人教版（2019）必修第二册Unit4History and Traditions Words and Expressions词汇与表达学案（无答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修第二册Unit4History and Traditions Words and Expressions词汇与表达学案（无答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-04-08 11:22:45 | ||
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Uint4 Words and Expressions
__________ n.孔子 ___________ adj. 孔子的；儒学的；儒家的
【词组】
儒家学派：_________ __________ 孔子学院：_________ ________
cemetery n. 墓地；公墓
【相关词】 n.葬礼；丧礼 ___________
philosophy n. 哲学
n.哲学家 _____________
4.descendant n.后裔；后代；子孙
炎黄子孙：_________ descendant
【翻译】
Many of them are descendants of the original settlers
__________________________________________。
【相关词】 descend v. __________
【翻译】 The plane began to descent. ________________________。
5. individual adj.个人的，个别的 n.人, 个体, 个人
__________ adv.分别地，个别地
【翻译】
【2019·北京】In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates.
__________________________________________________________。
【练习】
1.A teacher can’t give ________ attention to each student if his class is large.
如果班上的人数多，老师不能给予学生个人辅导。
2.The contribution is open to both teams and ___________.
团队和个人均可捐款
6. Achilles’heel n._____________________
【拓展】
pull one’s leg _______________________
fish out of water _______________________
fly off the handle _______________________
be over the moon _______________________
laugh one’s head off _______________________
be all ears _______________________
a wet blanket _______________________
a tough nut _______________________
7. puzzle n.谜，智力游戏；疑问 vt. 迷惑，使困惑
adj. puzzled ____________ adj. puzzling ____________
8. join...to....把A和B连接起来；联合
adj. joint 联合的;共同的 adv. __________
【练习】
The island _________ (join) to the mainland by a bridge.
The island__________(join) to the mainland by a bridge is no longer cut off from the outside world.
It was Emperor Qinshihuang who had the walls _______(join).（have +sth+done）
The event was ______(joint) organized by the government and the school.
9. break away from （sth./sb.) 脱离;背叛;逃脱
【拓展】
break in 打断; 插嘴说; 闯入
break into 闯入…; 爆发
break out (战争)爆发; (火灾)突然发生
break up 分解;解散;(关系等)破裂
break up with 跟…分手;与…断绝关系
break down 损坏;发生故障;分解;累垮（精神崩溃）
break through 突破
【练习】
a. If you go on working like that, you will ____________sooner or later.
b. A fire ____________in this hotel last night and three people were killed.
c. With so many problems unsettled, a few countries wanted to ________ from the Union.
d. In my opinion, marriage based on money is likely to ___________.
10．belong to 属于 【相关词】_____________ n．财产，所有物
【练习】
1. Those books __________ the library but this is my own.
那些书是图书馆的，但这本是我自己的。
2. I just escaped from the flood and all my __________ (belong) were swept away.
3. He was upset that the valuable watch _______________(属于他的)was lost yesterday.
11. as well as
注意：连接主语时，谓语动词要和as well as 前/后 ？的主语在数上保持一致。遵循就 近/远 ？原则。
12．defence n．防御；保卫；辩护
【搭配】 in defence of = in one’s defence 为…辩护；保卫
【词性转换】
vt. 防御；保卫；辩护 __________ adj. 防御的；戒备的 ____________
【练习】
(1) Most countries have armies for their __________ (defend).
(2) He gave his life__________ his country. 他为保卫祖国而献出了生命。
(3) He had a lawyer to ____________(为他辩护) in court.
(4) Mr Green stood up ______ ______ ______ （为……辩护）the little boy, saying that he was not the one to blame.
(5) I have to say ______ ______ ______ （为她辩护）that she knew nothing about the incident at first.
13. surround vt. 包围;围绕
【搭配】
surround sth. with sth. 用…包围… be surrounded __/____ 被…包围
surrounding adj. 周围的;附近的（只做前置定语）
surroundings n. [pl.] 环境
【练习】
1. The poet ____________________(被包围）a crowd of people, eager to hear his speech.
2. Mrs. White found her husband___________(surround) by letters and papers and looking very worried .
3. ___________(surround) by the clear waters, this forest provides visitors with a wonderful chance to see some endangered birds in the wild.
