⅲ Using Language
1.了解课文大意；培养略读和查读等阅读能力。（语言能力，学习能力）
2.理解并能够自主运用重要语言点的用法。（语言能力）
3.通过阅读熟悉科幻故事类记叙文的文体特征,并掌握其写作方法及策略。（语言能力，学习能力）
细读课文，明确教材细节
Read the passage on Pages 8-9 and choose the best answers.
1.What makes the Time Traveller think that the Time Machine works ( )
A
A.The change of time on a clock. B.The lab that looks different.
C.The strange feeling in his mind. D.The trick the machine plays on him.
2.Why is the Time Traveller invisible to his niece ( )
B
A.Because he is hidden from her.
B.Because they are not in the same time period.
C.Because there is no lamp in the room.
D.Because he moves like a rocket.
3.How does the Time Traveller feel when travelling through time ( )
D
A.Excited. B.Relaxed. C.Unfortunate. D.Uncomfortable.
4.Why is the Time Traveller worried about stopping the machine ( )
C
A.An accident can happen. B.The machine will turn over.
C.An explosion may take place. D.The machine has no brakes.
核心单词
知识点1 superior adj.更好的；占优势的；（在级别、重要性或职位上）更高的＊superiority n.优越（性）；优势＊inferior adj.次的；较差的；级别低的
（P6）In sci-fi stories，robots often become superior and take over.
在科幻小说中，机器人往往会变得更占优势，并接管一切。
知识拓展
be superior to 胜过；比……好；不屈服于
be superior in sth 在某方面占优势
a sense of superiority 优越感
be inferior to比……差/级别低
经典佳句
This model is technically superior to its competitors.
这一款式在技术上超过了与之竞争的产品。
名师点拨
superior/inferior 用作形容词时，本身含有“比较”的意思，故不再有比较级或最高级形式，用superior/inferior to 表示两事物的比较。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The microwave is vastly superior ___ design ___ all other models.
in
to
（2）The technical __________ （superior） of laser discs over tape is well
established.
superiority
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）Of the two handkerchiefs, I think this one _____________________.
在这两条手帕中，我认为这条比那条好。
is superior to that one
（4）Modern music is often considered ______________ of the past.
现代音乐常被认为不如过去的音乐。
inferior to that
知识点2 fetch vt.（去）拿来； （去）请来
（P8）My niece came in to fetch something, maybe her handkerchief, apparently without seeing me.
我侄女进来拿东西，可能是她的手帕，她显然没看见我。
知识拓展
fetch sb sth替某人去取（拿）……
fetch up偶然来到；意外到达
fetch and carry （for sb）（为某人）打杂;跑腿
经典佳句
The inhabitants have to walk a mile to fetch water.
居民得走一英里路去取水。
易混辨析
fetch、bring和take的用法辨析：
fetch指一往一返，强调目的性，即专门到一个地方把某人或某物带回来；
bring指的是从某处把某人或某物带到或拿到说话者所在的地点，强调方向，而不是方式；
take指从说话人所在处移开至离说话人有一定距离的地方。
融会应用 用fetch、 bring或take填空
（1）I've trained my dog to ______ my slippers.
fetch
（2）Please ask Uncle Tom to ______ you here in August.
bring
（3）Remember to _____ your books when you leave.
take
知识点3 division n.分开；分隔；差异；除（法）＊divide v.（使）分开；分配；分隔
（P8）The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky, but soon there was division between night and day.
太阳和月亮看起来就像被抛向了天空,但很快就有了白天和黑夜的区分。
知识拓展
divide... into... 把……分成……
divide...between/among...把……分配给……
be divided by除以； 用……除
经典佳句
The divisions between the various classes of society are not so sharply marked as they used to be.
社会上各阶级的划分不像过去那样明显了。
Our English course is divided into modules on poetry, drama, and novels.
我们的英语课被划分为诗歌、戏剧和小说等单元。
易混辨析
divide和separate的用法辨析：
divide 把整体分成部分,常用搭配为divide...into...
separate 把独立的事物分开,常用搭配为separate...from...
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）There are deep _________（divide） in the country over the war.
divisions
（2）We divided the job _____ five parts, and each man did one part.
into
（3）Eight divided ____ two is four.
by
Ⅱ.用separate、divide的适当形式填空
（4）The mother ________ the cake among her children.
divided
（5）We can ________ the bran（麸皮） from the flour by sifting it.
separate
（6）The teacher ________ our class into four groups.
divided
（7）As we joined the big crowd, I got _________ from my friends.
separated
知识点4 urge v.催促；力劝；大力推荐；极力主张n.强烈的欲望；冲动＊urgent adj.紧急的＊urgency n.紧急；紧急的事
（P8）I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes!
我有一种强烈的冲动,想看那些在我眼前闪现的任意事物。
知识拓展
urge sb to do...催促某人做……
urge that...（should） do...主张……
have an urge to do...有强烈的欲望做……
经典佳句
The vacation is coming and I have an urge to travel.
假期快到了，我有去旅游的冲动。
She urged us to stick to our dream.
她敦促我们坚持我们的梦想。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）There is an ________（urge） need for food and water.
surgent
（2）The ________（urge） of finding a cure attracted some of the best minds in
medical science.
urgency
（3）We urge countries ___________（continue） using this important vaccine.
to continue
Ⅱ.同义句改写
（4）Our teacher urges us to study hard with the exam drawing near.（用urge that...
改写）
→_____________________________________________________________________
Our teacher urges that we （should） tudy hard with the exam drawing near.
知识点5 explode vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破＊explosion n.爆炸；爆破； 突增；猛增
（P9）But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else，we would be forced together and explode like a bomb!
但如果我停下来，同一个空间被别的东西占据，我们就会被迫在一起，像一颗炸弹一样爆炸。
知识拓展
explode into/with sth突然爆发；迸发（感情）
a bomb/gas explosion炸弹/气体爆炸
a population explosion 人口激增
经典佳句
When Wilson heated it, the container exploded
当威尔逊加热容器时，容器爆炸了。
We all exploded into wild laughter.
我们都一下子大笑起来。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The speaker's mistake was so funny that the audience exploded _________ wild
laughter.
into/with
（2）If the gas pipe exploded，the _________ （explode） would do great damage
to the buildings around.
explosion
（3）The boss exploded _____ anger when he heard the objection.
with
短语句式
知识点6 conflict with与……冲突或抵触
（P7）A ROBOT MUST OBEY THE ORDERS GIVEN IT BY HUMAN BEINGS EXCEPT WHERE SUCH ORDERS WOULD CONFLICT WITH THE FIRST LAW.
机器人必须服从人类给它的命令，除非这些命令与第一定律相冲突。
知识拓展
be in conflict with ...与……冲突/与……矛盾
come into conflict with ...与……冲突/与……矛盾
resolve the conflict over ...解决……方面的冲突
conflict of interest（s） 利益（或利害）冲突
经典佳句
She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.
