人教版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 4 History and traditions Discovering Useful Structures学案（含答案）
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Unit 4
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过分析教材例句,理解和掌握过去分词作定语和宾语补足语的用法。(语言能力)
3.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化过去分词作定语和宾语补足语的用法,并学以致用。(学习能力)
【合作探究】
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 charge n.收费;指控;主管 vt.收费;控告;充电
(P42)Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged. 朱迪和我把我们的车停在特拉法尔加广场附近的一个地下停车场,在那里我们可以给我们汽车的电池充电。
知识拓展
in charge of 掌握;负责
in the charge of... 在……的掌管之下
take charge of 掌管;负责;担任;监督
free of charge 免费的
charge sb for sth 因某物/某事向某人收费
charge sb with sth 控告某人某事
经典佳句
The shaver can be charged up and used when travelling.这种电动剃须刀可充电供旅行使用。
名师点拨
in charge of往往以人作主语,指“某人负责/主管某事”;in the charge of往往以物作主语,指“某物由某人主管”。类似的短语还有in control of “控制……”、in the control of “……由……控制”;in possession of “拥有……”、in the possession of “……为……所拥有”等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)It's what this place offers,and it's free charge.
(2)A week later,I volunteered to take charge English study in my class.
Ⅱ.一句多译
这家公司在格林小姐的掌管之下。
(3)Miss Green is the company.
(4)The company is Miss Green.
答案 (1)of (2)of (3)in charge of (4)in/under the charge of
知识点2 announce vt.宣布;通知;声称 *announcement n.通告;宣告 *announcer n.宣告者;播音员;广播员
(P42)When we finally reached at the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.当我们最后到达服务台索要音频指南时,我们听到服务台说已经没有音频指南了。
知识拓展
announce sth to sb 向某人宣告某事
It is announced that... 据宣布……
make an announcement 宣布;发布通告
经典佳句
The government yesterday announced to the media plans to create a million new jobs. 政府在昨天向媒体宣布了创造一百万个新工作的计划。
名师点拨
动词announce后不跟双宾语,表示“向某人宣布某事”时应该说announce sth to sb,类似用法的单词还有suggest、 explain、 report、 say等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)It is wise to announce the news the public.
(2)It (announce) that only when the fire was under control would the residents be permitted to return to their homes.
Ⅱ.用announce的适当形式填空
(3)The made an that all the details should through the broadcast.播音员宣布所有细节都应通过广播宣布。
答案 (1)to (2)was announced (3)announcer; announcement; be announced
知识点3 amount n.数量;金额
(P42)We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.国家美术馆入口聚集着大量的游客,充斥着嘈杂的声音,我们对此感到十分惊讶。
知识拓展
a large amount of+不可数名词+谓语动词单数=large amounts of+不可数名词+谓语动词复数(两者均表示“大量的”)
in large amounts 大量地
in small amounts 少量地
经典佳句
A large amount of damage was done to the city in a very short time, which shocked everyone on the spot.短时间内,这个城市受到了大量的破坏,这震惊了在场的每个人。
名师点拨
表示“大量的”的短语还有a large number of、 a great deal of、 plenty of、 a lot of等。
(1)a great deal of和a large amount of只能修饰不可数名词;
(2)a large number of只能修饰可数名词复数;
(3)a lot of和plenty of既可以修饰可数名词复数,也可以修饰不可数名词。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)A large amount of money (be) to be spent in building a new bridge for the village.
(2)At that time, small amounts of land (use) for keeping animals.