4.They live in a beautiful village, with many trees and flowers ____________(surround) it.
5. She felt like a fish out of water in the unfamiliar _____________.
14. evidence n. 证据；证明 一条证据：__________________
________ adj. 明显的，明白的
【搭配】
There is （no）evidence that … （没）有证据表明…
It is evident/obvious/apparent/noticeable that… 很明显…
【练习】
1. All the scientific evidence _________(show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming ______(be) damaging our health.
2. ______ ______ _____ _______(有证据表明）the ship sank in a bomb attack.
3. _____ _____ _____(很明显）the man is highly thought in the company.
15. achievement n. 成就；成绩；达到
_________ vt. 实现；达到 vi.成功 _________ adj. 可达到的；可实现的
16. location n. 地方;地点;位置 _________ v. 使位于;确定准确地点
be located in/at... _____________
【练习】
1. The factory ___________ the foot of a hill.
2. China ____________ the east of Asia with the area of 9,600,000 square kilometers.
3. Pingyi, _______(locate) at the foot of Mount Meng, is a beautiful city.
17. battle n. 战役；搏斗 vt. 搏斗；奋斗
battle _____/_____ 与……斗争 battle ___ 为……而战
18. port n. 港口
im + port = import v./n. _______ ex + port = export v./n. _______
19. charge一词多义
写出charge 的不同意义：_________________________________________
20. announce vt. 宣布；通知；声称
【用法】
(1) announce sth. (to sb.) (向某人)宣布、通告某事
announce that... 宣布... ...;通知... ...
It is/was announced that... 据宣布 ... ...
(2) announcement n. 通知；通告 ________ n. 广播员；播音员
【练习】
At the end of the meeting, it ____________________ an agreement had been reached.
会议最后宣布已达成一项协议。
21. amount n.金额;数量
① Large amounts of water ______________ (pollute) in the past 10 years.
② A large amount of energy _____________ (release) when the volcano erupted.
③ 【翻译】On April 24th, the final death toll of the Covid-19 in the USA amounted to 1,018,316. ____________________________________________________。
22. approach n/vt. approachable adj. _____________
(1). 方法；途径 the approach to sth / doing sth
(2). 靠近；临近 ____ the approach of the spring, birding are singing happily.
(3). 着手处理 e.g What's the best way of approaching this problem
23. ensure vt.保证；确保；担保（=make sure）
24. generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的
_______ adj. 吝啬的；小气的；刻薄的
25. position n.位置（location）；姿态(posture)；职位(post)；处境；观点；立场
【练习】
1. Salesman is a position ______communication ability is as important as skills.
2. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases ______ beginners of English fail to use the languages properly.
3. It’s helpful to put children in a situation _____ they can see themselves differently.
4. Until today, we have reached a stage ______ we have almost no rights at all.
5. I have reached a point in my life _______ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
26. eager adj.热切的;渴望的 + to do / for sth.
27. feast n. 盛宴；节日
28. roll v. (使)翻滚;(使)滚动; n. 卷(轴); 翻滚
29. dot n. 点;小(圆)点 v. 加点;遍布
【搭配】be dotted with 点缀; 布满
【翻译】The sky was dotted with stars. __________________________。
30. custom n. (社会的)风俗；习俗； (个人的）习惯
customs n. ______ customer n. _______
31. sensory adj. 感觉的; 感官的
sensory organs __________
【相关词】 sensitive adj. ___________ sensible adj. __________
32. striking adj. 引人注目的, 显著的；惊人的; 打击的
a striking difference / feature _____的差异/ 特征
strike -- struck --- struck
A good idea hit/ struck / occurred to sb. that …… 某人突然想到……
33. transition n. 过渡；转变；变迁 _________ adj.过渡的
【拓展】trans-前缀 表示"转变"、"变换"
transport vt. _________ transplant vt. ________ translate v. __________
34. crowd n.人群; 一群人; 民众 vt. 挤满, 使…拥挤; 涌上(心头), 涌入(脑海)
【搭配】 a crowd of /crowds of 一群；许多 crowded adj. ___________
be crowded with = be packed / filled with 挤满; 充满
【练习】The crowd crowded _____ the stadium which was crowded _____ audience.
