河北省2024年中考英语 阅读理解专练 （含解析）

1075690011760200河北省2024年中考英语阅读理解专练
阅读理解之一
How can we protect ourselves at School?
School is not only a place we can learn something,but also is a small society.Sometimes there is something unpleasant happening at school. For example, we can see a group of students holding sticks. They are beating and kicking other students. We can see an elder and stronger student is asking for money from others. Some students often give others nicknames(绰号). This is called school bullying(欺凌).
School bullying is a big problem that has got more and more attention in society.School bullies happen in almost every school. In my school, we sometimes have bullies and some students are hurt, so it is really bad for us to bully others or be bullied at school.
We are supposed to stop any school bully when we are in the trouble of it. we should stay calm before a bullying behavior happens. We should always be friendly and helpful when making friends with others. Here are some of my ideas about stopping school bullies. Firstly, we will learn how to have a self-protection because our personal safety is the most important. Secondly, we should be peaceful with others at all times and can't have any violent(暴力的) behavior. Finally, obeying school rules is also a way to avoid school bullies.
It's everyone's duty to make schools safe. I hope all of us should be friendly to others and say no to bullying. It is never too late to face school bullying by taking preventive steps.Let's stop bullying and build a harmonious(和谐的) school.
1．Which behaviors are school bullying?
A.Some students hold sticks to beat and kick other students.
B.An elder and stronger student is asking for money from others.
C.Some students often give others nicknames.
D.All the above.
2．School bullying is_________ that has got more and more attention in society.
A. an interesting problem B．a boring problem
C．a great problem D．a serious problem
3．How many ideas about stopping school bullies are there according to the fourth paragraph?_________.
A．Two B．Three C．Four D．Five
4．_________ is our duty according to the last paragraph.
A．To make schools safe B．To be friendly to others
C．To say no to bullying D．To face school bullying
5．Which is the best title of the passage？________.
A．How to protect ourselves at School.
B．School is a place we can learn something.
C．We should stay calm before a bullying behavior happens.
D．Obeying school rules is also a way to avoid school bullies.
阅读理解之二
Recently, the term “carbon neutral（碳中和）”has been used frequently at some important meetings in many countries. Many countries have put forward the goal of striving（奋斗目标） to be carbon neutral. China is expected to be carbon neutral by 2060. So, as middle school students, what can we do to protect the environment and live a low carbon life? Here are some suggestions for you.
Travel in a green way. Now more Chinese people have cars of their own. It has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well. So we’d better do more walking, cycling and less driving. By doing so, we can save energy and reduce pollution.
Cut down white pollution. We should reduce the use of plastic bags. When you go to the supermarket, bring your own shopping bags.
Save water. Lack (缺乏) of water resources will affect the ecological environment (生态环境). So please turn off the tap after using it.
Sore (分类) the rubbish. Doing garbage classification (垃圾分类) in a right way can turn waste into wealth.
Plant more trees. Planting more trees means cutting down and reducing the carbon footprint (碳足迹) and spread of greenhouse gases (气体).
Use both sides of the paper. The paper production process uses a lot of trees.
Now is the time that we should take up our responsibility to protect our environment from being polluted. Let’s join our hands and take action immediately.
1．Which way is bad for the environment ?_______.
A．Walking. B．Riding a bike. C．Driving.
2．White pollution means ________.
A．water pollution. B．plastic pollution. C．air pollution.
3．When we go shopping, we’d better use ________.
A．plastic bags. B．shopping cards. C．shopping bags.
4．How many suggestions does the writer give in the passage to be carbon neutral?_______.
A．5. B．6. C．7.
5．What is the main idea of the passage?_______.
A．Live a low carbon life. B．Sore the rubbish. C．Travel in a green way.
阅读理解之三
Recently, a junior high school sent several students back home because they broke the school uniform（校服）rules. Should students wear school uniforms? The Young World magazine held a discussion on this topic（话题）.
Kennedy: The school uniform is very important, because it always reminds me that I should study hard. It also helps prevent school bullying（欺凌）. If everyone wears the same clothes, it is impossible to laugh at other people’s clothing.
