湖南省长沙市明德集团2023-2024学年八年级下学期入学考试英语试卷
一、阅读，第一节阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分）
（2024八下·长沙开学考） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The winter vacation is coming. Welcome to Harbin Ice & Snow World. Let's have a look.
Harbin Ice & Snow World
Opening time ◆10:00 a.m. – 6:00 p.m. from Monday to Friday ◆10:00 a.m. – 10:00 p.m. from Saturday to Sunday
Ticket price ◆Adults: 240 yuan/person ◆Children: above 1.2 meters 120 yuan/person under 1.2 meters free
Should not take food, pets, knives, rings
Things to remember ◆Children under 1.4 meters and old people above 60 should stay with other adults. ◆You should follow the rules in the Harbin Ice & Snow World. ◆If you have some health problems and aren't suitable for activities, you'd better not come in.
1．When can you come to Harbin Ice & Snow World on Tuesday
A．At 9 a.m. B．At 2 p.m. C．At 11 p.m.
2．If you (above 1.2 meters) want to go there with your parents, how much should you pay for the tickets
A．360 yuan. B．480 yuan. C．600 yuan.
3．What can't you take to Harbin Ice & Snow World
A．Umbrellas. B．Food. C．Mobile phones.
（2024八下·长沙开学考） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Do you know a famous comedy actress called Jia Ling She will have a new movie on the Spring Festival named YOLO (You Only Live Once).
In this movie, Jia Ling played a role called Le Ying. When she finished college, she couldn't find a good job because she was heavy and shy. Le Ying felt very sad and lonely. She stayed away from people and talked less with them. At the same time, Le Ying liked to eat candies, ice creams, and chocolate to become happy. After years, she felt bored and planned to change herself. She joined a boxing club and met a boxing teacher. With the help of the teacher, she lost a lot of weight.
Later on, Le Ying joined in a boxing competition. After walking onto the stage(舞台), she began to speak, "I know you have been looking down on me for years. Today I can make you all look up to me. Well, that's why I am here." Hearing this, everyone was surprised. Then Le Ying began to try her best in the boxing game. Finally, Le Ying made it to the end in the competition and all the people stood up, giving her a big hand.
The experiences of the girl in the movie are similar to Jia Ling's. "We are not perfect, but we can face our difficulties bravely and don't run away from them. Finally, we will find a road to success and happiness." Jia Ling said.
4．1How does the writer start the passage
A．By telling a story.
B．By asking a question.
C．By giving an example.
5．Why didn't Le Ying find a good job
A．Because she was heavy and shy.
B．Because she was very lazy.
C．Because she was sad and lonely.
6．Which of the following statements is TRUE
A．Le Ying liked to hang out with friends after she couldn't find a good job.
B．She was a little heavy when she was a middle school student.
C．Maybe Le Ying finally became a famous boxer.
7．From the passage, we can learn that ____.
A．We should make more friends with people
B．We should face our difficulties bravely and never give up
C．We should run away from our difficulties
（2024八下·长沙开学考） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
As students, you pass your schoolwork through different hands from your group leaders to the class representatives(课代表) and finally to the teachers. It might not sound too difficult, but sometimes it can go wrong and take a lot of time.
To deal with this problem, Zhang Xirui from Shenzhen Middle School in Guangdong came up with a useful tool, a smart homework collection robot. He won the first prize in the 20th Guangdong Provincial Children's Invention Awards.
The robot is the second-generation(第二代) model made by Zhang. It uses radio frequency identification (RFID, 射频识别) technology, a reader and a special tag that can share information without touching each other. Each student's notebook has a special RFID tag with their name and the subject. Students only need to place their notebooks on the robot and the machine "sees" the notebook, reads its tag and takes it out of the name list. "Teachers can check who hasn't handed in homework by connecting their phones with the robot through Wi-Fi," the 13-year-old explained to Shenzhen Satellite TV.
Now, he's planning to develop a third-generation and hopes to use ultra-high-frequency(超高频) radio technology to read lots of RFID tags from far away. That means if you stick a special tag on your notebook, the robot can read the information from a lot of notebooks at once. Zhang believes this is the key to how AI can make life easier for us.
Zhang dreams of becoming a scientist when he grows up. "I'm trying making model airplanes and other scientific and creative projects. Inventing has brought me happiness," he said.
8．What can the second-generation model of smart homework collection robot do
A．It can share information by touching each other.
B．It can read lots of RFID tags from far away.
C．It can help teachers check who hasn't handed in homework.
9．The underlined word "develop" most probably means ____.
A．研发 B．发现 C．激发
10．What is the passage mainly about
A．Zhang won the first prize in the 21th Guangdong Provincial Children's Invention Awards.
B．Zhang dreams of becoming a scientist when he grows up.
C．Zhang invented a smart homework collection robot.
