【精品解析】浙江省宁波市2023-2024学年上学期期末九校联考高一英语试题

浙江省宁波市2023-2024学年上学期期末九校联考高一英语试题
一、阅读理解
（2024高一上·宁波期末） 阅读理解
China is one of the world' s ancient civilizations and has the earliest outstanding bronze casting (青铜冶铸) technology. Here we' ve created a list of 4 museums where you can gain an in-depth understanding of Chinese bronze.
Sanxingdui MuseumAddress: Sanxingdui Ruin Site, 133 Xiangxin Road, Guanghan, Deyang, Sichuan province Hours: Comprehensive Gallery (the first exhibition hall): 8: 30-18: 00;Bronze Gallery (the second exhibition hall): 8: 30-18: 30. (no entry after 17: 00). Closed Mondays Ticket booking: 0838-5651526 General admission: Gallery ticket 80 yuan Note: Children shorter than 1. 2m (including 1. 2m ) can visit the gallery free of charge. The ticket must be used on the day it is sold.
National Museum of ChinaAddress: East side of Tian' anmen Square, Dongcheng district, Beijing Hours: 8: 30-17: 00(no entry after 16: 30) General admission: Free (passport required for entry). Closed Mondays (except for national holidays) E-mail: webmaster@
Shanghai MuseumAddress: 201 Renmin Avenue, Huangpu district, Shanghai Hours: 9: 00-17: 00(no entry after 16: 00). Closed on the morning of Chinese New Year' s Eve E-mail: webmaster@shanghai-museum. org General admission: Free(a max of 8,000 admitted daily).
Hunan MuseumAddress: 50 Dongfeng Road, Changsha, Hunan province Hours: 9: 00-17: 00(no entry after 16: 00). Closed Mondays (except for national holidays) and the eve of Chinese New Year Tel: (+86-731) 84415833,84475933 E-mail: web@ General admission: Free(passport required for entry).
For more information, click here.
1．Which museum should you choose for your family to visit next Monday
A．Shanghai Museum. B．Hunan Museum.
C．Sanxingdui Museum. D．National Museum of China.
2．What do Hunan Museum and National Museum of China in this passage have in common
A．They are free to children under 12.
B．They close on national holidays.
C．They can be reserved through e-mail.
D．They need a passport for entry.
3．Where is the text probably come from
A．A website. B．A newspaper.
C．A travel journal. D．A history book.
（2024高一上·宁波期末） 阅读理解
Learning any language is hard, but learning English can be especially challenging. Why Because native speakers use the language in ways that textbooks could never describe. In particular, words that British people use cause many language students to scratch their heads.
Here' s an example: You overhear a Briton calling someone a " wazzock" . But what exactly is a wazzock This word, in fact, means a foolish person, although there' s nothing about it that would help you guess that. There are many strange terms like this in British English — the Oxford English Dictionary would be much smaller without these odd usages filling its pages.
How can these odd words be explained Part of the answer is the British sense of humor. Britons don' t like to take things too seriously, and this is evident through many British words and phrases. For example, to " spend a penny" means to use the bathroom. It refers to the days when people had to pay a penny to use a public toilet.
In an interview for the BBC' s website, British linguist David Crystal suggested there may be historical reasons for the large number of odd words and phrases in British English. He thinks that they began in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. This was a great age for the theater, when Shakespear e and other writers worked hard to keep up with the demand for new plays. The theater' s popularity also created an incentive to invent new words. With this in mind, perhaps Shakespeare and his peers are to blame for unusual British words such as " codswallop" and " balderdash" — which both, mean " nonsense" .
While these strange words may be confusing to non-native speakers, they certainly make studying English a lot more interesting.
4．According to the text, why may non-native speakers find it more challenging to learn English
A．Dictionaries are too complicated to understand.
B．The English vocabulary is too large for them to learn.
C．A large number of strange expressions confuse them.
D．The English textbooks they use are usually out of date.
5．With the example of " the Oxford English Dictionary" in Paragraph 2, the author intends to ____.
A．stress the large number of strange terms
B．explain the origin of the strange phrases
C．show British people' s attitude towards odd phrases
D．show the usefulness of the Oxford English Dictionary
6．Which of the following words has the similar meaning to the underlined word " incentive" in Paragraph 4
A．concern B．inspiration C．application D．opinion
7．What is the tone of the author in writing the article
A．Aerious. B．Anxious. C．Indifferent. D．Humorous.
（2024高一上·宁波期末） 阅读理解
On April 18—the International Day for Monuments and Sites, China Daily' s digital employee Yuanxi and Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes' official virtual carto on figure Jiayao together introduced an interactive digital platform that hosts a virtual copy of the Mogao Grottoes' Library Cave (藏经洞) to the world.
The platform was developed jointly by the Dunhuang Academy and the Chinese tech firm Tencent. It uses gaming technologies to show the historical scenes of the Library Cave in the digital world.
The Library Cave in Mogao Grottoes was discovered in 1900, with more than 60,000 cultural relics dating from the 4th century to the 11th century unearthed. It was one of the most important archaeological discoveries in the 20th century.
On the platform, visitors can role-play and " time travel" to ancient dynasties and talk with eight historical figures. The public can enter the platform through the Digital Dunhuang website and its WeChat mini program.
In the digital age, the model of " culture+technology" has been introduced to facilitate the development of Chinese culture. The digitalization rate of China' s precious cultural relics is now over 70 percent, according to the 2022 China Digital Collection Industry Research Report released by iResearch.
Institutions such as the Palace Museum have also started online digital services of their own. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology allows the public to view the interior of the buildings through the Palace Museum' s WeChat mini program.
The Ministry of Culture and Tourism has also encouraged the development and transformation of cultural intellectual property (知识产权) by digital means. China Central Television has created a series of digital collections with different Dunhuang themes, such as the Dunhuang divine deer (神鹿) Youyou. It was created based on the image of the nine-colored deer from Dunhuang murals (壁画). The public can see the divine deer on CCTV' s own digital platform.
Digital collections cater to the consumption habits of young people, who grow up in the information age. They not only protect the intellectual property of the collections but also bring the public closer to China' s " excellent traditional culture" , noted Dunhuang Art Institute.
Su Bomin, director of the Dunhuang Academy, told Xinhua that more efforts will be made to explore new forms for showing cultural relics and offer the public greater cultural experiences to develop Dunhuang culture.
8．Which of the following statements about the virtual copy of the Mogao Grottoes' Library Cave is true
A．It was developed by the Dunhuang Academy alone.
B．The public can have access to it through Wechat mini program.
C．It has applied the latest time-traveling and gaming technology.
D．It was unearthed in 1900 with more than 60,000 cultural relics.
9．What is the purpose of the model of " culture+technology"
A．To show the latest gaming technologies.
B．To help cultural institutions make a profit.
C．To promote the development of Chinese culture.
D．To encourage people to explore Chinese cultural relics.
10．How does the author introduce the success of digital collections in Paragraph 7
A．By listing figures. B．By making comparisons.
C．By giving definitions. D．By giving examples.
11．Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage
A．China' s new way in rebuilding Mogao Grottoes' Library Cave.
B．China' s success in promoting the digitization rate of cultural relics.
C．China' s interactive digital platform in developing Dunhuang culture.
D．China' s latest advances in the development of cultural intellectual property.
（2024高一上·宁波期末） 阅读理解
Each year, the discovery of new shark species underlines how little we know about ocean biodiversity. In a recent report conducted by Sibert and Rubin, they reported an unexpected finding: a large-scale extinction of sharks in the pelagic ocean, the largest ecosystem on Earth, about 19 million years ago. Their discovery suggests that some extinctions in the open sea of the past may have been mysterious.
The study of Sibert and Rubin takes advantage of a system by using tiny, hard bits of shark skin and bony fish teeth that naturally fall from their bodies to the seafloor. These extremely small fossils provide a rich record of ancient oceanic sharks and their abundance for thousands of years. By studying fossils from many regions, the diversity patterns can give major insights into evolution (进化) of the open sea that would be otherwise unknown.
Sibert and Rubin quantified(量化)a past extinction of sharks, reporting a 90% decline in number and >70% drop in diversity. They found that nearer-shore sharks appear to survive, but migratory ones go extinct. The finding of this study is that sharks had undergone a widespread extinction that reorganized their communities from 16 million to 20 million years ago.
Sibert and Rubin narrowed the disappearance of sharks to a window of time under 100,000 years around 19 million years ago, but the causes of this event remain unclear. Because this time period does not stand out as a period of major climatic change, the authors do not attribute(归因于) environmental factors as an extinction driver. As for other causes, the loss of shark diversity is directly linked to overfishing.
The loss of sharks from the oceans has profound, complex, and unavoidable ecological consequences because their presence reflects the stability of marine ecosystems. Yet, one-quarter of the global diversity of sharks is currently threatened with extinction. Despite recent improvements in conservation actions, shark communities never recovered from a mysterious extinction event 19 million years ago; the ecological fate of what remains is now in our hands.
12．What did Sibert and Rubin find
A．The negative impact of the extinction of sharks.
B．The mysterious reasons behind the disappearance of sharks.
C．The most recent advances in the study of the largest ecosystem.
D．The large-scale decline in the number of sharks about 19 million years ago.
13．How did Sibert and Rubin conduct their study
A．By collecting and analyzing shark fossils worldwide.
B．By quantifying the movement of near-shore sharks.
C．By using a system to study the naturally fallen bits from sharks.
D．By keeping track of ancient oceanic sharks and their activities.
14．According to the passage, which of the following statement is true
A．Overfishing is partly to blame for the loss of shark diversity.
B．The number of sharks has recovered to its previous level.
C．Scientist have figured out the exact causes of sharks' extinction.
D．Sharks had undergone a widespread extinction due to the climate change.
