人教版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Discovering Useful Structures课件(共36张PPT)

(共36张PPT)
UNIT 1 CULTURAL HERITAGE
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过分析教材例句，理解和掌握定语从句的关系词及关系词的省略。（语言能力）
3.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化定语从句的关系词及关系词的省略,并学以致用。（学习能力）
核心单词
知识点1 download vt.下载 n.下载；已下载的数据资料 ＊反义词：upload vt.上传
（P6）I have downloaded that free app， but it doesn't work well.我已下载了那个免费应用程序，但它运转不好。
知识拓展
download an app 下载一个应用程序
download a software 下载软件
download a document 下载文件
upload...to a computer system 把……上传到电脑系统
融会应用 单句填空
（1）What's Steven's attitude towards people ____________ （download） his music
downloading
（2）I'm happy that my 80-year-old grandma has learned how ____________
（download） movies from the Internet.
to download
（3）The information ___________ （upload） to a central computer system from
my computer.
is uploaded
知识点2 entrance n.入口；进入 ＊enter v.进入
（P6）We met a professional archaeologist at the entrance to the Great Pyramid.我们在大金字塔的入口处遇见了一位专业的考古学家。
知识拓展
at the entrance to... 在……的入口处
main entrance 大门；正门入口
an entrance fee 入场费
the entrance examination/requirement 入学考试/要求
make one's entrance into 进入
经典佳句
The naughty boy came up with a clever plan for winning the entrance tickets to the football match.这个淘气的男孩想出了一个聪明的办法去赢得观看足球比赛的入场券。
The company made a dramatic entrance into the export market.这家公司戏剧性地进入了出口市场。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）They were refused entrance ___ the exhibition.
to
（2）When Harry ________ （enter） they all turned to look at him.
entered
（3）The police were unable to gain entrance ___ the house.
to
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）Although he_______________________________, he didn't lose heart.虽然他在这
次入学考试中失败了，但他并没有气馁。
failed in this entrance examination
（5）That child, following his mother，_______________.那孩子跟着他的妈妈走进了
动物园。
entered the zoo
（6）The visitors queued up for the tickets _______________________________.游客
们在风景区的入口处排队买票。
at the entrance to the scenic area
知识点3 forgive vt.&vi.（forgave，forgiven）原谅；宽恕 vt.对不起；请原谅
（P7）Forgive me for asking, but...请原谅我的冒昧，但是……
知识拓展
forgive sb for （doing） sth 原谅某人（做了）某事
forgive sb/sb's doing sth 原谅某人做某事
经典佳句
Forgive others,and you will be forgiven.宽恕别人,你就会被宽恕。
We hope you can understand our situation and forgive us for not being able to accept your advice.我们希望您能够理解我们的处境，原谅我们不能接纳您的意见。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）She found a way to forgive him ____ the theft of the money.
for
（2）I can't forgive Lewis for _________（break） my vase.
breaking
（3）She ________（forgive） him and never argued with him.
forgave
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）（2023·河南南阳一中月考）I think you ___________________ and make up
with him since he has apologized to you sincerely.既然他已经真诚地跟你道歉了，我
想你应该原谅彼得，与他和好。
should forgive Peter
短语句式
知识点4 It is said that...
（P7）It is said that it's a mirror that can tell right from wrong！ 据说它是一面能分辨是非的镜子！
知识拓展
句中“It is said that...”是主语从句常见的一种句型。It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。该结构意为“据说/人们说……”，相当于People say that...。
类似的句型还有：
It's reported that... 据报道……
It's believed that... 人们相信/认为……
It's known that... 众所周知……
It's reported that he played an important part in the research.据报道，他在研究当中起了非常大的作用。
It's believed that there's little chance that mankind would survive a nuclear war.人们认为人类在核战争中幸存的可能性很小。
It's known that man is much cleverer than any animal.众所周知，人类比任何动物都聪明得多。
融会应用 翻译句子
（1）人们认为眼睛是心灵的窗户。
__________________________________________________
It's believed that the eyes are the windows of our soul.
（2）众所周知，信息对商人来说非常重要。
_______________________________________________________
It's known that information is very important to businessmen.
（3）人们相信勤奋和好运有助于实现梦想。
_____________________________________________________________________
It is believed that hard work along with good luck helps realize one's dream.
