人教版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 3 The internet Discovering Useful Structures学案（含答案）
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Unit 3
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过分析教材例句,理解和掌握现在完成时的被动语态的用法。(语言能力)
3.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化现在完成时的被动语态的用法,并学以致用。(学习能力)
【合作探究】
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 function n.功能;作用;机能 vi.起作用;正常工作;运转 *functional adj.实用的;功能的;机能的;运转正常的
(P30)They've built a kind of new PC with more functions.他们开发了一种功能更多的新型个人电脑。
知识拓展
fulfill/perform a function 发挥功能
function as 起……作用;具有……功能
图解释义
This kind of bottle with holes has a number of useful functions.这种带孔的瓶子有许多实用的功能。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Compared to the traditional ones, they have three new unique (function).
(2)The two machines look alike but have many (function) differences.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)Although the electricity was cut off, the hospital continued to (正常运转).
(4)To put it another way, his advice (起……作用) part of the solution.
答案 (1)functions (2)functional
(3)function normally (4)functions as
知识点2 confirm vt.确认;使确信;证实;证明;批准 *confirmation n.证实;确认书;证明书
(P30)Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password 你确认Wi-Fi密码了吗
知识拓展
confirm that... 证实……
It has been confirmed that... 已证实……
confirm sb in... 使某人确信……
经典佳句
The expression on her face confirmed her sadness.她脸上的表情证明了她很难过。
confirm和prove的用法区别:
(1)confirm指对已有的观点、说法、预测、猜疑等的真实性或准确性予以证实或确认,它可作及物动词,后接宾语。
Those rumours were later confirmed.那些谣言后来得到了证实。
(2)prove指通过某种手段或方式提供证据以证实或证明某事物真实与否,某结论正确与否等情况,它可作及物动词,后接宾语或宾语从句,还可作连系动词,意为“证明是;被发现是”,后接形容词或名词作表语,常用固定搭配为prove (to be)+形容词/名词。
Sometimes, the choices you have made prove to be wrong.有时候,你的选择可能被证明是错的。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)So far six people (confirm) that they will attend the meeting.
(2)The expression on his face confirmed me my doubt.
(3)So far it (confirm) that the meeting will take place next week.
答案 (1)have confirmed (2)in (3)has been confirmed
语法探究
现在完成时的被动语态
自主探究
观察下面两组句子,体会现在完成时的被动语态的用法。
Group A
We have finished the homework.我们已经完成了家庭作业。
Many visitors have visited the Great Wall.许多游客参观过长城。
Mike has seen two films since last month.从上个月以来,迈克已经看了两部电影。
The Russian government has turned these palaces into museums.俄罗斯政府已经把这些宫殿变成了博物馆。
Group B
The homework has been finished by us.家庭作业已经被我们完成了。
The Great Wall has been visited by many visitors.长城被许多游客参观过。
Two films have been seen by Mike since last month.从上个月以来,两部电影被迈克看过了。
These palaces have been turned into museums by the Russian government.这些宫殿已经被俄罗斯政府变成了博物馆。
我的发现
通过观察以上句子,我们发现这两组句子都使用了现在完成时,其中A组句子强调动作的执行者,是(1) 语态, 结构为“(2) +过去分词”;B组句子强调动作的承受者, 是(3) 语态,结构为“(4) +过去分词”。现在完成时的被动语态表示被动的动作在说话以前已经完成,强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
答案 (1)主动 (2)have/has (3)被动 (4)have/has been
知识点1 现在完成时的被动语态的结构
1.肯定句:主语+have/has+been+过去分词+其他
The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt.街道是整洁的,许多房屋已经被重建。
The books have been borrowed by the teacher.这些书已经被这位老师借走了。
So far the novel has been translated into five languages.到目前为止,这部小说已被翻译成五种语言(版本)。
2.否定句:主语+ have/has + not + been +过去分词+其他
The bike hasn't been repaired yet.这辆自行车还没有被修理。
She hasn't been heard from since then.从那以后就没有听到她的消息了。
3.一般疑问句:Have/Has +主语+been+过去分词+其他
—Have these clothes been washed 这些衣服洗过了吗
—Yes, they have.是的,洗过了。
—Has our dinner been cooked 我们的晚餐做好了吗
—No,it hasn't. 不,还没有。
4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ have/has+主语+been+过去分词+其他
How long has your computer been used 你的电脑用多久了
How many new words have been learned by the students 这些学生已经学会了多少新单词
融会应用
Ⅰ.指出下列时态是主动语态还是被动语态
(1)Much useful information about these planets has been collected since 1971.