15．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Sharks: The Stories behind Them
B．Sharks: The Marine Masters
C．Sharks: Killers or Misunderstood
D．Sharks: The Mysterious Extinction
（2024高一上·宁波期末） 任务型阅读
An earthquake happens when two plates rub together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds. 　16． 　 In other words, earthquakes are the shaking of the earth' s surface caused by the earth' s rocky outer layer. The energy stored within is suddenly released.
The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and when it is happening. If an unpopulated region is struck, there will be low loss of life or property. 　17． 　 Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now. Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage.
　18． 　 Fortunately, however, most of them are unnoticed to the public because of the small Richter scale (震级). But large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9. 2 on the Richter scale, can cause millions of dollars in damage.
　19． 　 In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the city was in such a mess that it didn' t have the money necessary to rebuild it.
The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster. 　20． 　 In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep away everything in their path.
A. Actually, there are several million small earthquakes every year.
B. It is in the fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs.
C. Throughout history, there are numerous destructive big earthquakes.
D. If it hits a large city, there may be many injuries and much destruction.
E. So it is of great importance to predict the movements of the earth plates.
F. If one plate is slowly forced under the other, pressure builds up until the plates break apart.
G. The destructive damage of an earthquake can continue for years after the first shake.
二、完形填空
（2024高一上·宁波期末） 完形填空
When I was growing up, I had an old neighbour named Dr Gibbs. He didn' t look like any doctor I' d ever known. He never 21． at us for playing in his yard. I remember him as someone who was a lot nicer than most of the adults in our community.
When Dr Gibbs wasn' t saving lives, he was planting trees. His house sat on ten acres, and his life' s goal was to make it a 22． .
The good doctor had some 23． theories concerning plant care and growth. He never watered his new trees, which flew in the face of conventional(传统的) wisdom. Once I asked why. He said that watering plants 24． them so that each following tree generation would grow 25． . So you have to make things 26． for them and weed out(淘汰) the weaker trees early on.
He talked about how watering trees made for shallow roots, and how trees that weren' t watered had to grow deep roots 27． water. I took him to mean that deep roots were to be 28． .
Dr Gibbs 29． a couple of years after I left home. Every now and again, I walked by his house and looked at the trees that I' d watched him plant some twenty-five years ago. They' re extremely tall, big since they have deep 30． now. However, the trees in my garden 31． in a cold wind although I had watered them for several years.
It seemed that adversity benefited these trees in ways 32． never could. I stood there deep 33． .
Every night before I go to bed, I check on my two sons. I stand over them and watch their little bodies, 34． of life within. I often pray for them. Mostly I pray that their lives will be easy. But I think it' s time to change my prayer because now I know my children are going to encounter 35． .
21．A． yelled B． smiled C． laughed D． glanced
22．A． desert B． reserve C． forest D． wetland
23．A． annoying B． upsetting C． demanding D． interesting
24．A． spoiled B． benefited C． impressed D． struck
25．A． shorter B． weaker C． stronger D． taller
26．A． convenient B． rough C． accessible D． easy
27．A． in memory of B． in place of
C． in search of D． in case of
28．A． wasted B． planted C． cut D． treasured
29．A． broke away B． passed away
C． gave away D． put away
30．A． roots B． branches C． trunks D． leaves
31．A． grew B． ruined C． trembled D． revived
32．A． challenge B． anxiety C． survival D． comfort
33．A． in thought B． in pain C． in peace D． in despair
34．A． the back and forth B． the ups and downs
C． the rising and falling D． the coming and going
35．A． failure B． hardship C． well-being D． Freedom
三、语法填空
（2024高一上·宁波期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Acupuncture (针灸), 　36． 　 ancient Chinese medical practice, has been the treatment for countless patients for thousands of years. Up to now, this practice 　37． 　(become) a comprehensive and profound medical system.
Acupuncture is an 　38． 　(amaze) treatment aiming to promote the body' s self-regulating functions. Its principles are in line with the ideas of traditional Chinese medicine, 　39． 　 emphasizes balance of bodily functions and overall well-being.
Practices can vary in forms, including needle insertion, cupping and scraping. Needle insertion is carried 　40． 　 by inserting hair-thin needles into specific 　41． 　(point) on the body that channel energy (the qi).
Acupuncture has been considered effective, particularly when 　42． 　(use) alongside with modern medicine. 　43． 　 its ancient Chinese origins, it is being used in 113 of WHO' s 120 member countries now, showing its widespread 　44． 　(recognize).
As an ancient Chinese medical practice, acupuncture has earned 　45． 　(it) a great reputation across the world with magical effect.
四、书信写作
46．（2024高一上·宁波期末） 假定你是李华，你的朋友Jack最近写信向你求助，信中提到了自己最近染上了网瘾，请你写信告知他网瘾的危害，并提出一些建议。内容如下：1. 说明网瘾的危害；2. 提出建议。
网瘾 network addiction
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．（2024高一上·宁波期末） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
All I did was show my little sister how to grow plants. Dig a hole. Put in a seed. Cover it with dirt. Water it. Wait. " See, Laynie," I explained, " a whole plant will grow from this tiny seed. All we have to do is water it. "
Laynie had her own watering can so she could " help" me in the garden. One day, after everything was watered, she said, " We forgot something, Brad. " She ran to the fence and started sprinkling water on another spot. I walked over and saw a fresh patch of dirt near the fence.
" Did you plant something there " I asked.
" Yes," she said. " I' m growing a pencil. "
She stopped sprinkling. " My purple pencil got too small, so I planted it, the way you said. "
" But, Laynie—"
" How long does it take to grow a new pencil "
I should have explained things right then, but I just muttered, " Uh. . . I never grew one before. "
Later I got what seemed like a great idea. I dug up Laynie' s pencil and " planted" a brand-new purple pencil. I fixed it with the erase r sticking up.
Laynie was really excited when she saw it. " My pencil grew!" she shouted. She drew pictures with it all afternoon.
A few days later, Laynie was watering the same spot. " How long does it take to grow crayons " she asked. " I can' t wait!" she squealed, giggling. . . She squatted down and whispered, " e on, grow. "
Two days later, new crayons sprouted their point y little heads, thanks to me. Laynie jumped up and down and yelled, " They look like flowers!" She " picked" them and ran into the house. Grandma thought Laynie was cute when she claimed that she had grown these things. I just kept my mouth shut! Actually, it was fun trying to think of what should grow from Laynie' s " seeds. " And it was cool to see her get excited.
One day I saw her patting down some dirt, so I knew she' d just planted something. " What is it this time " I asked.
" It' s Molly. " I gasped. Molly was Laynie' s goldfish! " She jumped out of her bowl again," Laynie said. " Grandma said we didn' t find her in time. " Then Laynie picked up her little watering can and started sprinkling that spot. My heart dropped to my feet when she asked, " How long does it take to grow a goldfish, Brad " She knelt down to whisper " Grow, Molly. Grow!" before she skipped back to the house.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右;2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I sat down with my back to the fence and wondered what I should do then.
