高中英语高考题型天天练（4）（35分钟，含解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高中英语高考题型天天练（三）
（时间：35分钟）
一.阅读理解
A
Outdoor Observations: K-5th Grade Student Competition
CALLING ALL OUTDOOR EXPLORERS! The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) wants you to go outside and observe the world around you! You are asked to find something in the outdoors that you think is interesting and discover more about it! Take the chance to win one of our outdoor explorer bundles(包)! Four prizes will be awarded to two winners per grade band —— two for K-2nd grade and two for 3rd-5th.
A completed project should include:
·A photo or drawing of the interesting thing you observed outdoors.
·A question that you have about the interesting thing.
·What you think the answer to your question is.
·An investigation into whether your answer is correct or not.
Please note:
·You must be a student in a U.S. school.
·If your submission is a link, make sure the privacy and sharing settings allow reviewers to access it. If it is not accessible, it may not be scored.
·Do not include your last name on your presentation——just first name and state. You can put your personal information on the submission form, but for your privacy when we upload, we
will need your presentation without personal identification.
·Make sure you include your parent’s contact information so we can get their permission to post your file on our website.
·The contest opens on May 1, 2024. The deadline for submissions is 11:59 pm. EST on May 31, 2024.
·Winners will be announced in late June.
If you have any questions, please contact STEMEd@orau.org.
1. What is the purpose of ORISE’s competition
A. To test students’ observation ability. B. To promote outdoor explorer bundles.
C. To encourage students to explore the outdoors. D. To compare outdoor education in U.S. schools.
2. What should be included in a completed project
A. The links you have referenced. B. The reason you choose the thing.
C. The facts you know about the thing. D. The picture of the thing you choose.
3. What is required of the contestants
A. Including a parent’s contact information. B. Making submissions before May 1, 2024.
C. Emailing projects to STEMEd@orau.org. D. Writing their full name on the presentation.
B
What are the limits of the human body Is there a point at which it is physically impossible to do something
“One thing we’ve all learned in the last 30 years or so is that just about anything is humanly possible,” says Dr. Jack Wilmore, author of Physiology of Sport and Exercise. “As time goes by, I think you’ll see more records continue to fall in every sport. The talent pool is better than ever. With more and better athletes involved and competing, records will fall and new standards will be set.”
Many believed it was physically impossible for a human to run a mile in under four minutes, but Roger Bannister proved that theory wrong with a three-minute, 59-second mile in 1954. Today, sub-four-minute miles are considered routine even in high school. And Bob Beamon stretched human performance in the 1968 Olympics with his historic long jump of 8.90 metres. In an event where a record is usually broken by mere inches, he broke the previous jump record by more than 21 inches, but even his record was broken in 1991.
One factor is now becoming more understood and heavily emphasized: sports psychology. Getting inside the athlete’s head can be as effective as training and long workouts. According to Wilmore, the psychological aspect of sports has become more and more esteemed. He points out that most professional teams have hired sports psychologists for their players.
In addition, every aspect of athletics --- training, nutrition, injury treatment --- is far better than it’s ever been. “Besides, children today tend to specialize in one or two sports instead of competing in several as was common twenty-five years ago,” Wilmore says. “That means they start concentrating on a sport much earlier and more intensely, and they become much better at it.”
“There’s a lot we don’t know yet about the human body,” he adds. “And one of those things is the full range of human potential. It would be foolish to try and put limits on what the human body can do.”
4. Which statement will Wilmore probably agree with
A. It is preferable to set universal standards for athletes.
B. Athletes will become the most sought-after celebrities.
C. It is necessary for athletes to learn the limits of the body.
D. Athletes will continue to surprise us with their achievements.
5. Why are Roger Bannister and Bob Beamon mentioned in paragraph 3
A. To introduce two great athletes. B. To show some of the latest world records.
C. To prove the limits of the body can be pushed.
D. To explain what athletes can achieve under stress.
6. What does the underlined word “esteemed” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Similar. B. Valued.
C. Complex. D. Specialized.
7. How are today’s children different from those years ago according to Wilmore
A. They participate in far more sports. B. They are less likely to get injured in sports.
C. They begin playing sports at a much earlier age.
D. They become more skilful at one particular sport.
二、七选五
Many families stick to the belief that some schools offer golden tickets for their children’s futures. Whether it’s an Ivy League college or a high-price “dream school,” too many people believe certain schools are worth endless effort, stress and debt. They believe these are magical schools. ____8____ However, studies have shown that major choice has a greater impact on career prospects than the reputation of the college you attend.