定语从句的关系词及关系词的省略
自主探究
阅读下列句子,并注意黑体部分的用法。
1.You may have chances to meet new people who will become your lifelong friends.你可能有机会结识将成为你一生的朋友的人。
2.In the dark street, there wasn't a single person whom she could turn to for help.在黑暗的街道上,没有一个她可以求助的人。
3.Ms Wang is the teacher whose son was admitted to Peking University.王女士就是那位儿子被北京大学录取的老师。
4.I can well remember the accident that happened on a rainy Sunday afternoon.我清楚地记得在一个下雨的星期天下午发生的那场事故。
5.Our class is a big family which is made up of 28 girls and 32 boys.我们班是一个由28个女孩和32个男孩组成的大家庭。
6.I always miss the days when we were on the summer camp last year.我总是怀念去年我们参加夏令营的日子。
7.The reason why we have to grow trees is that they supply us with fresh air.我们必须种树的原因是它们能为我们提供新鲜的空气。
8.Literature is the place where the past meets the present to think about the future.在文学作品里,过去与现实交汇,以（启发读者）思考未来。
9.It's time to recall those beautiful days （that/which） we spent together.是时候回忆我们一起度过的那些美好的日子了。
10.We are looking for the person to whom the book belongs.我们正在寻找这本书的主人。
我的发现（1） 句1~5中的定语从句均由__________引导，句6~8中的定语从句均由
__________引导。
关系代词
关系副词
（2）句9中的定语从句由关系代词that或which引导，也可以省略，因为关系代词指代
先行词，在从句中作______。
宾语
（3）句10中的定语从句由_______________引导，此时关系代词不能省略。
介词+关系代词
探究点1 定语从句中关系词的基本用法
（1）定语从句中关系词的具体用法
作主语 作宾语 作定语
人 who/that whom/who/that whose
物 that/which that/which whose
指代
关系代词
句法功能
作状语 时间、地点、原因 when（时间） where （地点） why （原因）
续表
指代
关系副词
句法功能
（2）当表示时间、地点或原因的先行词在其后面的定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语时,引导定语从句的关系词必须使用关系代词。
（3）当关系词前有介词时,该关系词多用关系代词。
融会应用
Ⅰ.用适当的关系词填空
（1）We visited a factory __________ makes toys for children.
that/which
（2）Mr Liu wants to talk to the students _______homework hasn't been handed in.
whose
（3）Yesterday Li Ming went to the village _______his family lived ten years ago.
where
（4）I still remember the night ______ I came to the strange city.
when
（5）The scientist _____ discovered a cure for the cancer is great.
who
Ⅱ.单句写作（用定语从句）
（6）中秋节是一个全家团圆、 赏月和吃月饼的传统节日。
The Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional festival ________________________________
______________________________.
when families get together to enjoy the moon and eat mooncakes
（7）谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。
He _______________ laughs best.
who laughs last
（8）我的叔叔李明要去你居住的城市参加一个会议。
My uncle Li Ming is going to the city ________________________________.
where you live to attend a meeting
探究点2 定语从句中关系副词与“介词+关系代词”的转化
1.关系副词when、 where引导的定语从句可以转化为“介词+which”引导的定语从句；why引导的定语从句可以转换为for which引导的定语从句。
I still remember the day when（=on which） I first came to Beijing.我还记得第一次来北京的那一天。
The reason why（=for which） he failed in the exam was that he didn't study hard.他考试失败的原因是他没有努力学习。
My favorite city is Beijing where（=in which） I can visit the Great Wall.我最喜欢的城市是北京，在那里我可以参观长城。
2.在使用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时,介词的选择要考虑以下三个方面:
（1）介词与定语从句中先行词的习惯搭配；
（2）介词与定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配；
（3）介词与定语从句中谓语动词和先行词同时搭配并符合句意逻辑。
The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday is one of my father's friends.你昨天告诉我的那位绅士是我爸爸的一个朋友。
The woman to whom he is married is a famous actress.他娶的是一位著名的女演员。
融会应用
Ⅰ.用“介词+关系代词”填空
（1）The reason __________ she did it was that she wouldn't let her parents
disappointed.
for which
（2）We live in an age _________ everyone values time very much.
in which
（3）Gun control is a subject ____________ Americans argued for a long time.
about which
（4）I wanted to find someone ___________ I could discuss books and music.
with whom
Ⅱ.翻译句子（用“介词+关系代词”）
（5）这个小女孩正在读一本书，书中有很多图画。
____________________________________________________________
The little girl is reading a book in which there are many pictures.