她发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着分歧。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）It is a statement ___ conflict with other evidence.
in
（2）If so, your points of view are bound to conflict _____ his.
with
（3）My interests come _____ conflict with yours.
into
Ⅱ.一句多译
（4）他很谨慎，尽量避免与妻子发生冲突。
→He is so cautious that he tries not to ____________ his wife.
→He is so cautious that he tries not to ______________________ his wife.
→ He is so cautious that he tries not to __________________ his wife.
conflict with
come into conflict with
be in conflict with
知识点7 turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
（P8）Night came as if a lamp was beingturned out，and in another moment came the day.
夜幕降临，仿佛灯灭了，转眼间，白昼到来了。
知识拓展
turn up调高（音量）；出现
turn down调低（音量）；拒绝
turn on打开
turn off关闭
turn to转向；求助于
turn in上交；交还
经典佳句
Remember to turn out the lights when you go to bed.
临睡前记得去关灯。
It didn't turn out like I intended.
这结果与我的本意相悖。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）When Jackie enter the room, please turn ____ the radio, for he is a little deaf.
up
（2）Please turn ___ me for help when you are in trouble.
to
（3）She has turned ______ an invitation to visit that country.
down
知识点8 fall away（逐渐）减少；消失；倾斜
（P8）As my pace grew faster，the walls of the laboratory fell away，and I was left in the open air.
随着我的速度越来越快，实验室的墙壁也随之消失，我被留在了户外。
知识拓展
fall apart解散；分裂；瓦解；（精神）崩溃
fall back后退；倒退
fall behind落后；跟不上
fall down摔倒
经典佳句
Demand began to fall away
需求开始减少。
On either side of the tracks the ground fell away sharply.
跑道两侧都是很陡的斜坡。
融会应用 用fall的相关短语填空
（1）Angie _________ because she had lost everything.
fell apart
（2）He ___________ when we were climbing the mountain.
fell behind
（3）Suddenly the bottle __________ onto the floor and broke into pieces.
fell down
知识点9 强调句式
（P8）It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.
正是在今天十点,第一个时间机器开始运作。
知识拓展
（1）本句为It was...that...强调句式,强调的部分为时间状语at ten o'clock today。
（2）强调句型所强调的部分为除谓语以外的任何成分，其基本结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分”；若被强调的部分是人,则用that或who，否则常用that。
It was his knowledge and humor that made Stephen Hawking one of the most popular scientists.
正是他的学识和幽默使得史蒂芬·霍金成为最受欢迎的科学家之一。
It is the readers who/that breathe life into a newspaper with their letters.
正是读者通过来信给报纸带来了生气。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）It was I myself _________ opened the window.
who/that
（2）It _____（be） at an evening party that I first saw her.
was
（3）It is only ______ one is ill that he realizes the importance of health.
when
（4）It was not until recently _____ scientists knew much about lung cancer.
that
Ⅱ.对句子的不同成分进行强调
All the members held a meeting in the club yesterday.
（5）强调主语all the members:
_______________________________________________________________
It was all the members that/who held a meeting in the club yesterday.
（6）强调宾语a meeting:
___________________________________________________________
It was a meeting that all the members held in the club yesterday.
（7）强调地点状语in the club:
___________________________________________________________
It was in the club that all the members held a meeting yesterday.
（8）强调时间状语yesterday:
___________________________________________________________
It was yesterday that all the members held a meeting in the club.
知识点10 动词-ing形式作状语
（P8）Looking around, I saw my laboratory exactly as before.
我朝四周看了看,看到我的实验室和以前一模一样。
知识拓展
句中的Looking around为动词-ing形式作状语。动词-ing形式作状语的具体用法如下：
（1）动词-ing形式作伴随状语,不可以转换成从句,但可以转换成并列句。
（2）动词-ing形式作原因状语,可以与as、 since、because 等引导的原因状语从句转换。
（3）动词-ing形式作结果状语,可以与so...that...引导的结果状语从句相互转换。
（4）动词-ing形式作时间状语,可以与when或while引导的时间状语从句转换。
（5）动词-ing形式作条件状语,可以与if或unless引导的条件状语从句转换。
（6）动词-ing形式作让步状语,可以与though、although 等引导的让步状语从句转换。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The dancer's incredible performance had the audience _________（clap） for 10
minutes at the end of the show.
clapping
（2）________________（overcome） the difficulties, he finished his task.
Having overcome
（3）Not ______________（study） his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations.
having studied
（4）___________________（clean） thoroughly, the garden looked more beautiful
than ever before.
Having been cleaned
Ⅱ.判断下列句中动词-ing作状语的具体类型
（5）Having finished his homework, he went to school.__________
时间状语
（6）Not knowing what to do, they turned to the teacher for help.__________
原因状语
（7）Studying hard, you will be sure to be successful.__________
条件状语
（8）He sat there, losing himself in deep thought. __________
伴随状语
（9）His father died, leaving him a lot of money.__________
结果状语
科幻故事类记叙文
本单元的写作任务是写一篇科幻故事类记叙文。这类记叙文属于想象性作文，要求创造出从未接触甚至根本不存在的新形象。想象性写作允许自由想象，自主发挥的空间较大, 因此需要灵活的思维和丰富的想象力。科幻故事是用幻想的形式, 表现人类在未来世界的物质、精神文化生活和科学技术远景, 其内容交织着科学事实、预见和想象。 科幻故事的特点是内容丰富、奇特, 并且情节合理。
科幻故事类记叙文写作时应注意：
1.要交代清楚五要素的内容，即where、when、what、who、how；
2.事件可按时间或空间顺序叙述；
3.时态通常用过去时态。
探究点1 教材范例提炼
课文范例
素材积累
Ⅰ.常用短语
1.science fiction films 科幻电影
2.explore the universe 探索宇宙
3.artificial intelligence 人工智能
4.have a household robot 拥有一个家用机器人
5.more and more intelligent machines 越来越多的智能机器
6.the rapid development of information technology 信息技术的飞速发展
7.this highly civilized creature 这种高度文明的生物
8.require continuous diligence and progress 需要不断的努力和进步
9.advanced devices and technology 先进的设备和技术
10.motivate us to reach for more 激励我们去追求更多
Ⅱ.话题句式
1.It is seven o'clock in the morning when I wake up on April 4，2040.
当我在2040年4月4日醒来时，时间是早上7点。
2.Though the scientists never saw the real aliens，I still believe that besides human beings，life must exist in the universe.
虽然科学家们从未见过真正的外星人，但我仍然相信，除了人类之外，宇宙中一定存在着生命。
3.When intelligent machines can do the thinking，will our brains get lazy and regress
当智能机器可以思考时，我们的大脑会变得懒惰和退化吗？
4.I was so puzzled that I couldn't believe what I had seen.
我如此困惑，以至于我无法相信我所看到的。
5.In the future，people may heat their homes with atomic power.
在将来，人们可以用原子能为房屋供暖。
6.In a word， my life will be richer and more colourful.