I hugged her tightly and suggested, " How about a funeral for Molly "
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．D
3．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了中国四大博物馆——三星堆博物馆、中国国家博物馆、上海博物馆和湖南博物馆。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。纵观全文可知，除了Shanghai Museum，其它三大博物馆都没有提及"Closed Mondays "星期一休息，可知，下周一家人去参观博物馆，应该选择上海博物馆。故选A。
2．考查细节理解。根据National Museum of China和Hunan Museum都提及到"General admission: Free (passport required for entry)."普通门票：免费（需持护照入场）。可知，湖南博物馆和中国国家博物馆共同之处在于它们需要护照才能入场。故选D。
3．考查推理判断。根据最后一句"For more information, click here. "欲了解更多信息，请点击这里。可知，这篇文章可能来一个网站。故选A。
【答案】4．C
5．A
6．B
7．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了英国英语中出现大量奇怪单词的原因。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Because native speakers use the language in ways that textbooks could never describe. In particular, words that British people use cause many language students to scratch their heads."因为母语为英语的人使用这种语言的方式是教科书无法描述的。特别是，英国人使用的单词会让许多语言专业的学生挠头；以及第二段中的"Here's an example: You overhear a Briton calling someone a ‘wazzock'. But what exactly is a wazzock This word, in fact, means a foolish person, although there's nothing about it that would help you guess that."举个例子：你无意中听到一个英国人叫某人"wazzock"。但wazzock到底是什么？事实上，这个词的意思是愚蠢的人，尽管它没有什么能帮助你猜测的。可推知，母语非英语的人之所以会觉得学习英语很难是因为许多奇怪的词对他们来说毫无意义，会让他们觉得非常的困惑。故选C。
5．考查推理判断。根据第二段"Here's an example: You overhear a Briton calling someone a ‘wazzock'. But what exactly is a wazzock This word, in fact, means a foolish person, although there's nothing about it that would help you guess that. There are many strange terms like this in British English — the Oxford English Dictionary would be much smaller without these odd usages filling its pages."举个例子：你无意中听到一个英国人叫某人"wazzock"。但wazzock到底是什么？事实上，这个词的意思是愚蠢的人，尽管它没有什么能帮助你猜测的。英国英语中有很多奇怪的术语，如果没有这些奇怪的用法，《牛津英语词典》就会小得多。可知，第二段以《牛津英语字典》为例，是为了强调英语词汇中有大量的奇怪的术语。故选A。
6．考查词义猜测。根据倒数第二段中的"This was a great age for the theater, when Shakespear e and other writers worked hard to keep up with the demand for new plays."他认为它们始于16世纪末和17世纪初。这对戏剧来说是一个伟大的时代，莎士比亚和其他作家努力满足对新剧的需求；以及"The theater's popularity "剧院的受欢迎程度；和"to invent new words"发明新词，可知，16世纪末和17世纪初对戏剧来说是一个伟大的时代，剧院也同时受到了大众的欢迎，从而激发了人们发明新词。所以划线词incentive的意思为"启发，激发"。故选B。
7．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"In particular, words that British people use cause many language students to scratch their heads."特别是，英国人使用的单词会让许多语言专业的学生挠头；第三段中的"For example, to ‘spend a penny' means to use the bathroom. It refers to the days when people had to pay a penny to use a public toilet."例如，"花一分钱"的意思是使用卫生间。它指的是人们必须花一分钱才能使用公共厕所的日子；以及全文可知，作者在文中用了诙谐的单词，举了一些有趣的例子。可推知，作者写这篇文章的语气是幽默的。故选D。
【答案】8．B
9．C
10．D
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了《中国日报》联手敦煌莫高窟官方虚拟卡通人物"伽瑶"向世人介绍了一个互动数字平台，该平台存有敦煌莫高窟藏经洞的虚拟副本，并讲述了用数字工具弘扬中国文化遗产的作用。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"The public can enter the platform through the Digital Dunhuang website and its WeChat mini program."公众可以通过数字敦煌网站及其微信小程序进入该平台。可推断，公众可以通过小程序进入该平台。故选B。
9．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"In the digital age, the model of‘culture+technology' has been introduced to facilitate the development of Chinese culture."在数字时代，"文化+科技"的模式被引入，促进了中国文化的发展。可推知，该模式的引入是为了促进中国文化的发展。故选C。
10．考查推理判断。根据第七段中的"China Central Television has created a series of digital collections with different Dunhuang themes, such as the Dunhuang divine deer (神鹿) Youyou. It was created based on the image of the nine-colored deer from Dunhuang murals(壁画). The public can see the divine deer on CCTV's own digital platform."中央电视台制作了一系列不同敦煌主题的数字合集，比如敦煌神鹿。它是根据敦煌壁画中的九色鹿形象创作的。公众可以在央视自己的数字平台上看到神鹿。该段提到了中央电视台也制作了一系列的敦煌主题数字合集，同时举出九色鹿的神鹿形象作为例子。故选D。
11．考查主旨大意。根据第一段"On April 18 — the International Day for Monuments and Sites, China Daily's digital employee Yuanxi and Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes' official virtual carto on figure Jiayao together introduced an interactive digital platform that hosts a virtual copy of the Mogao Grottoes' Library Cave(藏经洞) to the world."4月18日，国际古迹遗址日，《中国日报》数字员工袁西与敦煌莫高窟官方虚拟人物"伽瑶"共同推出了一个互动数字平台，向世界展示了莫高窟图书馆洞的虚拟副本。可推断，文章围绕敦煌文化数字平台展开，这一创作方式也拉进历史与公众的距离。故选C。
【答案】12．D
13．C
14．A
15．D
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了西伯特和鲁宾利用了一个系统研究了海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝的原因。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和标题归纳两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"In a recent report conducted by Sibert and Rubin, they reported an unexpected finding: a large-scale extinction of sharks in the pelagic ocean, the largest ecosystem on Earth, about 19 million years ago."在西伯特和鲁宾最近的一份报告中，他们报告了一个意想不到的发现：大约1900万年前，地球上最大的生态系统，中上层海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝。可知，西伯特和鲁宾发现大约1900万年前，中上层海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝。因此，西伯特和鲁宾发现了大约1900万年前鲨鱼数量的大规模下降，故选D。
13．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"The study of Sibert and Rubin takes advantage of a system by using tiny, hard bits of shark skin and bony fish teeth that naturally fall from their bodies to the seafloor. "西伯特和鲁宾的研究利用了一种利用鲨鱼皮和硬骨鱼牙齿的微小硬块的系统，这些碎片自然地从它们的身体上掉到海底。可知，西伯特和鲁宾的研究利用了利用了鲨鱼皮肤和硬骨鱼牙齿的微小、坚硬的碎片，这些碎片自然地从它们的身体上掉到海底，因此， "通过使用一种系统来研究鲨鱼自然掉落的碎片"是西伯特和鲁宾进行他们的研究的方式，故选C。
14．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"As for other causes, the loss of shark diversity is directly linked to overfishing. "至于其他原因，鲨鱼多样性的丧失与过度捕捞直接相关。可知，鲨鱼多样性的丧失与过度捕捞直接相关，故选A。
15．考查标题归纳。根据第一段中的"In a recent report conducted by Sibert and Rubin, they reported an unexpected finding: a large-scale extinction of sharks in the pelagic ocean, the largest ecosystem on Earth, about 19 million years ago. Their discovery suggests that some extinctions in the open sea of the past may have been mysterious. "在西伯特和鲁宾最近的一份报告中，他们报告了一个意想不到的发现：大约1900万年前，地球上最大的生态系统，中上层海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝。他们的发现表明，过去公海上的一些物种灭绝可能是神秘的。可知，本文主要阐述了西伯特和鲁宾利用了一个系统研究了海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝的原因。"鲨鱼:神秘的灭绝"适合作本文标题，故选D。
【答案】16．F；17．D；18．A；19．G；20．B
【知识点】说明文；七选五；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地震形成的原因、影响等。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科普类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"An earthquake happens when two plates rub together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds."当两个板块相互摩擦时，就会发生地震。地球板块以不同的方向和速度运动。可知，本空要说跟"运动导致地震"有关的话题，F. If one plate is slowly forced under the other, pressure builds up until the plates break apart."如果一个板块被慢慢压在另一个板块下面，压力就会积聚起来，直到板块破裂。"承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
17．根据空后"Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now. Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage. "许多面临风险的地区现在人口众多。今天袭击这些地区的大地震可能会造成可怕的破坏。可知，本空要说跟"大地震袭击人口众多地区"有关的话题，D. If it hits a large city, there may be many injuries and much destruction."如果它袭击一个大城市，可能会有很多人受伤和造成很大破坏。"引起下文，也能与上文"If an unpopulated region is struck, there will be low loss of life or property."如果一个无人居住的地区被袭击，生命或财产损失将很低，形成对比。故选D。
18．根据空后"Fortunately, however, most of them are unnoticed to the public because of the small Richter scale (震级). But large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 on the Richter scale, can cause millions of dollars in damage. "然而，幸运的是，由于里氏震级较小，大多数地震都没有引起公众的注意。但是像1964年阿拉斯加9.2级地震这样的大地震会造成数百万美元的损失。可知，本空要说跟"小地震"有关的话题， A. Actually, there are several million small earthquakes every year. "事实上，每年都有几百万次小地震。"引起下文，符合语境，故选A。
19．根据空后"In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the city was in such a mess that it didn't have the money necessary to rebuild it. "1972年，尼加拉瓜的马那瓜发生了一系列强烈地震。15年后，这座城市仍然是地震发生后一周的样子，因为这座城市一团糟，没有必要的资金来重建它。可知，本空要说跟"地震后持续数年的影响"有关的话题，G. The destructive damage of an earthquake can continue for years after the first shake."地震的毁灭性破坏可能在第一次地震后持续数年。"引起下文，符合语境。故选G。
20．根据空后"In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep away everything in their path. "在1906年的地震中，造成最大损失的是地震后引发的大火。地震还可以摧毁城市或山谷上方的大坝，引发洪水，席卷所到之处的一切。可知，本空要说跟"地震引发的火灾和洪水的破坏"有关的话题，B. It is in the fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs."火灾和洪水往往造成最大的破坏。"引起下文，符合语境，故选B。
【答案】21．A；22．C；23．D；24．A；25．B；26．B；27．C；28．D；29．B；30．A；31．C；32．D；33．A；34．C；35．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了作者通过邻居医生Gibbs种树的理论联想到应让孩子在成长的过程中遇到困境，才会像缺水的树木一样，深深扎根。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：他从不因为我们在他的院子里玩而对我们大喊大叫。A. yelled"喊叫"；B. smiled"微笑"；C. laughed"大笑"；D. glanced"瞥见"。根据下文"I remember him as someone who was a lot nicer than most of the adults in our community."可知，作者记得Gibbs医生很友好，所以不会因为在他的院子里玩就大喊大叫。故选A。