答案 (1)is (2)were used
知识点4 approach n.方法;途径;接近vt.接近;接洽;着手处理vi.靠近
(P42)Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Gogh's Sunflowers.It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.朱迪注视着梵·高的《向日葵》。要接近这幅画太难了,因为其周围有那么多人。
知识拓展
make an approach to 对……进行探讨
make approaches to sb 想亲近某人;想与某人打交道
at the approach of 在……快到的时候
an/the approach to doing sth 做某事的方法
approach to 接近;近似于
图解释义
As Teachers' Day was approaching, our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day.随着教师节的临近,我们班决定举行一场聚会来庆祝这个重要的日子。
融会应用
单句写作
(1) , many cold-blooded animals are coming out to hunt food.随着春天的临近,许多冷血动物将出来觅食。
(2)Everyone has their own approach .每个人都有自己的处理这件事情的方法。
(3)We will be exploring .我们将探索收集信息的不同方法。
答案 (1)With spring approaching (2)to dealing with the matter (3)different approaches to gathering information
语法探究
过去分词作定语和宾语补足语
自主探究
阅读下列句子,并注意黑体部分的用法。
1.Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time spent with his students.
2.In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden within the work.
3.The manager was satisfied to see many new products developed after great effort.
4.She was well-dressed that evening, hoping to make herself noticed at the ball.
5.The chairman wished those letters typed as soon as possible.
我的发现
(1)第1、2句中的过去分词在句中充当 ,其动作在谓语动词的动作 发生,表示 或已完成的动作。
(2)第3、4、5句中的过去分词在句中充当 ,表示 或 的意义。
答案 (1)定语;之前;被动的 (2)宾语补足语;被动;完成
探究点1 过去分词作定语
1.作定语的过去分词一般是由及物动词转化的,被修饰的词在逻辑上是这个及物动词的宾语。
The government decided to rebuild the damaged bridge.政府决定重新修建那座被损毁的桥。
What's the language spoken in Germany 在德国,人们讲什么语言
2.不及物动词的过去分词也可作定语,一般作前置定语,不表示被动意义,只强调动作的状态或完成。
Autumn is here, and the ground is covered with fallen leaves.秋天到了,地上满是落叶。
When payments to retired workers are cut, the three decide to get their money back.当给退休工人的退休金被削减之后,这三个人决定把自己的钱拿回来。
3.过去分词短语有时还可用作非限制性定语,相当于一个非限制性定语从句,前后用逗号分开。
Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages(=who were born and brought up in rural villages), had never seen a train.他们中的一些人在农村出生和长大,从来没有见过火车。
4.过去分词与动词-ing形式作定语时的区别
动词-ing形式作定语时,其与所修饰的名词之间是主谓关系,常表示动作正在进行;而过去分词作定语时,则表示动作的被动或完成。
The girl standing under the tree is really charming.
正站在树下的那个女孩子真的很迷人。
What do you think of the meeting held yesterday 你觉得昨天召开的会议怎么样
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)I was the first Western TV reporter (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
(2)The witnesses (question) by the police just now gave very different descriptions.
(3)The adobe dwellings (土坯房) (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by architects and engineers.
Ⅱ.用非谓语作定语补全句子
(4)Even though it is in summer, on the ground.即使是在夏天,地上仍有很多落叶。
(5)Nowadays there are a lot of man-made satellites .如今在太空中有许多人造卫星在飞行。
(6)There are many problems .有很多问题有待解决。
答案 (1)permitted (2)questioned (3)built
(4)there are still many fallen leaves (5)flying in space (6)to be settled
探究点2 过去分词作宾语补足语
1.感官动词(短语)see、 watch、 observe、 look at、 hear、 listen to、 find、 feel、 notice等接过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语时,表示“看到/听到/发现/感觉到/注意到某物或某人被……”。
I can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain.我能听到窗户被大雨敲打的声音。
The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.经理们讨论了那个他们希望明年实施的计划。
2.使役动词have、 make、 get、 keep、 leave等接过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语时,表示“致使某物或某人被……”。
Tom has been away from home for two years, leaving his room covered with dust.汤姆离家两年了,他的房间里满是灰尘。
When will you have your eyes examined 你什么时候检查你的眼睛
3.过去分词、动词-ing形式及动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别:
过去分词作宾语补足语,宾语和补足语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系;动词-ing形式作宾语补足语,宾语和补足语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,其动作与谓语动作同时进行;动词不定式作宾语补足语强调动作发生的全过程,有时也表示一个将来的动作。注意:see、hear等动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式要省略to。
We saw the injured sent to hospital shortly after the accident.我们看到伤员在事故发生不久后被送到了医院。
We saw him cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard this morning.今天早晨我们看见他在院子里扫落叶。
We saw her enter the supermarket and buy herself a box of chocolate.我们看见她进了超市,给自己买了一盒巧克力。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)The headmaster didn't like the topic (discuss) at the meeting.
