Unit 1
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过理解教材例句,掌握名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语的用法。(语言能力)
3.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语,并学以致用。(学习能力)
【合作探究】
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 survival n.生存;幸存;幸存事物 *survive vi.生存;存活vt.幸存;艰难度过 *survivor n.幸存者;生还者
(P17)We'll learn survival skills.我们会学习生存技能。
知识拓展
survive sth 幸免于某事;从……中挺过来/活下来
survive on 依靠……生存下来
survive from 从……留存下来
A survive B (by...)A比B活得长(……)
经典佳句
Much to our joy, all of the 20 people were able to survive the fire, which brought great comfort to their families.让我们非常高兴的是,在这场火灾中的20个人全部幸免于难,这给他们的家人带来了巨大的宽慰。
名师点拨
survive 表示“幸免于难”时,是及物动词,其后接宾语时不需要加介词in或from。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)How did the couple survive such a small monthly wage at that time
(2)As far as I know, the old lady survived her husband 10 years.
(3)If the hunter couldn't find his way out of the forest, there would be little chance of (survive).
Ⅱ.语境填空
(4)Mastering some basic skills will greatly increase your . Last week, thanks to their swimming skills, he and his friend , and they were .掌握一些基本技能将大大增加你的生存机会。上周,多亏了他们的游泳技术,他和他的朋友在可怕的洪水中得以幸存,他们是唯一的幸存者。
答案 (1)on (2)by (3)survival (4)chances of survival; survived the terrible flood;the only survivors
知识点2 expert n.专家;行家 adj.熟练的;内行的;专家的 *expertise n.[U]专业知识;专门技能;专长
(P17)We'll learn how to live in the wild from some experts.我们将向一些专家学习如何在野外生活。
知识拓展
an expert at/in/on (doing) sth 一位……方面的专家
be expert at/in (doing) sth擅长;是……领域的行家
经典佳句
She's expert at making cheap but stylish clothes. 她擅长做便宜但雅致的服装。
融会应用
单句写作
(1)Harvey cured the pain . 哈维用他那内行的手治愈了那病痛。
(2)She was not an accountant and to verify all of the financial details. 她不是会计,不具有核查所有这些财政细目的专业知识。
答案 (1)with his own expert hands (2)didn't have the expertise
语法探究
名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语
自主探究
分析下列句子中黑体短语充当的成分。
1.These red roses are for you.
2.I have three close friends.
3.He is my best friend.
4.There are some red roses on that small table.
5.Your room is large and beautiful.
6.The news made her very sad.
7.You have a small but beautiful room.
8.The lost boy spent three days in the forest, cold and hungry.
9.She types quickly and correctly.
10.The teacher speaks clearly enough.
我的发现
(1)句1中的These red roses在句中充当 。
(2)句2中的three close friends在句中充当 。
(3)句3中的my best friend在句中充当 。
(4)句4中的some red roses在句中充当 ; that small table在句中充当介词on的 。
(5)句5中的形容词短语large and beautiful在句中充当 。
(6)句6中的 形容词短语very sad在句中充当 。
(7)句7中的形容词短语small and beautiful在句中充当 。
(8)句8中的形容词短语cold and hungry在句中充当 。
(9)句9中的quickly and correctly在句中充当 。
(10)句10中的clearly enough在句中充当 。
答案 (1)主语 (2)宾语 (3)表语 (4)主语;宾语
(5)表语 (6)宾语补足语 (7)定语 (8)状语
(9)状语 (10)状语
探究点1 名词短语
1.名词短语的定义
名词与它的修饰语一起构成名词短语。
the bird in the tree 树上的那只小鸟
the map on the wall 墙上的地图
