人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 3 Fascinating Parks Learning About Language 学案 （含答案）
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Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
【学习目标】
1.通过理解教材,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.理解动词-ing形式作主语的功能和意义;正确运用动词-ing形式作主语描述具体的行动或习惯。(语言能力)
【合作探究】
新知探究
知识点1 prohibit vt. 禁止;阻止 *prohibition n.禁止;阻止;禁令
(P28)officially or legally prohibit
正式或法律上禁止
知识拓展
prohibit doing sth 禁止做某事
prohibit sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事
prohibition on/against... ……的禁令
经典佳句
The high cost of equipment prohibits many people from taking up this sport.
昂贵的装备令许多人对这项运动望而却步。
名师点拨
prohibit意为“禁止;阻止”时,常用于prohibit sb from doing sth结构;表示“禁止某人做某事”时,没有prohibit sb to do sth这个结构。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)Motor vehicles in the town centre at this time every day.
每天这个时候禁止机动车辆在市中心行驶。
(2) drunken driving will save many lives.
酒后开车的禁令将会挽救许多生命。
(3)The police in the city centre.
警方禁止在市中心停车。
答案 (1)are prohibited from driving (2)The prohibition on/against (3)prohibit parking
知识点2 stretch vi. 延伸;延续vi.& vt.伸展;舒展 n.伸展;舒展
(P28)The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park was set up in Jilin and Heilongjiang, with boundary stretching all the way to the border and joining with Russia's wildlife reserves.
东北虎豹国家公园在吉林和黑龙江设立,其范围一直延伸到边界,并与俄罗斯的野生动物保护区连接。
知识拓展
stretch oneself 伸懒腰;竭尽全力
stretch out 躺下;伸出;伸展
stretch over 伸展;延续
stretch to 延伸;足够买
at full stretch 竭尽全力;以最大财力物力
经典佳句
Try stretching your legs and pulling your toes upwards.
试着伸直双腿并向上拉拉脚趾。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)In fact, if all the bookshelves in the library were laid end to end, they would !
事实上,如果将图书馆里所有的书架一个接一个地排列,它们将绵延超过五百英里!
(2)He wondered about it as he .
当他舒展身体的时候,他在想着这件事。
(3)She to provide for the family.
她竭尽全力养活一家人。
答案 (1)stretch over 500 miles (2)stretched his body
(3)stretched herself
知识点3 rewarding adj.值得做的;有益的 *reward v.奖励;奖赏;酬谢 n.奖励;回报;报酬
(P29)It is both challenging and rewarding to study abroad.
出国留学既有挑战性又是有益的。
知识拓展
reward sb for (doing) sth因(做)某事而奖励某人
in reward (for ...)作为(……的)回报
经典佳句
The university is known for its language and culture courses intended for international students.I believe you will have a rewarding experience there.
这所大学以其专门为国际学生设立的语言和文化课程而闻名。我相信你在那儿会获益匪浅。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)There's nothing more (reward) than putting smiles on the faces around you.
(2)Winning the match was just reward for the efforts the team had made.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)In your post, you mentioned that ,which is just what I want.
在你的帖子中,你提到作为回报,你可以教我英语,这正是我想要的。
答案 (1)rewarding (2)in (3)you could teach me English in reward
语法探究
动词-ing形式作主语
自主探究
阅读下列句子,并注意黑体部分的用法。
1.Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.
2.Getting here is quite difficult, so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek.
3.For hundreds of years, looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami.
4.Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive.
我的发现
如果一个动词加上-ing后具有了 的句法功能,那么这个词就被称为 。动词-ing形式能在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。在上面的句子中,动词-ing形式均作 。
答案 名词;动名词;主语
探究点1 动词-ing形式的基本情况
1.动词-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式,包括现在分词和动名词两种。
动词-ing形式在句中的语法作用:动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,现在分词在句中作表语、状语、宾语补足语和定语。
2.动词-ing形式的时态和语态:
语态 时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.
大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
Having studied his lessons very hard, he passed the exam.
由于努力学习了功课,他通过了考试。
The building being built now will be finished next month.
正在建设的建筑物下个月将完工。
Having been laughed at for his lameness, the boy became shy and inhibited.
那男孩因跛脚被人讥笑, 变得羞怯、拘谨。
探究点2 动词-ing形式作主语
1.动词-ing形式作主语,往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
Saying is one thing, and doing is another.
说是一回事,而做是另一回事。
Having a walk every day helps one keep healthy.
每天散步有助于一个人保持健康。
注意:
(1)单个的动名词(短语)作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old.对于老人来说爬山确实困难。
(2)两个或多个动名词(短语)并列作主语时,如果是一件事,谓语动词用单数,如果是两件事,谓语动词用复数。
Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.
早睡早起是一个好习惯。
Watching TV and reading books are really interesting.
