专题21 语法填空
【题型解读】
语法填空题一共有10个空,其中有6~7个空考查实词,括号内有给出相关的词,另外的3~4个空为考查虚词,不给出相关的词。此题型主要考查学生对语法和词法知识的掌握和运用。要注意不同词性的构词法,学会分析空格里的词在句子中的成分也很重要。其考查形式分为给出提示词和不给出提示词两种：
1.给出提示词的考查内容包括：词性转换（如名词、动词、形容词与副词等的词性转换）；名词单、复数变化；形容词和副词的比较等级变化；动词的时态、语态以及非谓语动词等。
2.不给出提示词的考查内容包括：根据上下文语境填入冠词、副词、连词、代词及介词等。
【命题规律】
考查初中基本语法;
1.词法 2.时态 3.语态 4.句法
【解题技巧】
中考语法填空题的解题步骤：
1.若是短文语法填空，就读首段首句，预猜文章大意；（若猜不出文章大意，就快速浏览全文）；如果是单句，直接进第二步。
2.边读边认边填 ；（看要填的空有无提示词，有，是哪些词？用以上的方法去套用）
（1）考点分布一般比较均匀，除动词外，考点一般不重复。
【分配：名词 + 动词*2 + 形容词 + 副词 + 冠词 + 介词 + 连词 + 连接词 + 代词】
（2）有提示词均需要变形，且变形方向是固定的。因此想不出答案时可以根据考点依次带入排除。（比如3-4个无提示词的填空已经填入了冠词、介词、连词，则剩下的大概率是三大从句的连接词或者疑问词）
3.重读以检查核对。
语法填空：
1.对于括号内所给出单词的情况
要先从词性考虑,一般名词考查单数或复数形式和名词的所有格。人称代词考查主格,宾格,形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词和反身代词。形容词和副词考查三级的变化或它们之间的转换。动词考查时态,语态
和非谓语动词等用法。数词考查基数和序数的区别或复数的用法。
2.对于不给出词的情况
一般考查冠词,介词和连词。冠词要看后面名词的读音开头是否是元音,另外,是否是特指等情况。介词要记住固定的搭配。连词相对最难,要从上下文判断,特别是先判断是什么样的从句,另外,要根据句子的意思,句
子成分,时态等确定关联词。有时也可能考查到连接副词等。
（2024·辽宁大连·一模）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
Jin Ying, 25, is a lover of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). She took part in a three-month training course on acupuncture and tuina (针灸推拿) 1 2023 at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.
Jin’s life is different now. She 2 (change) her life habits since the training. For example, she avoids sweating (出汗) too much during exercise in winter 3 the cold of winter means people should slow down, according to TCM. For 4 (she), learning these skills and theories is not about becoming a TCM doctor but rather about embracing (拥抱) a new lifestyle.
She is not 5 unusual example of young people becoming interested in TCM. A survey by China Youth Daily showed that 93.3 percent of the 1,000 young people who took part had tried different TCM treatments.
“I have seen 6 (many) young people come to me for neck and back pains than before, which are usually related to the elderly,” said Ma Huifang, a TCM doctor at Guoyitang, a TCM hospital affiliated (附属) with Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.
Compared with Western medicine, TCM 7 (choose) by young people now “because of its efficacy (疗效),” according to Ma. Some people question why TCM treats the same 8 (ill) with different prescriptions (处方). “This is actually an advantage of TCM, rather than a shortcoming, as it can be a more accurate treatment (精准的治疗) for different patients,” Ma explained.
Younger age 9 (group) are embracing TCM, and, at the same time, TCM is also helping young people. As Jin noted, “It helps young people 10 (understand) Chinese medicine and learn why it is believed to be a treasure of our Chinese culture.”
【答案】
1．in 2．has changed 3．because 4．her 5．an 6．more 7．is chosen 8．illness 9．groups 10．understand/to understand
【导语】本文主要介绍了中医越来越受年轻群体的欢迎以及中医的神奇疗效。
1．句意：她参加了2023年在北京中医药大学为期三个月的针灸推拿培训课程。表示在某一年，需用介词in，in 2023意为“在2023年”。故填in。
2．句意：自从训练以来，她已经改变了自己的生活习惯。根据“...since the training.”可知，空处需用现在完成时，其结构为：have/has +done，主语是She，助动词需用has，故填has changed。
3．句意：例如，她在冬天锻炼时避免出汗过多，因为根据中医的说法，冬天寒冷意味着人们应该放慢脚步。根据空前后关系可知，空处表原因，故填because。
4．句意：对于她来说，学习这些技能和理论并不是为了成为一名中医，而是为了拥抱一种新的生活方式。For后跟代词的宾格，主格she对应的宾格是her。故填her。
5．句意：她是一个普通的年轻人对中医产生兴趣的典型例子。根据“She is not...unusual example of young people becoming interested in TCM.”可知，空处表泛指，需用不定冠词，unusual是以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。
6．句意：“我已看到比以前更多的年轻人来找我治疗颈椎和背部疼痛，这通常与老年人有关。”马惠芳说。根据句中“than”一词可知，空处需比较级。many“很多”的比较级为more。故填more。
7．句意：马惠芳表示，与西医相比，年轻人现在选择中医“因为它的疗效”。根据“...by young people...”可知，TCM与young people是被动关系，需用被动语态，因陈述的是一般事实，需一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为be+done，主语为TCM，be动词用is，动词choose的过去分词为chosen。故填is chosen。
8．句意：有人质疑中医为什么用不同的药方来治疗同一种病。根据“the same...”可知，空处需名词，ill“病的”为形容词，其名词为illness。故填illness。
9．句意：年轻一代群体正在拥抱中医，同时中医也正在帮助年轻人。根据“Younger age...(group)...”可知，空处指年轻一代的群体，需用group的复数形式groups。故填groups。
10．句意：“它帮助年轻人了解中医并了解为什么它被认为是我们中国文化的瑰宝。” help sb. (to) do sth.是固定搭配，故空处可填动词原形或动词不定式。故填understand/to understand。
（2024·辽宁大连·一模）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
The Horse-Face Skirt
Have you heard of the horse-face skirt This Chinese skirt dates back to the Song Dynasty (960-1279). The skirt has folds on both 11 (side). The two smooth panels (饰片) in the front overlap (交叠) each other, and so do the two smooth panels in the back. These overlaps leave openings in the front and back of the skirt.
In 2022, French fashion brand Dior 12 (copy) the design of the skirt. Many hanfu lovers began to spread the knowledge of the skirt. This helped more people learn about 13 (tradition) Chinese clothes. “For us, wearing the skirt is not just for fashion,” said Mao, one of the hanfu lovers. “It also shows our love for Chinese culture.” Mao said 14 (proud).
Recently, more attention 15 (give) to the skirt. Many famous Chinese people have worn it to international events. 16 during this past Spring Festival, lots of young people wore the skirt when they went on trips.
People in other countries like this skirt, too. Chinese clothing companies have gotten a lot of orders for it from abroad. 17 report studied how popular the skirt was among foreign users of Chinese short video platforms. What did the report find Last year, users from more than 90 countries and regions shared content about the skirt! This is a good example of Chinese culture going global (走向世界). And it is also a good way 18 (spread) Chinese culture.
Besides the skirt, “new Chinese-style clothes” is also a hot topic. These clothes add traditional Chinese elements (元素) 19 modern designs. They have won the hearts of many. All this shows that we are becoming much 20 (confident) in our own culture.
【答案】
sides 12．copied 13．traditional 14．proudly 15．was given 16．And 17．A
18．to spread 19．to 20．more confident
【导语】本文主要讲了马面裙的历史及其在当今社会的受欢迎程度。
11．句意：裙子两边都有褶皱。on both sides“两边”，介词短语。故填sides。
12．句意：2022年，法国时尚品牌迪奥模仿了这种裙子的设计。根据时间状语“In 2022”可知，此句应用一般过去时态，这里copy是动词，其过去式为copied。故填copied。
13．句意：这有助于更多的人了解中国传统服装。根据空后的“Chinese clothes”可知，空处应填一个形容词，修饰名词。tradition是名词，其形容词形式为traditional。故填traditional。
14．句意：“这也表明了我们对中国文化的热爱。”毛骄傲地说。根据空前的“Mao said...”可知，空处修饰动词“said”，因此用副词。proud是形容词，副词形式为proudly。故填proudly。
15．句意：最近，这种裙子受到了更多的关注。根据“Recently, more attention...to the skirt.”可知，裙子是被关注的对象，应用被动语态。时态为一般过去时，主语是单三，因此用was done。故填was given。
16．句意：在刚刚过去的春节期间，许多年轻人外出旅行时都穿着马面裙。根据“Many famous Chinese people have worn it to international events...during this past Spring Festival, lots of young people wore the skirt when they went on trips.”可知，前句与空处的句子是递进关系，所以用连词and。位于句首，首字母大写。故填And。
17．句意：一份报告研究了这种裙子在中国短视频平台的外国用户中的受欢迎程度。此处泛指一份报告，空后的“report”为可数名词单数，且以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。位于句首，大写。故填A。
18．句意：这也是传播中国文化的好方法。根据“And it is also a good way...Chinese culture.”可知，空处应填非谓语动词，用动词不定式作后置定语修饰“way”。故填to spread。
19．句意：这些服装为现代设计增添了中国传统元素。add...to...“添加……到……中”，动词短语。故填to。
20．句意：所有这些都表明，我们对自己的文化越来越有信心。“much”修饰形容词比较级，“confident”是多音节形容词，其比较级形式为more confident。故填more confident。
（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）
根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空使短文完整，每空词数不限。
Every year in March, the two sessions (两会) are held in Beijing. Government officals hold news conferences (新闻发布会) to give 21 (report) to the public. During this time, a lot of people pay attention to China, so interpreters (口译员) play a very 22 (importance) role at these news conferences.
Zhang Lu 23 (be) a professional interpreter for more than ten years. She usually interprets for top leaders, 24 (include) Premier Li Keqiang and former Premier Wen Jiabao. Zhang is 25 (know) for her translation of Chinese literary quotes (文学典故). How are interpreters like Zhang able to work so correctly and quickly
Their ability 26 (main) comes from hard work. Most of them majored in English in college and went through lots of training. To be a skillful interpreter, they never stop 27 (learn). According to China Radio International, the interpreters won’t know who they are going to interpret for until a month before the two sessions. They then make full use of the month to prepare everything by 28 (they).
They find out famous sentences that the spokesperson might plan 29 (use) when they answer questions. They also try to predict what kinds of questions might be asked.
There is no “secret” to be a 30 (success) interpreter. It’s all a matter of skill and hard work.