22．句意：他的房子占地10英亩，他的人生目标是把它变成一片森林。A. desert"沙漠"；B. reserve "保护区"；C. forest"森林"；D. wetland"湿地"。根据上文"When Dr Gibbs wasn't saving lives, he was planting trees."可知，Gibbs医生喜欢种树，所以有很多树的地方是森林。故选C。
23．句意：这位好医生有一些关于植物护理和生长的有趣理论。A. annoying"令人恼火的"；B. upsetting"令人苦恼的"；C. demanding"高要求的"；D. interesting"有趣的"。根据下文"He never watered his new trees, which flew in the face of conventional(传统的) wisdom."可知，Gibbs医生关于种树的理论是有趣的。故选D。
24．句意：他说，浇水破坏了植物，使每一代树木都变得越来越弱。A. spoiled"破坏，糟蹋"；B. benefited"受益"；C. impressed"给……留下印象"；D. struck"陷住"。根据下文"weed out(淘汰) the weaker trees early on"可知，Gibbs医生认为给树浇水会破坏这些植物。故选A。
25．句意：他说，浇水破坏了植物，使每一代树木都变得越来越弱。A. shorter"更短的"；B. weaker "更弱小的"；C. stronger"更强壮的"；D. taller"更高的"。根据空后"so that each following tree generation would grow"可知，浇太多水会让树木习惯了湿润的环境，那么每一代树木都会更弱小。故选B。
26．句意：所以你必须让他们的生活变得艰难，并在早期淘汰较弱的树木。A. convenient"便利的"；B. rough"艰难的"；C. accessible"可到达的"；D. easy"容易的，轻松的"。根据下文"So you have to make things 6 for them and weed out(淘汰) the weaker trees early on."可知，不应该给树木太舒适的生活，即，让它们生活变得艰难。故选B。
27．句意：他谈到浇过水的树的根长得很浅，而没有浇过水的树根必须长得很深才能找到水。A. in memory of"为了纪念"；B. in place of"代替"；C. in search of"寻找"；D. in case of"以防"。根据空前"how watering trees made for shallow roots"可知，没有浇水的树需要扎根很深寻找水源。故选C。
28．句意：我认为他的意思是深根是值得珍惜的。A. wasted"浪费"；B. planted"种植"；C. cut"切割"；D. treasured"珍惜"。根据上文讲到医生不喜欢给树浇水可知，作者认为医生认为深根是值得珍惜的。故选D。
29．句意：吉布斯医生在我离开家几年后去世了。A. broke away"脱离"；B. passed away"去世"；C. gave away"送出"；D. put away"收拾"。根据下文"Every now and again, I walked by his house and looked at the trees that I'd watched him plant some twenty-five years ago."可知，此处Gibbs已经去世了。故选B。
30．句意：它们非常高，很大，因为它们现在已经深深地扎根了。A. roots"根"；B. branches"枝条"；C. trunks"树干"；D. leaves"树叶"。根据上文"grow deep roots"可知，这些树很高很大，因为深深地扎根了。故选A。
31．句意：然而，我花园里的树在寒风中颤抖，尽管我已经浇了好几年的水。A. grew"生长"；B. ruined"毁坏"；C. trembled"颤抖"；D. revived"复苏，复活"。根据空后"although I had watered them for several years"可知，尽管作者给自己的树浇水，但是这些树木却在寒风中颤抖。故选C。
32．句意：逆境给这些树木带来的好处，似乎是舒适永远无法带来的。A. challenge"挑战"；B. anxiety "焦虑"；C. survival"幸存"；D. comfort"舒适"。根据空前"adversity benefited these trees in ways"可知，逆境给树木带来好处，与逆境相对的是舒适。故选D。
33．句意：我站在那里陷入沉思。A. in thought"陷入思考"；B. in pain"疼痛地"；C. in peace"和平地"；D. in despair"绝望地"。根据空前"I stood there deep"可知，作者陷入沉思，故选A。
34．句意：我站在他们身旁，看着他们幼小的身体，看着他们体内生命的起起落落。A. the back and forth"前前后后"；B. the ups and downs"跌宕起伏"；C. the rising and falling"起起落落"；D. the coming and going"来来走走"。根据语境可知，作者看着自己的儿子，看着生命的起起落落。故选C。
35．句意：但我认为是时候改变我的祈祷了，因为现在我知道我的孩子们将会遇到困难。A. failure"失败"；B. hardship"困难"；C. well-being"幸福"；D. freedom"自由"。根据空前"Mostly I pray that their lives will be easy. But I think it's time to change my prayer because now I know my children are going to encounter"可知，作者由逆境中的树木想到了自己的儿子，知道他们也会遇到困难，所以不应该祈祷他们生活会容易。故选B。
【答案】36．an；37．has become；38．amazing；39．which；40．out；41．points；42．used；43．Despite；44．recognition；45．itself
【知识点】说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了针灸的治疗方法以及它在现代医学中的地位。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词，时态，形容词，定语从句，副词，名词，非谓语动词，省略，借介词，代词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：针灸，一种古老的中国医学的惯常做法，数千年来一直是无数患者的治疗方法。 ancient Chinese medical practice为同位语，对"Acupuncture"进行补充说明，此处指"针灸，一种中医的惯常做法"，所以空处应用不定冠词表示泛指。空后为元音音素开始的单词，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
37．句意：到目前为止，这一做法已经成为一个全面而深刻的医疗体系。此处是谓语动词。根据Up to now可知，本句话为现在完成时态，主语为this practice。故填has become。
38．句意：针灸是一种神奇的治疗方法，旨在促进身体的自我调节功能。空处需要形容词作定语修饰后面的名词。amazing意为"令人惊讶的"。该词为ing形式的形容词，主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征。故选amazing。
39．句意：它的原理符合传统中医的思想，即强调身体功能的平衡和整体健康。 emphasizes balance of bodily functions and overall well-being 是非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the ideas。先行词指物，在定语从句中主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
40．句意：针刺是通过将头发细的针插入身体上的特定的穴位来引导能量(气)。carry out固定短语，"实施，执行"。故填out。
41．句意：针刺是通过将头发细的针插入身体上的特定的穴位来引导能量(气)。point为可数名词"点，地点，重点"，此处指身体的"穴位"，为可数名词。空处需要该名词的复数形式表示泛指。故填points。
42．句意：针灸被认为是有效的，尤其是当与现代医学结合使用时。当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语以及be动词。本句话原句为"Acupuncture has been considered effective, particularly when it is used alongside with modern medicine."，所以状语从句中可以省略主语it和be动词，剩下过去分词作状语。故填used。
43．句意：尽管它起源于古老的中国，但目前世界卫生组织120个成员国中的113个国家都在使用它，这表明它得到了广泛的认可。根据语境可知，尽管针灸起源于古老的中国，但是它却在世界上得到了广泛的认可。空处需要介词despite"尽管"，后面接名词或代词等。故填Despite。
44．句意：尽管它起源于古老的中国，但目前世界卫生组织120个成员国中的113个国家都在使用它，这表明它得到了广泛的认可。根据空前的its widespread可知，空处需要名词作show的宾语。recognize为动词，其名词形式为recognition"认可"。故填recognition。
45．句意：针灸作为中国古老的医学惯常做法，以其神奇的疗效享誉世界。空处需要反身代词作宾语，指代主语acupuncture 本身。故填itself。
46．【答案】One possible version:
Dear Jack,
I' m sorry to hear that you are addicted to the Internet. Not only does it ruin your health but it also affects your academic performance.
Here are my suggestions. Firstly, it is highly recommended to do some sports, which equips you with a strong body and iron will. Secondly, expanding your social network is worth trying. Socialize with like-minded friends and join in their activities regularly. As long as you feel life is full of fun and wonder, you will resist the temptation of network.
I do hope you will find my suggestions of some use. Best regards.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封信， 提出一些建议 。写作背景： 你的朋友Jack最近写信向你求助，信中提到了自己最近染上了网瘾，请你写信告知他网瘾的危害，并提出一些建议。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 说明网瘾的危害；2. 提出建议。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I' m sorry to hear that you are addicted to the Internet.运用了不定式作原因状语，宾语从句； Not only does it ruin your health but it also affects your academic performance. 运用了并列句，倒装句；Here are my suggestions. 运用了倒装句；Firstly, it is highly recommended to do some sports, which equips you with a strong body and iron will. 运用了被动语态，非限制性定语从句；Socialize with like-minded friends and join in their activities regularly. 运用了祈使句； As long as you feel life is full of fun and wonder, you will resist the temptation of network. 运用了条件状语从句；I do hope you will find my suggestions of some use. Best regards. 运用了强调，宾语从句。
47．【答案】范文
I sat down with my back to the fence and wondered what I should do then. Maybe, I could put a live fish on the spot just before Laynie came along. Or I could sneak a new fish into Molly' s bowl and just say that it grew. I sighed. I knew there was only one right thing to do. When I laid the short pencil, and crayons on the table, Laynie looked confused. Then I explained the whole story to her. " No!" she screamed, red-faced. With a big shove, she knocked everything off the table. But the worst part hadn' t come yet. " Laynie," I said softly. " Molly isn' t going to grow either. " All of a sudden, she burst into tears.
I hugged her tightly and suggested, " How about a funeral for Molly" . Laynie buried Molly and planted some " forget-me-not" seeds on the grave. She watered them every morning. One day I saw Laynie carrying her watering can to the corner of the yard. " I' m growing ‘basketballs' for you," she announced, sprinkling a new patch of dirt. When she was gone, I dug up the spot with my bare hands. The " basketball seeds" were small and light, and they smelled like. . . oranges! When I finally stopped laughing, I replanted them. Then I headed for the house to explain gardening to Laynie one. . . more. . . time.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者让女儿帮自己种东西，天真的女儿以为什么东西都可以种，所以她种了铅笔、蜡笔、茶匙等等，作者为了维护女儿的天真，一直悄悄地让女儿种的东西"长"出来。直到女儿把金鱼埋到土里作者才解释了真相。女儿听到了真相后一时无法接受，但在作者的耐心解释下她终于理解了种植的含义。女儿亲手种下了勿忘我，希望金鱼不要忘了她，而作者也相信这次女儿种的东西一定会有真正的收获。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"我背靠着篱笆坐了下来，心里想着该怎么办"可知，第一段可描写作者知道不能再骗女儿了，于是向女儿解释了自己一直以来的做法，女儿听到后无法接受，跑掉了，而作者内心也非常愧疚。②由第二段首句内容"我紧紧地抱着她，提议：‘给莫莉办个葬礼怎么样？'"可知，第二段可描写作者对女儿解释种植的真正意义，女儿也理解了只有种子才能生长出真正的东西，于是种了勿忘我。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Maybe, I could put a live fish on the spot just before Laynie came along. 运用了时间状语从句；Or I could sneak a new fish into Molly' s bowl and just say that it grew.运用了并列句，宾语从句； I knew there was only one right thing to do. 运用了宾语从句； When I laid the short pencil, and crayons on the table, Laynie looked confused.运用了时间状语从句；When she was gone, I dug up the spot with my bare hands.运用了时间状语从句； The " basketball seeds" were small and light, and they smelled like. . . oranges! 运用了并列句；When I finally stopped laughing, I replanted them. 运用了时间状语从句。
1 / 1浙江省宁波市2023-2024学年上学期期末九校联考高一英语试题
一、阅读理解
（2024高一上·宁波期末） 阅读理解
China is one of the world' s ancient civilizations and has the earliest outstanding bronze casting (青铜冶铸) technology. Here we' ve created a list of 4 museums where you can gain an in-depth understanding of Chinese bronze.