（6）我永远也忘不了我在农村度过的孩童时代。
__________________________________________________________________________
I will never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the countryside.
探究点3 定语从句中关系词的省略
1.关系词可以省略的几种情况
（1）当先行词在定语从句中作宾语时,关系词通常省略。
I have taken with me the two books（that/which） you asked me to return to the City Library.我把你要我送还给市图书馆的那两本书带走了。
Here is the man （whom） you've been looking for.这就是你一直在找的那个人。
（2）当先行词是way且在定语从句中作方式状语时,定语从句中相应的关系词that/in which可以省略。
The way （that/in which） you look at the problem is wrong.你看待这个问题的方式是错误的。
（3）当由and、but、or等并列连词连接两个或两个以上的定语从句修饰同一个先行词时,第一个关系词可以省略,但第二个及以后的关系词一般不可以省略。
This is the book （which） I read yesterday and which I found very interesting.这就是我昨天读的那本书,我发现它很有趣。
2.关系词不可以省略的几种情况
（1）关系代词前有介词时,该关系代词不能省略。
Do you know any shops nearby in which I can buy flowers 你知道附近哪里有卖花的商店吗
That's the headmaster with whom my father was talking just now.刚才和我父亲谈话的那个人是校长。
（2）非限制性定语从句中,无论关系词作何成分,都不能省略。
Mr Green, whom you know,is the tallest in our school.你认识的格林先生是我们学校个子最高的。
融会应用 补全省略的关系词
（1）The exact year （__________） Tracy and her family spent together in China
is 2022.
which/that
（2）That was the way （_____________） she worked the problem out.
in which/that
（3）The man （___________） you spoke to just now is our English teacher.
whom/who
（4）I believe the reason （__________） Mary gave for her absence from the
school.
that/which
Ⅰ.用“介词+关系代词”填空
1.The teacher ____________ I learnt most was Mrs Zhu.
from whom
2.This is the house _________ Lu Xun once lived.
in which
3.He will never forget the day __________ he came to Shanghai.
on which
4.The reason __________ I came here is that I wanted to get your help.
for which
5.The fellow _________ I spoke made no answer.
to whom
6.This is the shop _________ my daughter works.
in which
7.The pencil ___________ he wrote was broken.
with which
8.She has three children, all _________ are at school.
of whom
9.The policeman __________ the thief was caught is very brave.
by whom
10.I was surprised at the way _________ he treated the old man.
in which
Ⅱ.用定语从句补全句子
1.The village __________________________
（我在那儿成长的） is very hot and damp in summer. （grow）
where / in which I grew up
2.___________________
（正如我们强调的那样） many times, “serving the people” is our first policy.
（stress）
As we have stressed
3.In our school there are 5,000 students, ____________________________（其中五分
之三是女生）. （be）
three fifths of whom are girls
4.The rich, __________________________________（对其来说钱不是问题）, wanted
to stay at an expensive hotel. （problem）
for whom money was not a problem
5.Is this the Beijing Hotel _______________________________________________（我
们要住的） next week （stay）
where/in which we will / are to / are going to stay
6._____________________________________
（汤姆不能去那儿的原因） was that he was ill in bed. （reason）
The reason why Tom could not go there
7.That was the moment _______________________（我们真正成功）. （take off）
when we really took off
8.I was given three books written by Yu Hua,___________________________（我最喜
欢其中的第一本）. （like）
the first of which I like best
Ⅲ.用定语从句完成下面小短文
Look！ The beautiful lady 1.____________________（名叫玛丽） teaches us
English. She is one of the three teachers 2.__________（获得） the School Teacher
of the Year Award. The boy beside her is our monitor whose father designed the
teaching building 3.__________________________（我们现在正在那里学习）.Mary
once told me the reason 4.________________________________________（为什么我
们要学好英语）.I'll never forget 5.___________________________（她教我们的那些
日子）.I think that our dear teacher Mary, the beautiful school
6._________________________（我将从这里毕业） and all the other beautiful things
will forever stay in my mind！
whose name is Mary
who won
where we are studying now
why/for which we should learn English well
the days when she taught us
from which I will graduate