11．Where can you probably find the passage
A．In a health magazine.
B．In a travel book.
C．In a science book.
二、阅读，第二节 阅读还原(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
（2024八下·长沙开学考） 阅读下面短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有一个多余选项。
Do you think it's hard to build a good habit Most people find the hardest thing for them is to keep it. So how can you keep a good habit Here are the rules.
Keep one good habit at a time.
It's easy to start a good habit, or even five of them at a time. 12． . One good habit is enough. Don't break this rule.
13． .
Whatever you think you should do, cut it in half. Then, if possible, cut it in half again.
Find a good habit you like.
Many people make a good habit they don't like, so they give it up easily. 14． , or find a way to enjoy doing the habit. Also, praise or buy some gifts for yourself for doing it.
Think twice before you give up a habit.
If you want to stop your good habit, think of the reason why you choose it before you make a decision.
Keep a good habit with others.
15． . So if you have a good habit, you can surely share it with another person.
A. Keep a good habit you love B. Give up some bad habits C. But keeping them is another story D. Make the habit as small as possible E. It is always easier for two people to keep a good habit than one person
三、语言运用，第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024八下·长沙开学考） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Friends play an important part in our lives. Do you have any really close friends I am sure you do. Everybody has a 16． friend or two. Recently, I learned a lesson about the power(力量) of 17． .
The story was about two friends, an American girl named Laura Mills and a Japanese girl called Satoe. Laura's parents were lucky to find new jobs in Japan and moved there to 18． when she was a child. After Laura met Satoe at school, they quickly became good friends. Laura often 19． Satoe from bullies(欺凌弱小者).
One year later, Laura's family moved back home. Laura and Satoe kept in 20． by writing letters to each other. 21． , after two years, Satoe's letters 22． coming. Laura wondered why there were no more letters. Then she started to look for her old friend. Many years later, she found Satoe. 23． girls were adults(成人) by then. In the end, Laura knew that Satoe didn't study at school anymore because she was bullied again. That happened after Laura 24． . Luckily, they could find each other again, even after many years apart.
As we know, not every friendship can last forever. People usually come and go. But 25． friends can find a way to stay together forever — even if they have been far apart for a long time.
16．A． beautiful B． good C． surprising
17．A． friendship B． love C． care
18．A． travel B． solve C． work
19．A． invited B． protected C． advised
20．A． touch B． reply C． reach
21．A． Although B． However C． Because
22．A． kept B． promised C． stopped
23．A． None B． Both C． All
24．A． left B． came C． stayed
25．A． different B． necessary C． true
四、语言运用，第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
（2024八下·长沙开学考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
These days, there are many ways for us 26． (relax) ourselves. Going to museums is one of 27． (they). We can learn much about history and art by visiting museums. Quite 28． few museums are in Hunan Province. Now local students share their favorite museums.
I love animals and nature. My favorite museum is Hunan Museum of Geology in Changsha. I go there 29． (happy) once a week with my parents. The museum has an exhibition(展览) on animal skeletons(骷髅), models, and samples(标本). Also, it shows the evolutionary history of different species. When I was four, I 30． (go) to this museum for the first time, and I loved the large skeletons of dinosaurs. You can touch some rocks or even stand close 31． the samples. I will visit it again 32． I have enough time this winter holiday.
— Tang Jiahe, 14
Hunan Provincial Museum is the 33． (large) museum of history and art in Hunan Province. It is one of the important 34． (place) for the research of Chinese history. This museum puts together both Hunan traditional culture and modern looks. It shows the history, craftsmanship(工艺), culture, and technology through many exhibition halls. I enjoy 35． (walk) in the museum and relaxing in the Chinese art.
— Li Hong, 14
五、读写综合，第一节 简答（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2024八下·长沙开学考） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Chips, cookies and ice cream... Many kinds of food we like are ultra-processed(超加工的). And you may want to eat them again and again, said a new study in the British Medical Journal.
What are ultra-processed foods (UPFs) You can't make them by yourself in your own house. They are usually made in factories. And they often have lots of materials you may never know. Such foods have more calories than natural foods.
The scientists studied 36 countries and found that UPF lovers may feel very bad if they stop eating the food. Why do people love UPFs Such foods can bring dopamine(多巴胺) to people's mind. This helps make them feel happier and want to eat more.
About 14 percent of adults and 12 percent of children are eating UPFs, said the study. They are not good for people's health around the world. Scientists are now calling for more care about the UPFs.
36．Where are UPFs usually made
37．Do UPFs have more calories than natural foods
38．What did the scientists find about UPF lovers
39．Why do people enjoy eating UPFs
40．According to the passage, what can we do to keep healthy
六、书面表达（满分15分）
41．（2024八下·长沙开学考） 又是一年新春至，在万家灯火、辞旧迎新的日子里，学校将举办"龙腾盛世，共庆佳节"
的春节联欢会。假如你是李华，打算邀请美国的朋友Jack来学校和你一起参加，请用英语写一封邀请函，给Jack简要介绍我国的春节，告诉他联欢会的时间和地点，活动安排和准备等。
提示:
时间：Jan. 26, Friday.