Manson: The uniform has to be earned（获得）through efforts(努力). Students should start school with no uniforms. As they make progress at school, they start wearing it. I always think children need to be proud of their school. The uniform is important for that. So, make students earn it! If they don’t work well, they should not be allowed to get one.
Moorhead: In my opinion, kids don’t have to wear uniforms. There should be more choices open to kids in education. They should develop their own independence(独立) and just be themselves. Their personalities(个性) would be expressed through their own clothes at school. And different dress could be one way of showing their understanding of beauty. Besides, they make the school lively and colorful.
Patrick: I can see the advantages(优点) of wearing school uniforms. They play a very important role in managing schools. However, a school should not depend heavily on uniforms to improve students’ behaviors. Teaching them how to express themselves with confidence（信心）is more important.
1．What does the writer mean to do in Paragraph 1?________.
A．Present an opinion on a subject.
B．Introduce a topic for discussion.
C．Provide a way to solve problems.
2．What is Kennedy in the second paragraph?_______.
A．A student. B．A teacher. C．A parent.
3．In Manson’s opinion, _______ .
A．students have the right to get school uniforms for free
B．students should be encouraged to earn school uniforms
C．students working well needn’t wear school uniforms
4．According to Patrick, what is more important?
A．Managing schools by uniforms.
B．Improving students’ behaviors.
C．Helping students express themselves confidently.
5．We can learn from the text that _______ .
A．Kennedy can’t stand school uniforms
B．Moorhead is against school uniform rules
C．the writer holds the same opinion as Patrick’s
阅读理解之四
Next month, The 9th graders will graduate from their school. As for their middle school life, they have different thoughts.
I will remember my seventh grade math teacher. He is a kind helpful man.When I lost heart in my math with the mark of under fifty, he told me his middle school life. He was also poor in his math, but he worked hard at it. He succeeded at last. He believed I would be successful like him in the future.
Kate
My favorite subject is music and I’m very good at piano now. I hope to be a pianist in the future. When I’m free on weekends, my parents send me to the piano lessons.
Jimmy
When I have time, I always play sports with my classmates. We make a basketball team and we call it “Dream Team”. So you must be able to guess our goal in the future. But you can’t think our grades are very terrible. We all want to make our dream come true.
Ken
The unforgettable thing is my pen pal, Tommy is from Australia. He often tells me something interesting by e-mail. We communicate with each other every day. He always encourages me. However, when I leave my middle school, he tells me that he is actually( 实际)my father who often takes me to some parks or zoos in London.
Cindy
1．Why did Kate want to give up her math?_______.
A．Because she didn’t like it at all.
B．Because her math mark was always under 50.
C．Because she didn’t like her math teacher.
D．Because she thought math was too difficult.
2．Who support Jimmy to learn piano?_______.
A．His parents. B．His teacher.
C．His brother. D．His grandparents.
3．Ken likes very much according to the passage.
A．music B．art C．biology D．sports
4．How does Cindy communicate with her pen pal?_______.
A．By telephone. B．By letter.
C．By computer. D．By mobile phone.
5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?_______.
A．Kate gets bored about math now.
B．Ken doesn’t have good grades.
C．Cindy’s pen pal is really her father.
D．Jimmy doesn’t love his parents.
任务型阅读
Life will probably be very different in 2050. First of all, TV channels will have disappeared by 2050. Instead, people will choose a program from a “menu” and a computer will send the program directly to the television. Today, we can use the World Wide Web to read newspaper stories and see pictures on a computer thousands of kilometers away. By 2050, music, films, programs, newspapers and books will come to us in this way.
　　In many places, agriculture is developing quickly and people are growing fruit and vegetables for export. This uses a lot of water. Therefore, there could be serious shortages. Some futurologists(未来学家) predict that water could be the cause of wars if we don’t act now.
　　In the future, it will be much easier and faster to travel. Cars will run on new, clean fuels and they will go very fast. Cars will have computers to control the speed of them and there won’t be any accidents. Today, many cars have computers that tell drivers exactly where they are. In 2050, the computer will control the car and drive it to your destination. Space planes will take people around the world in 2 hours. In 2050, space planes will fly people from America to Japan in just two hours.
