人教版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 5 Poems Reading and Thinking 学案（含答案）

Unit 5 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
【学习目标】
1.通过阅读课文内容,了解诗歌的不同形式、内容、韵律和节奏, 培养对诗歌的兴趣;弘扬中华优秀传统文化,了解中华传统文化对世界的广泛影响;传承和发扬中华优秀传统文化和培养伟大的民族精神。(文化意识,思维品质)
2.通过分析课文,辨别英文诗歌中的意象、韵律、节奏及修辞手法,对诗人表达的思想情感进行分析和评价。(语言能力)
3.通过分析课文细节,培养略读和查读等阅读能力以及分析长难句的能力。(学习能力)
4.通过阅读教材课文,能够在具体情境中猜测词义,推测词性,了解重要语言点的基本用法。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
Ⅰ.释义匹配
(　　)1.sorrow　　　　(　　)2.rhyme
(　　)3.diamond (　　)4.amateur
(　　)5.mood (　　)6.delicate
(　　)7.revolve (　　)8.blank
(　　)9.deadline (　　)10.polish
A.adj.空白的;无图画(或韵律、装饰)的;没表情的 n.空白;空格
B.n.情绪;心情;语气
C.vt.修改;润色;抛光 n.上光剂;抛光;擦亮
D.n.悲伤;悲痛;伤心事 vi.感到悲伤
E.n.押韵词;押韵的短诗 vi.& vt.(使)押韵
F.n.截止日期;最后期限
G.n.钻石;金刚石;菱形
H.n.业余爱好者 adj.业余的;业余爱好的
I.adj.精美的;精致的;脆弱的
J.vi.旋转;环绕;转动
答案　1~5　DEGHB　6~10　IJAFC
Ⅱ.默写单词
1.　　　　 adj.文学的;爱好文学的;有文学作品特征的
2.　　　　 adj.幼儿教育的 n.托儿所;保育室
3.　　　　 adj.民间的;民俗的;普通百姓的
4.　　　　vi.&vt.取笑(某人);揶揄;逗弄
5.　　　　n.音节
6.　　　　vt.等候;期待;将发生在
7.　　　　vt.出声;说;讲 adj.完全的;十足的;彻底的
8.　　　　n.偏见;成见 vt.使怀有(或形成)偏见
9.　　　　adj.复杂的;难懂的
10.　　　　 vt.&vi.播种;种
答案　1.literary　2.nursery　3.folk　4.tease
5.syllable　6.await　7.utter　8.prejudice　9.complicated 10.sow
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1.　　　　 n.悲伤;悲痛;伤心事 vi.感到悲伤→　　　　 adj.悲伤的;悲痛的;悲哀的
2.　　　　 n.形象;印象;意象→　　　　 n.形象的描述;意象;像
3.　　　　 adj.文学的;爱好文学的;有文学作品特征的→　　　　 n.文学;文学作品
4.　　　　vt.背诵;吟诵;列举→　　　　n.背诵;朗诵
5.　　　　 n.情绪;心情;语气→　　　　 adj.情绪多变的;喜怒无常的
6.　　　　 adj.分别的;各自的→　　　　 adv.分别;各自;依次为
7.　　　　 n.同情;赞同→　　　　 adj.同情的;有同情心的;赞同的
8.　　　　 v.变化;变更→　　　　 n.变化;变体;变奏曲
答案　1.sorrow;sorrowful　2.image;imagery
3.literary;literature　4.recite;recitation　5.mood;moody　6.respective; respectively　7.sympathy;
sympathetic　8.vary; variation
构词规律
v.+ation→n. n.+-y→adj.
recite→recitation 背诵;朗诵 consider→consideration 考虑 imagine→imagination 想象;想象力 simplify→simplification 简单化;单纯化 mood→moody 情绪多变的;喜怒无常的 guilt→guilty 有罪的 health→healthy 健康的 sleep→sleepy 瞌睡的;困乏的
Step 2 短语记诵
1.　　　　　　　　受……欢迎
2.　　　　　　　　由……组成(构成)
3.　　　　　　　　有意义;讲得通
4.　　　　　　　　表达自己的意思
5.to the point 　　　　　　　
6.be translated into　　　　　　　
7.nursery rhyme 　　　　　　　
8.give it a try　　　　　　　
答案　1.be popular with　2.be made up of
3.make sense　4.express oneself　5.简明扼要;简洁中肯　6.被翻译成　7.童谣;儿歌　8.试一试
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.There are various reasons why people compose poetry.(why引导定语从句)
翻译 人们写诗有着各种各样的理由。
仿写 Can you tell me the reason 　　　　　　　　　　　　
你可以告诉我你为什么如此开心吗
2.With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, you may eventually want to write poems of your own.(with的复合结构)
翻译 有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供选择,你最终也许想自己写诗。
仿写 　　　　　　　　　　　　, he wasn't allowed to go out.