__________ n.孔子 ___________ adj. 孔子的；儒学的；儒家的
【词组】
儒家学派：_________ __________ 孔子学院：_________ ________
cemetery n. 墓地；公墓
【相关词】 n.葬礼；丧礼 ___________
philosophy n. 哲学
n.哲学家 _____________
4.descendant n.后裔；后代；子孙
炎黄子孙：_________ descendant
【翻译】
Many of them are descendants of the original settlers
__________________________________________。
【相关词】 descend v. __________
【翻译】 The plane began to descent. ________________________。
5. individual adj.个人的，个别的 n.人, 个体, 个人
__________ adv.分别地，个别地
【翻译】
【2019·北京】In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates.
__________________________________________________________。
【练习】
1.A teacher can’t give ________ attention to each student if his class is large.
如果班上的人数多，老师不能给予学生个人辅导。
2.The contribution is open to both teams and ___________.
团队和个人均可捐款
6. Achilles’heel n._____________________
【拓展】
pull one’s leg _______________________
fish out of water _______________________
fly off the handle _______________________
be over the moon _______________________
laugh one’s head off _______________________
be all ears _______________________
a wet blanket _______________________
a tough nut _______________________
7. puzzle n.谜，智力游戏；疑问 vt. 迷惑，使困惑
adj. puzzled ____________ adj. puzzling ____________
8. join...to....把A和B连接起来；联合
adj. joint 联合的;共同的 adv. __________
【练习】
The island _________ (join) to the mainland by a bridge.
The island__________(join) to the mainland by a bridge is no longer cut off from the outside world.
It was Emperor Qinshihuang who had the walls _______(join).（have +sth+done）
The event was ______(joint) organized by the government and the school.
9. break away from （sth./sb.) 脱离;背叛;逃脱
【拓展】
break in 打断; 插嘴说; 闯入
break into 闯入…; 爆发
break out (战争)爆发; (火灾)突然发生
break up 分解;解散;(关系等)破裂
break up with 跟…分手;与…断绝关系
break down 损坏;发生故障;分解;累垮（精神崩溃）
break through 突破
【练习】
a. If you go on working like that, you will ____________sooner or later.
b. A fire ____________in this hotel last night and three people were killed.
c. With so many problems unsettled, a few countries wanted to ________ from the Union.
d. In my opinion, marriage based on money is likely to ___________.
10．belong to 属于 【相关词】_____________ n．财产，所有物
【练习】
1. Those books __________ the library but this is my own.
那些书是图书馆的，但这本是我自己的。
2. I just escaped from the flood and all my __________ (belong) were swept away.
3. He was upset that the valuable watch _______________(属于他的)was lost yesterday.
11. as well as
注意：连接主语时，谓语动词要和as well as 前/后 ？的主语在数上保持一致。遵循就 近/远 ？原则。
12．defence n．防御；保卫；辩护
【搭配】 in defence of = in one’s defence 为…辩护；保卫
【词性转换】
vt. 防御；保卫；辩护 __________ adj. 防御的；戒备的 ____________
【练习】
(1) Most countries have armies for their __________ (defend).
(2) He gave his life__________ his country. 他为保卫祖国而献出了生命。
(3) He had a lawyer to ____________(为他辩护) in court.
(4) Mr Green stood up ______ ______ ______ （为……辩护）the little boy, saying that he was not the one to blame.
(5) I have to say ______ ______ ______ （为她辩护）that she knew nothing about the incident at first.
13. surround vt. 包围;围绕
【搭配】
surround sth. with sth. 用…包围… be surrounded __/____ 被…包围
surrounding adj. 周围的;附近的（只做前置定语）
surroundings n. [pl.] 环境
【练习】
1. The poet ____________________(被包围）a crowd of people, eager to hear his speech.
2. Mrs. White found her husband___________(surround) by letters and papers and looking very worried .
3. ___________(surround) by the clear waters, this forest provides visitors with a wonderful chance to see some endangered birds in the wild.
4.They live in a beautiful village, with many trees and flowers ____________(surround) it.