　　 Some big companies now prefer to use robots that do not ask for pay and work 24 hours a day. In 2050, we will see robots everywhere---in factories, schools, offices, hospitals, shops and homes.?
　　By 2050, we will be able to help blind and deaf people see and hear again. In the last few years, scientists have discovered how to control genes and have already produced clones of animals. By 2050, scientists will be able to produce clones of people and decide how they look, how they behave and how much intelligence they have. Scientists will be able to do these things, but should they?
1题完成句子;2、3题简略回答问题;4题找出并写下全文的主题句;5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
1.Today we can read newspaper stories and see pictures _______very far away.?
2.What is the reason for no accidents in the future?
________________________________________.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　3.How long will it take people fly to Japan from America by space plane in 2050?
________________________________________.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　4.?________________________________________.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.?________________________________________。　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考答案与解析
阅读理解之一
【分析】这篇文章讲述了在学校这个小社会里，校园欺凌时有发生。校园欺凌是一个越来越受到社会关注的大问题。在学校我们应该学会保护自己。
【解答】
1.D. 细节理解题。文中第二段For example后例举了A、B、C三种校园欺凌行为，而选项D. All the above.意思是：以上都是，故选D。
2.D. 词意理解题。第三段第一个句子School bullying is a big problem that has got more and more attention in society.意思是校园欺凌是一个越来越受到社会关注的大问题。这里的“big”通过阅读既不是“interesting”、“boring”，也不是“great”，而是说校园欺凌是一个严重严肃的问题，故选D。
3.B. 细节理解题。通过阅读这篇文章第四段，文中例举了三种了我对阻止校园恶霸的一些想法。根据题意，顾选B。
4.A. 推理判断题。最后一段句子It's everyone's duty to make schools safe.意思是：保证学校安全是每个人的责任。选项A．To make schools safe的意思：使学校安全。这里的不定式短语做了句子的主语，故选A。
5.A.主旨大意题。这篇文章开宗明义，以问题“How can we protect ourselves at School?在学校我们如何保护自己？”开头，教育我们在校园里要学会保护自己，故选A.
【点评】这篇文章阅读难度不大，同学们在快速阅读中，了解校园欺凌是一个越来越受到社会关注的大问题。在学校我们应该保护好自己。
阅读理解之二
【分析】文章介绍了保护环境和实现低碳生活的一些建议。
【解答】
1.C.细节理解题。根据“Travel in a green way...we can save energy and reduce pollution.”可知，驾车对环境没有好处，故选C。
2.B.细节理解题。根据“Cut down white pollution. We should reduce the use of plastic bags.”可知，白色污染就是塑料污染，故选B。
3.C.细节理解题。根据“When you go to the supermarket, bring your own shopping bags.”可知，当我们购物的时候，我们应该带自己的购物袋，故选C。
4.B.细节理解题。根据“Travel in a green way.”以及“Cut down white pollution.”以及“Save water.”以及“Sore (分类) the rubbish.”以及“Plant more trees.”以及“Use both sides of the paper.”可知，文中一共提到了6条建议，故选B。
5.A.主旨大意题。根据“ So, as middle school students, what can we do to protect the environment and live a low carbon life? Here are some suggestions for you.”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍了保护环境和过低碳生活的一些建议，故选A。
【点评】低碳生活是当今社会的一个重要话题，关系到今后社会的发展，是考试热点之一，做题时要在快速理解好文意的基础上，从文章中找到相关细节性的句子与选项细细比对，进行选择或推理判断，选出符合文章内容的正确选项。