由于还有很多工作要做,他不被允许外出。
答案　1.why you are so happy　2.With a lot of work to do
【合作探究】
语篇研读
Step 1　先导入,拓展背景知识
Ⅰ.Can you list some famous Chinese poets
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答案　Li Bai; Du Fu; Bai Juyi;Wang Wei; He Zhizhang; Su Shi; Meng Haoran...
Ⅱ.Why do you think people write poems
_______________________________________________________________________________
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答案　People write poems to play with words, to describe impressive scenes, to make others laugh, to recall an enjoyable or unpleasant incident, to express a point of view, to honor an important person, to create images for the readers, to convey certain feelings, to encourage people.
Ⅲ.Try to translate the following poems and find the poets by surfing the Internet.
1.If winter comes, can spring be far behind
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2.From a wine pot amidst the flowers,I drink alone without partners.To invite the moon I raise my cup.We're three,as my shadow shows up.
_______________________________________________________________________________
3.I look for her in vain. When all at once I turn my head,I find her there where lantern light is dimly shed.
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案
1.冬天来了,春天还会远吗 ——珀西·比希·雪莱
2.花间一壶酒,独酌无相亲。举杯邀明月,对影成三人。——李白
3.众里寻他千百度,蓦然回首,那人却在,灯火阑珊处。——辛弃疾
Step 2　再精读,明确概要细节
Ⅰ.Read the passage on Pages 50-51 and then sum up the main idea of each paragraph.
(　　)1.Para.1　　　　　(　　)2.Para.2
(　　)3.Para.3 (　　)4.Para.4
(　　)5.Para.5 (　　)6.Para.6
(　　)7.Para.7
A.Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry.
B.One may choose from different forms of poetry to write poems of his own.
C.A young child learns English nursery rhymes first.
D.Another simple form of poem is the cinquain.
E.One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”.
F.There are various reasons for composing poetry.
G.English speakers also enjoy poems from China.
答案　1~7　FCEDAGB
Ⅱ.Read the passage on Pages 50-51 carefully and then answer the following questions.
1.What will the baby's father buy if the mockingbird can't sing in Poem A
A.A billy-goat.　　　　B.A diamond ring.
C.A looking glass. D.A computer.
2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Poem B
A.Stars in the pretty sky.
B.Shells on the shore.
C.Birds and bees.
D.Happy kids on the grass.
3.What kind of poem does Poem D belong to
A.Nursery rhymes. B.List poems.
C.Haiku. D.Cinquain.
4.How many syllables are there in a Haiku poem
A.5.　　　B.7.　　　C.17.　　　D.70.
答案　1~4　BDDC
Step 3　后结构,分析语篇逻辑
Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks with proper words according to the passage on Pages 50-51.
A FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF ENGLISH POEMS
Types of poems Characteristics
Nursery rhymes Have a strong 1.　　　　 . 2.　　　　 the same words.Easy to learn and recite.
3.　　　 Have a 4.　　　　 line length and repeated phrases.Some 5.　　　　while others do not.
Cinquain Easy to write.Made up of 6.　　　　 lines.Convey a strong picture or a certain 7.　　　　 .
8.　　　 A 9.　　　　form of poetry.Consist of 17 10.　　　　.Easy to write.Give a clear picture.Create a special feeling using very few words.
Tang poems Descriptive and vivid.
答案　1.rhythm　2.Repeat　3.List poems
4.flexible　5.rhyme　6.five　7.mood　8.Haiku　9.Japanese　10.syllables
Ⅱ.Discussion.
1.What is the story that poem F tells
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答案　A woman's husband has gone away. The woman waits for him by the river, where she last saw him. She waits and waits, never moving from that spot and never speaking, while the river continues to flow and the wind and rain come and go.
2.What kind of feelings may the woman have in poem F
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案　She may have feelings of loneliness, sorrow, love and trust.