5. She felt like a fish out of water in the unfamiliar _____________.
14. evidence n. 证据；证明 一条证据：__________________
________ adj. 明显的，明白的
【搭配】
There is （no）evidence that … （没）有证据表明…
It is evident/obvious/apparent/noticeable that… 很明显…
【练习】
1. All the scientific evidence _________(show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming ______(be) damaging our health.
2. ______ ______ _____ _______(有证据表明）the ship sank in a bomb attack.
3. _____ _____ _____(很明显）the man is highly thought in the company.
15. achievement n. 成就；成绩；达到
_________ vt. 实现；达到 vi.成功 _________ adj. 可达到的；可实现的
16. location n. 地方;地点;位置 _________ v. 使位于;确定准确地点
be located in/at... _____________
【练习】
1. The factory ___________ the foot of a hill.
2. China ____________ the east of Asia with the area of 9,600,000 square kilometers.
3. Pingyi, _______(locate) at the foot of Mount Meng, is a beautiful city.
17. battle n. 战役；搏斗 vt. 搏斗；奋斗
battle _____/_____ 与……斗争 battle ___ 为……而战
18. port n. 港口
im + port = import v./n. _______ ex + port = export v./n. _______
19. charge一词多义
写出charge 的不同意义：_________________________________________
20. announce vt. 宣布；通知；声称
【用法】
(1) announce sth. (to sb.) (向某人)宣布、通告某事
announce that... 宣布... ...;通知... ...
It is/was announced that... 据宣布 ... ...
(2) announcement n. 通知；通告 ________ n. 广播员；播音员
【练习】
At the end of the meeting, it ____________________ an agreement had been reached.
会议最后宣布已达成一项协议。
21. amount n.金额;数量
① Large amounts of water ______________ (pollute) in the past 10 years.
② A large amount of energy _____________ (release) when the volcano erupted.
③ 【翻译】On April 24th, the final death toll of the Covid-19 in the USA amounted to 1,018,316. ____________________________________________________。
22. approach n/vt. approachable adj. _____________
(1). 方法；途径 the approach to sth / doing sth
(2). 靠近；临近 ____ the approach of the spring, birding are singing happily.
(3). 着手处理 e.g What's the best way of approaching this problem
23. ensure vt.保证；确保；担保（=make sure）
24. generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的；丰富的
_______ adj. 吝啬的；小气的；刻薄的
25. position n.位置（location）；姿态(posture)；职位(post)；处境；观点；立场
【练习】
1. Salesman is a position ______communication ability is as important as skills.
2. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases ______ beginners of English fail to use the languages properly.
3. It’s helpful to put children in a situation _____ they can see themselves differently.
4. Until today, we have reached a stage ______ we have almost no rights at all.
5. I have reached a point in my life _______ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
26. eager adj.热切的;渴望的 + to do / for sth.
27. feast n. 盛宴；节日
28. roll v. (使)翻滚;(使)滚动; n. 卷(轴); 翻滚
29. dot n. 点;小(圆)点 v. 加点;遍布
【搭配】be dotted with 点缀; 布满
【翻译】The sky was dotted with stars. __________________________。
30. custom n. (社会的)风俗；习俗； (个人的）习惯
customs n. ______ customer n. _______
31. sensory adj. 感觉的; 感官的
sensory organs __________
【相关词】 sensitive adj. ___________ sensible adj. __________
32. striking adj. 引人注目的, 显著的；惊人的; 打击的
a striking difference / feature _____的差异/ 特征
strike -- struck --- struck
A good idea hit/ struck / occurred to sb. that …… 某人突然想到……
33. transition n. 过渡；转变；变迁 _________ adj.过渡的
【拓展】trans-前缀 表示"转变"、"变换"
transport vt. _________ transplant vt. ________ translate v. __________
34. crowd n.人群; 一群人; 民众 vt. 挤满, 使…拥挤; 涌上(心头), 涌入(脑海)
【搭配】 a crowd of /crowds of 一群；许多 crowded adj. ___________
be crowded with = be packed / filled with 挤满; 充满
【练习】The crowd crowded _____ the stadium which was crowded _____ audience.