【答案】
21．reports 22．important 23．has been 24．including 25．known 26．mainly 27．learning 28．themselves 29．to use 30．successful
【导语】本文主要讲述了两会期间，口译员的重要性，并且介绍了口译员的工作方法及努力的程度。
21．句意：政府官员举行新闻发布会，向公众发表报告。空格处应填一个名词作宾语，report表示“报告”，为可数名词，空前无冠词，所以此处应用复数名词。故填reports。
22．句意：在这段时间，很多人关注中国，所以口译员在这些新闻发布会上扮演着非常重要的角色。空格处应填一个形容词作定语，结合语境可知，此处是指口译员扮演重要的角色。故填important。
23．句意：张璐从事专业口译工作十余年。空格处应填一个动词作谓语，结合“for more than ten years”可知，句子是现在完成时，且句子主语“Zhang Lu”是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has been。
24．句意：她通常为高层领导做翻译，包括李克强总理和前总理温家宝。根据“Premier Li Keqiang and former Premier Wen Jiabao”可知，空格处表列举，介词including“包括”符合语境。故填including。
25．句意：张璐以翻译中国文学名言而闻名。be known for表示“因……而出名”，为固定搭配。故填known。
26．句意：他们的能力主要来自努力工作。空格处应填一个副词修饰谓语动词“comes from”。故填mainly。
27．句意：为了成为一名熟练的口译员，他们从不停止学习。结合语境可知，此处是指从不停止学习，所以用stop doing sth.表示“停止做某事”，为固定搭配。故填learning。
28．句意：然后他们充分利用这个月自己准备好一切。此处考查by oneself表示“独自”，结合句子主语为“They”可知，此处应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
29．句意：他们找出发言人在回答问题时可能打算使用的著名句子。plan to do sth.表示“计划做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to use。
30．句意：成为一名成功的口译员没有什么“秘诀”。空格处应填一个形容词作定语，结合语境可知，此处是指成功的口译员。故填successful。
（2024·陕西西安·一模）
Do you know World Letter Writing Day It 31 be set up by Richard Simpkin in 2014. It usually falls 32 September every year. He encouraged people 33 (take) a break from today’s social media and write a letter to someone by hand.
Who should you write to Think about a friend or relative that lives far away. A parent or best friend would also love to receive 34 (you) letter.
How do you write a letter 35 (general) speaking, a letter includes these parts. The date and a greeting such as “Dear...” should be at the top of the letter. A closing part such as “Love” or “Yours truly” needs to follow the body. End it by 36 (sign) it.
Why should you pick up a pen and write a letter It is a surprise that may make someone’s day. It’s a good way to show people that you have been thinking of them. Everyone loves a personal touch. It makes pleasant and 37 (enjoy) moments. Some people have been saving their 38 (letter) and reviewing them over the years.
A recent study shows that letter writing 39 (make) the writer very happy and joyful, too. “Handwriting is your DNA．It’s your fingerprint that only you can share with others.
So, get some paper 40 pick up a pen. Start writing a letter today!
【答案】
31．was 32．in 33．to take 34．your 35．Generally 36．signing 37．enjoyable 38．letters 39．makes 40．and
【导语】本文介绍了世界写信日，应该怎么写信以及它的好处。
31．句意：它是由理查德·辛普金于2014年创立的。主语It与谓语set up之间是被动关系，根据in 2014可知，此处用一般过去时被动语态，根据It可知，助动词用was，故填was。
32．句意：它通常是在每年的九月。September“九月份”，月份前加介词in，故填in。
33．句意：他鼓励人们从今天的社交媒体中休息一下，手写一封信给别人。encourage sb to do sth“鼓励某人去做某事”，此空应填动词不定式，故填to take。
34．句意：父母或最好的朋友也会很乐意收到你的信。此空修饰名词letter，应填形容词性物主代词your，故填your。
35．句意：一般来说，一封信包括这些部分。generally speaking“一般来说”，固定搭配，故填Generally。
36．句意：通过签名来结束它。by是介词，后接动名词，故填signing。
37．句意：它带来了愉快和愉快的时刻。此空修饰名词moments，应填形容词enjoyable“令人愉快的”作定语，故填enjoyable。
38．句意：有些人多年来一直保存着他们的信件，并回顾它们。根据them可知，此空应填复数名词，故填letters。
39．句意：最近的一项研究表明，写信也使写信人非常快乐和快乐。此句是一般现在时，主语是单数形式，动词用三单，故填makes。
40．句意：所以，拿起纸和笔。空格前后是并列关系，用and连接，故填and。
（2024·陕西西安·三模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Winter holds a special place in my heart. In this cold season, one of my 41 (please) is enjoying the delightful snack known as candied haws, or tanghulu. It is very popular in the 42 (north) part of China. It always brings back 43 (value) memories from my childhood. I could still remember when I was a child, I saw people selling tanghulu on the street who 44 (follow) by many kids. The snack had a bright color and 45 (shine) like diamonds.
The first bite into the outer layer (层) 46 (simple) shows the sweet. However, 47 you taste the juicy haw, you will get a perfect mix of sweet and sour. The contrast between the cold air and the warmth from each bite is wonderful. In addition, it is rich 48 vitamin C and vitamin E and helps digestion. I can say it is not only a kind of snack but also a fantastic experience that makes me 49 (discover) the beauty of winter.
Tanghulu has already been a symbol of joy during the season. Whether it is enjoyed alone during 50 usual evening walk or shared with friends and family at a winter gathering, it has the power to create moments of connection. It can bring happiness and joy to anyone who tries.
【答案】
41．pleasures 42．northern 43．valuable 44．were followed 45．shone 46．simply 47．when 48．in 49．discover 50．a
【导语】本文主要讲述了糖葫芦是作者冬季最爱吃的小吃之一，及其丰富的营养价值，并且糖葫芦已经成为冬季欢乐的一种象征。
41．句意：在这个寒冷的季节，我的一个乐趣是享受被称为糖葫芦的令人愉快的小吃。结合“one of”可知，此处应用复数名词，pleasure表示“乐事”，为可数名词，故填pleasures。
42．句意：它在中国北方很受欢迎。此处修饰名词应填一个形容词作定语，northern表示“北方的”，符合语境。故填northern。
43．句意：它总能勾起我童年的珍贵回忆。此处修饰名词应填一个形容词作定语，valuable表示“珍贵的”，符合语境。故填valuable。
44．句意：我还记得当我还是个孩子的时候，我看到人们在街上卖糖葫芦，后面跟着很多孩子。由全文可知，该句是一般过去时，又根据“by many kids”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+动词过去分词”，先行词people在从句中作主语，be动词用were，故填were followed。
45．句意：这个小吃颜色鲜艳，像钻石一样闪闪发光。根据空前“and”为并列连词可知，空格处应填一个动词，结合句子是一般过去时，所以此处要用动词的过去式。故填shone。
46．句意：第一口咬到外层就能感受到它的甜味。此处修饰动词应填一个副词。故填simply。
47．句意：然而，当你品尝到多汁的山楂时，你会得到酸甜的完美结合。空格处引导从句，结合语境可知，此处应用when表示“当……时”，引导时间状语从句，故填when。
48．句意：此外，它富含维生素C和维生素E，并且还有助于消化。此处考查be rich in表示“富含……”，为固定搭配。故填in。
49．句意：我可以说它不仅是一种小吃，也是一种奇妙的经历，让我发现了冬天的美丽。此处考查make sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”，为固定搭配。故填discover。
50．句意：无论是在平常的晚上散步时独自享受，还是在冬天的聚会上与朋友和家人分享，它都有创造联系时刻的力量。此处表示泛指，且空后“usual”以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
（2024·四川广元·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。
During the Spring Festival, three films are very popular. The comedy film YOLO continues 51 (top) China’s daily box office. YOLO is directed by Jia Ling. It’s her 52 (two) work after Hi, Mom.
It tells the story of a jobless woman in her 53 (thirty) who still lives with her parents.
After she meets a boxing (拳击) coach, her life 54 (change). The film has caused an online controversy (争议) due to Jia’s weight loss, 55 she once explained that she didn’t want people to think that YOLO was just a movie about weight loss. “This movie has nothing to do with weight loss, or even boxing. It is a movie about how a kind person learns to love 56 (her). In order to make movies, Jia Ling once gained weight and then lost weight to show a completely 57 (difference) image from the past. Losing weight is 58 test for many people, which requires a lot of effort and time. Her 59 (succeed) is not only due to her talent, but also because of her courage. Her achievement is quite inspiring. We should learn 60 Jia Ling’s spirit and dare to challenge ourselves.
【答案】
51．to top 52．second 53．thirties 54．is changed 55．but 56．herself 57．different 58．a 59．success 60．from
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了电影《热辣滚烫》里发生的故事。
51．句意：喜剧电影《热辣滚烫》继续高居中国每日票房榜首。本题考查continue to do sth“继续做某事”，此处应用不定式作宾语。故填to top。
52．句意：这是她继《你好，李焕英》之后的第二部作品。根据“It’s her...work after Hi, Mom.”可知，此处指第二部作品，应用two的序数词形式。故填second。
53．句意：它讲述了一个30多岁的失业妇女仍然和父母住在一起的故事。本题考查固定搭配in one’s thirties“在某人三十几岁的时候”。故填thirties。
54．句意：在她遇到一位拳击教练后，她的生活发生了变化。根据“After she meets a boxing”可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语life是动作change的承受者，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词要用is。故填is changed。
55．句意：由于贾的减肥，这部电影在网上引起了争议，但她曾解释说，她不希望人们认为《热辣滚烫》只是一部关于减肥的电影。根据“The film has caused an online controversy due to Jia’s weight loss,...she once explained that she didn’t want people to think that YOLO was just a movie about weight loss.”可知，前后句为转折关系，应用转折连词but。故填but。
56．句意：这是一部关于一个善良的人如何学会爱自己的电影。根据“It is a movie about how a kind person learns to love...”可知，此处指爱自己，应用her的反身代词形式。故填herself。
57．句意：贾玲为了拍电影，一度增重又减重，以展现与以往完全不同的形象。根据“image”可知，此处应用difference的形容词形式different“不同的”作定语修饰名词。故填different。
58．句意：减肥对很多人来说都是一项考验，需要付出大量的努力和时间。根据“test for many people”可知，此处泛指一场测试，test为辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
59．句意：她的成功不仅是因为她的才华，还因为她的勇气。根据“Her...is not only due to her talent”可知，此处应用succeed的名词形式作主语。故填success。
60．句意：我们应该学习贾玲的精神，敢于挑战自我。本题考查动词短语learn from“从……中学到”。故填from。
（2024·湖南·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Huang Yongyu, pen name Huang Niu, 61 (be) born in Changde, Hunan, and died in 2023. 62 a great artist, he has made a big influence on the art of China.
Born in 1924, he had 63 unusual life. Before teaching in the college, he had worked as a worker in factories, a teacher in a primary school, and even a 64 (write). Different from other professional (专业的) painters, Huang studied 65 himself during the period of war, and started with woodcarving (木刻). For a better future of his career (职业), he went to Hong Kong with his wife and spent all day in woodcarving. When he became famous, his uncle Shen Congwen advised 66 (he) to move to Beijing and teach woodcarving in the college. Finally, he accepted his uncle’s advice and came back with his wife and baby, a 7-month boy. Their life there was so wonderful, because they fed many animals as pets, like monkeys, bears, turkey (火鸡).
67 he met hundreds of problems, he was still happy and smiled at life. In 2006, Huang Yongyu donated (捐赠) a 68 (person) art museum in Jishou University for free, which is in western Hunan, near his hometown. Almost 200 pieces of works and collections from him 69 (show) there. Of course, the 70 (famous) work of Huang’s, Shangui, is in the museum. He wrote in a poem, “My type (类型) of blood is O, which fits everyone; my heart, only my heart, dear hometown, it’s yours…”
What’s more, Huang Yongyu was still planning a new painting at the age of 99. How much he loves painting!