Sanxingdui MuseumAddress: Sanxingdui Ruin Site, 133 Xiangxin Road, Guanghan, Deyang, Sichuan province Hours: Comprehensive Gallery (the first exhibition hall): 8: 30-18: 00;Bronze Gallery (the second exhibition hall): 8: 30-18: 30. (no entry after 17: 00). Closed Mondays Ticket booking: 0838-5651526 General admission: Gallery ticket 80 yuan Note: Children shorter than 1. 2m (including 1. 2m ) can visit the gallery free of charge. The ticket must be used on the day it is sold.
National Museum of ChinaAddress: East side of Tian' anmen Square, Dongcheng district, Beijing Hours: 8: 30-17: 00(no entry after 16: 30) General admission: Free (passport required for entry). Closed Mondays (except for national holidays) E-mail: webmaster@
Shanghai MuseumAddress: 201 Renmin Avenue, Huangpu district, Shanghai Hours: 9: 00-17: 00(no entry after 16: 00). Closed on the morning of Chinese New Year' s Eve E-mail: webmaster@shanghai-museum. org General admission: Free(a max of 8,000 admitted daily).
Hunan MuseumAddress: 50 Dongfeng Road, Changsha, Hunan province Hours: 9: 00-17: 00(no entry after 16: 00). Closed Mondays (except for national holidays) and the eve of Chinese New Year Tel: (+86-731) 84415833,84475933 E-mail: web@ General admission: Free(passport required for entry).
For more information, click here.
1．Which museum should you choose for your family to visit next Monday
A．Shanghai Museum. B．Hunan Museum.
C．Sanxingdui Museum. D．National Museum of China.
2．What do Hunan Museum and National Museum of China in this passage have in common
A．They are free to children under 12.
B．They close on national holidays.
C．They can be reserved through e-mail.
D．They need a passport for entry.
3．Where is the text probably come from
A．A website. B．A newspaper.
C．A travel journal. D．A history book.
【答案】1．A
2．D
3．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了中国四大博物馆——三星堆博物馆、中国国家博物馆、上海博物馆和湖南博物馆。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。纵观全文可知，除了Shanghai Museum，其它三大博物馆都没有提及"Closed Mondays "星期一休息，可知，下周一家人去参观博物馆，应该选择上海博物馆。故选A。
2．考查细节理解。根据National Museum of China和Hunan Museum都提及到"General admission: Free (passport required for entry)."普通门票：免费（需持护照入场）。可知，湖南博物馆和中国国家博物馆共同之处在于它们需要护照才能入场。故选D。
3．考查推理判断。根据最后一句"For more information, click here. "欲了解更多信息，请点击这里。可知，这篇文章可能来一个网站。故选A。
（2024高一上·宁波期末） 阅读理解
Learning any language is hard, but learning English can be especially challenging. Why Because native speakers use the language in ways that textbooks could never describe. In particular, words that British people use cause many language students to scratch their heads.
Here' s an example: You overhear a Briton calling someone a " wazzock" . But what exactly is a wazzock This word, in fact, means a foolish person, although there' s nothing about it that would help you guess that. There are many strange terms like this in British English — the Oxford English Dictionary would be much smaller without these odd usages filling its pages.
How can these odd words be explained Part of the answer is the British sense of humor. Britons don' t like to take things too seriously, and this is evident through many British words and phrases. For example, to " spend a penny" means to use the bathroom. It refers to the days when people had to pay a penny to use a public toilet.
In an interview for the BBC' s website, British linguist David Crystal suggested there may be historical reasons for the large number of odd words and phrases in British English. He thinks that they began in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. This was a great age for the theater, when Shakespear e and other writers worked hard to keep up with the demand for new plays. The theater' s popularity also created an incentive to invent new words. With this in mind, perhaps Shakespeare and his peers are to blame for unusual British words such as " codswallop" and " balderdash" — which both, mean " nonsense" .
While these strange words may be confusing to non-native speakers, they certainly make studying English a lot more interesting.
4．According to the text, why may non-native speakers find it more challenging to learn English
A．Dictionaries are too complicated to understand.
B．The English vocabulary is too large for them to learn.
C．A large number of strange expressions confuse them.
D．The English textbooks they use are usually out of date.
5．With the example of " the Oxford English Dictionary" in Paragraph 2, the author intends to ____.
A．stress the large number of strange terms
B．explain the origin of the strange phrases
C．show British people' s attitude towards odd phrases
D．show the usefulness of the Oxford English Dictionary
6．Which of the following words has the similar meaning to the underlined word " incentive" in Paragraph 4
A．concern B．inspiration C．application D．opinion
7．What is the tone of the author in writing the article
A．Aerious. B．Anxious. C．Indifferent. D．Humorous.
【答案】4．C
5．A
6．B
7．D
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；说明文；社会文化类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了英国英语中出现大量奇怪单词的原因。
【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Because native speakers use the language in ways that textbooks could never describe. In particular, words that British people use cause many language students to scratch their heads."因为母语为英语的人使用这种语言的方式是教科书无法描述的。特别是，英国人使用的单词会让许多语言专业的学生挠头；以及第二段中的"Here's an example: You overhear a Briton calling someone a ‘wazzock'. But what exactly is a wazzock This word, in fact, means a foolish person, although there's nothing about it that would help you guess that."举个例子：你无意中听到一个英国人叫某人"wazzock"。但wazzock到底是什么？事实上，这个词的意思是愚蠢的人，尽管它没有什么能帮助你猜测的。可推知，母语非英语的人之所以会觉得学习英语很难是因为许多奇怪的词对他们来说毫无意义，会让他们觉得非常的困惑。故选C。
5．考查推理判断。根据第二段"Here's an example: You overhear a Briton calling someone a ‘wazzock'. But what exactly is a wazzock This word, in fact, means a foolish person, although there's nothing about it that would help you guess that. There are many strange terms like this in British English — the Oxford English Dictionary would be much smaller without these odd usages filling its pages."举个例子：你无意中听到一个英国人叫某人"wazzock"。但wazzock到底是什么？事实上，这个词的意思是愚蠢的人，尽管它没有什么能帮助你猜测的。英国英语中有很多奇怪的术语，如果没有这些奇怪的用法，《牛津英语词典》就会小得多。可知，第二段以《牛津英语字典》为例，是为了强调英语词汇中有大量的奇怪的术语。故选A。
6．考查词义猜测。根据倒数第二段中的"This was a great age for the theater, when Shakespear e and other writers worked hard to keep up with the demand for new plays."他认为它们始于16世纪末和17世纪初。这对戏剧来说是一个伟大的时代，莎士比亚和其他作家努力满足对新剧的需求；以及"The theater's popularity "剧院的受欢迎程度；和"to invent new words"发明新词，可知，16世纪末和17世纪初对戏剧来说是一个伟大的时代，剧院也同时受到了大众的欢迎，从而激发了人们发明新词。所以划线词incentive的意思为"启发，激发"。故选B。
7．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"In particular, words that British people use cause many language students to scratch their heads."特别是，英国人使用的单词会让许多语言专业的学生挠头；第三段中的"For example, to ‘spend a penny' means to use the bathroom. It refers to the days when people had to pay a penny to use a public toilet."例如，"花一分钱"的意思是使用卫生间。它指的是人们必须花一分钱才能使用公共厕所的日子；以及全文可知，作者在文中用了诙谐的单词，举了一些有趣的例子。可推知，作者写这篇文章的语气是幽默的。故选D。
（2024高一上·宁波期末） 阅读理解
On April 18—the International Day for Monuments and Sites, China Daily' s digital employee Yuanxi and Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes' official virtual carto on figure Jiayao together introduced an interactive digital platform that hosts a virtual copy of the Mogao Grottoes' Library Cave (藏经洞) to the world.
The platform was developed jointly by the Dunhuang Academy and the Chinese tech firm Tencent. It uses gaming technologies to show the historical scenes of the Library Cave in the digital world.
The Library Cave in Mogao Grottoes was discovered in 1900, with more than 60,000 cultural relics dating from the 4th century to the 11th century unearthed. It was one of the most important archaeological discoveries in the 20th century.
On the platform, visitors can role-play and " time travel" to ancient dynasties and talk with eight historical figures. The public can enter the platform through the Digital Dunhuang website and its WeChat mini program.
In the digital age, the model of " culture+technology" has been introduced to facilitate the development of Chinese culture. The digitalization rate of China' s precious cultural relics is now over 70 percent, according to the 2022 China Digital Collection Industry Research Report released by iResearch.
Institutions such as the Palace Museum have also started online digital services of their own. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology allows the public to view the interior of the buildings through the Palace Museum' s WeChat mini program.
The Ministry of Culture and Tourism has also encouraged the development and transformation of cultural intellectual property (知识产权) by digital means. China Central Television has created a series of digital collections with different Dunhuang themes, such as the Dunhuang divine deer (神鹿) Youyou. It was created based on the image of the nine-colored deer from Dunhuang murals (壁画). The public can see the divine deer on CCTV' s own digital platform.
Digital collections cater to the consumption habits of young people, who grow up in the information age. They not only protect the intellectual property of the collections but also bring the public closer to China' s " excellent traditional culture" , noted Dunhuang Art Institute.
Su Bomin, director of the Dunhuang Academy, told Xinhua that more efforts will be made to explore new forms for showing cultural relics and offer the public greater cultural experiences to develop Dunhuang culture.
8．Which of the following statements about the virtual copy of the Mogao Grottoes' Library Cave is true
A．It was developed by the Dunhuang Academy alone.