(2)I haven't repaired my computer.
Ⅱ.单句填空
(3)He (teach) English since he came to this school.
(4)Much parking space in this city (save) by using small cars.
答案 (1)被动语态 (2)主动语态 (3)has taught
(4)has been saved
知识点2 使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题
1.注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别
一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候,其结果对现在没有影响;而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去,但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。
The house was built last year.这房子是去年建造的。(侧重动作发生在过去)
The house has been built.这房子已经建好了。(侧重现在有房子供使用)
2.副词的位置
often、 usually、 always、 never、 hardly、 seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。
[误]Such a man has been hardly believed.
[正]Such a man has hardly been believed.
3.并不是所有动词(短语)都有被动语态。happen、 take place、 break out、 belong to、 cost、 last等不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态。
[误]Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.
[正]Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.
4.open、 break、 drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。
[误]The door has been opened of itself.
[正]The door has opened of itself.
5.动词短语的现在完成时的被动语态中,不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词。
[误]The patients have been taken good care.
[正]The patients have been taken good care of.
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句写作
(1)You can see the house (多年未粉刷).
(2)My homework (还没有完成) yet.
(3)My parents (在山东已经生活了) for ten years.
(4) (已经取得了很大进展) in the cultural and educational fields.
Ⅱ.用被动语态改写下列句子
(5)Henry hasn't removed the ink from his clothes.
→
(6)We have already told the good news to the children.
→
答案 (1)has not been painted for many years (2)hasn't been finished (3)have lived in Shandong
(4)Big progress has been made (5)The ink hasn't been removed by Henry from his clothes. (6)The children have already been told the good news by us.
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.In recent years, doctors (train) mainly for general practice.
2.More than 100 famous films (show) in the city since July.
3.Up to now,no conclusion(结论) (reach) about who the first prize should go to.
4.How many cars (build) in the factory since 1990
5.It's the first time that the old computer (check) since I bought it.
6.Great changes (take) place in my hometown and you can see that a lot of factories (set) up.
答案 1.have been trained 2.have been shown
3.has been reached 4.have been built 5.has been checked 6.have taken;have been set
Ⅱ.用被动语态改写下列句子
1.The volunteers have planted thousands of trees along the river in the past few days.
→Thousands of trees along the river by the volunteers in the past few days.
2.Scientists have made a new robot which can walk and talk like humans.
→A new robot which can walk and talk like humans by scientists.
3.Don't worry.The doctors have already operated on the injured boy.
→Don't worry.The injured boy already by the doctors.
4.They look very happy because they have solved the difficult problems.
→They look very happy because the difficult problems by them.