(2)Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car (wash).
(3)Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues (amuse) with her stories.
(4)With the problem (solve), the quality has been improved.
(5)Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother (take) good care of at home.
答案 (1)discussed (2)washed (3)amused (4)solved (5)taken
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.The newly (build) railway line was brought into use not long ago.
2.The piano (use) at the concert is made in France.
3.With many brightly-coloured flowers (plant) around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.
4.The peasants had the tractor (work) day and night at the harvest time.
5.The experience (gain) will give you more confidence to help your customers.
6.The teacher wouldn't like the problem (discuss) at the moment.
7.The chairman was dismissed because of (fall) profits.
8.Our students need to adapt to the rapidly (change) world.
答案 1.built 2.used 3.planted 4.working
5.gained 6.discussed 7.falling 8.changing
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.I'll about the breakthrough in our experiment.我将向你报告有关我们实验的重要进展。
2.He woke up only .他醒来发现他的汽车被偷了。
3.You seldom in this developed country.在这个发达国家,你很少听到有人讲脏话。
4.The speakers answered all the questions .演讲者回答了观众提出的所有问题。
5.He left home in a hurry, .他匆忙离开家,留下很多事没做。
答案 1.keep you informed 2.to find his car stolen
3.hear rude words spoken 4.raised by the audience
5.leaving many things undone
Ⅲ.语篇填空
The lake 1. (被……包围) beautiful natural landscape looked more beautiful.When 2. (发现) it,the explorer was amazed at the beauty of the lake. 3. (吃着自制的) bread with butter and honey, he was using the 4. (放置的) telescope to admire the lake, which made him 5. (轻松愉快).
答案 1.surrounded by 2.finding 3.Eating the homemade 4.positioned 5.relaxed and pleased
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过分析教材例句,理解和掌握过去分词作定语和宾语补足语的用法。(语言能力)
3.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化过去分词作定语和宾语补足语的用法,并学以致用。(学习能力)
【合作探究】
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 charge n.收费;指控;主管 vt.收费;控告;充电
(P42)Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our car battery charged. 朱迪和我把我们的车停在特拉法尔加广场附近的一个地下停车场,在那里我们可以给我们汽车的电池充电。
知识拓展
in charge of 掌握;负责
in the charge of... 在……的掌管之下
take charge of 掌管;负责;担任;监督
free of charge 免费的
charge sb for sth 因某物/某事向某人收费
charge sb with sth 控告某人某事
经典佳句
The shaver can be charged up and used when travelling.这种电动剃须刀可充电供旅行使用。
名师点拨
in charge of往往以人作主语,指“某人负责/主管某事”;in the charge of往往以物作主语,指“某物由某人主管”。类似的短语还有in control of “控制……”、in the control of “……由……控制”;in possession of “拥有……”、in the possession of “……为……所拥有”等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)It's what this place offers,and it's free charge.
(2)A week later,I volunteered to take charge English study in my class.
Ⅱ.一句多译
这家公司在格林小姐的掌管之下。
(3)Miss Green is the company.
(4)The company is Miss Green.
答案 (1)of (2)of (3)in charge of (4)in/under the charge of
知识点2 announce vt.宣布;通知;声称 *announcement n.通告;宣告 *announcer n.宣告者;播音员;广播员
(P42)When we finally reached at the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.当我们最后到达服务台索要音频指南时,我们听到服务台说已经没有音频指南了。
知识拓展
announce sth to sb 向某人宣告某事
It is announced that... 据宣布……
make an announcement 宣布;发布通告
经典佳句
The government yesterday announced to the media plans to create a million new jobs. 政府在昨天向媒体宣布了创造一百万个新工作的计划。
名师点拨
动词announce后不跟双宾语,表示“向某人宣布某事”时应该说announce sth to sb,类似用法的单词还有suggest、 explain、 report、 say等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)It is wise to announce the news the public.