For example, if you are interested in pursuing a career in engineering, it is important to choose a college that has a strong engineering program.___9___ While attending a reputable college may offer networking opportunities and access to top resources, the value of these benefits may fall if your major does not align with (与……一致) your career goals.
Furthermore, practical skills and experience are important in today’s job market. Therefore,
choosing a major that provides hands-on experience and opportunities for internships is more likely to lead to employment opportunities than simply attending a reputable college.
____10____ “A graduate with a degree in engineering is going to come in at three times the salary of someone who graduated from Harvard with a soft degree, you know, liberal arts, humanities, whatever,” says Paul Hill, president of Job Search Intelligence in Los Angeles.
Another important factor to consider is the cost of attendance. Attending a reputable college may come with a high price.___11___ Choosing a college that is affordable and offers a strong program in your chosen major is a smart financial decision that can pay off in the long run.
In conclusion, when choosing a college, it is important to prioritize your major over the reputation of the college you attend.___12___
A. That can lead to significant student loan debt.
B. The cost is what matters, not the name of the school.
C. If their child gets in, their life’s road will be surfaced with gold.
D. Dream schools don’t produce happier or more successful people.
E. Your major choice can also have an impact on your earning potential.
F. Similarly, choose a college with a reputable journalism program for a journalism career.
G. Your major plays a significant role in shaping your career prospects and earning potential.
三、完形填空
Our house was across the street from the entrance of a famous hospital in the city. We lived down-stairs and___13___ the upstairs rooms to outpatients (门诊病人) at the clinic. As I was ___14___ supper one summer evening, there was a___15___ at the door. I opened it and saw a truly awful-looking man whose face was swollen and red.
He told me he’d been___16___ a room since noon, but he had no success. “I guess it’s my ___17___. I know it looks terrible, but my doctor says with a few more treatments...”
For a moment, I___18____, but his following words convinced me, “I could sleep in this chair on the porch (门厅). My bus leaves early in the morning.” So I told him we would find him a bed but to rest on the porch.
When I had finished the dishes, I went to talk with him for a few minutes. He told me he fished for a living to___19___ his daughter, her five children, and her husband, who was ___20___ disabled from a back injury. He didn’t tell it by way of complaint, but was grateful that no pain ___21___ his disease, which was a form of skin cancer. He thanked God for giving him the ____22____ to keep going. On his____23____ trip, he brought a big fish as a gift. Other times we received packages in the mail. When I received these packages, I often thought of a(an)____24____ our next-door neighbor made after he left that first morning. “Did you keep that awful-looking man last night You may lose roomers by____25____ such people!”
Maybe we did lose roomers once or twice. But I know our family will always be ____26____to have known him; from him, we learned to accept the bad without____27____ and the good with gratitude.
13. A. relayed B. limited C. rented D. occupied
14. A. storing B. fixing C. debating D. fetching
15. A. voice B. flame C. key D. knock
16. A. hunting for B. relating to C. dealing with D. subscribing to
17. A. virus B. face C. wrist D. ankle
18. A. applauded B. agreed C. hesitated D. backfired
19. A. support B. handle C. bother D. adopt
20. A. severely B. gradually C. literally D. sincerely
21 A. ranked B. abused C. accompanied D. ruined
22. A. strength B. relief C. tendency D. virtue
23. A. critical B. glorious C. miserable D. next
24. A. preference B. decision C. appointment D. remark
25. A. giving away B. turning down C. putting up D. taking out
26. A. desperate B. grateful C. conventional D. powerful
27. A. dignity B. resistance C. hesitation D. complaint
四、语法填空
Thousands of people experienced science firsthand at the annual UNC Science Expo. The Morehead Planetarium and Science Center_____28_____ (host) the annual Expo on April 1 in partnership with students and teachers from Carolina.
UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy staff set up a stand____29____ people could experience different aspects of pharmacy (药学). Kids went through a simulation by putting____30____ special glasses and gloves to try to open a drug bottle and read the medication instructions. They also had the chance to practice _______31_______ (measure) liquid medications with a syringe( 注射器).
“This will be basically a street fair of science celebrating all the amazing research and ____32____(diverse) of UNC’s science departments and many other departments as well,” Will Freund, community engagement specialist, said.
The event featured more than 100 hands-on activities, science demonstrations, games and performances ______33______ (lead) by STEM students and practitioners from the University. Some of the other demonstrations included seeing a chemical reaction and learning how to plant a seed and____34____ (help) it grow.
The UNC Science Expo kicks off the North Carolina Science Festival,____35____ celebration of science across the state throughout April. This is a great opportunity for the next generation to learn about science through ______36______(strike) demonstrations and be inspired to ____37____(possible) pursue science careers in the future.
【附：解析】
一、阅读理解
【A篇】
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是应用文，主题语境为人与社会。文章主要介绍一个户外观察活动比赛并号召学生报名参加。
1. C 细节理解题。由文章第一段“The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) wants you to go outside and observe the world around you! You are asked to find something in the outdoors that you think is interesting and discover more about it! (橡树岭科学与教育研究所（ORISE）希望你走出去，观察你周围的世界！你被要求在户外找到一些你认为有趣的东西，并发现更多关于它的信息！)”可知，该比赛的目的是鼓励学生到户外探险。
2. D 细节理解题。由A completed project should include:中“A photo or drawing of the interesting thing you observed outdoors.(你在户外观察到的有趣事物的照片或图画。)”可知，要求完成的项目应包括你选择的东西的图片。
3. A细节理解题。由Please note:中“Make sure you include your parent’s contact information so we can get their permission to post your file on our website.(请确保您包含您父母的联系信息，以便我们可以获得他们的许可，在我们的网站上发布您的文件。)”可知，参赛者需要提供父母的联系信息。
【B篇】
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与自我。这是一篇说明文。人类不断打破原有的身体极限，创造新的记录。
4. D推理判断题。根据第二段““One thing we’ve all learned …new standards will be set.””（“在过去30年左右的时间里，我们都明白了一件事，那就是几乎任何事情都是人类可能做到的，”《运动与运动生理学》的作者杰克·威尔莫尔博士说。“随着时间的推移，我认为你会在每项运动中看到更多的记录继续被打破。人才储备比以往任何时候都好。随着更多、更好的运动员参与和竞争，记录将被打破，新的标准将被设定。”）可推知，威尔莫尔可能会同意的观点是运动员将继续用他们的成就给我们带来惊喜。
5. C推理判断题。根据第三段“Many believed … in 1991.”（许多人认为，从生理上讲，人类不可能在4分钟内跑完1英里，但罗杰·班尼斯特(Roger Bannister)在1954年以3分59秒跑完1英里的成绩证明了这一理论是错误的。今天，即使在高中，四分钟内跑一英里也被认为是惯例。鲍勃·比蒙(Bob Beamon)在1968年奥运会上创造了8.90米的历史性跳远成绩，超越了人类的极限。在一个通常只需要几英寸就能打破纪录的项目中，他打破了之前的记录，高出21英寸多，但就连他的记录也在1991年被打破了。）可推知，第三段提到了罗杰·班尼斯特和鲍勃·比蒙的例子是为了证明身体的极限是可以突破的。
