(共42张PPT)
单元词汇详解
选择性必修一
Unit 4 Exploring poetry
Part 1
讲义留存
1. *barren / b r n/ adj. 贫瘠的,不毛的;不结果实的 (43)
a barren desert 不毛的沙漠
2. frozen / fr zn/ adj. 结冰的,冰封的;冷冻的;冻僵的 (43)
freeze v. (froze, frozen)
freezing adj. 极冷的 n. 冰点
be frozen with/in shock/fear 惊呆;吓呆
她惊呆了,直瞪着他。(形容词做状语)
She stared at him, frozen with shock.
3. imply / m pla / vt. 含有…的意思,暗示,暗指 (44)
implication n. 可能的影响(或作用、结果);含意,暗指;牵连,涉及
例1:The survey implies (that) more people are moving house than thought.
调查显示,准备搬家的人口比想象的要多。
例2:The project implies an enormous investment in training.
这个项目需要在培训方面做巨大的投资。
4. dimension /da men n/ n. 方面,侧面;规模,程度;维 (44)
time dimension 时间维度
a problem of considerable dimensions 一个涉及面相当广的问题
例1:The maple trees turn brilliant red in autumn, adding another dimension to the colors in the harvest season.
枫叶在秋天变成了鲜红的颜色,为丰收的季节增添了另一抹色彩。
例2:她的工作为她的生活增添了新的内容。
Her job added a new dimension to her life.
5. grasp /ɡrɑ sp/ n.vt. 抓紧;领会,理解
have a grasp of ...理解;领会
within/beyond one’s grasp/reach 能/不能理解
grasp a chance/an opportunity 抓住机会
6. detect /d tekt/ vt. 发现,查明,侦察出(44)
detection n.
detective n. 侦探adj. 刑侦的
detector n. 检测器;发现者
7. rhyme /ra m/ n.v. 押韵
rhyme with 与…押韵;与…相谐音
例1:我紧抓着他,可他还是从我手里溜掉了。I g______ him, but he s______ from my g______.
例2:他热情地抓住我的手握了起来。
He grasped my hand and shook it warmly.
例2:他德语语法掌握得很好。He has ______ good grasp of German grammar.
例3:这些复杂的公式是一般小学生不能理解的。These complex formulae are _______ the grasp of the average pupil.
例5:他们没有理解他的话的重要性。
They failed to grasp the importance of his words.
8. complex / k mpleks/ adj. 复杂的,难懂的 n. 建筑群;复合体;情结
complexity n.
9. contradictory / k ntr d kt ri/ adj. 相互矛盾的,对立的 (45)
contradict v. 反驳;矛盾
contradiction n.
例:No computer can imitate the complex functions of the human brain.
任何计算机都无法模拟人脑的复杂功能。
10. dig up 发现,搜集,查明 (45)
11. clue /klu / n. 线索,提示;迹象(45)
例1:An old Roman vase was dug up here last month.
上个月在此地出土了一个古罗马花瓶。
例2:The police think the videotape may hold some vital clues to the identity of the killer.
警方认为那盘录像带可能录有能确认凶手身份的一些重要线索。
12. cage /ke d / vt. 把(动物)关在笼中 n. 笼子 (45)
13. *trill /tr l/ n.(鸟的)啼啭;颤音 vt. 欢快地高声说 vi. 发颤音 (45)
14. interpret / n t pr t/ vt. 解释,阐释; vi. 口译 (45)
interpretation n. 解释,理解;表演,演奏,艺术处理;口译
interpreter n. 口译者,译员;演奏者,表演者;解释程序
15. patience / pe ns/ n. 耐心,忍耐力(45)
have patience with =be patient with 对…有耐心
lose patience 失去耐心
with patience 耐心地 out of patience 不耐烦;失去耐心
patient adj. 能忍耐的,有耐心的; n. 病人,患者
patiently adv.