(2)It (announce) that only when the fire was under control would the residents be permitted to return to their homes.
Ⅱ.用announce的适当形式填空
(3)The made an that all the details should through the broadcast.播音员宣布所有细节都应通过广播宣布。
答案 (1)to (2)was announced (3)announcer; announcement; be announced
知识点3 amount n.数量;金额
(P42)We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance of the National Gallery.国家美术馆入口聚集着大量的游客,充斥着嘈杂的声音,我们对此感到十分惊讶。
知识拓展
a large amount of+不可数名词+谓语动词单数=large amounts of+不可数名词+谓语动词复数(两者均表示“大量的”)
in large amounts 大量地
in small amounts 少量地
经典佳句
A large amount of damage was done to the city in a very short time, which shocked everyone on the spot.短时间内,这个城市受到了大量的破坏,这震惊了在场的每个人。
名师点拨
表示“大量的”的短语还有a large number of、 a great deal of、 plenty of、 a lot of等。
(1)a great deal of和a large amount of只能修饰不可数名词;
(2)a large number of只能修饰可数名词复数;
(3)a lot of和plenty of既可以修饰可数名词复数,也可以修饰不可数名词。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)A large amount of money (be) to be spent in building a new bridge for the village.
(2)At that time, small amounts of land (use) for keeping animals.
答案 (1)is (2)were used
知识点4 approach n.方法;途径;接近vt.接近;接洽;着手处理vi.靠近
(P42)Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Gogh's Sunflowers.It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.朱迪注视着梵·高的《向日葵》。要接近这幅画太难了,因为其周围有那么多人。
知识拓展
make an approach to 对……进行探讨
make approaches to sb 想亲近某人;想与某人打交道
at the approach of 在……快到的时候
an/the approach to doing sth 做某事的方法
approach to 接近;近似于
图解释义
As Teachers' Day was approaching, our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day.随着教师节的临近,我们班决定举行一场聚会来庆祝这个重要的日子。
融会应用
单句写作
(1) , many cold-blooded animals are coming out to hunt food.随着春天的临近,许多冷血动物将出来觅食。
(2)Everyone has their own approach .每个人都有自己的处理这件事情的方法。
(3)We will be exploring .我们将探索收集信息的不同方法。
答案 (1)With spring approaching (2)to dealing with the matter (3)different approaches to gathering information
语法探究
过去分词作定语和宾语补足语
自主探究
阅读下列句子,并注意黑体部分的用法。
1.Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time spent with his students.
2.In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden within the work.
3.The manager was satisfied to see many new products developed after great effort.
4.She was well-dressed that evening, hoping to make herself noticed at the ball.
5.The chairman wished those letters typed as soon as possible.
我的发现
(1)第1、2句中的过去分词在句中充当 ,其动作在谓语动词的动作 发生,表示 或已完成的动作。
(2)第3、4、5句中的过去分词在句中充当 ,表示 或 的意义。
答案 (1)定语;之前;被动的 (2)宾语补足语;被动;完成
探究点1 过去分词作定语
1.作定语的过去分词一般是由及物动词转化的,被修饰的词在逻辑上是这个及物动词的宾语。
The government decided to rebuild the damaged bridge.政府决定重新修建那座被损毁的桥。
What's the language spoken in Germany 在德国,人们讲什么语言
2.不及物动词的过去分词也可作定语,一般作前置定语,不表示被动意义,只强调动作的状态或完成。
Autumn is here, and the ground is covered with fallen leaves.秋天到了,地上满是落叶。
When payments to retired workers are cut, the three decide to get their money back.当给退休工人的退休金被削减之后,这三个人决定把自己的钱拿回来。
3.过去分词短语有时还可用作非限制性定语,相当于一个非限制性定语从句,前后用逗号分开。
Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages(=who were born and brought up in rural villages), had never seen a train.他们中的一些人在农村出生和长大,从来没有见过火车。
4.过去分词与动词-ing形式作定语时的区别
动词-ing形式作定语时,其与所修饰的名词之间是主谓关系,常表示动作正在进行;而过去分词作定语时,则表示动作的被动或完成。
The girl standing under the tree is really charming.