6. B词义猜测题。根据第四段中“One factor is now becoming more understood and heavily emphasized: sports psychology.”（有一个因素现在被越来越多地理解和重视:运动心理学。）以及“He points out that most professional teams have hired sports psychologists for their players.”（他指出，大多数职业球队都为球员聘请了运动心理学家。）由此可知，此处为根据威尔莫的说法，体育的心理方面越来越受到重视。故可猜测划线单词esteemed为“重视”的意思，结合选项B项Valued“重视”意思一致。
7. D细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中““Besides, children today … become much better at it.””（威尔莫说：“此外，现在的孩子们倾向于专注于一到两项运动，而不是像25年前那样普遍参加几项运动。”“这意味着他们开始更早、更强烈地专注于一项运动，而且他们在这项运动上做得更好。”）可知，根据威尔莫的说法，今天的孩子和那些很多年前的孩子不同之处在于他们在一项特定的运动中变得更加熟练。
二、七选五
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是说明文，主题语境为人与自我。主要介绍了在选择大学时，重要的是优先考虑你的专业，而不是你所上大学的声誉。你的专业在塑造你的职业前景和收入潜力方面起着重要的作用。
8. C根据上文“Whether it’s an Ivy League college or a high-price “dream school,” too many people believe certain schools are worth endless effort, stress and debt. They believe these are magical schools.”（无论是常春藤盟校还是高价的“梦想学校”，太多人认为某些学校值得付出无尽的努力、压力和债务。他们相信这些是魔法学校。）可知，讲的是很多人对梦想学校的追求。以及下文“However, studies have shown that major choice has a greater impact on career prospects than the reputation of the college you attend.”（然而，研究表明，专业选择对职业前景的影响比你所上大学的声誉更大。）和上文形成语意转折，说明另外的情况，由此可知，空格处内容为仍旧陈述对梦想学校的追求。结合选项C项If their child gets in, their life’s road will be surfaced with gold.（如果他们的孩子被录取了，他们的人生之路将铺满金子。）
9. F上文“For example, if you are interested in pursuing a career in engineering, it is important to choose a college that has a strong engineering program.”（例如，如果你对从事工程方面职业感兴趣，那么选择一所工程专业很强的大学是很重要的。）举例说明你所学的专业和你想从事这方面工作有关。结合选项F项Similarly, choose a college with a reputable journalism program for a journalism career.（同样，选择一所有著名新闻专业的大学来从事新闻职业。）可知，和上文内容意思一致，都是举例说明你所学的专业和你想从事这方面工作有关。
10. E根据下文““A graduate with … in Los Angeles.”（洛杉矶求职情报公司的总裁保罗·希尔说:“一个拥有工程学位的毕业生的薪水将是一个拥有文科、人文等软性学位的哈佛毕业生的三倍。”）可知，讲的是专业选择和工资薪水的关系。结合选项E项Your major choice can also have an impact on your earning potential.（你的专业选择也会对你的收入潜力产生影响。）和下文内容意思一致，都是讲的专业选择和收入潜力的关系。
11. A根据上文“Attending a reputable college may come with a high price.”（上一所声誉良好的大学可能会付出高昂的代价。）讲的是上好的大学可能会付出高昂的代价。以及下文“Choosing a college that is affordable and offers a strong program in your chosen major is a smart financial decision that can pay off in the long run.”（选择一所负担得起的大学，并且在你所选的专业上提供强大的课程，这是一个明智的财务决定，从长远来看会有回报。）说明选择负担得起的大学，并且提供强大的课程。因此可推断空格处内容与此相关，都是讲的关于上大学的财务方面的事情，结合选项A项That can lead to significant student loan debt.（这可能导致沉重的学生贷款债务。）