看电视和读书真的很有趣。
2.形式主语it代替动词-ing形式作主语,此类句式常见的有:
It's a waste of time doing sth.做某事浪费时间。
It's useless/worthwhile doing sth.做某事没用/是值得的。
It's no good/use/fun doing sth.做某事没好处/没用/没意思。
It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.
劝说这种人加入我们真是浪费时间。
It is no use regretting for the past.
悔恨过去是没用的。
It's useless arguing with them.
跟他们争论是徒劳无益的。
3.动词-ing形式和动词不定式作主语时的区别:
动词-ing形式和动词不定式都可以作主语。动词-ing形式作主语表示比较抽象的一般行为,动词不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。
Playing with fire is dangerous.
玩火危险。(泛指)
Singing is my hobby, and to sing at my friend's birthday party is my dream.
唱歌是我的爱好,在朋友的生日宴会上唱歌是我的梦想。
探究点3 动词-ing形式的复合结构作主语
1.作主语的动词-ing形式的复合结构的肯定形式为“形容词性物主代词/名词的所有格+doing...”。
2.作主语的动词-ing形式的复合结构的否定形式为“形容词性物主代词/名词的所有格+not doing...”。
His/Tom's being late made the teacher very angry.
他的/汤姆的迟到使老师很生气。
Jerry's not arriving on time made the people present angry.
杰里未能按时到达令在场的人很生气。
【随堂检测】
【夯实基础】
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.As for me, (read) a good book is just like talking with a learned person.
2.Leaving the less important things until tomorrow (be) often acceptable.
3. (chat) with them improves our mind.
4. (learn) a foreign language is very useful.
5.His (get) up early is good for his health.
6.His (be) late for the meeting made the manager angry.
7.It is no use (cry) over the spilt milk.
8.It's no good (play) computer games too much.
答案 1.reading 2.is 3.Chatting 4.Learning 5.getting 6.being 7.crying 8.playing
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.我认为有这样一个伙伴是值得的。
2.他们前来帮助对我们来说是很大的鼓舞。
3.年轻时见过很多世面是一件好事。
4.迷路可能是一种很可怕的经历。
5.勤洗手和戴口罩是预防感染的两个有效方法。
答案
1.I think it is worthwhile having such a companion.
2.Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.
3.Having seen a lot of the world in one's youth is a good thing.
4.Being lost can be a terrifying experience.
5.Washing hands frequently and wearing masks are two effective ways to prevent infection.
【学习目标】
1.通过理解教材,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.理解动词-ing形式作主语的功能和意义;正确运用动词-ing形式作主语描述具体的行动或习惯。(语言能力)
【合作探究】
新知探究
知识点1 prohibit vt. 禁止;阻止 *prohibition n.禁止;阻止;禁令
(P28)officially or legally prohibit
正式或法律上禁止
知识拓展
prohibit doing sth 禁止做某事
prohibit sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事
prohibition on/against... ……的禁令
经典佳句
The high cost of equipment prohibits many people from taking up this sport.
昂贵的装备令许多人对这项运动望而却步。
名师点拨
prohibit意为“禁止;阻止”时,常用于prohibit sb from doing sth结构;表示“禁止某人做某事”时,没有prohibit sb to do sth这个结构。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)Motor vehicles in the town centre at this time every day.
每天这个时候禁止机动车辆在市中心行驶。
(2) drunken driving will save many lives.
酒后开车的禁令将会挽救许多生命。
(3)The police in the city centre.
警方禁止在市中心停车。
答案 (1)are prohibited from driving (2)The prohibition on/against (3)prohibit parking
知识点2 stretch vi. 延伸;延续vi.& vt.伸展;舒展 n.伸展;舒展
(P28)The Northeast Tiger and Leopard National Park was set up in Jilin and Heilongjiang, with boundary stretching all the way to the border and joining with Russia's wildlife reserves.
东北虎豹国家公园在吉林和黑龙江设立,其范围一直延伸到边界,并与俄罗斯的野生动物保护区连接。
知识拓展
stretch oneself 伸懒腰;竭尽全力
stretch out 躺下;伸出;伸展
stretch over 伸展;延续
stretch to 延伸;足够买
at full stretch 竭尽全力;以最大财力物力
经典佳句
Try stretching your legs and pulling your toes upwards.
试着伸直双腿并向上拉拉脚趾。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)In fact, if all the bookshelves in the library were laid end to end, they would !
事实上,如果将图书馆里所有的书架一个接一个地排列,它们将绵延超过五百英里!
(2)He wondered about it as he .
当他舒展身体的时候,他在想着这件事。
(3)She to provide for the family.
她竭尽全力养活一家人。
答案 (1)stretch over 500 miles (2)stretched his body
(3)stretched herself
知识点3 rewarding adj.值得做的;有益的 *reward v.奖励;奖赏;酬谢 n.奖励;回报;报酬
(P29)It is both challenging and rewarding to study abroad.
