山东省枣庄四中九年级英语虚拟语气专练（课件26张)

课件26张PPT。虚拟语气专练虚拟语气
(1)在条件状语从句中表示与事实相反的条件。
a.与现在事实相反的条件
e.g. If I were you, I would go at once.
If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick.
b.与过去事实相反
e.g. If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.
If she had told him about the danger, he would not have hurt.
c.与将来事实相反
e.g. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you.
If he would fail in the experiment this time, he would try again.e.g. If we were to panic(受惊,惊慌), we should not be able to help.有时候主句和从句的谓语动词指不同的时间，这时需要用混合虚拟语气（错综时间条件句），要根据实际情况灵活运用，尤其要注意提示语：时间状语。e.g. If you ____that late movie last night, you wouldn’t be so sleepy.
haven’t watched B.didn’t watch
C. hadn’t watched D.wouldn’t watched If Paul had received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now.but for, without(如果没有)
e.g. Without (but for) the Party, we wouldn’t be so happy.
Without (but for) your help, I couldn’t have finished the task.
We might have died without your help.
=We might have died if you hadn’t helped us. otherwise,or(否则,要不然)=if…not…
e.g. He studies very hard, or/otherwise he couldn’t study so well.
I was busy last week, otherwise I would have come to see you.
=I was busy last week. If I had not been so busy last week, I would have come to see you.(2)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法①wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气
用wish表示对现在的愿望时,从句中谓语动词形式为:过去时(be动词用were).
用wish表示对将来的愿望时,从句中谓语动词形式为:would, could, should,might+动词原形
wish用语对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时,从句中谓语动词形式为:had+过去分词，或would, could+have+动词过去分词．e.g. I wish I could buy a spaceship some day.
I wish that he wasn’t so lazy.
The exhibition was so bored that I wish I had not gone to it.② would rather(that)+从句，表示“愿望”的虚拟
e.g. I would rather you had gone there.(与过去相反)
你要是去那里就好了。
I would rather you stayed at home now.(与现在)
I would rather you could go to America tomorrow. if only后加句子… “要是……就好了”
e.g. If only I could learn English in one day.
If only it wasn’t raining.
If only Jim had passed the exam.
If only Sam would reply to my letter.注:在as if(as though)引导的方式状语(表语)从句中,动词形式和wish宾语从句中的形式相同。
e.g. You are talking as if you had seen them.
He speaks English as if he were an Englishman.
She looks as if she would cry.③用于表示意愿,建议，命令，请求，提议等动词后的that宾语从句中，用(should)+动词原形,这类动词有:
ask, advise, arrange(安排), beg, command, decide, demand, desire, determine, insist (坚持要求,硬要), intend, propose, object(反对), order, require, request, suggest(建议)…e.g. She advised that we should keep the door locked.
He suggests that she should leave the dangerous house at once.
His face suggested that he was angry.(暗示)
He insisted that he was innocent.(坚称,坚持说)
He insisted that she (should) show him her passport.其他常用虚拟语气句型It is (about/high) time that+主语+should+V.(should不能省略)
It is (about/high) time that+主语+过去时
e.g. It is time that you should have a class.
=It is time that you had a class.
可该上课了(早该上课了，你怎么还不去?)
It is time for you to have a class.
该上课了.(上课的时间到了.)
It is time that you should leave.
=It is time you left.应用举例1.——Did you submit(递交）your application for a Master’s degree(硕士学位）？
——Not yet. If I_____to see my father, I would have.”
A. didn’t go B. haven’t gone C.wouldn’t have gone D. hadn’t gone【答案】D
【解析】I would have 省略了过去分词submitted.2.——Why didn’t Tom give you one of his paintings?
——I didn’t want one, but he would have given me one if I ____.
A. Do B. would C. will D.had【答案】D
【解析】 if I had 中省略了过去分词wanted.3.——Do you think the thief entered through the garage door?
——No, if he had, I don’t believe _____broken the living room window.