12. G根据上文“In conclusion, when choosing a college, it is important to prioritize your major over the reputation of the college you attend.”（总之，在选择大学时，重要的是优先考虑你的专业，而不是你所上大学的声誉。）可知，讲的是选择大学时，重要的是优先考虑你的专业。结合选项G项Your major plays a significant role in shaping your career prospects and earning potential.（你的专业在塑造你的职业前景和收入潜力方面起着重要的作用。）
三、完形填空
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是记叙文，主题语境为人与社会。主要讲述了作者收留了一位长相特别难看的房客，并从他身上学会了不抱怨地接受坏的事物，心存感激地接受好的事物。
13. C考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们住在楼下，把楼上的房间租给诊所的门诊部。A. relayed转发；B. limited限制；C. rented租；D. occupied占用。根据上文“Our house was across the street from the entrance of a famous hospital in the city.”我们的房子在医院门口的街对面，以及下文“the upstairs rooms to outpatients (门诊病人) at the clinic.”由此可推知，作者家里把楼上的房间租给门诊病人。
14. B考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个夏天的晚上，我正在做晚饭，突然有人敲门。A. storing储存；B. fixing准备；C. debating辩论；D. fetching拿取。根据语境以及下文“supper one summer evening”可知，作者正在准备晚餐。
15. D考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个夏天的晚上，我正在做晚饭，突然有人敲门。A. voice声音；B. flame火焰；C. key钥匙；D. knock敲击。根据下文“I opened it and saw a truly awful-looking man whose face was swollen (肿胀的) and red.”我打开门，看见一个很可怕的人，他的脸又肿又红。由此可知，此处应表示作者正在准备晚餐，突然有人敲门。
16. A考查动词短语辨析。句意：他告诉我他从中午起就一直在找房间，但没有找到。A. hunting for寻找；B. relating to与……有关；C. dealing with处理；D. subscribing to订阅。根据下文“but he had no success.”以及“I could sleep in this chair on the porch (门厅).”睡在门廊的这把椅子上，由此可推知，此处应表示他一直在寻找房间。
17. B考查名词词义辨析。句意：我猜是我的脸。我知道这看起来很糟糕，但我的医生说再多治疗几次……。A. virus病毒；B. face脸；C. wrist手腕；D. ankle脚踝。根据上文“a truly awful-looking man whose face was swollen and red.”可知，他的脸很糟糕。
18. C考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一会儿，我犹豫了一下，但是他下面的话说服了我：“我可以睡在门廊的这张椅子上。”A. applauded鼓掌；B. agreed同意；C. hesitated犹豫；D. backfired事与愿违。根据上文“a truly awful-looking man whose face was swollen (肿胀的) and red.”以及下文“but his following words convinced me,”和上文形成转折，表明他的话说服了我，由此可推知，此处应表示作者犹豫了一下。
19. A考查动词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，他以捕鱼为生，以养活他的女儿、她的五个孩子和她因背部受伤而严重残疾的丈夫。A. support支持，养活；B. handle处理；C. bother打扰；D. adopt采取。根据下文“his daughter, her five children, and her husband, who was ___8___ disabled from a back injury.”可知，他以捕鱼为生养活他女儿一家。
20. A考查副词词义辨析。句意：他告诉我，他以捕鱼为生，以养活他的女儿、她的五个孩子和她因背部受伤而严重残疾的丈夫。A. severely严重地；B. gradually渐渐地；C. literally真正地；D. sincerely真诚地。根据上文提到的他以捕鱼为生养活他女儿一家，以及下文“disabled from a back injury”由此可知，此处应表示她女儿的丈夫背部受伤而严重残疾。
21. C考查动词词义辨析。句意：他并没有抱怨，但庆幸的是，他的病没有疼痛，这是一种皮肤癌。A. ranked排名；B. abused滥用，虐待；C. accompanied伴随；D. ruined毁坏。根据上文“but was grateful that no pain”以及下文“his disease,”由此可知，他的病没有伴随疼痛。
22. A考查名词词义辨析。句意：他感谢上帝给了他继续前进的力量。A. strength力量；B. relief缓解；C. tendency倾向；D. virtue美德。根据上下文语境以及下文“to keep going”继续前进，由此可知，此处应表示他感谢上帝给了他继续前进的力量。
