高中英语高考题型天天练（8）（35分钟，含解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高中英语高考题型天天练（八）
（时间：35分钟）
一.阅读理解
A
Detecting drugs used to be a special job for dogs, but now a drug detection team is welcoming some new colleagues—squirrels. Six Eurasian red squirrels were trained and approved for work responsibilities by police in Chongqing in February.
Squirrels have a sharp sense of smell as they can smell food under a foot (about 30 centimeters) of snow. Being so small and quick, the “newcomers” are able to search for drugs in places where dogs may not be able to reach, such as in narrow spaces or on top of packages stacked (堆) high in warehouses. The squirrels have been trained to use their claws to scratch at boxes in order to catch their handlers’ attention if they detect drugs, according to local Chongqing police authorities.
“Our self-developed training system can be applied to the training of various animals,” Yin Jin, a police dog handler in Chongqing, told Global Times, adding that the training has really good results as the squirrels can quickly identify drugs. Although the system is designed for dogs, it can show some information on how squirrels are trained as well.
According to a research article published in the journal China Working Dog which details the program, conditioning (训练) the animals’ reflexes (反射) is the key factor. First, the animals are familiarized with the target’s smell and do special gestures when they smell their target. For example, for explosive detection dogs, the handlers place pieces of cloth with the smell of the explosives next to the dogs’ food.
Next, the animals learn to search for the target under various conditions. From a large number of luggage bags to people walking in crowds, the handlers create different situations to test the animals. If the animals successfully identify the location of the target, the animals are then rewarded with snacks and other treats. The animals are soon able to search for targets spontaneously (自动地), showing that the conditioned reflex has been built in them. Their training ends with practice sessions in real-life scenarios.
1. What would the squirrels do once they identify drugs
A. Use their claws to take the drugs. B. Enjoy treats from the handlers.
C. Scratch at the surface of packages. D. Search for drugs with the same smell.
2. What is one advantage of using squirrels for drug detection mentioned in the article
A. Squirrels can detect drugs hidden under the earth.
B. Squirrels are better at identifying explosives than dogs.
C. Squirrels can access narrow spaces or high packages.
D. Squirrels requires less training than dogs for drug detection.
3. What is of vital importance for the animals’ successful detection
A. Developing the immediate reactions of animals.
B. Familiarizing the animals with the target’s smell.
C. Doing special gestures when they smell their target.
D. Involving practice sessions under different conditions.
4. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. The Role of Animals in Drug Detection
B. A New Member in the Drug Detection Force
C. The Challenges of Training Squirrels for Drug Detection
D. Chongqing Police’s Training Program for Sniffer Animals
B
The twilight (朦胧的) time between full wakefulness and being sound asleep may be packed with creative potential, In a new experiment, people who went into a light sleep were better problem solvers later.
It is said that the famous inventor, Thomas Edison, used to fall asleep in a chair holding two steel balls. As he nodded off, the balls fell into metal pans. The resulting noise woke him. Then, he could write down his inventive ideas before he fell into a deep sleep and forgot them.
Researchers tested Edison’s method of cultivating creativity with 103 healthy people. Volunteers came to the lab to solve a tricky number problem. They were asked to change a string of numbers into a shorter sequence (序列). They were told to follow two simple rules. What the volunteers weren’t told was that there was an easy trick to do this task. The second number in the sequence would always be the correct final number, too. Once discovered, this trick dramatically cut the solving time.
After doing this task 60 times, the volunteers earned a 20-minute break. This downtime was spent in a quiet, dark room. Volunteers sat in chairs and held a version of the steel balls that Edison used as “alarm clocks”—it was a light drinking bottle in one dangling (悬垂) hand. The researchers told participants to close their eyes and rest or sleep if they desired.
About half of the participants stayed awake. Twenty-four fell asleep and stayed in the shallow, twilight stage of sleep called N1. Fourteen others progressed to N2, a deeper stage of sleep.
After their rest, participants returned to their number problem. The researchers saw a clear difference between the groups. People who had fallen into a shallow, early sleep were 2.7 times as likely to spot the hidden trick as people who stayed awake. Shallow sleepers were 5.8 times as likely to spot the trick as people who reached the deeper N2 stage.