阅读理解之三
【分析】短文就学生是否应该穿校服这一话题展开讨论。Kennedy认为穿校服很重要，可以提醒学生努力学习，它也有助于防止学校欺凌事件的发生。Manson认为应该鼓励学生通过自己的表现来获得校服，如果学生表现不好，就不应该允许他们穿校服。Moorhead反对学校穿校服的规定。Patrick认为穿校服在学校管理方面起着非常重要的作用，然而教给学生如何自信地表达自己更重要。
【解答】
1.B.主旨大意题。根据第一段中的句子“Should students wear school uniforms? The Young World magazine held a discussion on this topic（话题）.”学生应该穿校服吗？The Young World杂志就这个话题进行了讨论。可知作者在第一段介绍了一个将要讨论的主题。故答案为B。
2.A.细节判断题。根据第二段中的句子“The school uniform is very important, because it always reminds me that I am supposed to go out of my way to study hard.”校服很重要，因为它总是提醒我要努力学习。由此判断Kennedy是一名在校学生，故答案为A。
3.B.细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子“So, make students earn it! If they don’t perform well, they should not be allowed to get one.”让学生们赢得校服！如果他们表现不好，就不应该允许他们得到校服。由此可知，Manson认为应该鼓励学生通过自己的表现来获得校服。故答案为B。
4.C.细节理解题。根据短文最后一句“Teaching them how to express themselves with confidence is more important.”教给他们如何自信地表达自己更重要。因此在Patrick看来，帮助学生自信地表达自己更重要。故答案为C。
5.B.细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Kennedy认为校服很重要，A答案错误；根据第三段中的句子“In my opinion, kids don’t have to wear uniforms.”可知，Moorhead反对学校穿校服的规定，B答案正确；，我们无法判断作者倾向于哪个观点，C答案错误，故答案选B。
【点评】学生应该穿校服吗？青年世界杂志就这个话题进行了讨论。文章列举了四个人对学生穿校服的个人观点，考生通过阅读文章，快速理解大意，结合各题干的意思，选出正确答案。
阅读理解之四
【分析】文章介绍了九年级几位同学毕业前对于初中生活的不同的想法。
【解答】
1.B.细节理解题。根据“When I lost heart in my math with the mark of under fifty”可知，因为她的数学成绩总是在50分以下，故选B。
2.A.细节理解题。根据“When I’m free on weekends, my parents send me to the piano lessons.”可知，是他的父母送他去学钢琴，故选A。
3.D.,细节理解题。根据“When I have time, I always play sports with my classmates.”可知，Ken喜欢运动，故选D。
4.C.推理判断题。根据“He often tells me something interesting by e-mail. We communicate with each other every day.”可知，他们通过电子邮件联系，由此可知，他们是通过电脑联系的，故选C。
5.C.推理判断题。根据“The unforgettable thing is my pen pal...he tells me that he is actually my father who often takes me to some parks or zoos in London.”可知，Cindy’s的笔友实际上就是她的父亲，故选C。
【点评】这是一个图表题，表达了4位即将毕业的九年级学生对学校生活记忆和想法，文章比较易于理解，考生在快速阅读的基础上，结合题干做出正确选择。
任务型阅读
【分析】本文为一篇说明文。阐述的是作者对2050年生活的畅想。
【解答】
1.答案：on a computer.细节理解题。本文第一段中句子Today, we can use the World Wide Web to read newspaper stories and see pictures on a computer thousands of kilometers away. 意思是：今天，我们可以利用网络在数千公里外的电脑上阅读报纸新闻和图片。故填on a computer。
2.答案:Cars will have computers to control the speed of them.细节理解题。第三段中： Cars will have computers to control the speed of them and there won’t be any accidents. 意思是：汽车有电脑控制速度，不会发生任何事故。前半句是原因，后半句是结果。故答案为Cars will have computers to control the speed of them.
3.答案：Just two hours. 细节理解题。根据文中第三段的最后句子In 2050, space planes will fly people from America to Japan in just two hours.意思是：2050年，太空飞机将在两小时内，把人们从美国送到日本。故答案为Just two hours。
4.答案：Life will probably be very different in 2050.主旨大意题。文章第一句话即为主旨句，开门见山阐述作者对未来的想法。意思是：2050年的生活可能会大不相同。
5.答案：目前,一些大公司更喜欢使用既不要工资又能每天工作24小时的机器人。
【点评】这篇文章主要是作者对2050年人们生活的预测。考生阅读本文，在理解文意的基础上，抓住文章细节，准确完成阅读任务。