(共31张PPT)
UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
学习目标
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过理解教材例句，理解和掌握附加疑问句的用法。（语言能力）
3.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固附加疑问句的用法,并学以致用。（学习能力）
核心单词
知识点1 compete v.竞争；对抗；参加比赛（或竞赛）＊competition n.比赛 ＊competitive adj.有竞争力的 ＊competitor n.比赛者；对手
（P41）An athlete should think about honour and his/her fans if he/she is competing for his/her country.如果一个运动员正在为他/她的国家比赛，他/她应该考虑荣誉和他/她的粉丝。
知识拓展
compete in... 参加……比赛
compete against/with 与……比赛
compete for... 为争取／得到……而比赛／竞争
in competition with 与……竞争
经典佳句
Life is like a long race where we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.生活就像一场长跑比赛，我们在比赛里和他人竞争从而超越自己。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Max will compete ___ a race ___________ others ____ the first place.
in
with/against
for
（2）The two companies are ___ competition with each other.
in
（3）There's a lot of ___________（compete） between computer companies.
competition
（4）Their prices are lower than any of their ___________（compete）.
competitors
（5）Working in such a ___________（compete） industry, I've sometimes thought,
“I can't do this any more.”
competitive
Ⅱ.单句写作
（6）I'm writing to invite you to ___________debate competition at our school.我写
信是想邀请你我们学校的辩论赛。
compete in
（7）We can ___________________ students from other universities in debate
contests.我们可以和来自其他大学的学生在辩论比赛中竞争。
compete with/against
知识点2 pretend v.假装；佯装；（在游戏中）装扮
（P41）A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.足球运动员不应该假装跌倒，即使那样做对他（她）的球队有利。
知识拓展
pretend to be+ n./adj. 假装是……
pretend （not） to do sth 假装（不）做……
pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做……
pretend to have done sth 假装已做过……
pretend + that从句 假装……
经典佳句
When I am faced with difficulties in learning, I won't pretend to know it, but turn to my classmates or teachers.当我在学习中遇到难题时，我会向同学或老师求助，而不会不懂装懂。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Don't pretend _____________（understand） when you don't.
to understand
（2）When his mother came in，he pretended ______________（study）.
to be studying
（3）He pretended _______________（finish） his homework already.
to have finished
知识点3 cheat vi.作弊；舞弊 vt.欺骗；蒙骗 n.欺骗手段；骗子
（P41）You should never cheat.你决不应该作弊。
知识拓展
cheat sb into doing sth 欺骗某人做某事
cheat sb （out） of sth 阻止某人得到某物
get cheated 被骗
图解释义
Cheating in an exam is unacceptable.在考试中作弊是不能接受的。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）She was addicted to chatting online and later she got ________ （cheat）.
cheated
（2）The guy cheated the old man into _______ （buy） his false goods.
buying
短语句式
知识点4 make sense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚
（P41）That doesn't make any sense！那没有任何意义！
知识拓展
make sense of 理解；明白
make no sense 没道理；没意义
There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事没道理/意义。
图解释义
The idea finally makes sense to me. 我终于想通了。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Provided you didn't try to make sense ___it, it sounded beautiful.
of
（2）There's no sense in _________ （worry） about his safety.
worrying
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）He doesn't talk much, but what he says ____________．他话不多，但言之有理。
makes sense
（4）As far as I'm concerned, ___________________ getting upset about it now.就我
而言，现在为这事苦恼是没有意义的。
there is no sense in
（5）She kept silent for a few moments, trying to ________________________.她沉
默了片刻， 试图弄明白一切。
make sense of everything
知识点5 even if 引导让步状语从句
（P41）A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.足球运动员不应该假装跌倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。
知识拓展
本句为主从复合句，含有even if引导的让步状语从句。
even if=even though，意为“即使；虽然”，引导让步状语从句，从句常用一般现在时代替将来时。
Even if/though I fail this time, I will try again.即使这次失败了，我也会再次尝试。
They won't go to the party even if/though （they are） invited.即使受到邀请，他们也不会去参加那个聚会。
名师点拨
even if的易混短语为as if。as if=as though，意为“好像”，引导方式状语从句和表语从句。
融会应用 选词填空（even if/as if）
（1）________he suffered from a lot of difficulties, he never gave in.
Even if
（2）They completely ignore these facts______they never existed.
as if
（3）You can still go out for a good meal________you are on a fairly strict diet.
even if
附加疑问句
自主探究
阅读下列句子，并注意黑体部分的用法。
1.Everything has gone wrong, hasn't it
2.He must be in his room now, isn't he
3.Neither of you will have coffee, will you
4.Listen to me carefully, will/won't you
5.I believe he can make it, can't he
6.—That isn't important, is it
—Yes, it is./No, it isn't.