5. What can be inferred about Thomas Edison
A. His creative ideas were often forgotten.
B. He woke himself up from a light sleep on purpose.
C. His sleeping pattern was copied by 24 volunteers.
D. He once got inspiration from a metal ball and a metal pan.
6. What were the volunteers asked to do in the experiment
A. Work out a number sequence.
B. Find out the rules in a sequence of words.
C. Describe what happened in their shallow sleep.
D. Pick out the wanted numbers in the shortest time.
7. Which group of volunteers did best in the experiment
A. Those who stayed awake.
B. Those who slept for the longest hours.
C. Those who woke up from the stage of N1.
D. Those who woke up from the stage of N2.
8. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Write down Your Ideas before You Forget
B. Shallow Sleepers May Be Better Inventors
C. Nodding off May Turn Your Creativity on
D. Number Problems Are Solved in a Deep Sleep
二、七选五
Critical reading is active reading. It involves more than just understanding what an author is saying. Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying and forming your own opinions. 9
● Consider the context of what is written.
You may be reading something that was written by an author from a different cultural context than yours. Or, you may be reading something written some time ago in a different time context than yours. In either case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author.
● 10
Don’t accept what is written at face value. Before accepting what is written, be certain that the author provides sufficient support for any statements made. Look for facts, examples, and statistics that provide support. Also, look to see if the author has integrated the work of authorities.
● Analyze assumptions made by the author.
Assumptions are whatever the author must believe is true in order to make statements. 11 This means you must read carefully in order to identify any assumptions. Once you identify an assumption, you must decide whether or not the assumption is valid.
● 12
In doing this, be certain that the sources are reliable. For example, Einstein is a reliable source if the author is writing about landmark achievements in physics.
13 Einstein is not a relevant source when the subject is poetry. Finally, if the author is writing about a subject in its current state, be sure that the sources are current. For example, studies done by Einstein in the early 20th century may not be appropriate if the writer is discussing the current state of knowledge in physics.
A. Evaluate the sources the author uses.
B. Question statements made by the author.
C. Also be certain that the sources are relevant.
D. Identify any possible prejudice the author has.
E. Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.
F. The reasons why you should be a critical reader are as follows.
G. In many cases, the author’s assumptions are not directly stated
三、完形填空
When it comes to building a life together, putting down roots is an important step. For many 14 , a home that belongs to both partners —whether it’s a house, townhouse or flat—is a special part of the 15 .
Annie and Abby, a couple living in suburban Minneapolis, Minnesota, wanted to find a house where they could 16 a big garden together. They now live happily in a 17 1940s bungalow (平房) on a quiet, tree-lined street. The home they’ve lovingly 18 and renewed has polished hardwood floors, a bay window, sunroom and, of course, the garden where Abby spends most of her time during 19 weathers.
Much like the couple’s five-year relationship, the house has 20 bones and lots of potential for beauty, but it’s been a process to get there. In 2019, the pair was living in a two-bedroom flat that Abby 21 from her grandfather near Bde Maka Ska, on the chain of lakes in Minneapolis.
While 22 their wedding, they realized they didn’t want to continue living in a walk-up building with no reserved parking and a laundry room shared
23 their fellow residents. So, while they dreamed about saying “I do” in front of treasured friends and family members, they also 24 themselves to dream about buying a home.
25 , they ran into their realtor (房地产经纪人) at a festival celebration that spring. And, with historically low interest 26 , they started shopping for a mortgage preapproval. It 27 that those were the easy elements. Finding a house, however, proved more 28 .
14. A. couples B. parents C. friends D. relatives
15. A. affection B. heart C. journey D. department
16. A. grow B. purchase C. cover D. rebuild
17. A. vivid B. modern C. regular D. cozy
18. A. reinforced B. recharged C. updated D. explored
19. A. outgoing B. fair C. stormy D. severe
20. A. tolerant B. supportive C. thorough D. solid
21. A. detected B. owned C. reserved D. ordered
22. A. planning B. dominating C. hosting D. launching
23. A. along B. among C. for D. from
24. A. chased B. included C. forced D. allowed
25. A. On purpose B. In contrast C. By accident D. At ease
26. A. speeds B. ways C. rates D. risks
27. A. got around B. turned out C. came about D. broke out
28. A. creative B. deep C. valuable D. challenging
四、语法填空
An art exhibition themed on the bird Nipponia Nippon is being held in Shanghai as part of efforts to promote the harmony 29 human and nature as well as communication between China, Japan and South Korea.
Nipponia Nippon, or Zhuhuan (朱鹮) in Chinese, 30 (know) as an auspicious (吉祥的) bird in oriental culture. In 1981, only seven wild Nipponia Nippon were found in Hanzhong of Shaanxi Province, 31 unveiled (揭开) the protection and breeding of the bird. China then sent some birds to Japan and South Korea in the 32 (follow) years, an act which gifted the bird its nickname “friendship ambassador”.