the development of China 中国的发展
the way to the hotel 去旅馆的路
the life in the future 未来的生活
2.简单名词短语(定语位于中心名词之前)
(1)形容词作定语
多个形容词作定语顺序:限定词+品质+大小/年岁+颜色+国家+分词+所修饰的名词。
a beautiful old red French handmade cupboard 一个漂亮的法国老式的手工制作的红柜子
an elegant French clock 一座典雅的法国钟
(2)名词作定语
a shoe factory 一家鞋厂
women nurses 女护士
clothes shops 服装店
(3)动词-ing形式作定语(表示主动、进行)
swimming pools 游泳池
boiling water 沸水
developing countries 发展中国家
(4)过去分词作定语(表示被动、完成、感受)
a broken bike 一辆坏了的自行车
lost books 丢失的书
developed countries 发达国家
boiled water 烧开过的水
a satisfied expression 一个满意的表情
a polluted river 一条被污染的河流
(5)代词作定语
my father 我的父亲
our school 我们的学校
名师点拨
限定词包括冠词(a、an、the)、指示代词(this、that、these、those)、物主代词(my、your、his、her、its、our、their)和不定代词(some、no、neither、both等)。
探究点2 形容词短语
1.形容词短语的定义
形容词短语是指由几个形容词或形容词前加修饰语构成的短语。
2.形容词短语的功能
(1)形容词短语作定语,可用在名词的前面或后面作修饰语。
He is a worker worthy of praise.他是一个值得表扬的工人。(形容词短语worthy of praise修饰前面的名词worker)
(2)形容词短语作状语,说明主语的情况, 可以表示动作或状态发生的原因、方式、时间等, 或对谓语作补充说明。
After the long journey, they went back home, hungry and tired.长途旅行过后,他们回到家,又累又饿。
(3)形容词短语作补足语。
I think your answer correct and proper.我认为你的答案是正确的并且是恰当的。
探究点3 副词短语
1.副词短语的定义
副词短语是指由几个副词或副词前加修饰语构成的短语。
2.副词短语的构成
(1)两个或多个副词可以由and、but等连接构成副词短语。
I tried again and again.我试了一遍又一遍。
(2)very、much、enough等程度副词作修饰语,与其他副词构成副词短语。
He runs very fast.他跑得很快。
He can finish that much quicker.他能以快得多的速度完成它。
名师点拨
副词enough修饰形容词或者副词,构成形容词短语或者副词短语,此时一般放在所修饰的形容词或者副词后面。
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.指出下列句子中画线部分是名词短语、形容词短语还是副词短语
1.To live an enjoyable and meaningful life,let's read more good books! ( )
2.As long as there is kindness and virtue,the world will become more and more beautiful. ( )
3.Her manner and attitudes towards him were quite the same as she had always been. ( )
4.I'm more than pleased to know that you are learning Chinese. ( )
5.A sailor who has experienced no storm will never become an excellent sailor. ( )
6.Only in this way can we live more easily and happily. ( )
答案 1.名词短语 2.形容词短语 3.名词短语 4.形容词短语 5.名词短语 6.副词短语
Ⅱ.指出下列句子中画线部分所作的句子成分
1.I can read well enough without glasses.
2.I thought Susan nice and friendly the first time I met her.
3.No words are strong enough to express our thanks for your help.
4.My favorite hobby is reading books and newspapers.
5.Let's do sports together and enjoy a healthy life!
6.Many students took part in the English competition last week.
答案 1.状语 2.宾语补足语 3.表语;宾语 4.主语 5.宾语 6.主语
Ⅲ.判断画线部分的短语类型
1.A well-known old man was being interviewed and was asked if it was 2.really correct that he had just celebrated 3.his ninety-ninth birthday.
“That's 4.very right,” said the old man.“Ninety-nine years old,I don't have 5.an enemy in the world.They're all dead.”
“Well,sir,” said 6.the interviewer, “I hope 7.very much to have the honour of interviewing you on 8.your hundredth birthday.”