7.Don't make much noise, will you
我的发现
（1）当主语是this、 that、 everything、 something、 nothing、 anything、动词不定
式、动词-ing形式或从句时，附加疑问部分中的代词用it。如上述句___和句___。
1
6
（2）当陈述部分中含有情态动词must时，附加疑问部分要根据must在陈述部分中的意
义决定。如上述句___。
2
（3）陈述部分中用了表示否定或半否定的词时，如neither、 none、 nobody、
nothing、 few、 little、 never、 hardly、 seldom等，附加疑问部分用肯定形式。如上
述句___。
3
（4）肯定的祈使句的附加疑问部分用will/won't you，如上述句___；否定的祈使句的
附加疑问部分用will you，如上述句___。
4
7
（5）当主句主语是第一人称，并且谓语部分为think、 believe、 imagine、 suppose等
且后有从句时，附加疑问部分一般与从句的谓语一致，如上述句___。
5
（6）回答附加疑问句时，事实是肯定的，回答用“Yes+肯定的简略句”；事实是否定的，
回答用“No+否定的简略句”，形式要一致，如上述句___。
6
探究点1 基本用法与结构
陈述部分与疑问部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致,而且肯定和否定形式彼此相反：陈述部分为肯定式时,疑问部分用否定式；陈述部分为否定式时,疑问部分用肯定式。
He likes English, doesn't he？他喜欢英语,不是吗？
He doesn't like English, does he 他不喜欢英语,是吗？
名师点拨
附加疑问句的回答:答语要和实际情况相符合,遵循“实事求是”的原则。肯定的答案用“Yes+肯定结构”,否定的答案用“No+否定结构”。
—You aren't a teacher, are you 你不是老师,是吗？
—Yes, I am. /No, I'm not. 不,我是。/是的,我不是。
探究点2 特殊用法与结构
1.若陈述部分含有hardly、never、few、nothing、little、nobody、seldom等否定词或半否定词,其疑问部分要用肯定式。
He has few friends here, does he 他在这儿几乎没朋友,是吗？
She said nothing, did she 她什么也没说,是吗？
2.若陈述部分含有带否定前缀的词,疑问部分仍用否定式。
It is unfair, isn't it 这不公平,不是吗？
3.当陈述部分为there be句型时,疑问部分仍用there作“主语”。
There was nothing in the room, was there？房间里什么也没有,是吗？
4.当陈述部分的主语是 something、anything、nothing、everything等复合不定代词时,其附加疑问句的主语要用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it 一切都准备好了，不是吗？
5.当陈述部分是I think/suppose/believe that... 结构时,其附加疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致；若主句的主语不是第一人称,则附加疑问句与主句的主语相一致。
I don't think he will come, will he？我认为他不会来,他会吗？
He thinks that she will come, doesn't he？他认为她会来,不是吗？
探究点3 含情态动词的附加疑问句
1.基本原则
在通常情况下,当陈述部分含有情态动词时,疑问部分应用与前面同样的情态动词。
He can speak English, can't he？他会说英语,不是吗？
We shouldn't go, should we 我们不应该去,是吗？
注意：当dare、need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do/does/did+主语。
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she 她不敢独自回家，对吗？
2.特殊情况
当陈述部分含有must时,要分两种情况:
（1）若must表示“必须”或“有必要”,则疑问部分用needn't；但是若陈述部分有mustn't（表示禁止）,则疑问部分用must；
（2）若must表示推测,则疑问部分不能用must,而应根据must后的动词结构采用相应的动词形式。若对已发生过去情况的推测，陈述句部分为must have done,且有过去的时间状语，则疑问部分用didn't；若没有表示过去的时间状语，则疑问部分用hasn't或haven't。
You must leave at once, needn't you？你必须/有必要马上离开,不是吗？
You mustn't laugh, must you 你不准笑,知道吗？
He must be tired, isn't he 他一定累了,不是吗？
They must have gone there last night,didn't they 他们昨晚一定到那儿了，不是吗？
探究点4 陈述部分为祈使句的附加疑问句
1.基本原则
若陈述部分为表示肯定含义的祈使句,疑问部分通常用will/won't you。若陈述部分为表示否定含义的祈使句，疑问部分通常用will you。
Please help us, will/won't you 请帮帮我们,好吗？
Come with us, will/won't you 同我们一起去那儿,好吗？
Don't forget to post the letter, will you 请别忘了寄信,好吗？
2.特殊情况
（1）当祈使句为Let's...时,疑问部分用 shall we。
（2）当祈使句为Let us...时,表示请求,疑问部分用will you。
Let's go there together, shall we 我们一起去那儿,好吗？
Let us know your address, will you 请把你的地址告诉我们,好吗？
Ⅰ.运用附加疑问句的用法完成下列句子
1.Your aunt could hardly recognize you， __________？
could she
2.Somebody's forgotten their coats，____________？
haven't they
3.Bob said he would telephone us，_________？
didn't he
4.You are so tired. You'd better have a rest， ___________？
hadn't you
5.Mr Johnson must have arrived by subway just now， _________？
didn't he
6.Don't forget to close the windows when you leave the room， _________？
will you
7.I don't believe they can pass the driving test， _________？
can they
8.Let me help you with your English study， _________？
will you