Ⅲ.长难句分析
Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain,which is made up of five lines.
善分析 该句为复合句。主句是(1)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　;that引导定语从句,修饰(2)　　　　　;which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰(3)　　　　　　　　。
会翻译 (4)
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答案　(1)Another simple form of poem is the cinquain
(2)poem　(3)the cinquain　(4)另外一种业余爱好者容易写的简体诗是五行诗,它由五个诗行组成。
新知探究
核心素养
　　兰斯顿·休斯
兰斯顿·休斯(Langston Hughes)在美国文坛,尤其是黑人文学方面,是一个举足轻重的人物。他写过小说、戏剧、散文、历史、传记等各种文体的作品,还把西班牙文和法文的诗歌翻译成英文,甚至编辑过其他黑人作家的文选。但他主要以诗歌著称,被誉为“黑人民族的桂冠诗人”。
20世纪60年代黑人领袖马丁·路德·金那篇流传至今、脍炙人口的《我有一个梦想》跟休斯的关于“梦想”的诗歌有直接的联系。他在1926年发表在《民族》杂志上的《黑人艺术家与种族大山》中宣称:“我们这些正在从事创作的年轻黑人文艺家抱定宗旨要既不畏惧也不羞愧地表现各自的黑皮肤的自我。如果白人喜欢,我们很高兴;如果他们不喜欢也没有关系。如果黑人喜欢,我们很高兴;如果他们不喜欢,他们的不悦也没有任何关系……”。这篇文学宣言激励了无数黑人文学家,也确立了他在哈莱姆文艺复兴运动中的领袖地位。
解析教材
A FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF ENGLISH POEMS
There are various reasons why people compose poetry.(1) Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the reader's mind.Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow.The distinctive characteristics of poetry often include economical use of words, descriptive and vivid language, integrated imagery, literary devices such as similes and metaphors, and arrangement of words, lines, rhymes, and rhythm.Poets use many different forms of poetry to express themselves.Now we will look at a few of the simpler forms.
英文诗歌的一些简易形式
人们写诗有着各种各样的理由。有些诗是为了叙事,或者描述读者脑海中的某个形象。而有些诗试图传达某种感情,比如喜悦和悲伤。诗歌的显著特点通常包括:用词简洁;语言描述生动、形象;具备整合的意象;使用明喻和隐喻等文学手法;词、行、韵律和节奏编排有序。诗人使用许多不同形式的诗来表达自己的情感。现在我们来看看几种形式比较简单的(诗歌)形式。
【助读点拨】
(1)句中关系副词why引导定语从句,修饰先行词various reasons。
　　Some of the first poems a young child learns in English(2) are nursery rhymes.They are usually the traditional poems or folk songs.The language of these rhymes, like Poem A, is to the point but has a storyline.Many children enjoy nursery rhymes because they rhyme, have a strong rhythm, and often repeat the same words.The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite.(3) By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language.
　　小孩子最早学习的英文诗中有一些是童谣。它们通常是传统的诗歌或民歌。这些童谣(如诗歌A)的语言简单明了,但带有故事情节。许多孩子喜欢童谣,因为它们押韵,节奏感强,并且经常有重复的单词。这些诗可能没有意义,甚至(有的)看起来自相矛盾,但是它们容易学,也容易背诵。通过童谣中的文字游戏,孩子们学习了语言。
【助读点拨】
(2)此处为省略了关系代词that的定语从句,修饰先行词Some of the first poems,关系代词在从句中作宾语。
(3)本句是由but连接的并列句。but后的分句属于“主语+be+adj.(+for sb)+动词不定式”句型,其中动词不定式是主动形式表示被动意义。
A
Hush, little baby, don't say a word,
Papa's gonna buy you a mockingbird.
If that mockingbird won't sing,
Papa's gonna buy you a diamond ring.
If that diamond ring turns to brass,
Papa's gonna buy you a looking glass.
If that looking glass gets broke,
Papa's gonna buy you a billy goat.
If that billy goat won't pull,
Papa's gonna buy you a cart and bull.
诗歌A
嘘,小宝贝,别说话,
爸爸给你买只知更鸟。
知更鸟,不会唱,
爸爸给你买个钻石戒。
钻石戒,变成铜,
爸爸给你买个小镜子。
小镜子,打破了,
爸爸给你买只公山羊。
公山羊,变老了,
爸爸给你买个牛拉车。
　　One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”, which contains a list of things, people, ideas, or descriptions that develop a particular theme(4). List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem(5).Some rhyme (like B and C), while others do not.