B．The public can have access to it through Wechat mini program.
C．It has applied the latest time-traveling and gaming technology.
D．It was unearthed in 1900 with more than 60,000 cultural relics.
9．What is the purpose of the model of " culture+technology"
A．To show the latest gaming technologies.
B．To help cultural institutions make a profit.
C．To promote the development of Chinese culture.
D．To encourage people to explore Chinese cultural relics.
10．How does the author introduce the success of digital collections in Paragraph 7
A．By listing figures. B．By making comparisons.
C．By giving definitions. D．By giving examples.
11．Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage
A．China' s new way in rebuilding Mogao Grottoes' Library Cave.
B．China' s success in promoting the digitization rate of cultural relics.
C．China' s interactive digital platform in developing Dunhuang culture.
D．China' s latest advances in the development of cultural intellectual property.
【答案】8．B
9．C
10．D
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；新闻报道类；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了《中国日报》联手敦煌莫高窟官方虚拟卡通人物"伽瑶"向世人介绍了一个互动数字平台，该平台存有敦煌莫高窟藏经洞的虚拟副本，并讲述了用数字工具弘扬中国文化遗产的作用。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"The public can enter the platform through the Digital Dunhuang website and its WeChat mini program."公众可以通过数字敦煌网站及其微信小程序进入该平台。可推断，公众可以通过小程序进入该平台。故选B。
9．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的"In the digital age, the model of‘culture+technology' has been introduced to facilitate the development of Chinese culture."在数字时代，"文化+科技"的模式被引入，促进了中国文化的发展。可推知，该模式的引入是为了促进中国文化的发展。故选C。
10．考查推理判断。根据第七段中的"China Central Television has created a series of digital collections with different Dunhuang themes, such as the Dunhuang divine deer (神鹿) Youyou. It was created based on the image of the nine-colored deer from Dunhuang murals(壁画). The public can see the divine deer on CCTV's own digital platform."中央电视台制作了一系列不同敦煌主题的数字合集，比如敦煌神鹿。它是根据敦煌壁画中的九色鹿形象创作的。公众可以在央视自己的数字平台上看到神鹿。该段提到了中央电视台也制作了一系列的敦煌主题数字合集，同时举出九色鹿的神鹿形象作为例子。故选D。
11．考查主旨大意。根据第一段"On April 18 — the International Day for Monuments and Sites, China Daily's digital employee Yuanxi and Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes' official virtual carto on figure Jiayao together introduced an interactive digital platform that hosts a virtual copy of the Mogao Grottoes' Library Cave(藏经洞) to the world."4月18日，国际古迹遗址日，《中国日报》数字员工袁西与敦煌莫高窟官方虚拟人物"伽瑶"共同推出了一个互动数字平台，向世界展示了莫高窟图书馆洞的虚拟副本。可推断，文章围绕敦煌文化数字平台展开，这一创作方式也拉进历史与公众的距离。故选C。
（2024高一上·宁波期末） 阅读理解
Each year, the discovery of new shark species underlines how little we know about ocean biodiversity. In a recent report conducted by Sibert and Rubin, they reported an unexpected finding: a large-scale extinction of sharks in the pelagic ocean, the largest ecosystem on Earth, about 19 million years ago. Their discovery suggests that some extinctions in the open sea of the past may have been mysterious.
The study of Sibert and Rubin takes advantage of a system by using tiny, hard bits of shark skin and bony fish teeth that naturally fall from their bodies to the seafloor. These extremely small fossils provide a rich record of ancient oceanic sharks and their abundance for thousands of years. By studying fossils from many regions, the diversity patterns can give major insights into evolution (进化) of the open sea that would be otherwise unknown.
Sibert and Rubin quantified(量化)a past extinction of sharks, reporting a 90% decline in number and >70% drop in diversity. They found that nearer-shore sharks appear to survive, but migratory ones go extinct. The finding of this study is that sharks had undergone a widespread extinction that reorganized their communities from 16 million to 20 million years ago.
Sibert and Rubin narrowed the disappearance of sharks to a window of time under 100,000 years around 19 million years ago, but the causes of this event remain unclear. Because this time period does not stand out as a period of major climatic change, the authors do not attribute(归因于) environmental factors as an extinction driver. As for other causes, the loss of shark diversity is directly linked to overfishing.
The loss of sharks from the oceans has profound, complex, and unavoidable ecological consequences because their presence reflects the stability of marine ecosystems. Yet, one-quarter of the global diversity of sharks is currently threatened with extinction. Despite recent improvements in conservation actions, shark communities never recovered from a mysterious extinction event 19 million years ago; the ecological fate of what remains is now in our hands.
12．What did Sibert and Rubin find
A．The negative impact of the extinction of sharks.
B．The mysterious reasons behind the disappearance of sharks.
C．The most recent advances in the study of the largest ecosystem.
D．The large-scale decline in the number of sharks about 19 million years ago.
13．How did Sibert and Rubin conduct their study
A．By collecting and analyzing shark fossils worldwide.
B．By quantifying the movement of near-shore sharks.
C．By using a system to study the naturally fallen bits from sharks.
D．By keeping track of ancient oceanic sharks and their activities.
14．According to the passage, which of the following statement is true
A．Overfishing is partly to blame for the loss of shark diversity.
B．The number of sharks has recovered to its previous level.
C．Scientist have figured out the exact causes of sharks' extinction.
D．Sharks had undergone a widespread extinction due to the climate change.
15．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．Sharks: The Stories behind Them
B．Sharks: The Marine Masters
C．Sharks: Killers or Misunderstood
D．Sharks: The Mysterious Extinction
【答案】12．D
13．C
14．A
15．D
【知识点】细节理解题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了西伯特和鲁宾利用了一个系统研究了海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝的原因。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和标题归纳两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"In a recent report conducted by Sibert and Rubin, they reported an unexpected finding: a large-scale extinction of sharks in the pelagic ocean, the largest ecosystem on Earth, about 19 million years ago."在西伯特和鲁宾最近的一份报告中，他们报告了一个意想不到的发现：大约1900万年前，地球上最大的生态系统，中上层海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝。可知，西伯特和鲁宾发现大约1900万年前，中上层海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝。因此，西伯特和鲁宾发现了大约1900万年前鲨鱼数量的大规模下降，故选D。
13．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"The study of Sibert and Rubin takes advantage of a system by using tiny, hard bits of shark skin and bony fish teeth that naturally fall from their bodies to the seafloor. "西伯特和鲁宾的研究利用了一种利用鲨鱼皮和硬骨鱼牙齿的微小硬块的系统，这些碎片自然地从它们的身体上掉到海底。可知，西伯特和鲁宾的研究利用了利用了鲨鱼皮肤和硬骨鱼牙齿的微小、坚硬的碎片，这些碎片自然地从它们的身体上掉到海底，因此， "通过使用一种系统来研究鲨鱼自然掉落的碎片"是西伯特和鲁宾进行他们的研究的方式，故选C。
14．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"As for other causes, the loss of shark diversity is directly linked to overfishing. "至于其他原因，鲨鱼多样性的丧失与过度捕捞直接相关。可知，鲨鱼多样性的丧失与过度捕捞直接相关，故选A。
15．考查标题归纳。根据第一段中的"In a recent report conducted by Sibert and Rubin, they reported an unexpected finding: a large-scale extinction of sharks in the pelagic ocean, the largest ecosystem on Earth, about 19 million years ago. Their discovery suggests that some extinctions in the open sea of the past may have been mysterious. "在西伯特和鲁宾最近的一份报告中，他们报告了一个意想不到的发现：大约1900万年前，地球上最大的生态系统，中上层海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝。他们的发现表明，过去公海上的一些物种灭绝可能是神秘的。可知，本文主要阐述了西伯特和鲁宾利用了一个系统研究了海洋中的鲨鱼大规模灭绝的原因。"鲨鱼:神秘的灭绝"适合作本文标题，故选D。
（2024高一上·宁波期末） 任务型阅读
An earthquake happens when two plates rub together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds. 　16． 　 In other words, earthquakes are the shaking of the earth' s surface caused by the earth' s rocky outer layer. The energy stored within is suddenly released.
The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and when it is happening. If an unpopulated region is struck, there will be low loss of life or property. 　17． 　 Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now. Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage.
　18． 　 Fortunately, however, most of them are unnoticed to the public because of the small Richter scale (震级). But large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9. 2 on the Richter scale, can cause millions of dollars in damage.
　19． 　 In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the city was in such a mess that it didn' t have the money necessary to rebuild it.
The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster. 　20． 　 In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep away everything in their path.