总之，我的生活会更加丰富多彩。
探究点2 写作应用体验
写作典例
你校英语俱乐部将举办主题为“我的时光机器”的英语故事分享活动。请根据以下要点，发挥自己的想象力，用英语写一篇小故事。要点如下：
1.时光机器的样子与功能；
2.你乘坐时光机器去了哪里，发生了什么，感受如何。
注意：1.词数150左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________
分步推进
Step 1 审题谋篇
体裁 科幻故事类记叙文——我的时光机器
人称 第一、三人称
时态 以一般过去时为主
框架 首段：介绍时光机器的外部形状以及作用
中段：介绍时光机器和我的故事（内容可分为两段）
尾段：对未来的展望
Step 2 要点翻译
1.词汇翻译
（1）_________ 看起来像
look like
（2）________ 通往
lead to
（3）_________ 发出
give out
（4）___________ 经过；经历
go through
（5）_______________ 以快节奏
at a rapid pace
（6）______________________________ 随着高科技的发展
with high technology developing
2.句子翻译
（1）当我睁开眼睛时，我来到了一个全新的漂浮城市。
_________________________________________________________
When I opened my eyes, I arrived in a brand-new floating city.
（2）它坐落在一个人造岛上，几乎完全被植被覆盖着。
___________________________________________________________________________
It was located on a man-made island and was almost entirely covered in vegetation.
（3）在这个城市里，机器人随处可见。
____________________________________________
In this city, robots were easy to see everywhere.
（4）人们在这个城市以快节奏忙碌地工作着。
__________________________________________________
People were working busily at a rapid pace in this city.
（5）我在城市里闲逛了几个小时后，时光机器把我带回了现实。
___________________________________________________________________________
_____________
After I hung around the city for several hours, the time machine transported me back to reality.
Step 3 句式升级
1.用动词-ed形式作状语升级上题中的句（2）
____________________________________________________________________
Located on a man-made island, it was almost entirely covered in vegetation.
2.用定语从句连接上题中的句（3）和句（4）
___________________________________________________________________________
______________
In this city where robots were easy to see everywhere, people were working busily at a rapid pace.
3.用状语从句的省略句式升级上题中的句（5）
___________________________________________________________________________
________________
After hanging around the city for several hours,I was transported back to reality by the time machine.
Step 4 连句成篇
利用以上几个句子,加上恰当的连接词和过渡句,必要时可以改变句式,使之成为一篇连贯的文章。
参考范文
My time machine looks like a crystal ball with two buttons. One can lead to the prehistoric period and the other one can lead to the future.
One day, after I pressed the button to the future, the time machine gave out colourful rays, and carried me into the time tunnel. Overwhelmed with excitement and nervousness, I closed my eyes tightly and held my hands firmly. I wondered what the future city would look like.
When I opened my eyes, I arrived in a brand-new floating city. Located on a man-made island, it was almost entirely covered in vegetation. In the city, many strange carriages, like small planes, were floating above the ground. When I drove to visit the city, I felt like I was going through a beautiful garden. There was a huge tower in the city centre acting both as a work place and housing for its citizens. The city used solar, wind and wave power to keep it functioning and used its large gardens to supply food. In this city where robots were easy to see everywhere, people were working busily at a rapid pace. And AI, of course, became helpful assistants. After hanging around the city for several hours, I was transported back to reality by the time machine.
It sounds a little fancy but in my opinion, with high technology developing, our society will become more and more intelligent.
主题写作
某英文报社正在举行英文幻想故事大赛，请你根据所给故事的开头（不计入总词数），续写一篇80词左右的幻想小故事参赛。
Once upon a time，a young man was walking through a wood when he saw a shining ring lying on the ground.He just stood，wondering and then the ring said，“Young man，a kind girl is trapped by a witch in the castle ahead.If you are brave enough to rescue her，you will gain happiness.Put me on and I will help you.”
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
Once upon a time，a young man was walking through a wood when he saw a
shining ring lying on the ground.He just stood，wondering and then the ring said，
“Young man，a kind girl is trapped by a witch in the castle ahead.If you are brave
enough to rescue her，you will gain happiness.Put me on and I will help you.”
The young man didn't hesitate to put the ring on his finger，surprisingly
discovering that the ring made him disappear，invisible to other people.On
approaching the castle，he once again put on the ring，and entered the castle.He
learned that the girl was never able to move unless someone could destroy the
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
witch's magical stick.With the help of the ring，he found the magical stick in a
golden box，and destroyed it successfully，thus removing the magic spell put on the
girl by the witch.
The young man，together with the girl，defeated the witch，and from then on
they lived a happy life together.
1.It's impossible for her to have more free time to accompany her parents because her company takes up much of her time.
她不可能有更多的空余时间来陪伴她的父母,因为她的公司占据了她很多时间。
2.China still has a great demand for skilled workers, actually. It's time to change the traditional mindset that being a researcher or manager is superior to being a skilled worker.
实际上，中国对技术工人的需求仍然很大。是时候改变做一名研究人员或管理者比做一名技术工人优越这种传统观念了。
3.He is quite sympathetic and he shows great sympathy to those poor children who can't go to school.
他很有同情心,十分同情那些不能上学的可怜孩子。
4.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack between meals.
吃饭时摄入充足的脂肪和盐会减少两餐之间吃零食的欲望。
美篇导读
《绿野仙踪》是美国作家弗兰克·鲍姆的代表作。作者以奇特的想象力描述了一个小女孩因被旋风刮到奥兹国，和她的三个朋友，即狮子、稻草人、铁皮人，团结在一起，共同克服困难，战胜险恶，为了实现自己的愿望，不屈不挠地同恶魔做斗争，最终如愿以偿的故事。
美篇呈现
The Wizard of Oz（Excerpt）
Dorothy lived in the midst of the great Kansas prairies, with
Uncle Henry, who was a farmer, and Aunt Em, who was the
farmer's wife.Their house was small, for the lumber① to build it
had to be carried by wagon many miles.There were four walls, a
floor and a roof, which made one room； this room contained a
rusty② looking cookstove, a cupboard for the dishes, a table, three
or four chairs, and the beds.Uncle Henry and Aunt Em had a big bed in one corner,
and Dorothy a little bed in another corner.
There was no garret at all, and no cellar—except a small hole dug in the ground, called a cyclone cellar, where the family could go in case one of those great whirlwinds③ arose, mighty enough to crush any building in its path.It was reached by a trap door in the middle of the floor, from which a ladder led down into the small, dark hole.
When Dorothy stood in the doorway and looked around, she could see nothing but the great gray prairie on every side.Not a tree nor a house broke the broad sweep of flat country that reached the edge of the sky in all directions④.
The sun had baked the plowed land into a gray mass, with little cracks running through it. Even the grass was not green, for the sun had burned the tops of the long blades until they were the same gray color to be seen everywhere.Once the house had been painted, but the sun blistered the paint and the rains washed it away, and now the house was as dull and gray as everything else.