23. D考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他的下一次出行中，他带了一条大鱼作为礼物。A. critical批评的；B. glorious光荣的；C. miserable悲惨的；D. next下一次的。根据下文“he brought a big fish as a gift.”他带了一条大鱼作为礼物，由此可推知，此处应表示在他下一次的出行中，他带了礼物。
24. D查名词词义辨析。句意：当我收到这些包裹时，我经常想起隔壁邻居在第一天早上离开后所说的话。A. preference偏爱；B. decision决定；C. appointment任命；D. remark评论。 根据下文““Did you keep that awful-looking man last night You may lose roomers by___13___ such people!””邻居具体说话的内容，由此可推知，此处应表示邻居对作者做的这件事有所评论。
25. C考考查动词短语辨析。句意：你收留这样的人可能会失去房客！A. giving away捐赠；B. turning down拒绝；C. putting up留宿；D. taking out取出。根据上文“Did you keep that awful-looking man last night ”可知，此处指的是作者让此人留宿。
26. B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我知道，我们全家将永远感激能认识他。A. desperate绝望的；B. grateful感激的；C. conventional传统的；D. powerful强有力的。根据下文“from him, we learned to accept the bad without___15___ and the good with gratitude.”提到gratitude“感激”，由此可推知，此处应表示作者一家感激认识他。
27. D考查名词词义辨析。句意：从他那里，我们学会了不抱怨地接受坏的，感激地接受好的。A. dignity尊严；B. resistance反对；C. hesitation犹豫；D. complaint抱怨。根据上文“we learned to accept the bad”以及下文“and the good with gratitude.”由此可知，此处应表示我们学会了不抱怨地接受坏的，感激地接受好的。
四、语法填空
【语篇导读】：本文的语篇类型是新闻稿，主题语境为人与社会。文章讲述莫尔黑德天文馆和科学中心于4月1日与来自卡罗莱纳州的学生和教师合作举办了一年一度的博览会。
28. hosted考查时态。句意：莫尔黑德天文馆和科学中心于4月1日与来自卡罗莱纳州的学生和教师合作举办了一年一度的博览会。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，The Morehead Planetarium and Science Center与host为主动关系，且由on April 1 可知，这里时态应用一般过去时。
29. where考查定语从句。句意：北卡罗来纳大学埃舍曼药学院的工作人员设立了一个摊位，人们可以在那里体验药学的不同方面。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词为a stand，关系词在从句中作地点状语。
30. on考查介词。句意：孩子们戴上特殊的眼镜和手套，试图打开药瓶并阅读药物说明书，以此进行模拟。分析句子可知，这里考查put on表“穿上”，为固定搭配。
31. measuring考查非谓语。句意：他们也有机会练习用注射器测量液体药物。分析句子可知，这里考查practice doing sth表“练习做某事”，为固定搭配，所以这里应用动名词作宾语。
32. diversity考查名词。句意：这将基本上是一场街头科学博览会，庆祝北卡罗来纳大学科学系和许多其他系的所有惊人研究和多样性。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作宾语，diversity表“多样性”，为不可数名词，符合句意。
33. led考查非谓语。句意：该活动包括100多项实践活动、科学演示、游戏和表演，由该大学的STEM学生和从业者带领。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语， hands-on activities, science demonstrations, games and performances 与lead为被动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用过去分词作定语。
34. (to) help考查非谓语。句意：其他一些演示包括看到化学反应，学习如何种植种子并帮助其生长。分析句子可知，此空应和and前面to plant 保持一致，用不定式构成疑问词+to do形式，且and连接的两个并列不定式，第二个不定式前to可以省略。
35. a考查冠词。句意：北卡罗来纳大学科学博览会拉开了北卡罗来纳州科学节的序幕，这是整个4月全州的科学庆典。分析句子可知，celebration 在本句中作同位语成分，且同位语一般用不定冠词表示泛指，celebration为辅音音素开始的单词。
36. striking考查形容词。句意：这是一个很好的机会，让下一代通过引人注目的演示了解科学，并受到启发，在未来可能从事科学事业。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语，修饰后面名词demonstrations ，striking表“显著的”，符合句意。
37. possibly考查副词。句意：这是一个很好的机会，让下一代通过引人注目的演示了解科学，并受到启发，在未来可能从事科学事业。分析句子可知，此空应填副词作状语，修饰后面动词pursue。