【答案】
61．was 62．As 63．an 64．writer 65．by 66．him 67．Although/Though 68．personal 69．were shown/are shown 70．most famous
【导语】本文介绍了黄永玉的生平。
61．句意：黄永玉，笔名黄牛，湖南常德人，2023年去世。主语是Huang Yongyu单数，描述过去的事，用过去式，故填was。
62．句意：作为一位伟大的艺术家，他对中国的艺术产生了很大的影响。根据“a great artist”可知是指作为一位伟大的艺术家，as“作为”，故填As。
63．句意：出生于1924年的他有着不同寻常的人生。此处表泛指，unusual是以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
64．句意：在大学教书之前，他在工厂当过工人，在小学当过老师，甚至当过作家。根据“even a”可知此处是单数名词writer“作家”，故填writer。
65．句意：与其他职业画家不同，黄在战时自学，从木雕做起。根据“Huang studied…himself during the period of war”可知是指黄在战时自学，by himself“靠他自己”，故填by。
66．句意：当他成名后，他的叔叔沈从文建议他搬到北京，在学院教木雕。动词advised后接宾格him。故填him。
67．句意：虽然他遇到了成百上千的问题，但是他仍然很快乐，对生活微笑着。根据“he met hundreds of problems, he was still happy and smiled at life”可知此处是指虽然他遇到了成百上千的问题，但是他仍然很快乐，Although/Though“虽然”，故填Although/Though。
68．句意：2006年，黄永玉在吉首大学无偿捐赠了一座个人美术馆，这座美术馆位于湘西，靠近他的家乡。此空需要形容词personal“个人的”作定语。故填personal。
69．句意：那里展出了他的近200件作品和收藏品。主语“works and collections”与“show”之间存在被动关系，需用结构be done，此处的时态可以为一般过去时/一般现在时。主语是复数，be动词用were/are。故填were shown/are shown。
70．句意：当然，黄最著名的作品《山鬼》就在博物馆里。结合空前的the以及“of Huang’s”可知此处需用最高级，故填most famous。
（2024·福建漳州·一模）
阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Before the invention of paper, what did the ancient Chinese mainly write on The answer is bamboo slips. They were one of the 71 (early) forms of books in China. People usually wrote on them vertically. Restoring (保存) old bamboo slips is very important 72 they can help solve puzzles in history. Fang Beisong 73 (be) a researcher in the field of bamboo slip restoration. He has been restoring old books since 1988. He now works at the Jingzhou Conservation Institute in Hubei province.
A few years ago, some bamboo slips from the Han dynasty were found in Hebei. The writing on 74 (they) was not clear. Even worse, they had been burned 75 grave robbers (盗墓者). With a slight touch, they would fall apart. Fang led his team to test more than 70 76 (way) of restoration. Finally, they found 77 special material to help them restore the slips’ flexibility (柔韧性). They 78 (careful) cleaned the slips and restored them to the original shape. They then sealed (密封) them before 79 (take) some other steps. With the help of special modern technology, they 80 (get) clear pictures of the writing on the bamboo slips.
“We don’t want to lose the writing from ancient times,” said Fang. “Neither do we want to forget our history. That is why we love our work!”
【答案】
71．earliest 72．because 73．is 74．them 75．by 76．ways 77．a 78．carefully 79．taking 80．got
【导语】本文主要介绍了竹简的修复过程。
71．句意：它们是中国最早的书籍形式之一。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数表示 “最……之一”，故此处early应用最高级earliest。故填earliest。
72．句意：修复旧竹简是非常重要的，因为它们可以帮助解开历史上的谜题。根据“Restoring (保存) old bamboo slips is very important ... they can help solve puzzles in history.”可知，前后句为因果关系，前果后因，故应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
73．句意：方北松是竹简修复领域的研究人员。根据“He now works at the Jingzhou Conservation Institute in Hubei province.”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语“Fang Beisong”为单数，故be动词用is。故填is。
74．句意：上面的字写得不清楚。on为介词，they应用宾格them。故填them。
75．句意：更糟糕的是，它们被盗墓者焚烧。根据“Even worse, they had been burned ... grave robbers (盗墓者).”可知，盗墓者是焚烧竹简的动作发出者，故此处应用介词by。故填by。
76．句意：方带领他的团队测试了70多种修复方法。根据“more than 70”可知，名词way应用复数ways。故填ways。
77．句意：最后，他们找到了一种特殊的材料来帮助他们恢复竹简的灵活性。根据“special material”可知，此处泛指一种特殊材料，且special以辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a。故填a。
78．句意：他们仔细地清洗了这些竹简，并把它们恢复到原来的形状。修饰动词cleaned应用careful的副词carefully修饰。故填carefully。
79．句意：在采取其他措施之前，他们把它们密封起来。before为介词，后用动名词taking。故填taking。
80．句意：在特殊的现代技术的帮助下，他们对竹简上的文字进行了清晰的拍摄。根据“They then sealed (密封) them ...”判断，时态为一般过去时，动词应用过去式；get的过去式为got。故填got。
（2024·四川自贡·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The topic of this programme is environmental protection. We human beings 81 (do) a lot of things at the cost of the environment to develop economy quickly in the past few years. I do think it is time for us to understand the 82 (important) of protecting the environment and do something about it. And today I would like 83 (introduce) some simple but useful ways that we can follow 84 (easy) in our daily life. Firstly, turn 85 lights if it is unnecessary. Then, go out in environment—friendly ways such as by bus, by subway or by bike. We can even walk to work when possible, 86 it is really helpful for both of our body and health. Thirdly, try our best to 87 (use) things like books, paper, magazines and so on. And we can also take a cloth bag when we go 88 (shop). Please don’t use plastic ones. Of course the public should raise environmental awareness and realize it is 89 (everyone) duty to protect the environment. Last but not least, the government should make laws to guide people’s 90 (behave).
【答案】
81．have done 82．importance 83．to introduce 84．easily 85．off 86．because 87．reuse 88．shopping 89．everyone’s 90．behavior
【导语】本文主要讲述了我们如何从小事中做起来保护环境。
81．句意：在过去的几年里，为了经济的快速发展，我们人类做了很多以环境为代价的事情。根据“in the past few years”可知，时态为现在完成时，其结构是“have/has done”，do的过去分词是done，主语We human beings为复数，助动词用have。故填have done。
82．句意：我确实认为是时候让我们了解保护环境的重要性，并为此做些什么。the importance of…“……的重要性”，固定短语。故填importance。
83．句意：今天我想介绍一些简单但有用的方法，我们可以在日常生活中很容易地遵循。would like to do sth.“愿意做某事”，应用动词不定式。故填to introduce。
84．句意：今天我想介绍一些简单但有用的方法，我们可以在日常生活中很容易地遵循。空处应用副词easily“容易地”修饰动词“容易地”。故填easily。
85．句意：首先，关掉不必要的灯。根据“if it is unnecessary”可知，不必要的灯要关掉，turn off“关掉”，固定短语。故填off。
86．句意：如果可能的话，我们甚至可以走路去上班，因为这对我们的身体和健康都很有帮助。“it is really helpful for both of our body and health.”是“We can even walk to work when possible”的原因，应用because“因为”连接。故填because。
87．句意：第三，尽量重复使用书籍、纸张、杂志等。根据“books, paper, magazines and so on”可知此处指重复利用，reuse“重复使用”；try one’s best to do sth.“尽力做某事”，空处用动词原形。故填reuse。
88．句意：我们也可以在购物时带一个布袋。go shopping“去购物”，固定短语。故填shopping。
89．句意：当然，公众应该提高环境意识，认识到保护环境是每个人的责任。空处缺少名词所有格修饰名词duty，everyone’s duty“每个人的职责”。故填everyone’s。
90．句意：最后但同样重要的是，政府应该制定法律来指导人们的行为。根据“people’s...”可知，此处是指人们的行为，应用名词behavior“行为”，为不可数名词。故填behavior。
（2024·广东深圳·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空格中填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。
Once there was a man who had four sons. The sons never stopped quarreling 91 one another. He was always telling them how much easier life would be if they worked together, but they 92 (take) absolutely no notice of him. One day he decided 93 (show) them what he meant. He called all the sons together and put a tightly tied bundle (捆) of sticks on the floor in front of them.
“Can you break that ” he asked the 94 (young) son. The boy put his knee on the bundle but though he pressed and pulled with 95 (he) arms he could not bend the wood. The father asked each son in turn to try to break the bundle, but none of them could do it.
Then he untied 96 string and scattered (打散) the sticks.
“Now try,” he said. The boys broke the sticks in their 97 (hand) easily.
“Do you see 98 I mean ” asked the father, “if you stand together, you can not 99 (hurt) by anyone. If you all disagree the whole time and insist (坚持) on going your ways 100 (separate), the first enemy you meet will be able to destroy you.” United we stand, divided we fall.
【答案】
91．with 92．took 93．to show 94．youngest 95．his 96．the 97．hands 98．what 99．be hurt 100．separately
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位父亲用一捆棍子不会被轻易折断而一根棍子轻易会被折断这一事例告诉他的四个儿子什么是团结，即合则存，分则败。
91．句意：儿子们之间的争吵从未停止过。根据“quarreling...one another”可知，quarrel with sb.“与某人争吵”。故填with。
92．句意：他总是告诉他们，如果他们一起工作，生活会轻松得多，但他们完全不理会他。根据“was”可知，句子为一般过去时，故此处应用过去式，take的过去式为took。故填took。
93．句意：有一天，他决定让他们明白他的意思。根据“decided”可知，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。故填to show。
94．句意：“你能折断这个吗？ ”他问最小的儿子。根据“he asked the...son”可知，此处表示“最小的儿子”，应用最高级youngest。故填youngest。
95．句意：男孩把膝盖放在那捆棍子上，但尽管他用胳膊又压又拉，他还是不能把棍子弄弯。根据“arms”可知，空格处应用形容词性物主代词，his“他的”。故填his。
96．句意：然后他解开绳子，把棍子打散了。根据“He called all the sons together and put a tightly tied bundle (捆) of sticks on the floor in front of them”和“Then he untied...string”可知，是解开了绳子，表特指，应用the修饰。故填the。
97．句意：男孩们轻而易举地折断了手中的棍子。根据“in their”可知，此处应用名词的复数形式，hand“手”，其复数为hands。故填hands。
98．句意：你们明白我的意思吗？根据“Do you see...I mean”可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句缺宾语，表示“话”，应用what。故填what。
99．句意：如果你们站在一起，就不会受到任何人的伤害。根据“you can not...by anyone”可知，“you”和“hurt”为被动关系，由于此处有情态动词can，故表被动应用be hurt。故填be hurt。
100．句意：如果你们一直不同意，并坚持各自走自己的路，你遇到的第一个敌人将能够摧毁你。根据“If you all disagree the whole time and insist (坚持) on going your ways”可知，空格处修饰going your ways，应用副词。故填separately。
（2024·贵州黔东南·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A wealthy old man lived alone in a big house, he was growing 101 (weak) day by day. Since he was unable to look after 102 (him) , he decided to hire (雇佣) a nurse to take care 103 him.
One day, the old man interviewed two 104 (nurse) —Anthony and Peter. Anthony was a handsome young man while Peter looked quite ordinary. The old man asked Anthony to make tea for him. After Anthony left, the old man turned to Peter and said, “Anthony has 105 (give) me a very bad account of you. He said you are rude and untrustworthy. Is this correct ”
Peter thought for a minute and said, “ 106 Anthony has a bad opinion of me, there must be something wrong with me. I should take some time to change these things.”
The old man was very impressed by Peter’s words. At the same time, Anthony came back with 107 cup of tea for the old man.
The old man sent Peter to make breakfast for him. He then returned to Anthony and told him. “Peter spoke very poorly of you while you were gone. 108 do you think about this ”After hearing this, Anthony shouted 109 (angry) .
In the end, Peter 110 (choose) . Peter looked quite common, but he had impressive inner beauty.