People from the three countries have deep affection for the bird, which
33 (become) a symbol of friendship by now. Since 1985, these birds from China have been settling down in Japan and South Korea. This has not only created 34 (condition) for the protection and rebuilding of the bird community in the two countries, 35 also created the opportunity to build a new bridge to promote 36 (ecology) civilization construction based on the cooperation of the three countries. A seminar of the same name was held recently. During 37 event, experts from the three countries shared their experience and views on 38 (protect) the bird and bilateral cooperation.
【附：解析】
一、阅读理解
【A篇】
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与社会。本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了警方训练松鼠去搜查毒品。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The squirrels have been trained to use their claws to scratch at boxes to draw their handlers’ attention if they detect drugs, according to local Chongqing police authorities. (据重庆当地警方称，这些松鼠经过训练，一旦发现毒品，它们就会用爪子抓箱子，以引起饲养员的注意)”可知，松鼠在发现毒品后会用爪子抓箱子来提醒它们的饲养员。
2. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Being so small and quick, the “newcomers” are able to search for drugs in places where dogs may not be able to reach，such as in narrow spaces or on top of packages stacked (堆) high in warehouses. (由于体积小、速度快，这些“新来者”能够在狗可能够不到的地方搜索毒品，比如狭窄的空间里，或者在仓库里堆叠得很高的包裹顶部。)”可知，在毒品检测方面，松鼠相比于狗来说，松鼠可以进入仓库狭窄的空间或到达高处的包裹。
3. A 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The animals are soon able to search for targets spontaneously (自动地)，showing that the conditioned reflex has been built in them. (动物很快就能自动地寻找目标，这表明条件反射已经在体内建立起来了)”可知，动物自动寻找目标时，就表明它们已经发展出条件反射，因此形成条件反射对于动物成功探测是最重要的。
4. B主旨大意题。根据第一段内容“Detecting drugs used to be a special job for dogs, but now a drug detection team is welcoming some new colleagues-squirrels. Six Eurasian red squirrels were trained and approved for work responsibilities by police in Chongqing in February. ( 探测毒品曾经是狗的一项特殊工作，但现在一个毒品探测小组正在欢迎一些新同事——松鼠。今年2月，重庆警方对6只欧亚红松鼠进行了培训，并批准了它们的工作职责。)”以及下文内容可知，本文主要讲述了重庆警方训练松鼠进行毒品探测，迎来松鼠成为新同事，共同探测毒品，因此推断B项“毒品侦缉队的新成员”为最佳标题。
【B篇】
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与自我。文章讲述了一项新的研究结果：在清醒和熟睡之间的朦胧状态时，人的思维可能具有创造性。
5. B 推理判断题。根据第二段“It is said that the famous inventor, Thomas Edison, used to fall asleep in a chair holding two steel balls. As he nodded off, the balls fell into metal pans. The resulting noise woke him. Then, he could write down his inventive ideas before he fell into a deep sleep and forgot them.(据说，著名的发明家爱迪生曾经抱着两个钢球在椅子上睡着。就在他打瞌睡的时候，球掉进了金属锅里。由此产生的噪音吵醒了他。然后，他就可以在进入深度睡眠并忘记之前，把他的创意写下来)”可知，爱迪生用钢球和金属平底锅的撞击声将自己弄醒，为的是把朦胧状态中的创造性想法记下来。
6. A 细节理解题。根据第三段“They were asked to change a string of numbers into a shorter sequence (序列).(他们被要求改变字符串的数字变成短序列)”可知，在实验中志愿者被要求通过计算改变字符串。然后变成短序列。
7. C 细节理解题。根据第五段“Twenty-four fell asleep and stayed in the shallow, twilight stage of sleep called N1.(24人睡着了，并停留在被称为N1的浅的、朦胧的睡眠阶段)”以及最后一段“People who had fallen into a shallow, early sleep were 2.7 times as likely to spot the hidden trick as people who stayed awake. Shallow sleepers were 5.8 times as likely to spot the trick as people who reached the deeper N2 stage.(过早浅睡的人发现隐藏的秘密的可能性是保持清醒的人的2.7倍。浅睡眠者发现这一诡计的可能性是深N2睡眠者的5.8倍)”可知，浅睡中醒来的人在实验中表现得最好，即N1阶段的人表现最好。