　　“清单诗”是诗歌中最简单的一种,它包含一系列发展特定主题的事物、人物、想法或描述。清单诗可长可短,可以重复一些短语,较为灵活,形成固定句型和诗的节奏。有些清单诗有韵脚(如诗歌B和诗歌C),但有一些没有。
【助读点拨】
(4)此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the “list poem”;该定语从句中又包含一个由that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词a list of things,people,ideas,or descriptions。
(5)此处为关系代词which引导的定语从句,修饰先行词a flexible line length and repeated phrases。
B
Only One Mother
Hundreds of stars in the pretty sky,
Hundreds of shells on the shore together,
Hundreds of birds that go singing by,
Hundreds of lambs in the sunny weather,
Hundreds of dewdrops to greet the dawn,
Hundreds of bees in the purple clover,
Hundreds of butterflies on the lawn,
But only one mother the wide world over.
George Cooper
C
LIFE
Life can be good,
Life can be bad,
Life is mostly cheerful,
but sometimes sad
Life can be dreams,
Life can be great thoughts
Life can mean a person,
Sitting in court.
诗歌B
母亲是唯一
天空夜星如织,
海滨贝壳满地,
鸟群鸣唱飞过,
羔羊沐浴阳光,
朝露迎接黎明,
无数蜜蜂成群,
草丛蝴蝶争艳,
但世界浩瀚,
母亲却是唯一。
乔治·库柏
诗歌C
生活
生活可能美满,
生活可能悲伤,
生活常常充满欢乐,
但有时令人沮丧。
生活可能是一场场梦,
生活可能是智慧结晶。
生活可能将一个人送上被告法庭。
　　Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain, which is made up of five lines.With these, you can convey a strong picture or a certain mood in just a few words.Look at the example (D).
　　另外一种业余爱好者容易写的简体诗是五行诗,它由五个诗行组成。通过五行诗,你可以只用几句话描绘一幅动人的画面或表达一种特定的情绪。请看例子(D)。
D
Brother
Beautiful, athletic
Teasing, shouting, laughing
Friend and enemy too
Mine
诗歌D
兄弟
爱美,又爱运动
爱闹,爱叫,又爱笑
是我的朋友
也是我的敌人
　　Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17 syllables.It has a format of three lines, containing 5, 7, and 5 syllables respectively(6).It is not a traditional form of English poetry, but is very popular with English writers.It is easy to write and, like the cinquain, can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using very few words(7).The haiku poem (E) on the right is a translation from Japanese, which shows a moment in the life of a delicate butterfly.
【助读点拨】
(6)此处为动词-ing形式作伴随状语。
(7)此处为动词-ing形式作方式状语。
E
A fallen blossom
Is coming back to the branch.
Look, a butterfly!
　　俳句诗是一种日本的诗歌形式,由17个音节组成。它是三行格式,分别包含5个、7个和5个音节。它不是英文诗的传统形式,但是深受英文作者的喜爱。它容易写,而且像五行诗一样,可以用很少的词呈现出一幅清晰的画面,表达出一种特殊的感情。右边的俳句诗(E)就是由日文翻译过来的,展示了一只美丽娇小的蝴蝶的生命中的一个瞬间。
诗歌E
落下的花朵
回到了树枝上。
瞧啊,是只蝴蝶!

　　English speakers also enjoy poems from China, those from the Tang Dynasty in particular.A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English, such as this one (F).
F
Where she awaits her husband
On and on the river flows.
Never looking back,
Transformed into stone.
Day by day upon the mountain top,
wind and rain revolve.
Should the traveller return,
this stone would utter speech.
Wang Jian
With so many different forms of poetry to choose from (8), you may eventually want to write poems of your own. Give it a try!
【助读点拨】
(8)此处为with的复合结构,其中动词不定式短语to choose from作宾语补足语且表示被动意义。
　　说英语的人也喜欢中国的诗,尤其是唐朝的诗。许多唐诗被翻译成英文,比如这一首诗(F)。
诗歌F
望夫处,江悠悠,
化为石,不回头。
山头日日风复雨,
行人归来石应语。
——王建
有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供选择,你最终也许想自己写诗。试一试吧!
核 心 单 词
知识点1　sorrow n.悲伤;悲痛;伤心事 vi.感到悲伤 *sorrowful adj.悲伤的
(P50)Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow.