【答案】
101．weaker 102．himself 103．of 104．nurses 105．given 106．If 107．a 108．What 109．angrily 110．was chosen
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个富有的老人面试两个护士的故事。
101．句意：一个富有的老人独自住在一座大房子里，他的身体一天比一天更虚弱。根据“He was growing…day by day.”可知，空处应填weak的形容词比较级形式weaker“更虚弱”，句中作表语。故填weaker。
102．句意：由于他无法自己照顾自己，他决定雇佣一个护士来照顾他。根据“Since he was unable to look after…”可知，空处应填him的反身代词himself“他自己”，作look after的宾语。故填himself。
103．句意：由于他无法自己照顾自己，他决定雇佣一个护士来照顾他。根据“take care…him.”可知，此处是一个常用动词短语take care of sb“照顾某人”。故填of。
104．句意：有一天，老人面试了两个护士——安东尼和彼得。根据“two”可知，two后接可数名词的复数形式，空处应填nurse的名词复数形式nurses“护士”。故填nurses。
105．句意：安东尼离开后，老人转向彼得说：“安东尼给我对你的评价很差。他说你粗鲁而且不可信。这是真的吗？” 根据“has”和句意可知，此处老人说的应是安东尼已经给我了评价，是现在完成时has done的形式，空处应填give的过去分词形式given“给”。故填given。
106．句意：彼得思考了一分钟，然后说：“如果安东尼对我有一个不好的看法，肯定是我有问题。我应该花些时间来改变这些事情。” 根据“‘…Anthony has a bad opinion of me, there must be something wrong with me. I should take some time to change these things.’”可知，此处应使用if“如果”引导条件状语从句，位于句首的单词首字母需大写。故填If。
107．句意：与此同时，安东尼拿着给老人的一杯茶回来了。根据“…cup of tea”可知，此处应是a cup of tea“一杯茶”。故填a。
108．句意：然后他回到安东尼那里告诉他：“你离开的时候彼得对你说了很不好的话。你对此怎么看？” 根据“…do you think about this ”可知，此处应是询问安东尼对此怎么看，应用疑问句what进行提问，位于句首的单词首字母需大写。故填What。
109．句意：听到这里，安东尼愤怒地叫喊。根据“After hearing this, Anthony shouted…”可知，空处应填angry的副词形式angrily“愤怒地”，句中修饰动词shouted。故填angrily。
110．句意：最后，彼得被选择了。根据“Peter…”可知，choose与主语Peter构成被动的关系，且表示过去发生的事件，因此使用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为主语+was/were+done，Peter为第三人称单数，空处应填was chosen。故填was chosen。
（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nowadays many people get used to 111 (waste) things, especially young people. In the school, waste can be seen everywhere. Some students ask 112 more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights before they leave the classroom.
Waste can bring 113 number of problems. Someone says China is rich in some resources (资源), such as coal, oil, trees and so on. Some people even say “How rich our country is!” But actually, we 114 (have) no coal or oil to use in 100 years if we go on wasting. We really feel 115 (worry) about what we can use in the future. We can’t imagine how we can go on living without these resources. Think about it 116 (care). I think we should say “no” to the students who waste things every day.
In our daily lives, we can do things 117 (stop) waste from happening. For example, we should turn off taps (水龙头) after using them. Don’t throw away the used paper 118 we can recycle it. Let’s start with small things from now on. Little by little, everything will be changed. Waste can be stopped one day if we do our 119 (best). Nature will be more harmonious (和谐的) and 120 (we) country will become more and more beautiful.
【答案】
111．wasting 112．for 113．a 114．will have 115．worried 116．carefully 117．to stop 118．because 119．best 120．our
【导语】本文主要介绍了现在年轻人浪费的现象以及为了停止浪费，我们可以做的事情。
111．句意：现在很多人习惯浪费东西，尤其是年轻人。get used to doing sth“习惯做某事”，因此填动名词wasting。故填wasting。
112．句意：有些学生要求的食物比他们能吃的还多，有些学生经常忘记在离开教室前关灯。ask for“要求”，固定短语。故填for。
113．句意：浪费会带来很多问题。a number of“很多”，固定短语。故填a。
114．句意：但是实际上，如果我们继续浪费，100年后我们就没有煤或者石油可用了。if引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时，结构是will do。故填will have。
115．句意：我们真得很担心我们将来能用什么。空处应填形容词worried“担心的”作表语。故填worried。
116．句意：认真想一下。空处应填副词carefully修饰动词短语think about。故填carefully。
117．句意：在我们日常生活中，我们可以做些事情阻止浪费的发生。做事情的目的是阻止浪费的发生，空处应填不定式表目的。故填to stop。
118．句意：不要扔掉用过的纸，因为我们可以重复使用。空处所在句存在因果关系，后句是因，前句是果，所以用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
119．句意：如果我们尽我们最大努力，就可以停止浪费。do one’s best“尽某人最大努力”。故填best。
120．句意：自然会更和谐，我们的国家会越来越美丽。空处应填形容词性物主代词our修饰名词country。故填our。
（2024·浙江金华·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给词的正确形式。
I’m a bit of an airplane fan. For the past few years, I 121 (have) many model planes on my desk at work. You can imagine my joy when I had the chance to experience the first flight of C919 jet yesterday. Luckily, I got one just before the tickets 122 (sell) out.
Before boarding, I found that almost every one of the 160 123 (passenger) walked around the plane to celebrate this historic moment. They got 124 (excited) than ever before and some began to take selfies (自拍). 125 happy they were!
The excitement continued on board as the C919 took off. A special breakfast was served: Shanghai noodles, some White Rabbit milk 126 a special dessert with a “World’s First C919” logo on it. It was 127 pretty short flight, about 2.5 hours from Shanghai to Chengdu. Soon we landed at our destination, and we cheered 128 (loud). Almost everyone seemed overjoyed to have taken part 129 such a proud moment for China.
Now I’m looking forward to 130 (see) what new planes COMAC (中国商飞公司) has planned for the future. I can’t wait to see them take on Airbus and Boeing!
【答案】
121．have had 122．sold 123．passengers 124．more excited 125．How 126．and 127．a 128．loudly 129．in 130．seeing
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者是一个飞机迷，在体验中国首架自主研发的C919客机的首飞时深受触动。
121．句意：在过去的几年里，我在工作的桌子上放了许多模型飞机。根据“For the past few years”可知，句子是现在完成时，结合句子主语“I”可知，助动词应用have。故填have had。
122．句意：幸运的是，我在票售罄前买到了一张。空格处应填一个动词作从句的谓语，结合空前“the tickets”及提示词“sell”可知，此处应用主动语态表示被动含义，且根据“I got one”可知，句子是一般过去时，所以动词要用一般过去式。故填sold。
123．句意：登机前，我发现机上160名乘客几乎每个人都绕着飞机走了一圈，庆祝这一历史性时刻。空格处应填一个名词，结合空前“one of”可知，此处应用复数名词。故填passengers。
124．句意：他们比以往任何时候都更加兴奋，有些人开始自拍。空格处应填一个形容词作表语，结合空后“than ever before”可知，此处要用形容词的比较级。故填more excited。
125．句意：他们是多么开心啊！此句是感叹句，结合主体词“happy”为形容词可知，应用how引导感叹句，且句首首字母大写。故填How。
126．句意：会上提供了一份特别的早餐：上海面、一些大白兔奶和一份印有“世界第一架C919”标志的特别甜点。此处是在列举早餐种类，所以用并列连词and表示“和”。故填and。
127．句意：从上海到成都的飞行时间很短，大约2.5小时。此处表示泛指，结合空后“pretty”以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a表示“一”。故填a。
128．句意：很快我们就到了目的地，我们大声欢呼起来。根据空前“cheered”为动词可知，空格处应填一个副词。故填loudly。
129．句意：几乎每个人都为参加这样一个中国值得骄傲的时刻而欣喜若狂。此处考查take part in表示“参加”，为固定搭配。故填in。
130．句意：现在我很期待看到中国商飞公司为未来计划的新飞机。look forward to表示“期待”，后接动词ing形式。故填seeing。
（2024·河北承德·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词(有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式)。
When I was walking down the street, I was stopped by 131 old man who couldn’t open a picture message that his daughter had sent. He asked me 132 help. However, as he didn’t have a smart phone, he couldn’t look at it. He was sad and went on to tell me that it was some pictures of his grandson who he hadn’t seen yet.
So I 133 (send) the message to my phone and downloaded (下载) the pictures. He was so excited to see his grandson’s photos for the 134 (one) time. I could see his love through his 135 (eye). Then I asked 136 (he) to wait for me patiently there. A few minutes later, I returned 137 (quick) with the printed pictures for him. He looked very happy and gave me twenty yuan, 138 I refused. It was just a small action.
Sometimes our kind acts may be 139 (small) than other things, but it is really 140 (help) to others.
【答案】
131．an 132．for 133．sent 134．first 135．eyes 136．him 137．quickly 138．but 139．smaller 140．helpful
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者帮助一位老人看其孙子照片的故事。
131．句意：当我走在街上时，一位老人拦住了我，他无法打开他女儿发来的图片信息。此处泛指“一个老人”，old以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
132．句意：他向我寻求帮助。ask sb. for help“向某人寻求帮助”。故填for。
133．句意：所以我把信息发到手机上，并下载了图片。本文时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填sent。
134．句意：第一次看到孙子的照片，他非常兴奋。for the first time“第一次”。故填first。
135．句意：我可以通过他的眼睛看到他的爱。此处指“他的双眼”，用名词复数。故填eyes。
136．句意：然后我让他耐心地在那里等我。此处作动词的宾语用代词宾格him。故填him。
137．句意：几分钟后，我很快带着打印好的照片回来了。此处修饰动词用副词。故填quickly。
138．句意：他看起来很高兴，给了我二十块钱，但我拒绝了。前后两句是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。
139．句意：有时，我们的善意行为可能比其他事情小，但它确实对他人有帮助。根据“than”可知此处用比较级。故填smaller。
140．句意：有时，我们的善意行为可能比其他事情小，但它确实对他人有帮助。作be动词的表语用形容词helpful“有帮助的”。故填helpful。
（2023·浙江湖州·中考真题）
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
The traditional Chinese calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms (节气). Thousands of years ago, they 141 (create) to help with farming, but the solar term culture is still very 142 (use) today to people’s life. Grain Buds is 143 eighth solar term of a year. It means that the seeds from the grain are becoming full but are not ripe. This year Grain Buds falls 144 May 21st, and lasts 16 days. Here are some things you may not know about Grain Buds.
A good season for eating fish
A saying about rain during this time says, “A heavy rainfall makes the river full. “Because of a lot of rain, rivers are full of water and a great number of fish. You can’t miss the chance 145 (enjoy) them. Also, it is such a golden season for 146 (fisherman)!
Suggestions on health
Wet and hot days 147 (be) common in this season. It may make you get skin illnesses easily. It is necessary to take more exercise. Walking, jogging and practicing tai chi are popular.
A key period for flower caring
It is a good period for flowers to grow 148 (rapid). Caring for your garden becomes even 149 (important) than any other time. 150 you take good care of them, your plants will be healthier.