When Aunt Em came there to live she was a young, pretty wife.The sun and wind had changed her, too.They had taken the sparkle⑤ from her eyes and left them a sober gray； they had taken the red from her cheeks and lips, and they were also gray.She was thin and gaunt, and never smiled now.
When Dorothy, who was an orphan, first came to her, Aunt Em had been so startled⑥ by the child's laughter that she would scream and press her hand upon her heart whenever Dorothy's merry voice reached her ears； she still looked at the little girl with wonder that she could find anything to laugh at.
Uncle Henry never laughed.He worked hard from morning till night and did not know what joy was.He was gray also, from his long beard to his rough boots, and he looked stern and solemn⑦, and rarely spoke.
It was Toto that made Dorothy laugh, and saved her from growing as gray as her other surroundings.Toto was not gray； he was a little black dog, with long silky hair and small black eyes that twinkled⑧ merrily on either side of his funny, wee nose.Toto played all day long, and Dorothy played with him, and loved him dearly.
Today, however, they were not playing.Uncle Henry sat upon the doorstep and looked anxiously at the sky, which was even grayer than usual.Dorothy stood at the door with Toto in her arms, and looked at the sky too.Aunt Em was washing the dishes.
From the far north they heard a low wail of the wind, and Uncle Henry and Dorothy could see where the long grass bowed⑨ in waves before the coming storm.There now came a sharp whistling in the air from the south, and as they turned their eyes that way they saw ripples in the grass coming from that direction too.
Suddenly Uncle Henry stood up.
“There's a cyclone coming, Em，” he called to his wife.“I'll go look after the stock.” Then he ran toward the sheds where the cows and horses were kept.
Aunt Em dropped her work and came to the door.One glance told her of the danger close at hand.
“Quick, Dorothy！” she screamed.“Run for the cellar！”
Toto jumped out of Dorothy's arms and hid under the bed, and the girl started to get him.
Aunt Em, badly frightened, threw open the trap door in the floor and climbed down the ladder into the small, dark hole.Dorothy caught Toto at last and started to follow her aunt.When she was halfway across the room there came a great shriek⑩ from the wind, and the house shook so hard that she lost her footing and sat down suddenly upon the floor.
绿野仙踪（节选）
多萝茜与亨利叔叔（一位农民）、爱姆婶婶（这位农民的妻子）一起生活在堪萨斯州大草原的中部。因为建房子的木材要从很远的地方用货车运过来，所以他们住的房子很小，是由四堵墙、一堂地板和一个屋顶构成的；屋子里有一个看起来生锈的烧饭用的炉灶，一个放着盘子的橱柜，一张桌子，三四把椅子，几张床。亨利叔叔和爱姆婶婶有一张大床，放在角落里，多萝茜有一张小床，放在另外一个角落里。
整个屋子没有阁楼，也没有地下室——只有一个小洞，直通到地下，这洞叫作“旋风的地洞”。在大旋风刮来时，全家人可以躲进里面去，因为凡是旋风经过的地方，不论什么建筑物它都能够吹倒。在地板的中央，有一扇活动的木门，那里有一架梯子，走下去就进入了那又小又黑的地洞里。
多萝茜站在门口，向四周眺望，只看见茫茫的灰色大草原，望不到尽头。在那一片宽阔平坦的原野上没有一棵树，也没有一座房子。那草原从四面八方一直伸展到天边。
太阳炙烤着耕作过的田地，使它变成一片灰色的有许多裂缝的荒野。甚至，原野上的草也不是绿色的，因为太阳灼烧着它们的顶部长叶，使得它们不论从何处看都是灰色的。有一次，屋子已被刷过油漆，但是太阳却把油漆晒起了泡，雨水把它褪尽了，现在这屋子就像其他东西一样暗淡了。
当爱姆婶婶来到那里生活的时候，她是一位年轻而美丽的妻子。太阳和风也使她变了样。它们带走了她眼睛里闪耀的光辉，留下了一种沉重的灰色；她的面颊上和嘴唇上失去了红润，也只剩灰色了。如今她消瘦而且憔悴，不再微笑。
多萝茜是一个孤儿，当她第一次来到爱姆婶婶家时，婶婶惊诧于孩子的笑声，无论何时，多萝茜快活的声音钻到婶婶的耳朵里，婶婶总会尖叫起来，并用手抚着她的心头；她仍带着惊奇，看着这个小女孩——因为她在任何东西上，都能够发现笑料来。
亨利叔叔从不爱笑。他从早到晚在地里干活儿，不知道什么是快乐。从他的长须直到他粗糙的鞋子，也全是灰色的。他看起来稳重而严肃，很少说话。
让多萝茜笑的是托托，在四周一切事物都褪变成灰色的环境中，托托带来了不同的色彩；它是一只小黑狗，有着柔软滑顺的长毛，一对小黑眼睛，在它那逗人的极小的鼻子两边快乐地眨着。多萝茜整天跟它在一块儿玩着，并且越来越喜欢它。
然而，今天他们没有玩。亨利叔叔坐在门口的阶沿上，焦虑地望着比平时更灰的天空。多萝茜抱着托托，站在门口，也望着那天空。爱姆婶婶正在洗着盘子。
他们听到北风低低的呼啸声，亨利叔叔和多萝茜看到风暴到来之前的长草像波浪似的起伏着。接着，现在从南方的高空中也传来了一种尖锐的呼啸声。他们转眼望去，只见在那个方向的草同样掀起了波浪。
亨利叔叔突然站了起来。
“爱姆，旋风就要来了！”他对他的妻子大喊着，“我要去照料家畜。” 说着他就迅速跑向栏舍，他们的牛和马都关在那里。
爱姆婶婶立即停下手上的事来到门口。看了一眼之后，她知道危险马上就要到来了。
“多萝茜，快一点儿！”她高声尖叫着，“立刻到地洞里去！”
托托从多萝茜怀抱里跳下来，钻到床底下去，多萝茜开始去抓它。
爱姆婶婶非常害怕，打开地板上活动的门，爬下梯子，躲到那又小又暗的地洞里去。多萝茜最后捉到了托托，就开始去找她婶婶。当她走到半路时背后就传来呼啸的风声，屋子猛然摇晃起来，她失去了平衡，立刻摔倒在地板上。
知识积累
①lumber n. 木材；废旧家具
②rusty adj. 生锈的
③whirlwind n.旋风
④in all directions 从各个方向；向四面八方
⑤sparkle n. 闪耀的光
⑥startle vt.使惊吓；使吓一跳；使大吃一惊
⑦solemn adj. 庄严的；表情严肃的
⑧twinkle v. 闪烁
⑨bow v.鞠躬；垂（首）；（使）弯曲
⑩shriek n.尖叫
footing n.站稳；立足点
素养链接
由《绿野仙踪》改编的同名电影，是一部经典的儿童影片。全片极富想象力和活力，随处都是神奇有趣的童话角色和欢快的歌舞场面。《绿野仙踪》虽然从特技或音效上都无法和21世纪的一些电影媲美，但是它的温情、真实、感人却给观众留下了难以磨灭的印象。
UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION
Section Ⅲ Using Language
1.了解课文大意；培养略读和查读等阅读能力。（语言能力，学习能力）
2.理解并能够自主运用重要语言点的用法。（语言能力）
3.通过阅读熟悉科幻故事类记叙文的文体特征,并掌握其写作方法及策略。（语言能力，学习能力）
细读课文，明确教材细节
Read the passage on Pages 8-9 and choose the best answers.