答案 1.have been planted 2.has been made 3.has; been operated on 4.have been solved
Ⅲ.语篇填空
In our community, there is a large activity room.For the past few years, our community 1. (举行了10多场会议) there.Since 2018, five computers 2. (已被安装) there for the residents.Today, the residents' lives 3. (被大大地改变了) by these computers, because some residents 4. (被教) to use the Internet.Although they 5. (没有买) any goods online, their confidence 6. (被激起) by these things.Who can guess what their future life will be like
答案 1.has hosted more than ten meetings
2.have been fixed 3.have been greatly changed
4.have been taught 5.haven't bought 6.has been inspired
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过分析教材例句,理解和掌握现在完成时的被动语态的用法。(语言能力)
3.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化现在完成时的被动语态的用法,并学以致用。(学习能力)
【合作探究】
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 function n.功能;作用;机能 vi.起作用;正常工作;运转 *functional adj.实用的;功能的;机能的;运转正常的
(P30)They've built a kind of new PC with more functions.他们开发了一种功能更多的新型个人电脑。
知识拓展
fulfill/perform a function 发挥功能
function as 起……作用;具有……功能
图解释义
This kind of bottle with holes has a number of useful functions.这种带孔的瓶子有许多实用的功能。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Compared to the traditional ones, they have three new unique (function).
(2)The two machines look alike but have many (function) differences.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)Although the electricity was cut off, the hospital continued to (正常运转).
(4)To put it another way, his advice (起……作用) part of the solution.
答案 (1)functions (2)functional
(3)function normally (4)functions as
知识点2 confirm vt.确认;使确信;证实;证明;批准 *confirmation n.证实;确认书;证明书
(P30)Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password 你确认Wi-Fi密码了吗
知识拓展
confirm that... 证实……
It has been confirmed that... 已证实……
confirm sb in... 使某人确信……
经典佳句
The expression on her face confirmed her sadness.她脸上的表情证明了她很难过。
confirm和prove的用法区别:
(1)confirm指对已有的观点、说法、预测、猜疑等的真实性或准确性予以证实或确认,它可作及物动词,后接宾语。
Those rumours were later confirmed.那些谣言后来得到了证实。
(2)prove指通过某种手段或方式提供证据以证实或证明某事物真实与否,某结论正确与否等情况,它可作及物动词,后接宾语或宾语从句,还可作连系动词,意为“证明是;被发现是”,后接形容词或名词作表语,常用固定搭配为prove (to be)+形容词/名词。
Sometimes, the choices you have made prove to be wrong.有时候,你的选择可能被证明是错的。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)So far six people (confirm) that they will attend the meeting.
(2)The expression on his face confirmed me my doubt.
(3)So far it (confirm) that the meeting will take place next week.
答案 (1)have confirmed (2)in (3)has been confirmed
语法探究
现在完成时的被动语态
自主探究
观察下面两组句子,体会现在完成时的被动语态的用法。
Group A
We have finished the homework.我们已经完成了家庭作业。
Many visitors have visited the Great Wall.许多游客参观过长城。
Mike has seen two films since last month.从上个月以来,迈克已经看了两部电影。
The Russian government has turned these palaces into museums.俄罗斯政府已经把这些宫殿变成了博物馆。
Group B
The homework has been finished by us.家庭作业已经被我们完成了。
The Great Wall has been visited by many visitors.长城被许多游客参观过。
Two films have been seen by Mike since last month.从上个月以来,两部电影被迈克看过了。
These palaces have been turned into museums by the Russian government.这些宫殿已经被俄罗斯政府变成了博物馆。
我的发现
通过观察以上句子,我们发现这两组句子都使用了现在完成时,其中A组句子强调动作的执行者,是(1) 语态, 结构为“(2) +过去分词”;B组句子强调动作的承受者, 是(3) 语态,结构为“(4) +过去分词”。现在完成时的被动语态表示被动的动作在说话以前已经完成,强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
答案 (1)主动 (2)have/has (3)被动 (4)have/has been
知识点1 现在完成时的被动语态的结构
1.肯定句:主语+have/has+been+过去分词+其他
The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt.街道是整洁的,许多房屋已经被重建。
The books have been borrowed by the teacher.这些书已经被这位老师借走了。
So far the novel has been translated into five languages.到目前为止,这部小说已被翻译成五种语言(版本)。
2.否定句:主语+ have/has + not + been +过去分词+其他
The bike hasn't been repaired yet.这辆自行车还没有被修理。
She hasn't been heard from since then.从那以后就没有听到她的消息了。
3.一般疑问句:Have/Has +主语+been+过去分词+其他
—Have these clothes been washed 这些衣服洗过了吗
—Yes, they have.是的,洗过了。
—Has our dinner been cooked 我们的晚餐做好了吗
—No,it hasn't. 不,还没有。
4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ have/has+主语+been+过去分词+其他
How long has your computer been used 你的电脑用多久了
How many new words have been learned by the students 这些学生已经学会了多少新单词
融会应用
Ⅰ.指出下列时态是主动语态还是被动语态
(1)Much useful information about these planets has been collected since 1971.