而有的诗歌试图传达某种感情,比如喜悦和悲伤。
知识拓展
to one's sorrow 让某人悲伤的是
express sorrow at/for sth 对某事表现出悲伤
经典佳句
He expressed his sorrow at the news of her death.
听到她的死讯,他表达了他的悲伤之情。
To his sorrow,none of them were in favor of him.
让他悲伤的是,他们中没有人支持他。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The people present at the meeting sorrowed 　　　　his death.
(2)As a matter of fact,he daren't look up to see her 　　　　(sorrow) eyes.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)The country lowered its flag to half-mast 　　　　　　　　　　　　who died in the earthquake.
该国降半旗以表达对地震死难者的悲痛。
答案　(1)at/for　(2) sorrowful 　(3)to express sorrow for people
知识点2　arrangement n.安排;布置;筹备 *arrange v.安排;筹备;整理;布置;排列
(P50)...and arrangement of words, lines, rhymes,and rhythm.
……词、行、韵律和节奏编排有序。
知识拓展
make arrangements (for...) (为……)做安排
arrange sth for sb 为某人安排某事
arrange for sth 安排/筹备某物
arrange for sb to do sth 安排某人做某事
经典佳句
They are making arrangements for the party.
他们在为派对做准备。
The staff will be happy to help arrange for you to swim, sail, or water-ski.
工作人员会很乐意为您安排游泳、航行或滑水运动。
名师点拨
表示“安排某人做某事”不能用arrange sb to do sth,而应用arrange for sb to do sth,此时的arrange为不及物动词。
融会应用　单句填空
(1)That accident totally upset our 　　　　(arrange) and caused a lot of problems.
(2)These books 　　　　(arrange) according to the subjects.
(3)The manager will arrange 　　　　you to visit the big company next week.
答案　(1)arrangements　(2)are arranged　(3)for
知识点3　mood n.心情;情绪 *moody adj.喜怒无常的;脾气坏的
(P51)With these, you can convey a strong picture or a certain mood in just a few words.
通过五行诗, 你可以只用几句话描绘一幅动人的画面或表达一种特定的情绪。
知识拓展
in a good/bad mood 心情好/不好
in the/no mood for (doing) sth/to do sth 有/没有心情做某事
经典佳句
Helen is always optimistic and looks in a good mood.
海伦总是很乐观,看起来心情很好。
Moody people are very difficult to deal with.
很难和喜怒无常的人打交道。
融会应用　单句写作
(1)We are just 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　tonight.
我们只是想好好吃一顿。
(2)He was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to visitors.
他当时没心情以礼待客。
答案　(1)in the mood for a good meal　(2)in no mood for being polite
知识点4　tease vt.&vi.取笑(某人);揶揄;逗弄
(牛津词典)Don't get upset—I was only teasing.
别不高兴,我只是在逗你玩。
知识拓展
tease the dog 逗狗玩
tease out 梳理
tease into 强求
图解释义
The pretty fox is teasing the Tibetan fox about its square face.
这只漂亮的狐狸正在嘲笑藏狐的方脸。
名师点拨
表示“取笑某人”的其他表达还有:
laugh at sb
make fun of sb
play a joke/jokes on sb
play a trick/tricks on sb
融会应用　单句填空
(1)The teacher helped them tease 　　　　the meaning of the poem.
(2)She teased her mother into 　　　　(give) her some money.
(3)Fed up with 　　　　(tease) about his baldness,Tom decided to revenge those who played tricks on him.
答案　(1)out　(2)giving　(3)being teased
知识点5　consist v.由……组成;由……构成;存在于 *consistent adj.始终如一的;一贯的;一致的;吻合的
(P51)Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17 syllables.
俳句诗是一种日本的诗歌形式,由17个音节组成。
知识拓展
consist of 由……组成
consist in(=lie in) 在于……;存在于……
consist with (=agree with) 和……一致
be consistent with 与……一致;符合
经典佳句
Listening is thus an active,not a passive,behavior consisting of hearing,understanding and remembering.
因此,倾听是一种主动而非被动的行为,包括听、理解和记忆。
The beauty of the city consists in its magnificent buildings.
这座城市的美就在于它那些宏伟的建筑。
名师点拨
表示“由……组成”的短语除了consist of,还有be made up of、be composed of,其中consist of不用于被动语态和进行时。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)His words don't consist 　　　　facts.