1.What makes the Time Traveller think that the Time Machine works ( )
A
A.The change of time on a clock. B.The lab that looks different.
C.The strange feeling in his mind. D.The trick the machine plays on him.
2.Why is the Time Traveller invisible to his niece ( )
B
A.Because he is hidden from her.
B.Because they are not in the same time period.
C.Because there is no lamp in the room.
D.Because he moves like a rocket.
3.How does the Time Traveller feel when travelling through time ( )
D
A.Excited. B.Relaxed. C.Unfortunate. D.Uncomfortable.
4.Why is the Time Traveller worried about stopping the machine ( )
C
A.An accident can happen. B.The machine will turn over.
C.An explosion may take place. D.The machine has no brakes.
核心单词
知识点1 superior adj.更好的；占优势的；（在级别、重要性或职位上）更高的＊superiority n.优越（性）；优势＊inferior adj.次的；较差的；级别低的
（P6）In sci-fi stories，robots often become superior and take over.
在科幻小说中，机器人往往会变得更占优势，并接管一切。
知识拓展
be superior to 胜过；比……好；不屈服于
be superior in sth 在某方面占优势
a sense of superiority 优越感
be inferior to比……差/级别低
经典佳句
This model is technically superior to its competitors.
这一款式在技术上超过了与之竞争的产品。
名师点拨
superior/inferior 用作形容词时，本身含有“比较”的意思，故不再有比较级或最高级形式，用superior/inferior to 表示两事物的比较。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The microwave is vastly superior ___ design ___ all other models.
in
to
（2）The technical __________ （superior） of laser discs over tape is well
established.
superiority
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）Of the two handkerchiefs, I think this one _____________________.
在这两条手帕中，我认为这条比那条好。
is superior to that one
（4）Modern music is often considered ______________ of the past.
现代音乐常被认为不如过去的音乐。
inferior to that
知识点2 fetch vt.（去）拿来； （去）请来
（P8）My niece came in to fetch something, maybe her handkerchief, apparently without seeing me.
我侄女进来拿东西，可能是她的手帕，她显然没看见我。
知识拓展
fetch sb sth替某人去取（拿）……
fetch up偶然来到；意外到达
fetch and carry （for sb）（为某人）打杂;跑腿
经典佳句
The inhabitants have to walk a mile to fetch water.
居民得走一英里路去取水。
易混辨析
fetch、bring和take的用法辨析：
fetch指一往一返，强调目的性，即专门到一个地方把某人或某物带回来；
bring指的是从某处把某人或某物带到或拿到说话者所在的地点，强调方向，而不是方式；
take指从说话人所在处移开至离说话人有一定距离的地方。
融会应用 用fetch、 bring或take填空
（1）I've trained my dog to ______ my slippers.
fetch
（2）Please ask Uncle Tom to ______ you here in August.
bring
（3）Remember to _____ your books when you leave.
take
知识点3 division n.分开；分隔；差异；除（法）＊divide v.（使）分开；分配；分隔
（P8）The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky, but soon there was division between night and day.
太阳和月亮看起来就像被抛向了天空,但很快就有了白天和黑夜的区分。
知识拓展
divide... into... 把……分成……
divide...between/among...把……分配给……
be divided by除以； 用……除
经典佳句
The divisions between the various classes of society are not so sharply marked as they used to be.
社会上各阶级的划分不像过去那样明显了。
Our English course is divided into modules on poetry, drama, and novels.
我们的英语课被划分为诗歌、戏剧和小说等单元。
易混辨析
divide和separate的用法辨析：
divide 把整体分成部分,常用搭配为divide...into...
separate 把独立的事物分开,常用搭配为separate...from...
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）There are deep _________（divide） in the country over the war.
divisions
（2）We divided the job _____ five parts, and each man did one part.
into
（3）Eight divided ____ two is four.
by
Ⅱ.用separate、divide的适当形式填空
（4）The mother ________ the cake among her children.
divided
（5）We can ________ the bran（麸皮） from the flour by sifting it.
separate
（6）The teacher ________ our class into four groups.
divided
（7）As we joined the big crowd, I got _________ from my friends.
separated
知识点4 urge v.催促；力劝；大力推荐；极力主张n.强烈的欲望；冲动＊urgent adj.紧急的＊urgency n.紧急；紧急的事
（P8）I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes!
我有一种强烈的冲动,想看那些在我眼前闪现的任意事物。
知识拓展
urge sb to do...催促某人做……
urge that...（should） do...主张……
have an urge to do...有强烈的欲望做……
经典佳句
The vacation is coming and I have an urge to travel.
假期快到了，我有去旅游的冲动。
She urged us to stick to our dream.
她敦促我们坚持我们的梦想。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）There is an ________（urge） need for food and water.
surgent
（2）The ________（urge） of finding a cure attracted some of the best minds in
medical science.
urgency
（3）We urge countries ___________（continue） using this important vaccine.
to continue
Ⅱ.同义句改写
（4）Our teacher urges us to study hard with the exam drawing near.（用urge that...
改写）
→_____________________________________________________________________
Our teacher urges that we （should） tudy hard with the exam drawing near.
知识点5 explode vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破＊explosion n.爆炸；爆破； 突增；猛增
（P9）But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else，we would be forced together and explode like a bomb!
但如果我停下来，同一个空间被别的东西占据，我们就会被迫在一起，像一颗炸弹一样爆炸。
知识拓展
explode into/with sth突然爆发；迸发（感情）
a bomb/gas explosion炸弹/气体爆炸
a population explosion 人口激增
经典佳句
When Wilson heated it, the container exploded
当威尔逊加热容器时，容器爆炸了。
We all exploded into wild laughter.
我们都一下子大笑起来。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The speaker's mistake was so funny that the audience exploded _________ wild
laughter.
into/with
（2）If the gas pipe exploded，the _________ （explode） would do great damage
to the buildings around.
explosion
（3）The boss exploded _____ anger when he heard the objection.
with
短语句式
知识点6 conflict with与……冲突或抵触
（P7）A ROBOT MUST OBEY THE ORDERS GIVEN IT BY HUMAN BEINGS EXCEPT WHERE SUCH ORDERS WOULD CONFLICT WITH THE FIRST LAW.
机器人必须服从人类给它的命令，除非这些命令与第一定律相冲突。
知识拓展
be in conflict with ...与……冲突/与……矛盾
come into conflict with ...与……冲突/与……矛盾
resolve the conflict over ...解决……方面的冲突
conflict of interest（s） 利益（或利害）冲突
经典佳句
She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career.