9.There won't be any meetings this evening， __________？
will there
10.Pass me the newspaper， ______________？
will/won't you
Ⅱ.仔细体会对话语境，完成下列附加疑问句
Tim: Hi， Susan. I've been wondering when I'd run into you. What are you busy
with？
Susan: Nice to meet you here， Tim. I'm buying some Christmas gifts for those who
work with me， but it's really a headache， 1._______？
Tim: Maybe I could give you some advice. Firstly， you should consider dividing
them into different groups， 2._____________？ Who are the people that are your
friends as well as your workmates and who are the people you do not know well but
see pretty much daily？
isn't it
shouldn't you
Susan: OK， then what should I do？
Tim: For the friends， you can buy them personal gifts， chocolate， for example.
Susan: This is what I always give， but I know one of my friends， Mary， is on
a diet， 3._________？
Tim: Does she like fruit or coffee？ Anyway， consider the gift that you know your
friend likes， will you？
Susan: Well， I think fruit is helpful to keep healthy， 4._______？ What about
others？
Tim: You can send them cards.
isn't she
isn't it
Susan: Christmas cards？
Tim: Yes， you can afford them. More importantly， it reminds them that you're
thinking of them， 5._________？
Susan: Thank you for your suggestions， Tim. You have helped me out，
6.___________？
doesn't it
haven't youUnit 3
Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要词汇的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过理解教材例句,理解和掌握附加疑问句的用法。(语言能力)
3.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固附加疑问句的用法,并学以致用。(学习能力)
【合作探究】
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 compete v.竞争;对抗;参加比赛(或竞赛) *competition n.比赛 *competitive adj.有竞争力的 *competitor n.比赛者;对手
(P41)An athlete should think about honour and his/her fans if he/she is competing for his/her country.如果一个运动员正在为他/她的国家比赛,他/她应该考虑荣誉和他/她的粉丝。
知识拓展
compete in... 参加……比赛
compete against/with 与……比赛
compete for... 为争取/得到……而比赛/竞争
in competition with 与……竞争
经典佳句
Life is like a long race where we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.生活就像一场长跑比赛,我们在比赛里和他人竞争从而超越自己。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Max will compete a race others the first place.
(2)The two companies are competition with each other.
(3)There's a lot of (compete) between computer companies.
(4)Their prices are lower than any of their (compete).
(5)Working in such a (compete) industry, I've sometimes thought, “I can't do this any more.”
Ⅱ.单句写作
(6)I'm writing to invite you to debate competition at our school.我写信是想邀请你我们学校的辩论赛。
(7)We can students from other universities in debate contests.我们可以和来自其他大学的学生在辩论比赛中竞争。
答案 (1)in; with/against; for (2)in (3)competition (4)competitors (5)competitive (6)compete in (7)compete with/against
知识点2 pretend v.假装;佯装;(在游戏中)装扮
(P41)A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.足球运动员不应该假装跌倒,即使那样做对他(她)的球队有利。
知识拓展
pretend to be+ n./adj. 假装是……
pretend (not) to do sth 假装(不)做……
pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做……
pretend to have done sth 假装已做过……
pretend + that从句 假装……
经典佳句
When I am faced with difficulties in learning, I won't pretend to know it, but turn to my classmates or teachers.当我在学习中遇到难题时,我会向同学或老师求助,而不会不懂装懂。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)Don't pretend (understand) when you don't.
(2)When his mother came in,he pretended (study).
(3)He pretended (finish) his homework already.