16. aside / sa d/ adv. 到旁边,在旁边;留,存;除…以外 (45)
set sth aside 存钱;留出;搁置(不理会)
=put/lay/leave... aside 搁置;储蓄;留存
aside from 除…以外
例1:We set aside some money for repairs.
我们存了一些钱作为修理费用。
例2:It's much wise to set aside some time to accompany parents or do something more meaningful.
留出一些时间陪伴父母或做一些更有意义的事情是很明智的。
例3:He urged the participants to set aside minor differences for the sake of achieving peace.
他敦促与会者把小分歧抛于脑后,以求实现和平。
17. remote /r m t/ adj. 偏远的,偏僻的;遥远的,久远的;远亲的
a remote beach 偏远的海滩
remote control n. 遥控;遥控装置
remotely adv.
remoteness n.
【同】distant adj. 遥远的,久远的
isolated adj. 遥远的,孤寂的;与世隔绝的
18. reward /r w d/ vt. 奖励,奖赏 n. 奖励,回报;悬赏金(45)
reward sb (for sth/for doing sth) 奖励;奖赏;给以报酬
in reward for 作为报答;作为…的报酬
rewarding adj. 值得的,有意义的;赚钱的,营利的
例1:She started singing to the baby and __________(reward)with a smile.
她开始给孩子唱歌,孩子则报以微笑。
例2:你帮了这么大的忙,理应受到奖励。
You deserve a reward for being so helpful.
19. constantly / k nst ntli/ adv. 始终,一直 (45)
20. logical / l d kl/ adj. 符合逻辑的;必然的,合乎情理的 (45)
logical thinking 逻辑思维,逻辑思考
logically adv.
logic n. 逻辑
21. inner / n (r)/ adj. 内心的,隐藏的;里面的,内部的 (45)
inner world/beauty 内心世界/内在美;精神世界
【反】outer adj. 外面的,外部的
22. perceive /p si v/ vt. 注意到,意识到;将…理解为,将…视为 (45)
perceive sb/sth (as sth) 将…理解为;将…视为;认为
perception n. 看法,认识;感觉,感知;洞察力
【 同】notice regard
例1:I perceived a change in his behaviour.
我注意到他举止有些改变。
例2:This discovery was perceived as a major breakthrough.
这一发现被视为一项重大突破。
例3:Students must perceive for themselves the relationship between success and effort.
学生们必须自己去认识到成功与努力之间的关系。
23. reality /ri l ti/ n. 现实,实际情况;事实,实际经历 (45)
reality show 真人秀;逼真的表演(真实)
in reality 实际上;事实上(可表转折)
virtual reality 虚拟现实
例1:Will time travel ever become ___ reality 时光旅行真的会成为现实吗?
例2:(2015广东卷)However, the 1995 pop song ‘ Common People ’ puts forward the view that though a middle-class person may want to live like common people, they can never appreciate the reality of a working class life.
然而,1995年的流行歌曲《普通人》提出了这样的观点:虽然一个中产阶级可能“想要像普通人一样生活”,但他们永远无法理解工人阶级生活的现实。
24. mist /m st/ n. 薄雾,水汽 (47)
25. novelist / n v l st/ n. 小说家(48)
novel n.小说 a.新奇的 →n.新奇 novelty
26. break with sth 与某事终止关联,破除 (48)
break with old customs/tradition/convention抛弃传统/常规
break with sb 绝交
break away (from) vt. 放弃;脱离……
break down 坏掉垮掉,物质分解,谈判破裂
break up 打碎;分手;解散;休假
break in 打断,插话;闯入
break out 爆发;突发
break off 折断;停止
break through 突破
break into tears/laughter =break out crying/laughing突然哭/笑起来
27. ideal /a di l/ n. 理想;典范 adj. 完美的,理想的 (48)
be ideal for sth 完美的;理想的;最合适的
ideally adv. 理想地;观念上地
idealism n. 理想主义;唯心主义,唯心论
28. rigid / r d d/ adj. 死板的,僵硬的;固执的,僵化的 (48)
rigidly adv.
rigidity n. 硬度;严格;刻板
29. undergo vt. (underwent, undergone) 经历,经受 (48)
undergo tests/trials/repairs 经受考验;接受检修
例1:My mother underwent major surgery last year. 我母亲去年动过大手术。
例2:Some children undergo a complete transformation when they become teenagers. 一些儿童进入少年期会完全变成另一个人。
= go through, exprience
30. industrialization / n d stri la ze n/n. 工业化 (48)
industry n. 工业;行业;勤奋
industrial adj.