她发现自己在将来择业的问题上与父母存在着分歧。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）It is a statement ___ conflict with other evidence.
in
（2）If so, your points of view are bound to conflict _____ his.
with
（3）My interests come _____ conflict with yours.
into
Ⅱ.一句多译
（4）他很谨慎，尽量避免与妻子发生冲突。
→He is so cautious that he tries not to ____________ his wife.
→He is so cautious that he tries not to ______________________ his wife.
→ He is so cautious that he tries not to __________________ his wife.
conflict with
come into conflict with
be in conflict with
知识点7 turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
（P8）Night came as if a lamp was beingturned out，and in another moment came the day.
夜幕降临，仿佛灯灭了，转眼间，白昼到来了。
知识拓展
turn up调高（音量）；出现
turn down调低（音量）；拒绝
turn on打开
turn off关闭
turn to转向；求助于
turn in上交；交还
经典佳句
Remember to turn out the lights when you go to bed.
临睡前记得去关灯。
It didn't turn out like I intended.
这结果与我的本意相悖。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）When Jackie enter the room, please turn ____ the radio, for he is a little deaf.
up
（2）Please turn ___ me for help when you are in trouble.
to
（3）She has turned ______ an invitation to visit that country.
down
知识点8 fall away（逐渐）减少；消失；倾斜
（P8）As my pace grew faster，the walls of the laboratory fell away，and I was left in the open air.
随着我的速度越来越快，实验室的墙壁也随之消失，我被留在了户外。
知识拓展
fall apart解散；分裂；瓦解；（精神）崩溃
fall back后退；倒退
fall behind落后；跟不上
fall down摔倒
经典佳句
Demand began to fall away
需求开始减少。
On either side of the tracks the ground fell away sharply.
跑道两侧都是很陡的斜坡。
融会应用 用fall的相关短语填空
（1）Angie _________ because she had lost everything.
fell apart
（2）He ___________ when we were climbing the mountain.
fell behind
（3）Suddenly the bottle __________ onto the floor and broke into pieces.
fell down
知识点9 强调句式
（P8）It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.
正是在今天十点,第一个时间机器开始运作。
知识拓展
（1）本句为It was...that...强调句式,强调的部分为时间状语at ten o'clock today。
（2）强调句型所强调的部分为除谓语以外的任何成分，其基本结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分”；若被强调的部分是人,则用that或who，否则常用that。
It was his knowledge and humor that made Stephen Hawking one of the most popular scientists.
正是他的学识和幽默使得史蒂芬·霍金成为最受欢迎的科学家之一。
It is the readers who/that breathe life into a newspaper with their letters.
正是读者通过来信给报纸带来了生气。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）It was I myself _________ opened the window.
who/that
（2）It _____（be） at an evening party that I first saw her.
was
（3）It is only ______ one is ill that he realizes the importance of health.
when
（4）It was not until recently _____ scientists knew much about lung cancer.
that
Ⅱ.对句子的不同成分进行强调
All the members held a meeting in the club yesterday.
（5）强调主语all the members:
_______________________________________________________________
It was all the members that/who held a meeting in the club yesterday.
（6）强调宾语a meeting:
___________________________________________________________
It was a meeting that all the members held in the club yesterday.
（7）强调地点状语in the club:
___________________________________________________________
It was in the club that all the members held a meeting yesterday.
（8）强调时间状语yesterday:
___________________________________________________________
It was yesterday that all the members held a meeting in the club.
知识点10 动词-ing形式作状语
（P8）Looking around, I saw my laboratory exactly as before.
我朝四周看了看,看到我的实验室和以前一模一样。
知识拓展
句中的Looking around为动词-ing形式作状语。动词-ing形式作状语的具体用法如下：
（1）动词-ing形式作伴随状语,不可以转换成从句,但可以转换成并列句。
（2）动词-ing形式作原因状语,可以与as、 since、because 等引导的原因状语从句转换。
（3）动词-ing形式作结果状语,可以与so...that...引导的结果状语从句相互转换。
（4）动词-ing形式作时间状语,可以与when或while引导的时间状语从句转换。
（5）动词-ing形式作条件状语,可以与if或unless引导的条件状语从句转换。
（6）动词-ing形式作让步状语,可以与though、although 等引导的让步状语从句转换。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The dancer's incredible performance had the audience _________（clap） for 10
minutes at the end of the show.
clapping
（2）________________（overcome） the difficulties, he finished his task.
Having overcome
（3）Not ______________（study） his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations.
having studied
（4）___________________（clean） thoroughly, the garden looked more beautiful
than ever before.
Having been cleaned
Ⅱ.判断下列句中动词-ing作状语的具体类型
（5）Having finished his homework, he went to school.__________
时间状语
（6）Not knowing what to do, they turned to the teacher for help.__________
原因状语
（7）Studying hard, you will be sure to be successful.__________
条件状语
（8）He sat there, losing himself in deep thought. __________
伴随状语
（9）His father died, leaving him a lot of money.__________
结果状语
科幻故事类记叙文
本单元的写作任务是写一篇科幻故事类记叙文。这类记叙文属于想象性作文，要求创造出从未接触甚至根本不存在的新形象。想象性写作允许自由想象，自主发挥的空间较大, 因此需要灵活的思维和丰富的想象力。科幻故事是用幻想的形式, 表现人类在未来世界的物质、精神文化生活和科学技术远景, 其内容交织着科学事实、预见和想象。 科幻故事的特点是内容丰富、奇特, 并且情节合理。
科幻故事类记叙文写作时应注意：
1.要交代清楚五要素的内容，即where、when、what、who、how；
2.事件可按时间或空间顺序叙述；
3.时态通常用过去时态。
探究点1 教材范例提炼
课文范例
素材积累
Ⅰ.常用短语
1.science fiction films 科幻电影
2.explore the universe 探索宇宙
3.artificial intelligence 人工智能
4.have a household robot 拥有一个家用机器人
5.more and more intelligent machines 越来越多的智能机器
6.the rapid development of information technology 信息技术的飞速发展
7.this highly civilized creature 这种高度文明的生物
8.require continuous diligence and progress 需要不断的努力和进步
9.advanced devices and technology 先进的设备和技术
10.motivate us to reach for more 激励我们去追求更多
Ⅱ.话题句式
1.It is seven o'clock in the morning when I wake up on April 4，2040.
当我在2040年4月4日醒来时，时间是早上7点。
2.Though the scientists never saw the real aliens，I still believe that besides human beings，life must exist in the universe.
虽然科学家们从未见过真正的外星人，但我仍然相信，除了人类之外，宇宙中一定存在着生命。
3.When intelligent machines can do the thinking，will our brains get lazy and regress
当智能机器可以思考时，我们的大脑会变得懒惰和退化吗？
4.I was so puzzled that I couldn't believe what I had seen.
我如此困惑，以至于我无法相信我所看到的。
5.In the future，people may heat their homes with atomic power.
在将来，人们可以用原子能为房屋供暖。
6.In a word， my life will be richer and more colourful.