A. Actually, there are several million small earthquakes every year.
B. It is in the fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs.
C. Throughout history, there are numerous destructive big earthquakes.
D. If it hits a large city, there may be many injuries and much destruction.
E. So it is of great importance to predict the movements of the earth plates.
F. If one plate is slowly forced under the other, pressure builds up until the plates break apart.
G. The destructive damage of an earthquake can continue for years after the first shake.
【答案】16．F；17．D；18．A；19．G；20．B
【知识点】说明文；七选五；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地震形成的原因、影响等。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科普类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"An earthquake happens when two plates rub together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds."当两个板块相互摩擦时，就会发生地震。地球板块以不同的方向和速度运动。可知，本空要说跟"运动导致地震"有关的话题，F. If one plate is slowly forced under the other, pressure builds up until the plates break apart."如果一个板块被慢慢压在另一个板块下面，压力就会积聚起来，直到板块破裂。"承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
17．根据空后"Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now. Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage. "许多面临风险的地区现在人口众多。今天袭击这些地区的大地震可能会造成可怕的破坏。可知，本空要说跟"大地震袭击人口众多地区"有关的话题，D. If it hits a large city, there may be many injuries and much destruction."如果它袭击一个大城市，可能会有很多人受伤和造成很大破坏。"引起下文，也能与上文"If an unpopulated region is struck, there will be low loss of life or property."如果一个无人居住的地区被袭击，生命或财产损失将很低，形成对比。故选D。
18．根据空后"Fortunately, however, most of them are unnoticed to the public because of the small Richter scale (震级). But large earthquakes such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 9.2 on the Richter scale, can cause millions of dollars in damage. "然而，幸运的是，由于里氏震级较小，大多数地震都没有引起公众的注意。但是像1964年阿拉斯加9.2级地震这样的大地震会造成数百万美元的损失。可知，本空要说跟"小地震"有关的话题， A. Actually, there are several million small earthquakes every year. "事实上，每年都有几百万次小地震。"引起下文，符合语境，故选A。
19．根据空后"In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the city was in such a mess that it didn't have the money necessary to rebuild it. "1972年，尼加拉瓜的马那瓜发生了一系列强烈地震。15年后，这座城市仍然是地震发生后一周的样子，因为这座城市一团糟，没有必要的资金来重建它。可知，本空要说跟"地震后持续数年的影响"有关的话题，G. The destructive damage of an earthquake can continue for years after the first shake."地震的毁灭性破坏可能在第一次地震后持续数年。"引起下文，符合语境。故选G。
20．根据空后"In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep away everything in their path. "在1906年的地震中，造成最大损失的是地震后引发的大火。地震还可以摧毁城市或山谷上方的大坝，引发洪水，席卷所到之处的一切。可知，本空要说跟"地震引发的火灾和洪水的破坏"有关的话题，B. It is in the fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs."火灾和洪水往往造成最大的破坏。"引起下文，符合语境，故选B。
二、完形填空
（2024高一上·宁波期末） 完形填空
When I was growing up, I had an old neighbour named Dr Gibbs. He didn' t look like any doctor I' d ever known. He never 21． at us for playing in his yard. I remember him as someone who was a lot nicer than most of the adults in our community.
When Dr Gibbs wasn' t saving lives, he was planting trees. His house sat on ten acres, and his life' s goal was to make it a 22． .
The good doctor had some 23． theories concerning plant care and growth. He never watered his new trees, which flew in the face of conventional(传统的) wisdom. Once I asked why. He said that watering plants 24． them so that each following tree generation would grow 25． . So you have to make things 26． for them and weed out(淘汰) the weaker trees early on.
He talked about how watering trees made for shallow roots, and how trees that weren' t watered had to grow deep roots 27． water. I took him to mean that deep roots were to be 28． .
Dr Gibbs 29． a couple of years after I left home. Every now and again, I walked by his house and looked at the trees that I' d watched him plant some twenty-five years ago. They' re extremely tall, big since they have deep 30． now. However, the trees in my garden 31． in a cold wind although I had watered them for several years.
It seemed that adversity benefited these trees in ways 32． never could. I stood there deep 33． .
Every night before I go to bed, I check on my two sons. I stand over them and watch their little bodies, 34． of life within. I often pray for them. Mostly I pray that their lives will be easy. But I think it' s time to change my prayer because now I know my children are going to encounter 35． .
21．A． yelled B． smiled C． laughed D． glanced
22．A． desert B． reserve C． forest D． wetland
23．A． annoying B． upsetting C． demanding D． interesting
24．A． spoiled B． benefited C． impressed D． struck
25．A． shorter B． weaker C． stronger D． taller
26．A． convenient B． rough C． accessible D． easy
27．A． in memory of B． in place of
C． in search of D． in case of
28．A． wasted B． planted C． cut D． treasured
29．A． broke away B． passed away
C． gave away D． put away
30．A． roots B． branches C． trunks D． leaves
31．A． grew B． ruined C． trembled D． revived
32．A． challenge B． anxiety C． survival D． comfort
33．A． in thought B． in pain C． in peace D． in despair
34．A． the back and forth B． the ups and downs
C． the rising and falling D． the coming and going
35．A． failure B． hardship C． well-being D． Freedom
【答案】21．A；22．C；23．D；24．A；25．B；26．B；27．C；28．D；29．B；30．A；31．C；32．D；33．A；34．C；35．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述了作者通过邻居医生Gibbs种树的理论联想到应让孩子在成长的过程中遇到困境，才会像缺水的树木一样，深深扎根。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：他从不因为我们在他的院子里玩而对我们大喊大叫。A. yelled"喊叫"；B. smiled"微笑"；C. laughed"大笑"；D. glanced"瞥见"。根据下文"I remember him as someone who was a lot nicer than most of the adults in our community."可知，作者记得Gibbs医生很友好，所以不会因为在他的院子里玩就大喊大叫。故选A。
22．句意：他的房子占地10英亩，他的人生目标是把它变成一片森林。A. desert"沙漠"；B. reserve "保护区"；C. forest"森林"；D. wetland"湿地"。根据上文"When Dr Gibbs wasn't saving lives, he was planting trees."可知，Gibbs医生喜欢种树，所以有很多树的地方是森林。故选C。
23．句意：这位好医生有一些关于植物护理和生长的有趣理论。A. annoying"令人恼火的"；B. upsetting"令人苦恼的"；C. demanding"高要求的"；D. interesting"有趣的"。根据下文"He never watered his new trees, which flew in the face of conventional(传统的) wisdom."可知，Gibbs医生关于种树的理论是有趣的。故选D。
24．句意：他说，浇水破坏了植物，使每一代树木都变得越来越弱。A. spoiled"破坏，糟蹋"；B. benefited"受益"；C. impressed"给……留下印象"；D. struck"陷住"。根据下文"weed out(淘汰) the weaker trees early on"可知，Gibbs医生认为给树浇水会破坏这些植物。故选A。
25．句意：他说，浇水破坏了植物，使每一代树木都变得越来越弱。A. shorter"更短的"；B. weaker "更弱小的"；C. stronger"更强壮的"；D. taller"更高的"。根据空后"so that each following tree generation would grow"可知，浇太多水会让树木习惯了湿润的环境，那么每一代树木都会更弱小。故选B。
26．句意：所以你必须让他们的生活变得艰难，并在早期淘汰较弱的树木。A. convenient"便利的"；B. rough"艰难的"；C. accessible"可到达的"；D. easy"容易的，轻松的"。根据下文"So you have to make things 6 for them and weed out(淘汰) the weaker trees early on."可知，不应该给树木太舒适的生活，即，让它们生活变得艰难。故选B。
27．句意：他谈到浇过水的树的根长得很浅，而没有浇过水的树根必须长得很深才能找到水。A. in memory of"为了纪念"；B. in place of"代替"；C. in search of"寻找"；D. in case of"以防"。根据空前"how watering trees made for shallow roots"可知，没有浇水的树需要扎根很深寻找水源。故选C。
28．句意：我认为他的意思是深根是值得珍惜的。A. wasted"浪费"；B. planted"种植"；C. cut"切割"；D. treasured"珍惜"。根据上文讲到医生不喜欢给树浇水可知，作者认为医生认为深根是值得珍惜的。故选D。
29．句意：吉布斯医生在我离开家几年后去世了。A. broke away"脱离"；B. passed away"去世"；C. gave away"送出"；D. put away"收拾"。根据下文"Every now and again, I walked by his house and looked at the trees that I'd watched him plant some twenty-five years ago."可知，此处Gibbs已经去世了。故选B。
30．句意：它们非常高，很大，因为它们现在已经深深地扎根了。A. roots"根"；B. branches"枝条"；C. trunks"树干"；D. leaves"树叶"。根据上文"grow deep roots"可知，这些树很高很大，因为深深地扎根了。故选A。
31．句意：然而，我花园里的树在寒风中颤抖，尽管我已经浇了好几年的水。A. grew"生长"；B. ruined"毁坏"；C. trembled"颤抖"；D. revived"复苏，复活"。根据空后"although I had watered them for several years"可知，尽管作者给自己的树浇水，但是这些树木却在寒风中颤抖。故选C。
32．句意：逆境给这些树木带来的好处，似乎是舒适永远无法带来的。A. challenge"挑战"；B. anxiety "焦虑"；C. survival"幸存"；D. comfort"舒适"。根据空前"adversity benefited these trees in ways"可知，逆境给树木带来好处，与逆境相对的是舒适。故选D。
33．句意：我站在那里陷入沉思。A. in thought"陷入思考"；B. in pain"疼痛地"；C. in peace"和平地"；D. in despair"绝望地"。根据空前"I stood there deep"可知，作者陷入沉思，故选A。
34．句意：我站在他们身旁，看着他们幼小的身体，看着他们体内生命的起起落落。A. the back and forth"前前后后"；B. the ups and downs"跌宕起伏"；C. the rising and falling"起起落落"；D. the coming and going"来来走走"。根据语境可知，作者看着自己的儿子，看着生命的起起落落。故选C。
35．句意：但我认为是时候改变我的祈祷了，因为现在我知道我的孩子们将会遇到困难。A. failure"失败"；B. hardship"困难"；C. well-being"幸福"；D. freedom"自由"。根据空前"Mostly I pray that their lives will be easy. But I think it's time to change my prayer because now I know my children are going to encounter"可知，作者由逆境中的树木想到了自己的儿子，知道他们也会遇到困难，所以不应该祈祷他们生活会容易。故选B。
三、语法填空
（2024高一上·宁波期末） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Acupuncture (针灸), 　36． 　 ancient Chinese medical practice, has been the treatment for countless patients for thousands of years. Up to now, this practice 　37． 　(become) a comprehensive and profound medical system.
Acupuncture is an 　38． 　(amaze) treatment aiming to promote the body' s self-regulating functions. Its principles are in line with the ideas of traditional Chinese medicine, 　39． 　 emphasizes balance of bodily functions and overall well-being.