8. C主旨大意题。根据第一段“In a new experiment, people who went into a light sleep were better problem solvers later.(在新的实验中,进入浅睡眠的人更好的问题解决者)”可知，本文介绍了一项研究发现：在清醒和熟睡之间的朦胧状态时，人的思维可能具有创造性。由此可知，Nodding off May Turn Your Creativity on(打盹可以激发你的创造力)适合作本文最佳标题。
二、七选五
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与自我。本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何成为一名批判性的读者。
9. E 空格前说“Critical reading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying and forming your own opinions.(。批判性阅读包括质疑和评估作者所说的内容，形成自己的观点。)”，空格后是一些方法，因此空格处应引出有方法可以让人成为批判性读者，E选项“Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader.(要成为一个批判性的读者，以下是你应该做的事情。)”引出下文的方法，因此E选项承上启下。
10. B 空格处是本段的小标题，由空格后的“Don’t accept what is written at face value. Before accepting what is written, be certain that the author provides sufficient support for any statements made. Look for facts, examples, and statistics that provide support. Also, look to see if the author has integrated the work of authorities.(不要接受表面的内容。在接受所写的内容之前，要确定作者对任何陈述都提供了足够的支持。寻找能够提供支持的事实、例子和统计数据。另外，看看作者是否整合了权威的作品。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要质疑作者所写的内容，B选项“Question statements made by the author.(质疑作者做出的陈述。)”概括了本段的主题。
11. G 空格前说“Assumptions are whatever the author must believe is true in order to make statements.(假设是作者为了陈述而必须相信的东西。)”，空格后说“This means you must read carefully in order to identify any assumptions.(这意味着你必须仔细阅读，以识别任何假设。)”，这说明假设不是那么容易识别的，G选项“In many cases, the author’s assumptions are not directly stated.(在许多情况下，作者的假设没有直接陈述。)”说明了假设不容易识别，这就需要仔细阅读，因此G选项承上启下。
12. A 空格处是本段小标题，由空格后的“In doing this, be certain that the sources are reliable.(在这样做时，要确保消息来源是可靠的。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要识别作者所写东西的信息来源，A选项“Evaluate the sources the author uses.(评估作者使用的信息来源。)”说明了要识别作者使用的信息来源，概括了本段主题。
13. C空格后说“Einstein is not a relevant source when the subject is poetry.(当主题是诗歌时，爱因斯坦不是一个相关的资料来源。)”，因此空格处应说到要确保资料来源是相关的，C选项“Also be certain that the sources are relevant.(也要确定来源是相关的。)”说明要确保信息来源是相关的，因此C选项承上启下。
三、完形填空
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是记叙文，主题语境为人与社会。本文以Annie and Abby夫妇拥有自己的房子为例讲述了家园对夫妇们的重要性。
14. A【解析】根据下文Annie and Abby, a couple living in suburban Minneapolis…可知，本文是以Annie and Abby夫妇拥有自己的房子为例讲述了家园对夫妇们的重要性。couples意为“夫妇”，符合语境；parents意为“父母”；friends意为“朋友”；relatives意为“亲属”。
15. C【解析】根据上文When it comes to building a life together…可知，本句使用了暗喻的修辞手法。句意为：夫妻一起构建生活就是营造人生的旅途，有一个家园也就是这个旅途中的一部分。journey意为“旅途”，符合语境；affection意为“爱情”；department意为“部门”。
16. A 【解析】根据下文…of course, the garden where Abby spends most of her time…可知，Abby在有了自己的房子之后，就花了很多的时间在花园里。这也就是说，Abby在种植花园（里的花草）。grow意为“栽种；种植”，符合语境；purchase意为“购买”；cover意为“覆盖”；rebuild意为“重建”。
17. D【解析】根据上文中的happily，Abby夫妇住在二十世纪的房子里是快乐的。相应地，他们的房子也应该是令人惬意的。cozy意为“令人感到温暖舒适的”，符合语境；amused意为“愉快的”，常修饰人；tasteless意为“不可口的；粗俗的”；regular意为“定期的”。