总之，我的生活会更加丰富多彩。
探究点2 写作应用体验
写作典例
你校英语俱乐部将举办主题为“我的时光机器”的英语故事分享活动。请根据以下要点，发挥自己的想象力，用英语写一篇小故事。要点如下：
1.时光机器的样子与功能；
2.你乘坐时光机器去了哪里，发生了什么，感受如何。
注意：1.词数150左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________
分步推进
Step 1 审题谋篇
体裁 科幻故事类记叙文——我的时光机器
人称 第一、三人称
时态 以一般过去时为主
框架 首段：介绍时光机器的外部形状以及作用
中段：介绍时光机器和我的故事（内容可分为两段）
尾段：对未来的展望
Step 2 要点翻译
1.词汇翻译
（1）_________ 看起来像
look like
（2）________ 通往
lead to
（3）_________ 发出
give out
（4）___________ 经过；经历
go through
（5）_______________ 以快节奏
at a rapid pace
（6）______________________________ 随着高科技的发展
with high technology developing
2.句子翻译
（1）当我睁开眼睛时，我来到了一个全新的漂浮城市。
_________________________________________________________
When I opened my eyes, I arrived in a brand-new floating city.
（2）它坐落在一个人造岛上，几乎完全被植被覆盖着。
___________________________________________________________________________
It was located on a man-made island and was almost entirely covered in vegetation.
（3）在这个城市里，机器人随处可见。
____________________________________________
In this city, robots were easy to see everywhere.
（4）人们在这个城市以快节奏忙碌地工作着。
__________________________________________________
People were working busily at a rapid pace in this city.
（5）我在城市里闲逛了几个小时后，时光机器把我带回了现实。
___________________________________________________________________________
_____________
After I hung around the city for several hours, the time machine transported me back to reality.
Step 3 句式升级
1.用动词-ed形式作状语升级上题中的句（2）
____________________________________________________________________
Located on a man-made island, it was almost entirely covered in vegetation.
2.用定语从句连接上题中的句（3）和句（4）
___________________________________________________________________________
______________
In this city where robots were easy to see everywhere, people were working busily at a rapid pace.
3.用状语从句的省略句式升级上题中的句（5）
___________________________________________________________________________
________________
After hanging around the city for several hours,I was transported back to reality by the time machine.
Step 4 连句成篇
利用以上几个句子,加上恰当的连接词和过渡句,必要时可以改变句式,使之成为一篇连贯的文章。
参考范文
My time machine looks like a crystal ball with two buttons. One can lead to the prehistoric period and the other one can lead to the future.
One day, after I pressed the button to the future, the time machine gave out colourful rays, and carried me into the time tunnel. Overwhelmed with excitement and nervousness, I closed my eyes tightly and held my hands firmly. I wondered what the future city would look like.
When I opened my eyes, I arrived in a brand-new floating city. Located on a man-made island, it was almost entirely covered in vegetation. In the city, many strange carriages, like small planes, were floating above the ground. When I drove to visit the city, I felt like I was going through a beautiful garden. There was a huge tower in the city centre acting both as a work place and housing for its citizens. The city used solar, wind and wave power to keep it functioning and used its large gardens to supply food. In this city where robots were easy to see everywhere, people were working busily at a rapid pace. And AI, of course, became helpful assistants. After hanging around the city for several hours, I was transported back to reality by the time machine.
It sounds a little fancy but in my opinion, with high technology developing, our society will become more and more intelligent.
主题写作
某英文报社正在举行英文幻想故事大赛，请你根据所给故事的开头（不计入总词数），续写一篇80词左右的幻想小故事参赛。
Once upon a time，a young man was walking through a wood when he saw a shining ring lying on the ground.He just stood，wondering and then the ring said，“Young man，a kind girl is trapped by a witch in the castle ahead.If you are brave enough to rescue her，you will gain happiness.Put me on and I will help you.”
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
Once upon a time，a young man was walking through a wood when he saw a
shining ring lying on the ground.He just stood，wondering and then the ring said，
“Young man，a kind girl is trapped by a witch in the castle ahead.If you are brave
enough to rescue her，you will gain happiness.Put me on and I will help you.”
The young man didn't hesitate to put the ring on his finger，surprisingly
discovering that the ring made him disappear，invisible to other people.On
approaching the castle，he once again put on the ring，and entered the castle.He
learned that the girl was never able to move unless someone could destroy the
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
witch's magical stick.With the help of the ring，he found the magical stick in a
golden box，and destroyed it successfully，thus removing the magic spell put on the
girl by the witch.
The young man，together with the girl，defeated the witch，and from then on
they lived a happy life together.
1.It's impossible for her to have more free time to accompany her parents because her company takes up much of her time.
她不可能有更多的空余时间来陪伴她的父母,因为她的公司占据了她很多时间。
2.China still has a great demand for skilled workers, actually. It's time to change the traditional mindset that being a researcher or manager is superior to being a skilled worker.
实际上，中国对技术工人的需求仍然很大。是时候改变做一名研究人员或管理者比做一名技术工人优越这种传统观念了。
3.He is quite sympathetic and he shows great sympathy to those poor children who can't go to school.
他很有同情心,十分同情那些不能上学的可怜孩子。
4.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack between meals.
吃饭时摄入充足的脂肪和盐会减少两餐之间吃零食的欲望。
美篇导读
《绿野仙踪》是美国作家弗兰克·鲍姆的代表作。作者以奇特的想象力描述了一个小女孩因被旋风刮到奥兹国，和她的三个朋友，即狮子、稻草人、铁皮人，团结在一起，共同克服困难，战胜险恶，为了实现自己的愿望，不屈不挠地同恶魔做斗争，最终如愿以偿的故事。
美篇呈现
The Wizard of Oz（Excerpt）
Dorothy lived in the midst of the great Kansas prairies, with
Uncle Henry, who was a farmer, and Aunt Em, who was the
farmer's wife.Their house was small, for the lumber① to build it
had to be carried by wagon many miles.There were four walls, a
floor and a roof, which made one room； this room contained a
rusty② looking cookstove, a cupboard for the dishes, a table, three
or four chairs, and the beds.Uncle Henry and Aunt Em had a big bed in one corner,
and Dorothy a little bed in another corner.
There was no garret at all, and no cellar—except a small hole dug in the ground, called a cyclone cellar, where the family could go in case one of those great whirlwinds③ arose, mighty enough to crush any building in its path.It was reached by a trap door in the middle of the floor, from which a ladder led down into the small, dark hole.
When Dorothy stood in the doorway and looked around, she could see nothing but the great gray prairie on every side.Not a tree nor a house broke the broad sweep of flat country that reached the edge of the sky in all directions④.
The sun had baked the plowed land into a gray mass, with little cracks running through it. Even the grass was not green, for the sun had burned the tops of the long blades until they were the same gray color to be seen everywhere.Once the house had been painted, but the sun blistered the paint and the rains washed it away, and now the house was as dull and gray as everything else.