The old man looked at the young man 9.very closely,and said,“I can't see why you shouldn't.You look 10.fit and healthy!And aren't you 11.strong enough ”
答案 1.名词短语 2.形容词短语 3.名词短语 4.形容词短语 5.名词短语 6.名词短语 7.副词短语 8.名词短语 9.副词短语 10.形容词短语 11.形容词短语
2(共25张PPT)
UNIT 1 TEENAGE LIFE
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过理解教材例句，掌握名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语的用法。（语言能力）
3.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语,并学以致用。（学习能力）
核心单词
知识点1 survival n.生存；幸存；幸存事物＊survive vi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过 ＊survivor n.幸存者；生还者
（P17）We'll learn survival skills.我们会学习生存技能。
知识拓展
survive sth 幸免于某事；从……中挺过来/活下来
survive on 依靠……生存下来
survive from 从……留存下来
A survive B （by...）A比B活得长（……）
经典佳句
Much to our joy, all of the 20 people were able to survive the fire, which brought great comfort to their families.让我们非常高兴的是，在这场火灾中的20个人全部幸免于难，这给他们的家人带来了巨大的宽慰。
名师点拨
survive 表示“幸免于难”时，是及物动词，其后接宾语时不需要加介词in或from。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）How did the couple survive____ such a small monthly wage at that time
on
（2）As far as I know, the old lady survived her husband____10 years.
by
（3）If the hunter couldn't find his way out of the forest, there would be little
chance of ________（survive）.
survival
Ⅱ.语境填空
（4）Mastering some basic skills will greatly increase your __________________.
Last week, thanks to their swimming skills, he and his friend
chances of survival
________________________, and they were _________________.掌握一些基本技能将
大大增加你的生存机会。上周，多亏了他们的游泳技术，他和他的朋友在可怕的洪水
中得以幸存，他们是唯一的幸存者。
survived the terrible flood
the only survivors
知识点2 expert n.专家；行家 adj.熟练的；内行的；专家的＊expertise n.［U］专业知识；专门技能；专长
（P17）We'll learn how to live in the wild from some experts.我们将向一些专家学习如何在野外生活。
知识拓展
an expert at/in/on （doing） sth 一位……方面的专家
be expert at/in （doing） sth擅长；是……领域的行家
经典佳句
She's expert at making cheap but stylish clothes. 她擅长做便宜但雅致的服装。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）Harvey cured the pain _________________________. 哈维用他那内行的手治愈
了那病痛。
with his own expert hands
（2）She was not an accountant and _______________________ to verify all of the
financial details. 她不是会计，不具有核查所有这些财政细目的专业知识。
didn't have the expertise
名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语
自主探究
分析下列句子中黑体短语充当的成分。
1.These red roses are for you.
2.I have three close friends.
3.He is my best friend.
4.There are some red roses on that small table.
5.Your room is large and beautiful.
6.The news made her very sad.
7.You have a small but beautiful room.
8.The lost boy spent three days in the forest, cold and hungry.
9.She types quickly and correctly.
10.The teacher speaks clearly enough.
我的发现
（1）句1中的These red roses在句中充当______。
主语
（2）句2中的three close friends在句中充当______。
宾语
（3）句3中的my best friend在句中充当______。
表语
（4）句4中的some red roses在句中充当______； that small table在句中充当介词on的
______。
主语
宾语
（5）句5中的形容词短语large and beautiful在句中充当______。
表语
（6）句6中的 形容词短语very sad在句中充当____________。
宾语补足语
（7）句7中的形容词短语small and beautiful在句中充当______。
定语
（8）句8中的形容词短语cold and hungry在句中充当______。
状语
（9）句9中的quickly and correctly在句中充当______。
状语
（10）句10中的clearly enough在句中充当______。
状语
探究点1 名词短语
1.名词短语的定义
名词与它的修饰语一起构成名词短语。