31. advocate / dv ke t/ vt. 拥护,支持,提倡
/ dv k t/ n. 拥护者,支持者;辩护律师 (48)
advocate (doing) sth /that… 提倡
advocation n. 拥护;支持;辩护
例1:We advocate _________(recycle) papers and plastics.
我们提倡循环利用纸张和塑料。
例2:Many experts advocate __________(reward) your child for good behaviour. 很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。
例3:The report advocated that all buildings ___________(fix) with smoke detectors.
报告主张所有的建筑物都应安装烟火探测器。
例4:He became an __________(advocate) of large projects.
他成了一个大型水利工程的倡导者。
32. belief /b li f/ n. 看法,信念;信仰;相信,信心 (48)
religious/political beliefs 宗教╱政治信仰
have belief in 对…有信心,信任 =have trust/confidence/faith in
beyond belief 难以置信
believe v. 相信;认为
例1:I admire his passionate belief______ what he is doing. 我佩服他对自己的工作所抱的坚定信心。
例2:Contrary______ popular belief (= in spite of what people may think) , he was not responsible for the tragedy. 与大家的看法相反,他对这出悲剧没有责任。
例3:There is a general belief________ things will soon get better. 大家普遍认为情况很快就会好转。
例4:__________________ improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.
我们坚定的信念是卫生保健的改善会带来更加强大、繁荣的经济。
33. era / r / n. 时代,年代 (48)
34. district / d str kt/ n. 区,行政区;地区,区域 (49)
central business district 商业中心区 (CBD)
urban district 市区
financial district 金融区
Part 2
35. *diverge /da v d / vi. 分叉,岔开;分歧,相异;偏离 (50)
diverge from 背离
Many species have diverged from a single ancestor.
许多物种都是同宗演变而来的。
36. bend /bend/ v.n. (bent, bent)(使)拐弯,弯曲 拐弯,弯道 (50)
sb be bent on doing 决心做某事
a sharp bend in the road 道路的急拐弯
她弯下腰摸了摸小狗。
She bent down and touched the dog。
37. claim /kle m/ n. 声明,宣称;所有权;索赔 vt. 宣称,声称;要求;索取;获得 (50)
claim for sth/to do 要求;索取
make a claim 索赔;对…提出要求
1. A man _________(claim) to be a journalist threatened to reveal details about her private life. 一个自称是记者的男人威胁要公开她的私生活细节。
2. An underground organization has claimed responsibility for the bomb explosion. 一个地下组织已声称对炸弹爆炸事件负责。
3. It __________(claim) that some doctors were working 80 hours a week. 据说有些医生每周工作80小时。
38. *tread /tred/ vi. & vt. (trod, trodden) 踩,踏;踩碎,践踏;行走,步行 (50)
39. *sigh /sa / n. & vi. 叹气,叹息 (50)
【区】sign v. 签字n. 告示牌;迹象;手势→signature n.签名
40. hence /hens/ adv. 因此,由此 (50)
41. dare /de (r)/ vi. & vt. 敢于,胆敢; (53)
ndreght Stay at a Mountain Temple”)
dare可以用作实义动词和情态动词。
I didn’t dare (to) look at him. 我不敢看他。
You told him the truth How did you dare 你告诉他真相了?你竟敢?