When Aunt Em came there to live she was a young, pretty wife.The sun and wind had changed her, too.They had taken the sparkle⑤ from her eyes and left them a sober gray； they had taken the red from her cheeks and lips, and they were also gray.She was thin and gaunt, and never smiled now.
When Dorothy, who was an orphan, first came to her, Aunt Em had been so startled⑥ by the child's laughter that she would scream and press her hand upon her heart whenever Dorothy's merry voice reached her ears； she still looked at the little girl with wonder that she could find anything to laugh at.
Uncle Henry never laughed.He worked hard from morning till night and did not know what joy was.He was gray also, from his long beard to his rough boots, and he looked stern and solemn⑦, and rarely spoke.
It was Toto that made Dorothy laugh, and saved her from growing as gray as her other surroundings.Toto was not gray； he was a little black dog, with long silky hair and small black eyes that twinkled⑧ merrily on either side of his funny, wee nose.Toto played all day long, and Dorothy played with him, and loved him dearly.
Today, however, they were not playing.Uncle Henry sat upon the doorstep and looked anxiously at the sky, which was even grayer than usual.Dorothy stood at the door with Toto in her arms, and looked at the sky too.Aunt Em was washing the dishes.
From the far north they heard a low wail of the wind, and Uncle Henry and Dorothy could see where the long grass bowed⑨ in waves before the coming storm.There now came a sharp whistling in the air from the south, and as they turned their eyes that way they saw ripples in the grass coming from that direction too.
Suddenly Uncle Henry stood up.
“There's a cyclone coming, Em，” he called to his wife.“I'll go look after the stock.” Then he ran toward the sheds where the cows and horses were kept.
Aunt Em dropped her work and came to the door.One glance told her of the danger close at hand.
“Quick, Dorothy！” she screamed.“Run for the cellar！”
Toto jumped out of Dorothy's arms and hid under the bed, and the girl started to get him.
Aunt Em, badly frightened, threw open the trap door in the floor and climbed down the ladder into the small, dark hole.Dorothy caught Toto at last and started to follow her aunt.When she was halfway across the room there came a great shriek⑩ from the wind, and the house shook so hard that she lost her footing and sat down suddenly upon the floor.
绿野仙踪（节选）
多萝茜与亨利叔叔（一位农民）、爱姆婶婶（这位农民的妻子）一起生活在堪萨斯州大草原的中部。因为建房子的木材要从很远的地方用货车运过来，所以他们住的房子很小，是由四堵墙、一堂地板和一个屋顶构成的；屋子里有一个看起来生锈的烧饭用的炉灶，一个放着盘子的橱柜，一张桌子，三四把椅子，几张床。亨利叔叔和爱姆婶婶有一张大床，放在角落里，多萝茜有一张小床，放在另外一个角落里。
整个屋子没有阁楼，也没有地下室——只有一个小洞，直通到地下，这洞叫作“旋风的地洞”。在大旋风刮来时，全家人可以躲进里面去，因为凡是旋风经过的地方，不论什么建筑物它都能够吹倒。在地板的中央，有一扇活动的木门，那里有一架梯子，走下去就进入了那又小又黑的地洞里。
多萝茜站在门口，向四周眺望，只看见茫茫的灰色大草原，望不到尽头。在那一片宽阔平坦的原野上没有一棵树，也没有一座房子。那草原从四面八方一直伸展到天边。
太阳炙烤着耕作过的田地，使它变成一片灰色的有许多裂缝的荒野。甚至，原野上的草也不是绿色的，因为太阳灼烧着它们的顶部长叶，使得它们不论从何处看都是灰色的。有一次，屋子已被刷过油漆，但是太阳却把油漆晒起了泡，雨水把它褪尽了，现在这屋子就像其他东西一样暗淡了。
当爱姆婶婶来到那里生活的时候，她是一位年轻而美丽的妻子。太阳和风也使她变了样。它们带走了她眼睛里闪耀的光辉，留下了一种沉重的灰色；她的面颊上和嘴唇上失去了红润，也只剩灰色了。如今她消瘦而且憔悴，不再微笑。
多萝茜是一个孤儿，当她第一次来到爱姆婶婶家时，婶婶惊诧于孩子的笑声，无论何时，多萝茜快活的声音钻到婶婶的耳朵里，婶婶总会尖叫起来，并用手抚着她的心头；她仍带着惊奇，看着这个小女孩——因为她在任何东西上，都能够发现笑料来。
亨利叔叔从不爱笑。他从早到晚在地里干活儿，不知道什么是快乐。从他的长须直到他粗糙的鞋子，也全是灰色的。他看起来稳重而严肃，很少说话。
让多萝茜笑的是托托，在四周一切事物都褪变成灰色的环境中，托托带来了不同的色彩；它是一只小黑狗，有着柔软滑顺的长毛，一对小黑眼睛，在它那逗人的极小的鼻子两边快乐地眨着。多萝茜整天跟它在一块儿玩着，并且越来越喜欢它。
然而，今天他们没有玩。亨利叔叔坐在门口的阶沿上，焦虑地望着比平时更灰的天空。多萝茜抱着托托，站在门口，也望着那天空。爱姆婶婶正在洗着盘子。
他们听到北风低低的呼啸声，亨利叔叔和多萝茜看到风暴到来之前的长草像波浪似的起伏着。接着，现在从南方的高空中也传来了一种尖锐的呼啸声。他们转眼望去，只见在那个方向的草同样掀起了波浪。
亨利叔叔突然站了起来。
“爱姆，旋风就要来了！”他对他的妻子大喊着，“我要去照料家畜。” 说着他就迅速跑向栏舍，他们的牛和马都关在那里。
爱姆婶婶立即停下手上的事来到门口。看了一眼之后，她知道危险马上就要到来了。
“多萝茜，快一点儿！”她高声尖叫着，“立刻到地洞里去！”
托托从多萝茜怀抱里跳下来，钻到床底下去，多萝茜开始去抓它。
爱姆婶婶非常害怕，打开地板上活动的门，爬下梯子，躲到那又小又暗的地洞里去。多萝茜最后捉到了托托，就开始去找她婶婶。当她走到半路时背后就传来呼啸的风声，屋子猛然摇晃起来，她失去了平衡，立刻摔倒在地板上。
知识积累
①lumber n. 木材；废旧家具
②rusty adj. 生锈的
③whirlwind n.旋风
④in all directions 从各个方向；向四面八方
⑤sparkle n. 闪耀的光
⑥startle vt.使惊吓；使吓一跳；使大吃一惊
⑦solemn adj. 庄严的；表情严肃的
⑧twinkle v. 闪烁
⑨bow v.鞠躬；垂（首）；（使）弯曲
⑩shriek n.尖叫
footing n.站稳；立足点
素养链接
由《绿野仙踪》改编的同名电影，是一部经典的儿童影片。全片极富想象力和活力，随处都是神奇有趣的童话角色和欢快的歌舞场面。《绿野仙踪》虽然从特技或音效上都无法和21世纪的一些电影媲美，但是它的温情、真实、感人却给观众留下了难以磨灭的印象。