the bird in the tree 树上的那只小鸟
the map on the wall 墙上的地图
the development of China 中国的发展
the way to the hotel 去旅馆的路
the life in the future 未来的生活
2.简单名词短语（定语位于中心名词之前）
（1）形容词作定语
多个形容词作定语顺序:限定词+品质+大小/年岁+颜色+国家+分词+所修饰的名词。
a beautiful old red French handmade cupboard 一个漂亮的法国老式的手工制作的红柜子
an elegant French clock 一座典雅的法国钟
（2）名词作定语
a shoe factory 一家鞋厂
women nurses 女护士
clothes shops 服装店
（3）动词-ing形式作定语（表示主动、进行）
swimming pools 游泳池
boiling water 沸水
developing countries 发展中国家
（4）过去分词作定语（表示被动、完成、感受）
a broken bike 一辆坏了的自行车
lost books 丢失的书
developed countries 发达国家
boiled water 烧开过的水
a satisfied expression 一个满意的表情
a polluted river 一条被污染的河流
（5）代词作定语
my father 我的父亲
our school 我们的学校
名师点拨
限定词包括冠词（a、an、the）、指示代词（this、that、these、those）、物主代词（my、your、his、her、its、our、their）和不定代词（some、no、neither、both等）。
探究点2 形容词短语
1.形容词短语的定义
形容词短语是指由几个形容词或形容词前加修饰语构成的短语。
2.形容词短语的功能
（1）形容词短语作定语，可用在名词的前面或后面作修饰语。
He is a worker worthy of praise.他是一个值得表扬的工人。（形容词短语worthy of praise修饰前面的名词worker）
（2）形容词短语作状语，说明主语的情况, 可以表示动作或状态发生的原因、方式、时间等, 或对谓语作补充说明。
After the long journey, they went back home, hungry and tired.长途旅行过后，他们回到家，又累又饿。
（3）形容词短语作补足语。
I think your answer correct and proper.我认为你的答案是正确的并且是恰当的。
探究点3 副词短语
1.副词短语的定义
副词短语是指由几个副词或副词前加修饰语构成的短语。
2.副词短语的构成
（1）两个或多个副词可以由and、but等连接构成副词短语。
I tried again and again.我试了一遍又一遍。
（2）very、much、enough等程度副词作修饰语，与其他副词构成副词短语。
He runs very fast.他跑得很快。
He can finish that much quicker.他能以快得多的速度完成它。
名师点拨
副词enough修饰形容词或者副词，构成形容词短语或者副词短语，此时一般放在所修饰的形容词或者副词后面。
Ⅰ.指出下列句子中画线部分是名词短语、形容词短语还是副词短语
1.To live an enjoyable and meaningful life,let's read more good books！( )
名词短语
2.As long as there is kindness and virtue,the world will become more and more
beautiful. ( )
形容词短语
3.Her manner and attitudestowards him were quite the same as she had always
been.( )
名词短语
4.I'm more than pleased to know that you are learning Chinese.( )
形容词短语
5.A sailor who has experienced no storm will never become an excellent
sailor.( )
名词短语
6.Only in this way can we live more easily and happily.( )
副词短语
Ⅱ.指出下列句子中画线部分所作的句子成分
1.I can read well enough without glasses.______
状语
2.I thought Susan nice and friendly the first time I met her.____________
宾语补足语
3.No words are strong enough to express our thanks for your help.____________
表语；宾语
4.My favorite hobbyis reading books and newspapers.______
主语
5.Let's do sports together and enjoy a healthy life！______
宾语
6.Many studentstook part in the English competition last week.______
主语
Ⅲ.判断画线部分的短语类型
1.A well-known old man was being interviewed and was asked if it was 2.really correct that he had just celebrated 3.his ninety-ninth birthday．
“That's 4.very right，” said the old man.“Ninety-nine years old，I don't have 5.an enemy in the world. They're all dead.”
“Well，sir，” said 6.the interviewer， “I hope 7.very much to have the honour of interviewing you on 8.your hundredth birthday．”
The old man looked at the young man 9.very closely，and said，“I can't see why you shouldn't. You look 10.fit and healthy！And aren't you 11.strong enough？”
1.__________
名词短语
2.____________
形容词短语
3.__________
名词短语
4.____________
形容词短语
5.__________
名词短语
6.__________
名词短语
7.__________
副词短语
8.__________
名词短语
9.__________
副词短语
10.____________
形容词短语
11.____________
形容词短语