I daren’t tell her the truth. 我不敢对她讲实话。
42. *dweller / dwel (r)/ n. 居民,居住者 (53)
dwell v.居住
43. striking / stra k / adj. 引人注目的,显著的;妩媚动人的,标致的 (53)
striking good looks 姣好的面容
a striking feature 显著的特征 a striking contrast 显著对比,鲜明的对比
strike (struck, struck)
44. characterize / characterise) vt. 是…的特征,使…具有特点;描述,刻画 (53)
character n. 性格;特色;人物;字符 characteristic n.特点,特征
例1. Such plain beauty is the right thing to characterize Chinese culture.
这样质朴的美丽很好的表达了中国文化的特点。
2. The city is characterized by tall modern buildings in steel and glass.
这座城市的特点是钢铁和玻璃建造的现代化高楼大厦。
45. Confucianism /k n fju: n z m/ n. 儒家,儒学,孔子学说 (5
Confucius n.孔子
46. *Taoism / ta z m; da z m/ n. 道教,道家 (53)
47. *legend / led nd/ n. 传说,传奇故事;传奇人物 (53)
48. encounter vt. n. 相遇,遭遇,冲突 (53)
= meet with, run into, come across
例1. Everyone will encounter major and minor stresses of one kind or another.
每个人都会遇到或大或小的这样那样的压力。
2. 我以前从未遇到过这么大的阻力。
I had never encountered such resistance before.
3. The story describes the extraordinary encounter between a man and a dolphin.
这个故事描述了一个男人与一只海豚之间的奇遇。
49. *nourish / n r / vt. 培养,助长;抚养,滋养 (53)
→nourishment n. 滋养品,营养
例1.她吃的食物为她和婴儿提供营养。
The food she eats nourishes both her and the baby.
2. 我们通过教育投资,培养孩子们的才能。
By investing in education, we nourish the talents of our children.
3. 所有这些孩子都营养良好,身体健康。
All the children were ______________ and ____________________.
50. numerous / nju m r s/ adj. 众多的,许多的 (53)
numerously adv. 无数地,多数地
well nourished
in good physical condition
51. *glorious / ɡl ri s/ adj. 荣耀的,光荣的;壮丽的,辉煌的 (53)
a glorious victory/ sunset
a glorious chapter in our country's history
glory n.
52. *boom /bu m/ n.v.(贸易和经济活动的)激增,繁荣 (54)
a boom in car sales 汽车销售额的剧增
a property/housing boom 房地产╱住房的迅速发展
→booming adj.繁荣的,激增的
53. stability /st b l ti/ n. 稳定(性),稳固(性)(54)
→stable adj. 稳定的,牢固的;稳重的
近:steady,secure 反:unstable
例1. Peace and ___________(stable) in the world need the active _______ (involve) of China. 世界和平和稳定需有中国的积极参与。
2. 生态系统稳定性的问题是复杂的。
The question of ecosystem stability is complicated.
54. tolerant / t l r nt/ adj. 宽容的,容忍的;能耐…的 (54)
be tolerant of/towards 忍受的;容忍的;宽容的
→adv. tolerantly
→n. tolerance
例:They need to be tolerant ____ different points of view. 他们需要容忍不同的观点。
55. liberty / l b ti/ n. 自由 (54)
the Statue of Liberty 自由女神
liberate v. 解放,解救;使自由 liberation n.解放
In fact, there is no absolute liberty in any country.
事实上,任何国家都没有绝对的自由。
56. *unconstrained / nk n stre nd/ adj. 不受约束的,自由的 (54)
57. vitality /va t l ti/ n. 生命力,活力,热情 (54)
同:vigor
→vital adj. 至关重要的,必不可少的;生机勃勃的,充满活力的
vitally adv. 极其;紧要地;生死攸关地
58. distinguish /d st ɡw / vt. & vi.成为…的特征,使有别于;区分,辨别;认出;使出众
distinguish oneself (as) 使扬名;使杰出
distinguish (between) A and B/A from B 区分;辨别;分清
→distinguished adj. 卓越的,杰出的;高贵的,尊贵的
→distinction n.
59. *exaggeration / ɡ z d re n/ n. 夸张,夸大 (54)
→ exaggerate v.