答案 (1)to understand (2)to be studying (3)to have finished
知识点3 cheat vi.作弊;舞弊 vt.欺骗;蒙骗 n.欺骗手段;骗子
(P41)You should never cheat.你决不应该作弊。
知识拓展
cheat sb into doing sth 欺骗某人做某事
cheat sb (out) of sth 阻止某人得到某物
get cheated 被骗
图解释义
Cheating in an exam is unacceptable.在考试中作弊是不能接受的。
融会应用
单句填空
(1)She was addicted to chatting online and later she got (cheat).
(2)The guy cheated the old man into (buy) his false goods.
答案 (1)cheated (2)buying
短 语 句 式
知识点4 make sense有道理;合乎情理;表述清楚
(P41)That doesn't make any sense!那没有任何意义!
知识拓展
make sense of 理解;明白
make no sense 没道理;没意义
There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事没道理/意义。
图解释义
The idea finally makes sense to me. 我终于想通了。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Provided you didn't try to make sense it, it sounded beautiful.
(2)There's no sense in (worry) about his safety.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)He doesn't talk much, but what he says .他话不多,但言之有理。
(4)As far as I'm concerned, getting upset about it now.就我而言,现在为这事苦恼是没有意义的。
(5)She kept silent for a few moments, trying to .她沉默了片刻, 试图弄明白一切。
答案 (1)of (2)worrying (3)makes sense
(4)there is no sense in (5)make sense of everything
知识点5 even if 引导让步状语从句
(P41)A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.足球运动员不应该假装跌倒,即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。
知识拓展
本句为主从复合句,含有even if引导的让步状语从句。
even if=even though,意为“即使;虽然”,引导让步状语从句,从句常用一般现在时代替将来时。
Even if/though I fail this time, I will try again.即使这次失败了,我也会再次尝试。
They won't go to the party even if/though (they are) invited.即使受到邀请,他们也不会去参加那个聚会。
名师点拨
even if的易混短语为as if。as if=as though,意为“好像”,引导方式状语从句和表语从句。
融会应用
选词填空(even if/as if)
(1) he suffered from a lot of difficulties, he never gave in.
(2)They completely ignore these facts they never existed.
(3)You can still go out for a good meal you are on a fairly strict diet.
答案 (1)Even if (2)as if (3)even if
语法探究
附加疑问句
自主探究
阅读下列句子,并注意黑体部分的用法。
1.Everything has gone wrong, hasn't it
2.He must be in his room now, isn't he
3.Neither of you will have coffee, will you
4.Listen to me carefully, will/won't you
5.I believe he can make it, can't he
6.—That isn't important, is it
—Yes, it is./No, it isn't.
7.Don't make much noise, will you
我的发现
(1)当主语是this、 that、 everything、 something、 nothing、 anything、动词不定式、动词-ing形式或从句时,附加疑问部分中的代词用it。如上述句 和句 。
(2)当陈述部分中含有情态动词must时,附加疑问部分要根据must在陈述部分中的意义决定。如上述句 。
(3)陈述部分中用了表示否定或半否定的词时,如neither、 none、 nobody、 nothing、 few、 little、 never、 hardly、 seldom等,附加疑问部分用肯定形式。如上述句 。
(4)肯定的祈使句的附加疑问部分用will/won't you,如上述句 ;否定的祈使句的附加疑问部分用will you,如上述句 。
(5)当主句主语是第一人称,并且谓语部分为think、 believe、 imagine、 suppose等且后有从句时,附加疑问部分一般与从句的谓语一致,如上述句 。
(6)回答附加疑问句时,事实是肯定的,回答用“Yes+肯定的简略句”;事实是否定的,回答用“No+否定的简略句”,形式要一致,如上述句 。
答案 (1)1;6 (2)2 (3)3 (4)4;7 (5)5 (6)6
探究点1 基本用法与结构
陈述部分与疑问部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致,而且肯定和否定形式彼此相反:陈述部分为肯定式时,疑问部分用否定式;陈述部分为否定式时,疑问部分用肯定式。
He likes English, doesn't he 他喜欢英语,不是吗
He doesn't like English, does he 他不喜欢英语,是吗
名师点拨
附加疑问句的回答:答语要和实际情况相符合,遵循“实事求是”的原则。肯定的答案用“Yes+肯定结构”,否定的答案用“No+否定结构”。
—You aren't a teacher, are you 你不是老师,是吗
—Yes, I am. /No, I'm not. 不,我是。/是的,我不是。
探究点2 特殊用法与结构
1.若陈述部分含有hardly、never、few、nothing、little、nobody、seldom等否定词或半否定词,其疑问部分要用肯定式。
He has few friends here, does he 他在这儿几乎没朋友,是吗
She said nothing, did she 她什么也没说,是吗
2.若陈述部分含有带否定前缀的词,疑问部分仍用否定式。
It is unfair, isn't it 这不公平,不是吗