Would he have B. he had C.he would have D. he has【答案】 C
【解析】if he had 后省略了过去分词4._______I’d have told you.
A. If I would have known it B. If I had have known it
C. Had I know it D. Should I know it 【答案】C
【解析】如果if条件句中包含有should（或had,were),则可以省去if并把should（或had,were)移到句首，而意思不变。Had I known it=if I had known it.5. I ____come yesterday, but I couldn’t.
A.was to have B. must C.ought D.have to【答案】 A
【解析】 was/were+不定式的完成形式构成位于，表示过去所做的计划和安排没有实现。6.——It is raining, and I have no umbrella.
——Here’s mine, and I insist ____it.
A.you to take B. that you take C.that you taking D.you taking【答案】 B
【解析】一些表示愿望，请求，命令的动词（如ask, require, suggest, recommend, demand, insist, desire, prefer, order, urge, propose等）后的宾语从句中谓语动词用动词原形表示虚拟（也可用should+动词原形的形式表示虚拟，但在美国英语中常用动词原形。）7. The professor gave orders that the test ____before 5:30.
A.be finished B.will finish C.will be finished
D.shall finish【答案】 A
【解析】在suggestion, proposal, order, advice, recommendation, idea等词后的表语从句或同位语从句中的谓语动词，也要用动词原形表示虚拟。此题that引导的是orders的同位语从句。8. I must go there earlier. John has suggested that I _____an hour before the discussion begins.
A.go B.shall go C. will go D. would go【答案】A
【解析】suggest等动词无论其时态为过去时还是现在完成时，其后的宾语从句中的谓语动词也是总是要用动词原形来表示虚拟。9. I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I ____there.
A. Was B.were C.had been D.went【答案】 C
【解析】动词wish后的宾语从句需要用虚拟语气。表示过去的愿望用过去完成时。10. She speaks as if she ____on the spot.
A.was B. were C. had been D.is【答案】 B
【解析】在以as if或as though引导的从句中一般也要求用虚拟语气。从句中谓语形式与动词wish后的宾语从句谓语形式一样。但在It sounds/looks/seems as if后的从句有时也可以用一般陈述语气。例如: It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.似乎有人敲门。随堂练习If I ______ten years younger, I _____ very happy.
were, would be B.am, shall be
C. were, shall be D. am, would be
2.—— You can ask your brother for help.
—— He is not at home. If he ____, I _____.
A.is, would B.were, would
C.is, will D.were, will
3. If you ____the doctors advice, you would have already recovered.
A.follow B.followed C.would follow
D.had followed
4. If he had not missed the train, he _____by then.
A.might get B.might have got C.got
D.had got
5. What would you have done last night, if you _____to write your homework.
A.hadn’t B.haven’t had C. didn’t have
D.hadn’t had
6.—— Did you catch the plane?
——No, if I had hurried, I ______.
A.would B.would have C.could D. did
7. Why didn’t you tell him the truth? If I _____you, I would have.
A.were B.had been C.am D.would be 8.——How do you like the party?
——Wonderful. If you had come with us, you ____a good time.
A.had B.had had C.would have
D.would have had
9. If I _____out of my ink, I would have finished writing the paper.
A.didn’t run B.shouldn’t run C.haven’t run
D.hadn’t run10. If you _____early tomorrow morning, you would be there by noon.
A.have started B.were started C.were to start
D.had started
11.——Did you hand in your application for a league member?
——Not yet. If I _____to see my father, I would have.
A.didn’t go B. haven’t gone
C.wouldn’t have gone D. hadn’t gone12.——Why didn’t Tom give you one of his paintings?
——I didn’t want one, but he would have given me one if I _____.
A.do B.would C.will D.had
13.——Do you think the thief entered through the garage door?
——No, if he had, I don’t believe ____broken the living room window.
A. would he have B. he had
C. he would have D. he has14.______I’d have told you.
If I would have known it B. If I had have known it
C. Had I known it D.should I know it
15. I ____come yesterday, but I couldn’t.
A.was to have B.must C. ought D. have tocome on!