(2)I haven't repaired my computer.
Ⅱ.单句填空
(3)He (teach) English since he came to this school.
(4)Much parking space in this city (save) by using small cars.
答案 (1)被动语态 (2)主动语态 (3)has taught
(4)has been saved
知识点2 使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题
1.注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别
一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候,其结果对现在没有影响;而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去,但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。
The house was built last year.这房子是去年建造的。(侧重动作发生在过去)
The house has been built.这房子已经建好了。(侧重现在有房子供使用)
2.副词的位置
often、 usually、 always、 never、 hardly、 seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。
[误]Such a man has been hardly believed.
[正]Such a man has hardly been believed.
3.并不是所有动词(短语)都有被动语态。happen、 take place、 break out、 belong to、 cost、 last等不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态。
[误]Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.
[正]Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.
4.open、 break、 drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。
[误]The door has been opened of itself.
[正]The door has opened of itself.
5.动词短语的现在完成时的被动语态中,不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词。
[误]The patients have been taken good care.
[正]The patients have been taken good care of.
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句写作
(1)You can see the house (多年未粉刷).
(2)My homework (还没有完成) yet.
(3)My parents (在山东已经生活了) for ten years.
(4) (已经取得了很大进展) in the cultural and educational fields.
Ⅱ.用被动语态改写下列句子
(5)Henry hasn't removed the ink from his clothes.
→
(6)We have already told the good news to the children.
→
答案 (1)has not been painted for many years (2)hasn't been finished (3)have lived in Shandong
(4)Big progress has been made (5)The ink hasn't been removed by Henry from his clothes. (6)The children have already been told the good news by us.
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.In recent years, doctors (train) mainly for general practice.
2.More than 100 famous films (show) in the city since July.
3.Up to now,no conclusion(结论) (reach) about who the first prize should go to.
4.How many cars (build) in the factory since 1990
5.It's the first time that the old computer (check) since I bought it.
6.Great changes (take) place in my hometown and you can see that a lot of factories (set) up.
答案 1.have been trained 2.have been shown
3.has been reached 4.have been built 5.has been checked 6.have taken;have been set
Ⅱ.用被动语态改写下列句子
1.The volunteers have planted thousands of trees along the river in the past few days.
→Thousands of trees along the river by the volunteers in the past few days.
2.Scientists have made a new robot which can walk and talk like humans.
→A new robot which can walk and talk like humans by scientists.
3.Don't worry.The doctors have already operated on the injured boy.
→Don't worry.The injured boy already by the doctors.
4.They look very happy because they have solved the difficult problems.
→They look very happy because the difficult problems by them.
答案 1.have been planted 2.has been made 3.has; been operated on 4.have been solved
Ⅲ.语篇填空
In our community, there is a large activity room.For the past few years, our community 1. (举行了10多场会议) there.Since 2018, five computers 2. (已被安装) there for the residents.Today, the residents' lives 3. (被大大地改变了) by these computers, because some residents 4. (被教) to use the Internet.Although they 5. (没有买) any goods online, their confidence 6. (被激起) by these things.Who can guess what their future life will be like
答案 1.has hosted more than ten meetings
2.have been fixed 3.have been greatly changed
4.have been taught 5.haven't bought 6.has been inspired