Practices can vary in forms, including needle insertion, cupping and scraping. Needle insertion is carried 　40． 　 by inserting hair-thin needles into specific 　41． 　(point) on the body that channel energy (the qi).
Acupuncture has been considered effective, particularly when 　42． 　(use) alongside with modern medicine. 　43． 　 its ancient Chinese origins, it is being used in 113 of WHO' s 120 member countries now, showing its widespread 　44． 　(recognize).
As an ancient Chinese medical practice, acupuncture has earned 　45． 　(it) a great reputation across the world with magical effect.
【答案】36．an；37．has become；38．amazing；39．which；40．out；41．points；42．used；43．Despite；44．recognition；45．itself
【知识点】说明文；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了针灸的治疗方法以及它在现代医学中的地位。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词，时态，形容词，定语从句，副词，名词，非谓语动词，省略，借介词，代词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：针灸，一种古老的中国医学的惯常做法，数千年来一直是无数患者的治疗方法。 ancient Chinese medical practice为同位语，对"Acupuncture"进行补充说明，此处指"针灸，一种中医的惯常做法"，所以空处应用不定冠词表示泛指。空后为元音音素开始的单词，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
37．句意：到目前为止，这一做法已经成为一个全面而深刻的医疗体系。此处是谓语动词。根据Up to now可知，本句话为现在完成时态，主语为this practice。故填has become。
38．句意：针灸是一种神奇的治疗方法，旨在促进身体的自我调节功能。空处需要形容词作定语修饰后面的名词。amazing意为"令人惊讶的"。该词为ing形式的形容词，主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征。故选amazing。
39．句意：它的原理符合传统中医的思想，即强调身体功能的平衡和整体健康。 emphasizes balance of bodily functions and overall well-being 是非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the ideas。先行词指物，在定语从句中主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
40．句意：针刺是通过将头发细的针插入身体上的特定的穴位来引导能量(气)。carry out固定短语，"实施，执行"。故填out。
41．句意：针刺是通过将头发细的针插入身体上的特定的穴位来引导能量(气)。point为可数名词"点，地点，重点"，此处指身体的"穴位"，为可数名词。空处需要该名词的复数形式表示泛指。故填points。
42．句意：针灸被认为是有效的，尤其是当与现代医学结合使用时。当状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词时，可以省略从句的主语以及be动词。本句话原句为"Acupuncture has been considered effective, particularly when it is used alongside with modern medicine."，所以状语从句中可以省略主语it和be动词，剩下过去分词作状语。故填used。
43．句意：尽管它起源于古老的中国，但目前世界卫生组织120个成员国中的113个国家都在使用它，这表明它得到了广泛的认可。根据语境可知，尽管针灸起源于古老的中国，但是它却在世界上得到了广泛的认可。空处需要介词despite"尽管"，后面接名词或代词等。故填Despite。
44．句意：尽管它起源于古老的中国，但目前世界卫生组织120个成员国中的113个国家都在使用它，这表明它得到了广泛的认可。根据空前的its widespread可知，空处需要名词作show的宾语。recognize为动词，其名词形式为recognition"认可"。故填recognition。
45．句意：针灸作为中国古老的医学惯常做法，以其神奇的疗效享誉世界。空处需要反身代词作宾语，指代主语acupuncture 本身。故填itself。
四、书信写作
46．（2024高一上·宁波期末） 假定你是李华，你的朋友Jack最近写信向你求助，信中提到了自己最近染上了网瘾，请你写信告知他网瘾的危害，并提出一些建议。内容如下：1. 说明网瘾的危害；2. 提出建议。
网瘾 network addiction
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Jack,
I' m sorry to hear that you are addicted to the Internet. Not only does it ruin your health but it also affects your academic performance.
Here are my suggestions. Firstly, it is highly recommended to do some sports, which equips you with a strong body and iron will. Secondly, expanding your social network is worth trying. Socialize with like-minded friends and join in their activities regularly. As long as you feel life is full of fun and wonder, you will resist the temptation of network.
I do hope you will find my suggestions of some use. Best regards.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份写一封信， 提出一些建议 。写作背景： 你的朋友Jack最近写信向你求助，信中提到了自己最近染上了网瘾，请你写信告知他网瘾的危害，并提出一些建议。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 说明网瘾的危害；2. 提出建议。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：I' m sorry to hear that you are addicted to the Internet.运用了不定式作原因状语，宾语从句； Not only does it ruin your health but it also affects your academic performance. 运用了并列句，倒装句；Here are my suggestions. 运用了倒装句；Firstly, it is highly recommended to do some sports, which equips you with a strong body and iron will. 运用了被动语态，非限制性定语从句；Socialize with like-minded friends and join in their activities regularly. 运用了祈使句； As long as you feel life is full of fun and wonder, you will resist the temptation of network. 运用了条件状语从句；I do hope you will find my suggestions of some use. Best regards. 运用了强调，宾语从句。
五、书面表达
47．（2024高一上·宁波期末） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
All I did was show my little sister how to grow plants. Dig a hole. Put in a seed. Cover it with dirt. Water it. Wait. " See, Laynie," I explained, " a whole plant will grow from this tiny seed. All we have to do is water it. "
Laynie had her own watering can so she could " help" me in the garden. One day, after everything was watered, she said, " We forgot something, Brad. " She ran to the fence and started sprinkling water on another spot. I walked over and saw a fresh patch of dirt near the fence.
" Did you plant something there " I asked.
" Yes," she said. " I' m growing a pencil. "
She stopped sprinkling. " My purple pencil got too small, so I planted it, the way you said. "
" But, Laynie—"
" How long does it take to grow a new pencil "
I should have explained things right then, but I just muttered, " Uh. . . I never grew one before. "
Later I got what seemed like a great idea. I dug up Laynie' s pencil and " planted" a brand-new purple pencil. I fixed it with the erase r sticking up.
Laynie was really excited when she saw it. " My pencil grew!" she shouted. She drew pictures with it all afternoon.
A few days later, Laynie was watering the same spot. " How long does it take to grow crayons " she asked. " I can' t wait!" she squealed, giggling. . . She squatted down and whispered, " e on, grow. "
Two days later, new crayons sprouted their point y little heads, thanks to me. Laynie jumped up and down and yelled, " They look like flowers!" She " picked" them and ran into the house. Grandma thought Laynie was cute when she claimed that she had grown these things. I just kept my mouth shut! Actually, it was fun trying to think of what should grow from Laynie' s " seeds. " And it was cool to see her get excited.
One day I saw her patting down some dirt, so I knew she' d just planted something. " What is it this time " I asked.
" It' s Molly. " I gasped. Molly was Laynie' s goldfish! " She jumped out of her bowl again," Laynie said. " Grandma said we didn' t find her in time. " Then Laynie picked up her little watering can and started sprinkling that spot. My heart dropped to my feet when she asked, " How long does it take to grow a goldfish, Brad " She knelt down to whisper " Grow, Molly. Grow!" before she skipped back to the house.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右;2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I sat down with my back to the fence and wondered what I should do then.
I hugged her tightly and suggested, " How about a funeral for Molly "
【答案】范文
I sat down with my back to the fence and wondered what I should do then. Maybe, I could put a live fish on the spot just before Laynie came along. Or I could sneak a new fish into Molly' s bowl and just say that it grew. I sighed. I knew there was only one right thing to do. When I laid the short pencil, and crayons on the table, Laynie looked confused. Then I explained the whole story to her. " No!" she screamed, red-faced. With a big shove, she knocked everything off the table. But the worst part hadn' t come yet. " Laynie," I said softly. " Molly isn' t going to grow either. " All of a sudden, she burst into tears.
I hugged her tightly and suggested, " How about a funeral for Molly" . Laynie buried Molly and planted some " forget-me-not" seeds on the grave. She watered them every morning. One day I saw Laynie carrying her watering can to the corner of the yard. " I' m growing ‘basketballs' for you," she announced, sprinkling a new patch of dirt. When she was gone, I dug up the spot with my bare hands. The " basketball seeds" were small and light, and they smelled like. . . oranges! When I finally stopped laughing, I replanted them. Then I headed for the house to explain gardening to Laynie one. . . more. . . time.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了作者让女儿帮自己种东西，天真的女儿以为什么东西都可以种，所以她种了铅笔、蜡笔、茶匙等等，作者为了维护女儿的天真，一直悄悄地让女儿种的东西"长"出来。直到女儿把金鱼埋到土里作者才解释了真相。女儿听到了真相后一时无法接受，但在作者的耐心解释下她终于理解了种植的含义。女儿亲手种下了勿忘我，希望金鱼不要忘了她，而作者也相信这次女儿种的东西一定会有真正的收获。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"我背靠着篱笆坐了下来，心里想着该怎么办"可知，第一段可描写作者知道不能再骗女儿了，于是向女儿解释了自己一直以来的做法，女儿听到后无法接受，跑掉了，而作者内心也非常愧疚。②由第二段首句内容"我紧紧地抱着她，提议：‘给莫莉办个葬礼怎么样？'"可知，第二段可描写作者对女儿解释种植的真正意义，女儿也理解了只有种子才能生长出真正的东西，于是种了勿忘我。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Maybe, I could put a live fish on the spot just before Laynie came along. 运用了时间状语从句；Or I could sneak a new fish into Molly' s bowl and just say that it grew.运用了并列句，宾语从句； I knew there was only one right thing to do. 运用了宾语从句； When I laid the short pencil, and crayons on the table, Laynie looked confused.运用了时间状语从句；When she was gone, I dug up the spot with my bare hands.运用了时间状语从句； The " basketball seeds" were small and light, and they smelled like. . . oranges! 运用了并列句；When I finally stopped laughing, I replanted them. 运用了时间状语从句。
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