(2)The result is 　　　　(consist) with previous findings.
(3)Their diet consisted largely 　　　　vegetables.
Ⅱ.同义句转换
(4)This club consists of eight members.
→This club 　　　　　　　　eight members.
答案　(1)with　(2)consistent　(3)of　(4)is made up of/is composed of
知识点6　contain vt.包含;容纳;克制;抑制(感情);防止……蔓延 *container n.容器
(P51)It has a format of three lines, containing 5, 7, and 5 syllables respectively.
它是三行格式,分别包含5个、7个和5个音节。
知识拓展
contain oneself 克制自己;自制
contain an epidemic 防止流行病的蔓延
经典佳句
This chapter contains the real meat of the writer's argument.
这一章包含了作者的主要论点。
She was unable to contain her excitement.
她无法抑制内心的激动。
易混辨析
contain和include的用法区别:
contain ·强调容量,表示所包含之物的全部或部分 ·表示某物质含有某种成分或其他物质 ·表示某种容器容纳、装有某物
include ·强调范围,表示所包含之物中的一部分 ·用于指整体包括多少个体或把……算入 ·including+n./pron.或n./pron.+included作状语
融会应用
Ⅰ.用contain的适当形式填空
(1)Be especially careful of the information 　　　　in advertisements.
(2)He was too excited 　　　　himself when the 　　　　was to be opened.
Ⅱ.用contain/include的适当形式填空
(3)The box 　　　　a number of letters,　　　　 those from her admirers and of course his letters 　　　　as well.
答案　(1)contained　(2)to contain;container
(3)contains;including;included
短 语 句 式
知识点7　to the point 简明扼要;简洁中肯
(P50)The language of these rhymes, like Poem A, is to the point but has a storyline.
这些童谣(如诗歌A)的语言简单明了,但带有故事情节。
知识拓展
from my point of view 在我看来
at one point 一度;在某一时刻;在某处
come straight to the point 直奔主题
beside/off the point 离题的;不切正题
at/on the point of 就要……的时候;接近;靠近
be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……这时……
There's no point in doing sth.做某事没有意义。
经典佳句
Your comment on the film should be to the point. There is no point in repeating useless speech which is off the point.
你对这部电影的评论应该切中要害。重复离题的无用言论是没有意义的。
融会应用　单句写作
(1)　　　　　　　　　　, it's not wise to spend much time playing with smartphones.
在我看来,花太多时间玩智能手机是不明智的。
(2)The thief was　　　　　　　　　　putting his hand into the lady's handbag when the bus suddenly stopped.
小偷正要把手伸进那位女士的手提包时,公共汽车突然停了下来。
(3)　　　　　　　　　　I thought she was going to refuse, but in the end she agreed.
我一度以为她会拒绝,但最后她同意了。
(4)The questions he raised during the discussion were all very much 　　　　　　　　　　.
他在讨论中提出的问题都非常中肯。
答案　(1)From my point of view　(2)on the point of 　(3)At one point　(4)to the point
知识点8　make sense 讲得通;有意义
(P50)The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite.
这些诗可能没有意义,甚至(有的)看起来自相矛盾,但是它们容易学,也容易背诵。
知识拓展
make sense of 弄懂……的意思;理解
make no sense 没有道理;毫无意义
in a sense 在某种意义上
in no sense 决不(位于句首时,句子要部分倒装)
There's no/little sense in doing sth. 做某事是没有什么意义的。
经典佳句
In a sense,each citizen should try his best to protect their mother country.In no sense should we betray our country.We should make sense of what patriotism is to us.
从某种意义上说,每个公民都应该尽最大努力保护自己的祖国。我们决不应该背叛我们的国家。我们应该弄清楚爱国主义对我们来说是什么。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)　　　　 makes sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control.
(2)There is no sense in 　　　　(force) yourself to get what you don't want.
(3)It is necessary to explain your theory at length, otherwise the audience won't make sense　　　　what you are trying to get across.
(4)What you said is true in 　　　　sense.
Ⅱ.句式升级
(5)I in no sense agree with this suggestion.
→　(倒装句)
答案　(1)It　(2)forcing　(3)of　(4)a　(5)In no sense do I agree with this suggestion.
知识点9　be made up of由……构成/组成
(P51)Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain, which is made up of five lines.