3.当陈述部分为there be句型时,疑问部分仍用there作“主语”。
There was nothing in the room, was there 房间里什么也没有,是吗
4.当陈述部分的主语是 something、anything、nothing、everything等复合不定代词时,其附加疑问句的主语要用it。
Everything is ready, isn't it 一切都准备好了,不是吗
5.当陈述部分是I think/suppose/believe that... 结构时,其附加疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致;若主句的主语不是第一人称,则附加疑问句与主句的主语相一致。
I don't think he will come, will he 我认为他不会来,他会吗
He thinks that she will come, doesn't he 他认为她会来,不是吗
探究点3 含情态动词的附加疑问句
1.基本原则
在通常情况下,当陈述部分含有情态动词时,疑问部分应用与前面同样的情态动词。
He can speak English, can't he 他会说英语,不是吗
We shouldn't go, should we 我们不应该去,是吗
注意:当dare、need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do/does/did+主语。
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she 她不敢独自回家,对吗
2.特殊情况
当陈述部分含有must时,要分两种情况:
(1)若must表示“必须”或“有必要”,则疑问部分用needn't;但是若陈述部分有mustn't(表示禁止),则疑问部分用must;
(2)若must表示推测,则疑问部分不能用must,而应根据must后的动词结构采用相应的动词形式。若对已发生过去情况的推测,陈述句部分为must have done,且有过去的时间状语,则疑问部分用didn't;若没有表示过去的时间状语,则疑问部分用hasn't或haven't。
You must leave at once, needn't you 你必须/有必要马上离开,不是吗
You mustn't laugh, must you 你不准笑,知道吗
He must be tired, isn't he 他一定累了,不是吗
They must have gone there last night,didn't they 他们昨晚一定到那儿了,不是吗
探究点4 陈述部分为祈使句的附加疑问句
1.基本原则
若陈述部分为表示肯定含义的祈使句,疑问部分通常用will/won't you。若陈述部分为表示否定含义的祈使句,疑问部分通常用will you。
Please help us, will/won't you 请帮帮我们,好吗
Come with us, will/won't you 同我们一起去那儿,好吗
Don't forget to post the letter, will you 请别忘了寄信,好吗
2.特殊情况
(1)当祈使句为Let's...时,疑问部分用 shall we。
(2)当祈使句为Let us...时,表示请求,疑问部分用will you。
Let's go there together, shall we 我们一起去那儿,好吗
Let us know your address, will you 请把你的地址告诉我们,好吗
【随堂检测】
Ⅰ.运用附加疑问句的用法完成下列句子
1.Your aunt could hardly recognize you,
2.Somebody's forgotten their coats,
3.Bob said he would telephone us,
4.You are so tired. You'd better have a rest,
5.Mr Johnson must have arrived by subway just now,
6.Don't forget to close the windows when you leave the room,
7.I don't believe they can pass the driving test,
8.Let me help you with your English study,
9.There won't be any meetings this evening,
10.Pass me the newspaper,
答案 1.could she 2.haven't they 3.didn't he 4.hadn't you 5.didn't he 6.will you 7.can they
8.will you 9.will there 10.will/won't you
Ⅱ.仔细体会对话语境,完成下列附加疑问句
Tim: Hi, Susan. I've been wondering when I'd run into you. What are you busy with
Susan: Nice to meet you here, Tim. I'm buying some Christmas gifts for those who work with me, but it's really a headache, 1.
Tim: Maybe I could give you some advice. Firstly, you should consider dividing them into different groups, 2. Who are the people that are your friends as well as your workmates and who are the people you do not know well but see pretty much daily
Susan: OK, then what should I do
Tim: For the friends, you can buy them personal gifts, chocolate, for example.
Susan: This is what I always give, but I know one of my friends, Mary, is on a diet, 3.
Tim: Does she like fruit or coffee Anyway, consider the gift that you know your friend likes, will you
Susan: Well, I think fruit is helpful to keep healthy, 4. What about others
Tim: You can send them cards.
Susan: Christmas cards
Tim: Yes, you can afford them. More importantly, it reminds them that you're thinking of them, 5.
Susan: Thank you for your suggestions, Tim. You have helped me out, 6.
答案 1.isn't it 2.shouldn't you 3.isn't she
4.isn't it 5.doesn't it 6.haven't you
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