【答案】
141．were created 142．useful 143．the 144．on 145．to enjoy 146．fishermen 147．are 148．rapidly 149．more important 150．If
【导语】本文介绍了小满这个节气。
141．句意：几千年前，人们创造节气是为了帮助农业，但是节气文化在今天对人们的生活仍然非常有用。they指代“24 solar terms”，与动词create之间是被动关系，结合“Thousands of years ago”可知，此处用一般过去时被动语态，根据they可知，助动词用were，故填were created。
142．句意：几千年前，人们创造节气是为了帮助农业，但是节气文化在今天对人们的生活仍然非常有用。is后接形容词作表语，useful“有用的”，故填useful。
143．句意：小满是一年中的第八个节气。序数词eighth前要加the，故填the。
144．句意：今年的小满落在5月21日，持续16天。“May 21st”是具体的一天，时间介词用on，故填on。
145．句意：你不能错过享受它们的机会。此空作名词chance的定语，应填动词不定式，故填to enjoy。
146．句意：此外，这也是渔民的黄金季节。fisherman“渔民”，可数名词，此空应填复数形式表示泛指，故填fishermen。
147．句意：潮湿和炎热的天气在这个季节很常见。此句是一般现在时，and连接并列主语，be动词用are，故填are。
148．句意：这是花卉快速生长的好时期。此空修饰动词grow，应该填副词rapidly“迅速地”，故填rapidly。
149．句意：照料你的花园变得比任何时候都更重要。根据than可知，此空应填比较级，故填more important。
150．句意：如果你好好照顾它们，你的植物会更健康。“you take good care of them”是“your plants will be healthier”的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句，故填if。
（2023·四川甘孜·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Long long ago, there lived a giraffe in the forest. He was 151 (tall) of all the animals, so he was very proud and always laughed at 152 (other). A monkey decided 153 (teach) the giraffe a lesson.
One day, the monkey 154 (take) the giraffe to a tree. He said to the giraffe, “Look at the tall tree. There’s some lovely fruit 155 (grow) on the tree. But you won’t be able to pick it.” The giraffe said, “It is impossible. Just watch me.” He tried to pick the fruit again and again. However, the fruit was still out of reach. “I said you couldn’t reach it, 156 I can,” said the monkey. Then, the monkey jumped on to the giraffe’s neck. He reached out his arm and picked the fruit 157 (successful). The monkey said, “You could not pick the fruit by yourself. I could not do it by 158 (I), either. But we can do it together. As an old saying goes, two heads are 159 (good) than one. Everyone plays 160 important role in the world. So don’t be so proud in the future.”
【答案】
151．the tallest 152．others 153．to teach 154．took 155．growing 156．but 157．successfully 158．myself 159．better 160．an
【导语】本文主要讲述了自负的长颈鹿被猴子教训的事。
151．句意：他是所有动物中最高的，所以他非常骄傲，总是嘲笑别人。根据“of all the animals”可知此处应用形容词最高级，前面通常加the。故填the tallest。
152．句意：他是所有动物中最高的，所以他非常骄傲，总是嘲笑别人。other表示“其他的”，此处是指长颈鹿嘲笑其他人，应用others。故填others。
153．句意：一只猴子决定教训长颈鹿。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，是固定短语，故填to teach。
154．句意：一天，猴子把长颈鹿带到一棵树上。根据“He said to the giraffe”可知本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填took。
155．句意：树上长着一些可爱的水果。grow是动词，此处动词应用现在分词作后置定语修饰，故填growing。
156．句意：我说你够不着，但我可以。前后是转折关系，应用but连接，故填but。
157．句意：他伸出手臂成功地摘下了水果。successful是形容词，此处修饰动词，应用副词successfully。故填successfully。
158．句意：我自己也做不到。by oneself“独自”，是固定短语，I的反身代词为myself，故填myself。
159．句意：俗话说得好，三个臭皮匠胜过一个诸葛亮。根据“than”可知应用比较级，故填better。
160．句意：每个人在这个世界上都扮演着重要的角色。play an important role“扮演重要角色”，是固定短语，故填an。
（2023·湖北襄阳·中考真题）
阅读下面的短文，在短文空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式，使短文的意思完整，并将所填答案填写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。
Did ancient people plant trees They didn’t have a special day to plant trees like Tree Planting Day, 161 the tradition of planting trees has been there for a long time. Back then, it was always 162 (rain) around the Qingming Festival in spring. The trees that were planted around this time had better conditions to grow than usual, so people formed the custom of planting trees around the Qingming Festival.
There were many kinds of trees. However, mulberry trees (桑树) and fruit trees were 163 (popular) of all. To feed the silkworms (蚕), more mulberry leaves 164 (need). Silk came from the silkworms, and then was made into silk clothes and traded between the east and the west of the world. Among the ancient people who suggested 165 (get) trees to offer food and clothes, there was a man whose name is well-known, Mencius (孟子).
Dong Feng, a famous doctor in the Three Kingdom Period (三国时期), saved many 166 (patient) lives for free. He only asked them to plant apricot trees (杏树) on a hill. Gradually, a forest of apricot trees grew on 167 hill. That’s why we now praise a doctor who has excellent skills with the words “warmth in an apricot forest.”
Each dynasty has different tree planting projects. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty 168 (person) planted a ginkgo tree (银杏树) in a temple in Chang’an. 1,400 years later, the ginkgo tree is still growing. So far, the temple 169 (become) a popular place for tourists.
So, 170 Tree Planting Day next year, do you want to plant a tree with your wishes on it
【答案】
161．but 162．rainy 163．the most popular 164．were needed 165．getting 166．patients’ 167．the 168．personally 169．has become 170．on
【导语】本文主要介绍了古代人的种树传统。
161．句意：他们没有像植树节这样的特殊植树日，但植树的传统已经存在很长时间了。前后两句是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。
162．句意：那时，春天的清明节前后总是下雨。作be动词的表语用形容词rainy“下雨的”。故填rainy。
163．句意：然而，桑树和果树是最受欢迎的。根据“of all”可知此处用最高级most popular，最高级前加定冠词the。故填the most popular。
164．句意：喂蚕需要更多的桑叶。主语more mulberry leaves和谓语need之间是被动关系，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，be动词用were。故填were needed。
165．句意：在古代人们建议用树来提供食物和衣服的人中，有一个人的名字很有名，他就是孟子。suggest doing sth.“建议做某事”。故填getting。
166．句意：三国时期的名医董峰免费挽救了许多病人的生命。根据“many...lives”可知此处用名词复数的所有格patients’“病人的”修饰名词。故填patients’。
167．句意：渐渐地，山上长出了一片杏树林。此处特指前文提到的山，用定冠词the。故填the。
168．句意：唐太宗李世民亲自在长安的一座寺庙里种了一棵银杏树。此处修饰动词planted用副词personally“亲自”。故填personally。
169．句意：到目前为止，这座寺庙已成为游客的热门景点。根据“So far”可知句子用现在完成时，主语是the temple，助动词用has。故填has become。
170．句意：在明年的植树节，你想种一棵带着你愿望的树吗？空后是具体某一天，用介词on。故填on。
（2023·湖南湘潭·中考真题）
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案转写在答题卡上。
Qi Baishi is a world-famous art master in China.
He was born in 171 poor family from Xiangtan, Hunan province. He was at school for less than a year because 172 illnesses. One day, he found a Chinese painting guide book—Jieziyuan Huapu. The book inspired his interests in painting 173 (picture). He decided 174 (learn) by himself and later became a master of art through his hard work. In 1902, he 175 (start) to travel around China. He visited famous places, met many people and saw different kinds of art pieces. These experiences helped him become one of the 176 (good) artists of all time.
177 (He) paintings are generally about the small things of the world, such as fish, shrimps (虾) and frogs. “Mouse and Cat with Lamp” is one of them. In the picture, a mouse is standing on the top of a long pole (杆子). Under the pole is a cat. They are so lively 178 it looks like they would jump out of the paper to fight.
All the works 179 (create) by Qi Baishi in a fresh way, which expressed his love for nature and life. His talents and skills amazed the whole world a lot. He is 180 (real) a master of art and the pride of Xiangtan.
【答案】
171．a 172．of 173．pictures 174．to learn 175．started 176．best 177．His 178．that 179．were created 180．really
【导语】本文主要介绍了著名画家齐白石。
171．句意：他出生在湖南湘潭的一个贫困家庭。此处泛指“一个贫穷的家庭”，poor以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
172．句意：由于生病，他在学校待了不到一年。because of“因为”。故填of。
173．句意：这本书激发了他绘画的兴趣。此处表示泛指用名词复数pictures“图片”。故填pictures。
174．句意：他决定自学，后来通过努力成为了一名艺术大师。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。故填to learn。
175．句意：1902年，他开始周游中国。根据“In 1902”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式started“开始”。故填started。
176．句意：这些经历帮助他成为有史以来最优秀的艺术家之一。one of the+最高级+名词复数“最……的……之一”。故填best。
177．句意：他的画一般都是关于世界上的小东西，比如鱼、虾和青蛙。修饰名词用形容词性物主代词his“他的”。故填His。
178．句意：它们是如此的生机勃勃，看起来它们会跳出纸来打架。根据“so lively...it looks like...”可知此处是so...that“如此……以至于”。故填that。
179．句意：所有的作品都是齐白石以新鲜的方式创作的，表达了他对自然和生命的热爱。主语all the works和谓语create“创造”之间是被动关系，根据“expressed”可知此处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were created。
180．句意：他真是艺术大师，湘潭人的骄傲。此处指“他真的是一名艺术大师”，用副词really。故填really。
（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）
根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。
Deng Qingming is one of the three Chinese astronauts carrying out China’s Shenzhou-15 spaceship mission. He 181 (final) got the chance to go to space after nearly 25 years of preparation.
Deng was born in a village in Jiangxi Province in 1966. As his 182 (parent) both worked in the fields, he had to look after his younger brothers and sisters. At that time, his dream was to go to college and find a job 183 (support) his family.
Deng 184 (be) a member of the PLA Air Force (空军) since 1984. When he left his village that year, his friends came to say goodbye to him. He was deeply touched and decided to work hard. Years of hard 185 (train) made him an excellent pilot, and he was chosen as one of the 186 (one) group of Chinese astronauts in 1998.
For a long time, Deng served as a backup (后备) astronaut. His road to space was 187 (long) than that of his teammates. He spent almost all of his time preparing and waiting and he 188 (give) the chance to travel to space in the end.
Besides that, Deng’s wife supported him a lot. She 189 (take) care of the whole family and never complained. “You’ve set an example to 190 (we) daughter and we are proud of you,” she told him.
After a long wait, he flew into space by Shenzhou-15 spaceship in November 2022 at last. Twenty-five years was quite a long time, but Deng never gave up. Whenever the nation needs him, he is always waiting there, ready to take on any challenge.
【答案】
181．finally 182．parents 183．to support 184．has been 185．training 186．first 187．longer 188．was given 189．took 190．our
【导语】句意：本文主要介绍了宇航员邓清明的经历。
181．句意：经过近25年的准备，他终于有机会进入太空。此处用副词修饰动词，final的副词形式finally，意为“最终”。故填finally。
182．句意：由于他的父母都在地里干活，他不得不照顾弟弟妹妹。根据“both”可知此处用复数形式parents。故填parents。
183．句意：那时，他的梦想是上大学，找份工作养家。养家是找工作的目的，用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to support。
184．句意：邓自1984年以来一直是中国人民解放军空军的一员。根据“since 1984”可知用现在完成时，区域“Deng”后接助动词has，be的过去分词形式been。故填has been。
185．句意：多年的艰苦训练使他成为一名优秀的飞行员，并于1998年被选为中国首批宇航员之一。hard是形容词，其后接名词，train的名词形式training，意为“训练”，不可数名词。故填training。
186．句意：多年的艰苦训练使他成为一名优秀的飞行员，并于1998年被选为中国首批宇航员之一。定冠词the后接one的序数词形式first，意为“第一”。故填first。
187．句意：他的太空之路比他的队友要长。than前用形容词比较级longer表示“更长的”。故填longer。
188．句意：他几乎把所有的时间都花在准备和等待上，最终他得到了去太空旅行的机会。主语“he”与动词give之间是动宾关系，结合“spent”可知用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were done，主语he后用be动词was，give的过去分词given。故填was given。
189．句意：她照顾全家，从不抱怨。根据“complained”可知用一般过去时，take的过去式took。故填took。
190．句意：“你为我们的女儿树立了榜样，我们为你感到骄傲，”她告诉他。daughter前用we的形容词性物主代词our表示“我们的”。故填our。
（2023·湖北恩施·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式（不超过3词）。
The Duanwu Festival is also called the Dragon Boat Festival. It is a traditional holiday with a history of more than 2,000 years in China. It is on the 191 (five) day of lunar May every year.