It is no exaggeration… 毫不夸张
60. *metaphor / met f (r)/ n. 暗喻,隐喻 (54)
61. representative adj. 典型的,有代表性的 n. 典型人物
be representative (of sb/sth) 典型的;有代表性的
a representative of the UN 联合国代表
a sales representative 销售代表
→ represent v.代表;象征,描绘
例1. The painting is not representative of his work of the period.
这幅画不是他在那个时期的代表作。
2. The singer is regarded as a __________(represent) of the youth of her generation.
这位歌手被看作是她那一代年轻人的典型代表。
62. frost /fr st/ n. 霜;霜冻,严寒天气 (54)
63. cast vt. (cast, cast) 投射;选派 n. 全体演员
cast light/ a smile/ doubt on 投射光线、报以微笑、令人怀疑
a cast list 演员表
She cast a welcoming smile in his direction.
她向他微笑以示欢迎。
The setting sun cast an orange glow over the mountains.
橘红色的夕阳辉映着群山。
This latest evidence casts doubt on his version of events.
最新的证据使人们怀疑他对事件的说法。
The whole cast perform(s) brilliantly.
全体演员都表现出色。
64. owe / / vt. 欠(情);欠(债) (54)
欠某人某物;归功于...owe sb sth =owe sth to sb
由于;幸亏owing to =due to, thanks to
例1. 这家公司欠六十多家银行的钱。
The company owes money _______ more than 60 banks.
2. 我很感激我的全家人。
I owe all my family a lot of gratitude.=I _____ a lot of gratitude _____ all my family.
3. 我认为你欠我们一个解释。
I think you owe us an explanation
4.他将成功归因于勤奋。
He owes his success to hard work/diligence.
65. debt /det/ n. 人情债,情义,恩情;借款,欠款,债务
in /out of debt (不)负债/情
例1. I need to pay off all my debts before I leave the country.
我得在离开该国前偿清所有债务。
2. He was already deeply _____ debt through gambling losses.
赌博输的钱让他已经负债累累。
3. He was so good to me that I can never repay the debt I owe him.
那时他对我太好了,我永远都还不清欠他的人情债。
66. *fascinate / f s ne t/ vt. & vi. 深深吸引,迷住 (54)
→a.着迷的 fascinated be/get fascinated by 被迷住
a.令人着迷的 fascinating
n. 入迷,魅力 fascination
The topic concerning children's education never failed to fascinate us in modern society.
在当代社会,关于孩子的教育话题总是能引起我们的关注。
67. entitle / n ta tl/ vt. (usually passive) 给…命名;使享有权利,使符合资格 (54)
某人有资格/权利sb be entitled to sth
entitle sb/sth as 命名
→n. entitlement
Everyone ________ _______ _____ their own opinion. 人人都有权发表自己的意见。
68. blame /ble m/ vt. 把…归咎于,责怪,指责 n. 责任,责备,指责
某人应受责备 be to blame (for sth)
把…归咎于... blame sb for sth=blame sth on sb
1. I don't blame you ______ thinking that way.
我不怪你那样想。
2. Police are blaming the accident _____ dangerous driving.
警方把事故原因归咎于危险驾驶。
3. Which driver was (blame) for the accident
哪位司机是此次事故的肇事者?
4. The government will have to take the blame for the riots.
政府将不得不对骚乱承担责任。
69. allowance / la ns/ n. 津贴,补助;限额;零花钱(55)
make allowance for 体谅;考虑到,估计到 (55)
an allowance of $20 a day 每天20元补贴
The plan makes no allowance _____ people working at different rates.
这个计划没有把人们工作速度不同考虑在内。
He's tired so I'll make allowances ______ him.
他累了,所以我会体谅他的。
70. *triumph / tra mf/ n. 巨大成功,重大成就 vi. 打败,战胜,成功
71. *impostor / m p st (r)/ n. 冒名顶替者,冒名行骗(55)
72. unforgiving / nf ɡ v / adj. 棘手的;不饶人的,不宽容的 (55)
→ v.原谅forgive (forgave, forgiven)