18. C 【解析】根据下文and renewed has polished hardwood floors中的renewed和polished可知，Abby夫妇更新了他们新购买的房子。update意为“更新；使现代化”，符合语境；reinforce意为“加固”；recharge意为“充电；（人）修整”；explore意为“探索”。
19. B 【解析】根据上文Abby spends most of her time可知，既然能够让Abby在花园里种植花园的天气一定是晴朗的。fair意为“晴朗的”，符合语境；outgoing意为“外向的；容易相处的”，常修饰人；responsible意为“负责任的”；severe意为“严重的”。
20. D 【解析】根据上文Much like the couple’s five-year relationship可知，Abby夫妻关系已经持续5年，而他们的房子正如他们的这种可靠的感情。solid意为“可靠的”，符合语境；tolerant意为“宽容的；能在困难条件下生存的”；supportive意为“支持的”；thorough意为“彻底的；完全的”。
21. B 【解析】根据下文they realized they didn’t want to continue living in a walk-up building可知，Abby夫妇当初居住在一个无电梯的楼房里。而且，这个房子是来自她的祖父。因此，这个房子应该属于Abby的。own意为“拥有”，符合语境；detecte意为“侦探”；reserve意为“预定；预留”；aime意为“目的在于”。
22. A 【解析】根据下文while they dreamed about saying “I do” in front of treasured friends and family members可知，当他们梦想着在珍贵的朋友和家人面前说“我愿意嫁给/娶对方”时，Abby夫妇就有改变房子的计划了。plan意为“计划”，符合语境；dominate意为“支配”；sharpen意为“改进”；launch意为“发起”。
23. B 【解析】根据上文a walk-up building with no reserved parking and a laundry room可知，Abby夫妇居住的无电梯的楼房条件艰苦，没有专用车位，共用洗衣房。among意为“在……中；与……在一起”；along意为“沿着”。
24. D 【解析】根据上文while they dreamed about saying “I do” in front of treasured friends and family members可知，Abby夫妇有两个梦想：一个是结婚，另外一个是买房子。allow意为“允许；给予；留出；给出”，符合语境；chase意为“追赶”；include意为“包括”；force意为“强迫”。
25. C 【解析】根据下文they found their realtor at a festival celebration that spring可知，他们那年春天在一个节日活动里碰到了自己的房地产经纪人，这是意外的。By accident意为“碰巧地”，符合语境；on purpose意为“有目的地”；in contrast意为“相比较地”；at east意为“轻松地”。
26. C 【解析】根据下文they started shopping for a mortgage preapproval可知，Abby夫妇开始购买抵押贷款，其原因在于历史上利率较低。rate意为“费率”，符合语境；risk意为“风险”。
27. B 【解析】根据下文the easy elements和proved可知，本句讲述的是作者在经过一系列事情之后的感悟。turn out意为“结果是；最终发现”，符合语境；come about意为“发生”；contribute to意为“导致”；break down意为“崩溃、抛锚”。
28. D 【解析】根据上文the easy elements和however可知，找到合适的房子实际上是一件很难的事情。challenging意为“困难的；有挑战性的”，符合语境；creative意为“创造性的”；valuable意为“有价值的”。
四、语法填空
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是新闻报道，主题语境为人与自然。本文介绍了一场以朱鹮为主题的艺术展在上海举行。1981年，在陕西省的汉中只发现了7只野生朱鹮，后来中国加强了对这种鸟的保护和繁殖，并将一些鸟作为“友谊大使”送到了日本和韩国。这种鸟作为促进人类与自然的和谐以及中、日、韩三国文化交流的一部分，促进了生态文明建设。
29. between 考查介词。句意为：作为促进人与自然和谐的一部分，一场以朱鹮为主题的艺术展览正在上海举行。分析句意及human and nature可知，此处表示“在人与自然之间”，在两者之间用介词between。
30. is known 考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意为：朱鹮在东方文化中被当作吉祥鸟。be known as意为“被当作”，主语为单数第三人称，谓语动词也应用单数，且此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。
31. which 考查定语从句。句意为：1981年，在陕西省的汉中仅仅发现了7只野生朱鹮，这揭开对这种鸟的保护和繁殖的序幕。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句，关系词在从句中充当主语。
32. following 考查词性转换。句意为：在接下来的几年里，中国送给了日本和韩国一些朱鹮。空后面为名词years，空前应该使用形容词，follow的形容词形式为following。
33. has become 考查动词的时态。句意为：来自这三个国家的人对这种鸟有着深厚的感情，它已经成为友谊的象征。设空处表明了主句产生的影响，所以需要填现在完成时。
34. conditions 考查名词的单复数。句意为：这不仅为保护和重建两国的鸟类群落创造了条件，而且还在三国的合作下创造了促进生态文明建设桥梁的机会。condition意为“条件”，为可数名词，此处其前无限定词，且根据句意可知，此处应用复数形式。
35. but 考查固定搭配。句意见上一题解析。固定搭配not only… but also… 意为“不仅……而且……”
36. ecological 考查词性转换。句意见第61题解析。空格处应用形容词修饰后面的名词短语civilization construction，ecology的形容词形式为ecological。
37. the 考查冠词。句意为：在那次活动中，三国的专家分享了他们对鸟类和双边合作的经验和看法。此处特指上文出现的A seminar of the same name事件，应用定冠词。故填the。
38. protecting 考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。空格前为介词on，应用动名词作介词的宾语。