There are many 192 (story) about the origin (起源) of this festival. Among them, the following one about Qu Yuan is the most 193 (wide) accepted.
Qu Yuan was 194 great poet and good official. He loved his country deeply. He 195 (jump) into Miluo River after his country’s being defeated. People threw a kind of food named zongzi into the river to feed the fish in order that they wouldn’t eat Qu’s body.
Now on the Dragon Boat Festival, Chinese people enjoy a one-day holiday 196 (remember) Qu Yuan. People have different activities, including 197 (eat) zongzi and having dragon boat races and so on. The dragon boat races are the most 198 (excite) part of the festival. All the teams practice so hard 199 they can become the winners.
Many western countries 200 (hold) dragon boat races every year, like Sweden, Canada and the USA．The Duanwu Festival is becoming more and more popular around the world.
【答案】
191．fifth 192．stories 193．widely 194．a 195．jumped 196．to remember 197．eating 198．exciting 199．that 200．hold
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了端午节的由来及传统习俗。
191．句意：它在每年的农历五月初五。five“五”，基数词，此处表日期，应用其序数词fifth。故填fifth。
192．句意：关于这个节日的起源有很多故事。story“故事”，可数名词，被many修饰，用其复数形式。故填stories。
193．句意：其中，以下关于屈原的说法是最被广泛接受的。wide“宽的”，形容词，此处应用其副词widely“广泛地”，修饰动词accept。故填widely。
194．句意：屈原是一位伟大的诗人和优秀的官员。此处泛指一位伟大的诗人，且great以辅音音素开头，其前应加不定冠词a。故填a。
195．句意：他的国家战败后，他跳进汨罗江。jump“跳”，动词。事情发生在过去，应为一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填jumped。
196．句意：现在端午节，中国人享受一天的假期来纪念屈原。remember“记得”，动词。人们端午节放一天假的目的是为了纪念屈原，应用不定式表目的。故填to remember。
197．句意：人们有不同的活动，包括吃粽子和赛龙舟等等。eat“吃”，动词。including是介词，其后应用动名词作宾语。故填eating。
198．句意：赛龙舟是这个节日中最令人兴奋的部分。excite“使兴奋”，动词。此处修饰龙舟赛，应用形容词exciting“令人兴奋的”作表语。故填exciting。
199．句意：所有的球队都努力训练，他们可以成为胜利者。本句是句式so…that…，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填that。
200．句意：许多西方国家每年都举办龙舟赛，如瑞典、加拿大和美国。hold“举办”，动词。根据“every year”可知，本句是一般现在时，主语是复数，谓语动词用其原形。故填hold。
（2023·浙江衢州·中考真题）
阅读下面材料，按照句子结构的语法情况和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。每空不超过两词。
Mr. Smith is our school gardener. He is 201 old man with a head of white hair. He works hard 202 (make) our school green and lively. No matter in the winter cold or in the summer heat, he is never late 203 work. He goes to work early in the morning and only leaves in the evening.
Every day, he 204 (wear) a grey hat and a pair of blue trousers. He cleans the leaves in the garden three 205 (time) a day. He also plants trees and waters flowers. When he is working, he is very serious. He even gets angry when we try to talk to 206 (he). He is always quiet during his working time.
207 , he becomes a different person after finishing all the work. He will talk to us about his family and friends 208 (happy). He always puts a smile on our faces, just like our dear grandfather.
Mr. Smith makes our school 209 (beautiful) than before and we are glad to have such a school gardener. He 210 (love) by everyone in our school.
【答案】
201．an 202．to make 203．for 204．wears 205．times 206．him 207．However 208．happily 209．more beautiful 210．is loved
【导语】本文主要介绍了作者学校的园丁——史密斯先生。
201．句意：他是个白发苍苍的老人。此处表示泛指，且old是以元音音素开头的，故填an。
202．句意：他努力工作，使我们的学校绿色和生气勃勃。“努力工作”的目的是为了“让学校变得好看”，所以用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to make。
203．句意：无论冬天寒冷还是夏天炎热，他上班从不迟到。be late for“迟到”，固定搭配，故填for。
204．句意：每天，他戴着一顶灰色的帽子和穿着一条蓝色的裤子。根据“Every day”可知，此句是一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数形式，动词用三单，故填wears。
205．句意：他一天三次清理花园里的树叶。three times a day“一天三次”，表示频率，故填times。
206．句意：当我们试图和他说话时，他甚至会生气。介词to后接宾格him，故填him。
207．句意：然而，在完成所有的工作后，他变成了一个不同的人。“he becomes a different person after finishing all the work”与前文是转折关系，此空后有逗号，应填副词however表示“然而”，故填However。
208．句意：他会愉快地和我们谈论他的家人和朋友。此空修饰动词talk，应填副词happily“开心地”，故填happily。
209．句意：史密斯先生使我们的学校比以前更美丽，我们很高兴有这样的学校园丁。make sth+形容词，表示“使某物……”，根据than可知，此空应填形容词比较级，故填more beautiful。
210．句意：他受到我们学校每个人的喜爱。根据by everyone可知，此处用被动语态，陈述事实用一般现在时，故此处应用一般现在时被动语态，主语he是第三人称单数形式，助动词用is，故填is loved。
（2023·吉林长春·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhang Yi is a Chinese reporter in Singapore. In 2022, a woman with grey hair living nearby visited him. The woman introduced 211 (she) as Sarah. She asked if Zhang could help look for her pen pal 212 was from China.
Duan Chun was Sarah’s first Chinese pen pal. They wrote a lot of letters and shared the colorful school lives sixty-one years ago. All the letters 213 (keep) by Sarah. They were full 214 her sweet memories. However, Sarah hadn’t received any letters from Duan for many years. It seemed impossible to find a person after such a long time, 215 专题21 语法填空
【题型解读】
语法填空题一共有10个空,其中有6~7个空考查实词,括号内有给出相关的词,另外的3~4个空为考查虚词,不给出相关的词。此题型主要考查学生对语法和词法知识的掌握和运用。要注意不同词性的构词法,学会分析空格里的词在句子中的成分也很重要。其考查形式分为给出提示词和不给出提示词两种：
1.给出提示词的考查内容包括：词性转换（如名词、动词、形容词与副词等的词性转换）；名词单、复数变化；形容词和副词的比较等级变化；动词的时态、语态以及非谓语动词等。
2.不给出提示词的考查内容包括：根据上下文语境填入冠词、副词、连词、代词及介词等。
【命题规律】
考查初中基本语法;
1.词法 2.时态 3.语态 4.句法
【解题技巧】
中考语法填空题的解题步骤：
1.若是短文语法填空，就读首段首句，预猜文章大意；（若猜不出文章大意，就快速浏览全文）；如果是单句，直接进第二步。
2.边读边认边填 ；（看要填的空有无提示词，有，是哪些词？用以上的方法去套用）
（1）考点分布一般比较均匀，除动词外，考点一般不重复。
【分配：名词 + 动词*2 + 形容词 + 副词 + 冠词 + 介词 + 连词 + 连接词 + 代词】
（2）有提示词均需要变形，且变形方向是固定的。因此想不出答案时可以根据考点依次带入排除。（比如3-4个无提示词的填空已经填入了冠词、介词、连词，则剩下的大概率是三大从句的连接词或者疑问词）
3.重读以检查核对。
语法填空：
1.对于括号内所给出单词的情况
要先从词性考虑,一般名词考查单数或复数形式和名词的所有格。人称代词考查主格,宾格,形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词和反身代词。形容词和副词考查三级的变化或它们之间的转换。动词考查时态,语态
和非谓语动词等用法。数词考查基数和序数的区别或复数的用法。
2.对于不给出词的情况
一般考查冠词,介词和连词。冠词要看后面名词的读音开头是否是元音,另外,是否是特指等情况。介词要记住固定的搭配。连词相对最难,要从上下文判断,特别是先判断是什么样的从句,另外,要根据句子的意思,句
子成分,时态等确定关联词。有时也可能考查到连接副词等。
（2024·辽宁大连·一模）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
Jin Ying, 25, is a lover of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). She took part in a three-month training course on acupuncture and tuina (针灸推拿) 1 2023 at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.
Jin’s life is different now. She 2 (change) her life habits since the training. For example, she avoids sweating (出汗) too much during exercise in winter 3 the cold of winter means people should slow down, according to TCM. For 4 (she), learning these skills and theories is not about becoming a TCM doctor but rather about embracing (拥抱) a new lifestyle.
She is not 5 unusual example of young people becoming interested in TCM. A survey by China Youth Daily showed that 93.3 percent of the 1,000 young people who took part had tried different TCM treatments.
“I have seen 6 (many) young people come to me for neck and back pains than before, which are usually related to the elderly,” said Ma Huifang, a TCM doctor at Guoyitang, a TCM hospital affiliated (附属) with Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.
Compared with Western medicine, TCM 7 (choose) by young people now “because of its efficacy (疗效),” according to Ma. Some people question why TCM treats the same 8 (ill) with different prescriptions (处方). “This is actually an advantage of TCM, rather than a shortcoming, as it can be a more accurate treatment (精准的治疗) for different patients,” Ma explained.
Younger age 9 (group) are embracing TCM, and, at the same time, TCM is also helping young people. As Jin noted, “It helps young people 10 (understand) Chinese medicine and learn why it is believed to be a treasure of our Chinese culture.”
（2024·辽宁大连·一模）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
The Horse-Face Skirt
Have you heard of the horse-face skirt This Chinese skirt dates back to the Song Dynasty (960-1279). The skirt has folds on both 11 (side). The two smooth panels (饰片) in the front overlap (交叠) each other, and so do the two smooth panels in the back. These overlaps leave openings in the front and back of the skirt.
In 2022, French fashion brand Dior 12 (copy) the design of the skirt. Many hanfu lovers began to spread the knowledge of the skirt. This helped more people learn about 13 (tradition) Chinese clothes. “For us, wearing the skirt is not just for fashion,” said Mao, one of the hanfu lovers. “It also shows our love for Chinese culture.” Mao said 14 (proud).
Recently, more attention 15 (give) to the skirt. Many famous Chinese people have worn it to international events. 16 during this past Spring Festival, lots of young people wore the skirt when they went on trips.
People in other countries like this skirt, too. Chinese clothing companies have gotten a lot of orders for it from abroad. 17 report studied how popular the skirt was among foreign users of Chinese short video platforms. What did the report find Last year, users from more than 90 countries and regions shared content about the skirt! This is a good example of Chinese culture going global (走向世界). And it is also a good way 18 (spread) Chinese culture.
Besides the skirt, “new Chinese-style clothes” is also a hot topic. These clothes add traditional Chinese elements (元素) 19 modern designs. They have won the hearts of many. All this shows that we are becoming much 20 (confident) in our own culture.