出国留学既有挑战性又是有益的。
知识拓展
reward sb for (doing) sth因(做)某事而奖励某人
in reward (for ...)作为(……的)回报
经典佳句
The university is known for its language and culture courses intended for international students.I believe you will have a rewarding experience there.
这所大学以其专门为国际学生设立的语言和文化课程而闻名。我相信你在那儿会获益匪浅。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)There's nothing more (reward) than putting smiles on the faces around you.
(2)Winning the match was just reward for the efforts the team had made.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)In your post, you mentioned that ,which is just what I want.
在你的帖子中,你提到作为回报,你可以教我英语,这正是我想要的。
答案 (1)rewarding (2)in (3)you could teach me English in reward
语法探究
动词-ing形式作主语
自主探究
阅读下列句子,并注意黑体部分的用法。
1.Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.
2.Getting here is quite difficult, so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek.
3.For hundreds of years, looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami.
4.Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive.
我的发现
如果一个动词加上-ing后具有了 的句法功能,那么这个词就被称为 。动词-ing形式能在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。在上面的句子中,动词-ing形式均作 。
答案 名词;动名词;主语
探究点1 动词-ing形式的基本情况
1.动词-ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式,包括现在分词和动名词两种。
动词-ing形式在句中的语法作用:动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语,现在分词在句中作表语、状语、宾语补足语和定语。
2.动词-ing形式的时态和语态:
语态 时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.
大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
Having studied his lessons very hard, he passed the exam.
由于努力学习了功课,他通过了考试。
The building being built now will be finished next month.
正在建设的建筑物下个月将完工。
Having been laughed at for his lameness, the boy became shy and inhibited.
那男孩因跛脚被人讥笑, 变得羞怯、拘谨。
探究点2 动词-ing形式作主语
1.动词-ing形式作主语,往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
Saying is one thing, and doing is another.
说是一回事,而做是另一回事。
Having a walk every day helps one keep healthy.
每天散步有助于一个人保持健康。
注意:
(1)单个的动名词(短语)作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old.对于老人来说爬山确实困难。
(2)两个或多个动名词(短语)并列作主语时,如果是一件事,谓语动词用单数,如果是两件事,谓语动词用复数。
Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.
早睡早起是一个好习惯。
Watching TV and reading books are really interesting.
看电视和读书真的很有趣。
2.形式主语it代替动词-ing形式作主语,此类句式常见的有:
It's a waste of time doing sth.做某事浪费时间。
It's useless/worthwhile doing sth.做某事没用/是值得的。
It's no good/use/fun doing sth.做某事没好处/没用/没意思。
It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.
劝说这种人加入我们真是浪费时间。
It is no use regretting for the past.
悔恨过去是没用的。
It's useless arguing with them.
跟他们争论是徒劳无益的。
3.动词-ing形式和动词不定式作主语时的区别:
动词-ing形式和动词不定式都可以作主语。动词-ing形式作主语表示比较抽象的一般行为,动词不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。
Playing with fire is dangerous.
玩火危险。(泛指)
Singing is my hobby, and to sing at my friend's birthday party is my dream.
唱歌是我的爱好,在朋友的生日宴会上唱歌是我的梦想。
探究点3 动词-ing形式的复合结构作主语
1.作主语的动词-ing形式的复合结构的肯定形式为“形容词性物主代词/名词的所有格+doing...”。
2.作主语的动词-ing形式的复合结构的否定形式为“形容词性物主代词/名词的所有格+not doing...”。
His/Tom's being late made the teacher very angry.
他的/汤姆的迟到使老师很生气。
Jerry's not arriving on time made the people present angry.
杰里未能按时到达令在场的人很生气。
【随堂检测】
【夯实基础】
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.As for me, (read) a good book is just like talking with a learned person.
2.Leaving the less important things until tomorrow (be) often acceptable.
3. (chat) with them improves our mind.
4. (learn) a foreign language is very useful.
5.His (get) up early is good for his health.
6.His (be) late for the meeting made the manager angry.
7.It is no use (cry) over the spilt milk.
8.It's no good (play) computer games too much.
答案 1.reading 2.is 3.Chatting 4.Learning 5.getting 6.being 7.crying 8.playing
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.我认为有这样一个伙伴是值得的。
2.他们前来帮助对我们来说是很大的鼓舞。
3.年轻时见过很多世面是一件好事。
4.迷路可能是一种很可怕的经历。
5.勤洗手和戴口罩是预防感染的两个有效方法。
答案
1.I think it is worthwhile having such a companion.
2.Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.
3.Having seen a lot of the world in one's youth is a good thing.
4.Being lost can be a terrifying experience.
5.Washing hands frequently and wearing masks are two effective ways to prevent infection.