正站在树下的那个女孩子真的很迷人。
What do you think of the meeting held yesterday 你觉得昨天召开的会议怎么样
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)I was the first Western TV reporter (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.
(2)The witnesses (question) by the police just now gave very different descriptions.
(3)The adobe dwellings (土坯房) (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by architects and engineers.
Ⅱ.用非谓语作定语补全句子
(4)Even though it is in summer, on the ground.即使是在夏天,地上仍有很多落叶。
(5)Nowadays there are a lot of man-made satellites .如今在太空中有许多人造卫星在飞行。
(6)There are many problems .有很多问题有待解决。
答案 (1)permitted (2)questioned (3)built
(4)there are still many fallen leaves (5)flying in space (6)to be settled
探究点2 过去分词作宾语补足语
1.感官动词(短语)see、 watch、 observe、 look at、 hear、 listen to、 find、 feel、 notice等接过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语时,表示“看到/听到/发现/感觉到/注意到某物或某人被……”。
I can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain.我能听到窗户被大雨敲打的声音。
The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.经理们讨论了那个他们希望明年实施的计划。
2.使役动词have、 make、 get、 keep、 leave等接过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语时,表示“致使某物或某人被……”。
Tom has been away from home for two years, leaving his room covered with dust.汤姆离家两年了,他的房间里满是灰尘。
When will you have your eyes examined 你什么时候检查你的眼睛
3.过去分词、动词-ing形式及动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别:
过去分词作宾语补足语,宾语和补足语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系;动词-ing形式作宾语补足语,宾语和补足语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,其动作与谓语动作同时进行;动词不定式作宾语补足语强调动作发生的全过程,有时也表示一个将来的动作。注意:see、hear等动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式要省略to。
We saw the injured sent to hospital shortly after the accident.我们看到伤员在事故发生不久后被送到了医院。
We saw him cleaning the fallen leaves in the yard this morning.今天早晨我们看见他在院子里扫落叶。
We saw her enter the supermarket and buy herself a box of chocolate.我们看见她进了超市,给自己买了一盒巧克力。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)The headmaster didn't like the topic (discuss) at the meeting.
(2)Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car (wash).
(3)Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues (amuse) with her stories.
(4)With the problem (solve), the quality has been improved.
(5)Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother (take) good care of at home.
答案 (1)discussed (2)washed (3)amused (4)solved (5)taken
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.The newly (build) railway line was brought into use not long ago.
2.The piano (use) at the concert is made in France.
3.With many brightly-coloured flowers (plant) around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden.
4.The peasants had the tractor (work) day and night at the harvest time.
5.The experience (gain) will give you more confidence to help your customers.
6.The teacher wouldn't like the problem (discuss) at the moment.
7.The chairman was dismissed because of (fall) profits.
8.Our students need to adapt to the rapidly (change) world.
答案 1.built 2.used 3.planted 4.working
5.gained 6.discussed 7.falling 8.changing
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.I'll about the breakthrough in our experiment.我将向你报告有关我们实验的重要进展。
2.He woke up only .他醒来发现他的汽车被偷了。
3.You seldom in this developed country.在这个发达国家,你很少听到有人讲脏话。
4.The speakers answered all the questions .演讲者回答了观众提出的所有问题。
5.He left home in a hurry, .他匆忙离开家,留下很多事没做。
答案 1.keep you informed 2.to find his car stolen
3.hear rude words spoken 4.raised by the audience
5.leaving many things undone
Ⅲ.语篇填空
The lake 1. (被……包围) beautiful natural landscape looked more beautiful.When 2. (发现) it,the explorer was amazed at the beauty of the lake. 3. (吃着自制的) bread with butter and honey, he was using the 4. (放置的) telescope to admire the lake, which made him 5. (轻松愉快).
答案 1.surrounded by 2.finding 3.Eating the homemade 4.positioned 5.relaxed and pleased