（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）
根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空使短文完整，每空词数不限。
Every year in March, the two sessions (两会) are held in Beijing. Government officals hold news conferences (新闻发布会) to give 21 (report) to the public. During this time, a lot of people pay attention to China, so interpreters (口译员) play a very 22 (importance) role at these news conferences.
Zhang Lu 23 (be) a professional interpreter for more than ten years. She usually interprets for top leaders, 24 (include) Premier Li Keqiang and former Premier Wen Jiabao. Zhang is 25 (know) for her translation of Chinese literary quotes (文学典故). How are interpreters like Zhang able to work so correctly and quickly
Their ability 26 (main) comes from hard work. Most of them majored in English in college and went through lots of training. To be a skillful interpreter, they never stop 27 (learn). According to China Radio International, the interpreters won’t know who they are going to interpret for until a month before the two sessions. They then make full use of the month to prepare everything by 28 (they).
They find out famous sentences that the spokesperson might plan 29 (use) when they answer questions. They also try to predict what kinds of questions might be asked.
There is no “secret” to be a 30 (success) interpreter. It’s all a matter of skill and hard work.
（2024·陕西西安·一模）
Do you know World Letter Writing Day It 31 be set up by Richard Simpkin in 2014. It usually falls 32 September every year. He encouraged people 33 (take) a break from today’s social media and write a letter to someone by hand.
Who should you write to Think about a friend or relative that lives far away. A parent or best friend would also love to receive 34 (you) letter.
How do you write a letter 35 (general) speaking, a letter includes these parts. The date and a greeting such as “Dear...” should be at the top of the letter. A closing part such as “Love” or “Yours truly” needs to follow the body. End it by 36 (sign) it.
Why should you pick up a pen and write a letter It is a surprise that may make someone’s day. It’s a good way to show people that you have been thinking of them. Everyone loves a personal touch. It makes pleasant and 37 (enjoy) moments. Some people have been saving their 38 (letter) and reviewing them over the years.
A recent study shows that letter writing 39 (make) the writer very happy and joyful, too. “Handwriting is your DNA．It’s your fingerprint that only you can share with others.
So, get some paper 40 pick up a pen. Start writing a letter today!
（2024·陕西西安·三模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Winter holds a special place in my heart. In this cold season, one of my 41 (please) is enjoying the delightful snack known as candied haws, or tanghulu. It is very popular in the 42 (north) part of China. It always brings back 43 (value) memories from my childhood. I could still remember when I was a child, I saw people selling tanghulu on the street who 44 (follow) by many kids. The snack had a bright color and 45 (shine) like diamonds.
The first bite into the outer layer (层) 46 (simple) shows the sweet. However, 47 you taste the juicy haw, you will get a perfect mix of sweet and sour. The contrast between the cold air and the warmth from each bite is wonderful. In addition, it is rich 48 vitamin C and vitamin E and helps digestion. I can say it is not only a kind of snack but also a fantastic experience that makes me 49 (discover) the beauty of winter.
Tanghulu has already been a symbol of joy during the season. Whether it is enjoyed alone during 50 usual evening walk or shared with friends and family at a winter gathering, it has the power to create moments of connection. It can bring happiness and joy to anyone who tries.
（2024·四川广元·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡相应的横线上。
During the Spring Festival, three films are very popular. The comedy film YOLO continues 51 (top) China’s daily box office. YOLO is directed by Jia Ling. It’s her 52 (two) work after Hi, Mom.
It tells the story of a jobless woman in her 53 (thirty) who still lives with her parents.
After she meets a boxing (拳击) coach, her life 54 (change). The film has caused an online controversy (争议) due to Jia’s weight loss, 55 she once explained that she didn’t want people to think that YOLO was just a movie about weight loss. “This movie has nothing to do with weight loss, or even boxing. It is a movie about how a kind person learns to love 56 (her). In order to make movies, Jia Ling once gained weight and then lost weight to show a completely 57 (difference) image from the past. Losing weight is 58 test for many people, which requires a lot of effort and time. Her 59 (succeed) is not only due to her talent, but also because of her courage. Her achievement is quite inspiring. We should learn 60 Jia Ling’s spirit and dare to challenge ourselves.
（2024·湖南·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Huang Yongyu, pen name Huang Niu, 61 (be) born in Changde, Hunan, and died in 2023. 62 a great artist, he has made a big influence on the art of China.
Born in 1924, he had 63 unusual life. Before teaching in the college, he had worked as a worker in factories, a teacher in a primary school, and even a 64 (write). Different from other professional (专业的) painters, Huang studied 65 himself during the period of war, and started with woodcarving (木刻). For a better future of his career (职业), he went to Hong Kong with his wife and spent all day in woodcarving. When he became famous, his uncle Shen Congwen advised 66 (he) to move to Beijing and teach woodcarving in the college. Finally, he accepted his uncle’s advice and came back with his wife and baby, a 7-month boy. Their life there was so wonderful, because they fed many animals as pets, like monkeys, bears, turkey (火鸡).
67 he met hundreds of problems, he was still happy and smiled at life. In 2006, Huang Yongyu donated (捐赠) a 68 (person) art museum in Jishou University for free, which is in western Hunan, near his hometown. Almost 200 pieces of works and collections from him 69 (show) there. Of course, the 70 (famous) work of Huang’s, Shangui, is in the museum. He wrote in a poem, “My type (类型) of blood is O, which fits everyone; my heart, only my heart, dear hometown, it’s yours…”
What’s more, Huang Yongyu was still planning a new painting at the age of 99. How much he loves painting!
（2024·福建漳州·一模）
阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Before the invention of paper, what did the ancient Chinese mainly write on The answer is bamboo slips. They were one of the 71 (early) forms of books in China. People usually wrote on them vertically. Restoring (保存) old bamboo slips is very important 72 they can help solve puzzles in history. Fang Beisong 73 (be) a researcher in the field of bamboo slip restoration. He has been restoring old books since 1988. He now works at the Jingzhou Conservation Institute in Hubei province.
A few years ago, some bamboo slips from the Han dynasty were found in Hebei. The writing on 74 (they) was not clear. Even worse, they had been burned 75 grave robbers (盗墓者). With a slight touch, they would fall apart. Fang led his team to test more than 70 76 (way) of restoration. Finally, they found 77 special material to help them restore the slips’ flexibility (柔韧性). They 78 (careful) cleaned the slips and restored them to the original shape. They then sealed (密封) them before 79 (take) some other steps. With the help of special modern technology, they 80 (get) clear pictures of the writing on the bamboo slips.
“We don’t want to lose the writing from ancient times,” said Fang. “Neither do we want to forget our history. That is why we love our work!”
（2024·四川自贡·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The topic of this programme is environmental protection. We human beings 81 (do) a lot of things at the cost of the environment to develop economy quickly in the past few years. I do think it is time for us to understand the 82 (important) of protecting the environment and do something about it. And today I would like 83 (introduce) some simple but useful ways that we can follow 84 (easy) in our daily life. Firstly, turn 85 lights if it is unnecessary. Then, go out in environment—friendly ways such as by bus, by subway or by bike. We can even walk to work when possible, 86 it is really helpful for both of our body and health. Thirdly, try our best to 87 (use) things like books, paper, magazines and so on. And we can also take a cloth bag when we go 88 (shop). Please don’t use plastic ones. Of course the public should raise environmental awareness and realize it is 89 (everyone) duty to protect the environment. Last but not least, the government should make laws to guide people’s 90 (behave).
（2024·广东深圳·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空格中填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空。
Once there was a man who had four sons. The sons never stopped quarreling 91 one another. He was always telling them how much easier life would be if they worked together, but they 92 (take) absolutely no notice of him. One day he decided 93 (show) them what he meant. He called all the sons together and put a tightly tied bundle (捆) of sticks on the floor in front of them.
“Can you break that ” he asked the 94 (young) son. The boy put his knee on the bundle but though he pressed and pulled with 95 (he) arms he could not bend the wood. The father asked each son in turn to try to break the bundle, but none of them could do it.
Then he untied 96 string and scattered (打散) the sticks.
“Now try,” he said. The boys broke the sticks in their 97 (hand) easily.
“Do you see 98 I mean ” asked the father, “if you stand together, you can not 99 (hurt) by anyone. If you all disagree the whole time and insist (坚持) on going your ways 100 (separate), the first enemy you meet will be able to destroy you.” United we stand, divided we fall.
（2024·贵州黔东南·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A wealthy old man lived alone in a big house, he was growing 101 (weak) day by day. Since he was unable to look after 102 (him) , he decided to hire (雇佣) a nurse to take care 103 him.
One day, the old man interviewed two 104 (nurse) —Anthony and Peter. Anthony was a handsome young man while Peter looked quite ordinary. The old man asked Anthony to make tea for him. After Anthony left, the old man turned to Peter and said, “Anthony has 105 (give) me a very bad account of you. He said you are rude and untrustworthy. Is this correct ”
Peter thought for a minute and said, “ 106 Anthony has a bad opinion of me, there must be something wrong with me. I should take some time to change these things.”
The old man was very impressed by Peter’s words. At the same time, Anthony came back with 107 cup of tea for the old man.
The old man sent Peter to make breakfast for him. He then returned to Anthony and told him. “Peter spoke very poorly of you while you were gone. 108 do you think about this ”After hearing this, Anthony shouted 109 (angry) .
In the end, Peter 110 (choose) . Peter looked quite common, but he had impressive inner beauty.
（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nowadays many people get used to 111 (waste) things, especially young people. In the school, waste can be seen everywhere. Some students ask 112 more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights before they leave the classroom.
Waste can bring 113 number of problems. Someone says China is rich in some resources (资源), such as coal, oil, trees and so on. Some people even say “How rich our country is!” But actually, we 114 (have) no coal or oil to use in 100 years if we go on wasting. We really feel 115 (worry) about what we can use in the future. We can’t imagine how we can go on living without these resources. Think about it 116 (care). I think we should say “no” to the students who waste things every day.
In our daily lives, we can do things 117 (stop) waste from happening. For example, we should turn off taps (水龙头) after using them. Don’t throw away the used paper 118 we can recycle it. Let’s start with small things from now on. Little by little, everything will be changed. Waste can be stopped one day if we do our 119 (best). Nature will be more harmonious (和谐的) and 120 (we) country will become more and more beautiful.
（2024·浙江金华·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给词的正确形式。
I’m a bit of an airplane fan. For the past few years, I 121 (have) many model planes on my desk at work. You can imagine my joy when I had the chance to experience the first flight of C919 jet yesterday. Luckily, I got one just before the tickets 122 (sell) out.
Before boarding, I found that almost every one of the 160 123 (passenger) walked around the plane to celebrate this historic moment. They got 124 (excited) than ever before and some began to take selfies (自拍). 125 happy they were!
The excitement continued on board as the C919 took off. A special breakfast was served: Shanghai noodles, some White Rabbit milk 126 a special dessert with a “World’s First C919” logo on it. It was 127 pretty short flight, about 2.5 hours from Shanghai to Chengdu. Soon we landed at our destination, and we cheered 128 (loud). Almost everyone seemed overjoyed to have taken part 129 such a proud moment for China.
Now I’m looking forward to 130 (see) what new planes COMAC (中国商飞公司) has planned for the future. I can’t wait to see them take on Airbus and Boeing!
（2024·河北承德·一模）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词(有提示词的，填入所给单词的正确形式)。
When I was walking down the street, I was stopped by 131 old man who couldn’t open a picture message that his daughter had sent. He asked me 132 help. However, as he didn’t have a smart phone, he couldn’t look at it. He was sad and went on to tell me that it was some pictures of his grandson who he hadn’t seen yet.