另外一种业余爱好者容易写的简体诗是五行诗,它由五个诗行组成。
知识拓展
make up 编造;组成;化妆;和好;整理
make up for 弥补;补偿
make out 辨认出;弄清;理解
经典佳句
The medical team assisting Shanghai is made up of 26 doctors and 122 nurses.
这支援助上海的医疗队由26名医生和122名护士组成。
No matter what substance it may be, it is made up of atoms.
不管这是什么物质,它都是由原子组成的。
融会应用
Ⅰ.写出下列句中make up的含义
(1)Peasants make up over 80 percent of the population in that developing country. 　　　
(2)She spent an hour making up before the party to look more attractive. 　　　
(3)When she was asked why she was late, she made up an excuse. 　　　
(4)Leave this notice hanging on your door and ask the servant to make up your room. 　　　
(5)The two girls finally made up after two months' time without even a single word. 　　　
Ⅱ.单句写作
(6)The writing process 　　　　　　　　　　　, and each stage involves certain activities.
写作的过程由四个阶段组成,每个阶段都包含一定的活动。
(7)We're working fast to try and 　.
我们正加紧工作以争取补偿失去的时间。
答案　(1)组成　(2)化妆　(3)编造　(4)整理　(5)和好　(6)is made up of four stages　(7)make up for lost time
知识点10　why引导定语从句
(P50)There are various reasons why people compose poetry.
人们写诗有着各种各样的理由。
知识拓展
句中的why people compose poetry是why引导的定语从句,修饰先行词various reasons。
reason常见的其他句式:
the reason for (doing) sth...is/was that...
the reason that/ which/ why/ for which+从句+is/ was that...
名师点拨
the reason后是用why或for which还是用that或which,取决于其在从句中所充当的句子成分。从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语时用that 或which,缺少状语时用why或for which。
融会应用　单句填空
(1)The real reason 　　　　prices were and still are too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.
(2)The reason 　　　　I explained for three days' leave was that my sick mother needed my care.
(3)The reason 　　　　he failed the English exam was that he didn't study hard.
答案　(1)why　(2)which/that/不填　(3)why
知识点11　“主语+be+adj.+to do”句型
(P50)The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory,but they are easy to learn and recite.
这些诗可能没有意义,甚至(有的)看起来自相矛盾,但是它们容易学,也容易背诵。
知识拓展
句中的they are easy to learn and recite是“主语+be+adj.+to do”句型。该句型中动词不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,但动词不定式用主动形式表达被动意义。
(1)用于“主语+be+adj.+to do”句型中的形容词有easy、hard、difficult、comfortable、interesting、pleasant、safe、dangerous、impossible等,说明的是动词不定式的性质。
(2)在“主语+be+adj.+to do”句型中,动词不定式中的动词若是不及物动词,其后要加上相应的介词。
My new teacher and classmates are all easy to get along with.
我的新老师和新同学都容易相处。
Tom was easy to talk to.
汤姆是一个很容易与之交谈的人。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The picture is pleasant to look 　　　　.
(2)The mountain is challenging 　　　　(climb).
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)He lent his new pen to me,which 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
他把他的新钢笔借给我,这支钢笔很好写。
(4)The new bridge 　　　　　　　　　　in such a short time.
这座新大桥很难在这么短的时间内完工。
答案　(1)at　(2)to climb　(3)is easy to write with
(4)is hard to complete
知识点12　with的复合结构
(P51)With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, you may eventually want to write poems of your own.
有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供选择,你最终也许想自己写诗。
知识拓展
句中的With so many different forms of poetry to choose from是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构。
with的复合结构在句中常作状语,表示时间、原因、伴随等。主要结构如下:
with+宾语+doing (doing表示主动或正在进行)
with+宾语+done (done表示被动或完成)
with+宾语+to do (to do表示将来,有时用主动形式表示被动意义)
with+宾语+adj./ adv.(adj./ adv.表示状态)
with+宾语+介词短语
融会应用　单句填空
(1)With so many teams 　　　　(take) part in the competition,we should make full preparations in advance.
(2)With several problems 　　　　(remain) to be solved,we still need to hold another meeting as soon as possible.
(3)With a guide 　　　　(show) us around the scenic spots,we're sure to have a good time tomorrow.
(4)With more and more forests 　　　　(damage),some animals and plants are facing the danger of dying out.
答案　(1)to take　(2)remaining　(3)to show (4)damaged
2