So I 133 (send) the message to my phone and downloaded (下载) the pictures. He was so excited to see his grandson’s photos for the 134 (one) time. I could see his love through his 135 (eye). Then I asked 136 (he) to wait for me patiently there. A few minutes later, I returned 137 (quick) with the printed pictures for him. He looked very happy and gave me twenty yuan, 138 I refused. It was just a small action.
Sometimes our kind acts may be 139 (small) than other things, but it is really 140 (help) to others.
（2023·浙江湖州·中考真题）
阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
The traditional Chinese calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms (节气). Thousands of years ago, they 141 (create) to help with farming, but the solar term culture is still very 142 (use) today to people’s life. Grain Buds is 143 eighth solar term of a year. It means that the seeds from the grain are becoming full but are not ripe. This year Grain Buds falls 144 May 21st, and lasts 16 days. Here are some things you may not know about Grain Buds.
A good season for eating fish
A saying about rain during this time says, “A heavy rainfall makes the river full. “Because of a lot of rain, rivers are full of water and a great number of fish. You can’t miss the chance 145 (enjoy) them. Also, it is such a golden season for 146 (fisherman)!
Suggestions on health
Wet and hot days 147 (be) common in this season. It may make you get skin illnesses easily. It is necessary to take more exercise. Walking, jogging and practicing tai chi are popular.
A key period for flower caring
It is a good period for flowers to grow 148 (rapid). Caring for your garden becomes even 149 (important) than any other time. 150 you take good care of them, your plants will be healthier.
（2023·四川甘孜·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Long long ago, there lived a giraffe in the forest. He was 151 (tall) of all the animals, so he was very proud and always laughed at 152 (other). A monkey decided 153 (teach) the giraffe a lesson.
One day, the monkey 154 (take) the giraffe to a tree. He said to the giraffe, “Look at the tall tree. There’s some lovely fruit 155 (grow) on the tree. But you won’t be able to pick it.” The giraffe said, “It is impossible. Just watch me.” He tried to pick the fruit again and again. However, the fruit was still out of reach. “I said you couldn’t reach it, 156 I can,” said the monkey. Then, the monkey jumped on to the giraffe’s neck. He reached out his arm and picked the fruit 157 (successful). The monkey said, “You could not pick the fruit by yourself. I could not do it by 158 (I), either. But we can do it together. As an old saying goes, two heads are 159 (good) than one. Everyone plays 160 important role in the world. So don’t be so proud in the future.”
（2023·湖北襄阳·中考真题）
阅读下面的短文，在短文空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式，使短文的意思完整，并将所填答案填写在答题卡相应题号的横线上。
Did ancient people plant trees They didn’t have a special day to plant trees like Tree Planting Day, 161 the tradition of planting trees has been there for a long time. Back then, it was always 162 (rain) around the Qingming Festival in spring. The trees that were planted around this time had better conditions to grow than usual, so people formed the custom of planting trees around the Qingming Festival.
There were many kinds of trees. However, mulberry trees (桑树) and fruit trees were 163 (popular) of all. To feed the silkworms (蚕), more mulberry leaves 164 (need). Silk came from the silkworms, and then was made into silk clothes and traded between the east and the west of the world. Among the ancient people who suggested 165 (get) trees to offer food and clothes, there was a man whose name is well-known, Mencius (孟子).
Dong Feng, a famous doctor in the Three Kingdom Period (三国时期), saved many 166 (patient) lives for free. He only asked them to plant apricot trees (杏树) on a hill. Gradually, a forest of apricot trees grew on 167 hill. That’s why we now praise a doctor who has excellent skills with the words “warmth in an apricot forest.”
Each dynasty has different tree planting projects. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty 168 (person) planted a ginkgo tree (银杏树) in a temple in Chang’an. 1,400 years later, the ginkgo tree is still growing. So far, the temple 169 (become) a popular place for tourists.
So, 170 Tree Planting Day next year, do you want to plant a tree with your wishes on it
（2023·湖南湘潭·中考真题）
阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案转写在答题卡上。
Qi Baishi is a world-famous art master in China.
He was born in 171 poor family from Xiangtan, Hunan province. He was at school for less than a year because 172 illnesses. One day, he found a Chinese painting guide book—Jieziyuan Huapu. The book inspired his interests in painting 173 (picture). He decided 174 (learn) by himself and later became a master of art through his hard work. In 1902, he 175 (start) to travel around China. He visited famous places, met many people and saw different kinds of art pieces. These experiences helped him become one of the 176 (good) artists of all time.
177 (He) paintings are generally about the small things of the world, such as fish, shrimps (虾) and frogs. “Mouse and Cat with Lamp” is one of them. In the picture, a mouse is standing on the top of a long pole (杆子). Under the pole is a cat. They are so lively 178 it looks like they would jump out of the paper to fight.
All the works 179 (create) by Qi Baishi in a fresh way, which expressed his love for nature and life. His talents and skills amazed the whole world a lot. He is 180 (real) a master of art and the pride of Xiangtan.
（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）
根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。
Deng Qingming is one of the three Chinese astronauts carrying out China’s Shenzhou-15 spaceship mission. He 181 (final) got the chance to go to space after nearly 25 years of preparation.
Deng was born in a village in Jiangxi Province in 1966. As his 182 (parent) both worked in the fields, he had to look after his younger brothers and sisters. At that time, his dream was to go to college and find a job 183 (support) his family.
Deng 184 (be) a member of the PLA Air Force (空军) since 1984. When he left his village that year, his friends came to say goodbye to him. He was deeply touched and decided to work hard. Years of hard 185 (train) made him an excellent pilot, and he was chosen as one of the 186 (one) group of Chinese astronauts in 1998.
For a long time, Deng served as a backup (后备) astronaut. His road to space was 187 (long) than that of his teammates. He spent almost all of his time preparing and waiting and he 188 (give) the chance to travel to space in the end.
Besides that, Deng’s wife supported him a lot. She 189 (take) care of the whole family and never complained. “You’ve set an example to 190 (we) daughter and we are proud of you,” she told him.
After a long wait, he flew into space by Shenzhou-15 spaceship in November 2022 at last. Twenty-five years was quite a long time, but Deng never gave up. Whenever the nation needs him, he is always waiting there, ready to take on any challenge.
（2023·湖北恩施·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式（不超过3词）。
The Duanwu Festival is also called the Dragon Boat Festival. It is a traditional holiday with a history of more than 2,000 years in China. It is on the 191 (five) day of lunar May every year.
There are many 192 (story) about the origin (起源) of this festival. Among them, the following one about Qu Yuan is the most 193 (wide) accepted.
Qu Yuan was 194 great poet and good official. He loved his country deeply. He 195 (jump) into Miluo River after his country’s being defeated. People threw a kind of food named zongzi into the river to feed the fish in order that they wouldn’t eat Qu’s body.
Now on the Dragon Boat Festival, Chinese people enjoy a one-day holiday 196 (remember) Qu Yuan. People have different activities, including 197 (eat) zongzi and having dragon boat races and so on. The dragon boat races are the most 198 (excite) part of the festival. All the teams practice so hard 199 they can become the winners.
Many western countries 200 (hold) dragon boat races every year, like Sweden, Canada and the USA．The Duanwu Festival is becoming more and more popular around the world.
（2023·浙江衢州·中考真题）
阅读下面材料，按照句子结构的语法情况和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。每空不超过两词。
Mr. Smith is our school gardener. He is 201 old man with a head of white hair. He works hard 202 (make) our school green and lively. No matter in the winter cold or in the summer heat, he is never late 203 work. He goes to work early in the morning and only leaves in the evening.
Every day, he 204 (wear) a grey hat and a pair of blue trousers. He cleans the leaves in the garden three 205 (time) a day. He also plants trees and waters flowers. When he is working, he is very serious. He even gets angry when we try to talk to 206 (he). He is always quiet during his working time.
207 , he becomes a different person after finishing all the work. He will talk to us about his family and friends 208 (happy). He always puts a smile on our faces, just like our dear grandfather.
Mr. Smith makes our school 209 (beautiful) than before and we are glad to have such a school gardener. He 210 (love) by everyone in our school.
（2023·吉林长春·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhang Yi is a Chinese reporter in Singapore. In 2022, a woman with grey hair living nearby visited him. The woman introduced 211 (she) as Sarah. She asked if Zhang could help look for her pen pal 212 was from China.
Duan Chun was Sarah’s first Chinese pen pal. They wrote a lot of letters and shared the colorful school lives sixty-one years ago. All the letters 213 (keep) by Sarah. They were full 214 her sweet memories. However, Sarah hadn’t received any letters from Duan for many years. It seemed impossible to find a person after such a long time, 215 Zhang promised to do his best. He posted some of Duan’s black-and-white 216 (photo) and their stories on the Internet. To his joy, many 217 (love) strangers joined him in searching for Duan. Although they went through lots of trouble, they never stopped trying. A few months 218 (late), the two pen pals finally began to communicate with each other again. They were so excited that they decided 219 (meet) in China. Sarah prepared a gift for Duan to celebrate her 220 (seventy-five) birthday.
It was with the help of so many caring people and high technology that the cross-country friendship was able to continue.
（2023·山东潍坊·中考真题）
阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。
“I suddenly understood,” Valeria said, “why Mario wanted to buy the farm. He and Pagani were busy 221 (work) together during this period, I’m sure. They must have burned the farm down, Roberto. They could have killed you!”
“I can’t believe it,” Roberto said. “My own uncle wouldn’t do that. It’s 222 (possible).”
“But it must be true, Roberto,” Valeria said. “It’s the only explanation.”
In the evening, Inspector (警官) Pavone telephoned and asked to speak to Roberto. “So far your uncle 223 (tell) us everything. He burned your farm down to make you 224 (sell) it. Pagani knew that land prices would go up when a big company moved to the town. Then he and your uncle made a project 225 (build) shops and houses on your land so that they could sell them for a profit. They would have become terribly wealthy!”
Roberto could not speak. His own uncle had lied to him and almost killed him.
“Your uncle and Pagani are both criminals (罪犯),” the inspector said. “Your uncle is a foolish and greedy man. He got himself into some 226 (danger) business. They must pay for their 227 (act).”
Roberto held the telephone 228 (quiet) with eyes full of tears.
The inspector was right. Mario and Pagani 229 (put) into prison soon. Roberto did not feel happy, sad or angry about them. He was too 230 (disappoint) to feel anything.
Some months passed. Roberto began to think about the future.
（2023·四川德阳·中考真题）
Zhang Peng is a ten-year-old boy. He has a brother and a sister. They often fight with each other for many 231 (reason). Those fights influence his daily life. However, he doesn’t know 232 to do. Li Yong is Zhang Peng’s friend. He has two brothers and they never fight. They always have smiles on 233 (they) faces.
One day Zhang Peng asked Li Yong why he and his brothers could get on well with each other. Li Yong smiled and 234 (invite) Zhang Peng to his home. As they entered the house, Li Yong’s elder brother saw them and said, “Hi, come and share some ice-cream 235 me.” At the same time, Li Yong’s 236 (young) brother came out of his room. When he saw them, he looked very happy and said 237 (excited), “Hi, Li Yong, I have a story 238 (tell) you. It’s interesting!”
How happy Li Yong’s family life is! After 239 (think) for a while, Zhang Peng understands that Li Yong’s secret of having 240 good relationship with his family is to share. They share all their food and stories.