活动：1. 学生们将准备一些传统美食：鱼、饺子(dumplings)等；2. 大家一起学做美食；3. 一起玩一些游戏，看一场有趣的电影。
其他：请Jack 在下周三之前回复，并一起为派对做一些准备工作(preparations)。
要求：1. 必须包含以上所给要点，可适当发挥，但不要出现真实姓名和校名；2. 注意时态，要求字迹工整，语意连贯，条理清晰；3. 词数：80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jack,
The Spring Festival is coming soon.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B
2．C
3．B
【知识点】广告布告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文详细地说明了哈尔滨冰雪大世界的开放时间，门票和注意事项等。
【点评】考查阅读理解，注意回到原文找答案：在回答问题时，要回到原文中寻找答案，尽量选择与原文一致的选项。
1．推断题。根据表格Opening time ◆10:00 a.m. – 6:00 p.m. from Monday to Friday，可知每周一到周五的开放时间为上午10:00到下午6:00，所以周二下午2:00可以到哈尔滨冰雪大世界。故选B。
2．推断题。根据Ticket Price ◆Adults: 240 yuan/person ◆Children: above 1.2 meters 120 yuan/person可知，成人票为每人240元，1.2米以上儿童每人120元；因此1.2米以上的学生想和父母一起去哈尔滨冰雪大世界，应该支付 120+240+240=600元。故选C。
3．细节题。根据表格Should not take food, pets, knives, rings可知，去哈尔滨冰雪大世界不能带食物。故选B。
【答案】4．B
5．A
6．C
7．B
【知识点】说明文；影视作品赏析与文化价值
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了电影《热辣滚烫》的大概内容。
【点评】阅读理解，注意排除干扰选项：在选择答案时，要排除那些与原文不符或无关的干扰选项，尽量选择与原文一致的选项。
4．细节题。根据Do you know a famous comedy actress called Jia Ling可知，作者是以提问的方式开始文章的。故选B。
5．根据When she finished college, she couldn't find a good job because she was heavy and shy可知，是因为她又胖又害羞，所以没有找到一份好的工作。故选A。
6．推断题。根据Finally, Le Ying made it to the end in the competition and all the people stood up, giving her a big hand可知，最后，乐莹在比赛中坚持到了最后，所有的人都站了起来，为她鼓掌。由此可推知，乐莹最终可能成为了一名著名的拳击手。故选C。
7．细节题。根据We are not perfect, but we can face our difficulties bravely and don't run away from them. Finally, we will find a road to success and happiness可知，我们应该勇敢地面对困难，从不放弃。故选B。
【答案】8．C
9．A
10．C
11．C
【知识点】科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了来自深圳的中学生发明了一款智能机器人，它能帮助收集学生的作业。
【点评】考查阅读理解，注意分析题目类型：英语阅读理解题目有不同的类型，如主旨大意题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、细节理解题等，要根据题目类型，采用不同的解题方法。
8．细节题。根据Teachers can check who hasn't handed in homework by connecting their phones with the robot through Wi-Fi可知，第二代智能收作业机器人可以帮助老师检查谁没有交作业。故选C。
9．词义猜测题。目前是第二代智能收作业机器人，第三代智能收作业机器应该是Zhang Xirui在第二代的基础上继续研发。故develop是研发的意思，故选A。
10．主旨题。通读全文，主要讲了来自深圳的中学生发明了一种智能机器人，它能帮助收集学生的作业。故选C。
11．推断题。本文主要介绍了来自深圳的中学生发明了一款智能机器人，它能帮助收集学生的作业，并且获得了广东省第20届儿童发明奖一等奖，可知，可能在一本科学书中找到这篇文章。故选C。
【答案】12．C；13．D；14．A；15．E
【知识点】教育类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了如何保持一个好习惯的规则。
A. Keep a good habit you love.保持一个你喜欢的好习惯。
B. Give up some bad habits.改掉一些坏习惯。
C. But keeping them is another story.但保留它们是另一回事。
D. Make the habit as small as possible.使习惯尽可能小。
E. It is always easier for two people to keep a good habit than one person.两个人保持一个好习惯总是比一个人更容易。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，可以将整个文章首先浏览一遍，大概理解意思，根据逻辑关系，找到可以匹配信息的选项。
12．根据Keep one good habit at a time."和上文"It's easy to start a good habit, or even five of them at a time.可知，一次保持一个好习惯，开始一个好习惯容易，甚至一次开始5个好习惯也很容易。意思是开始好习惯和保持好习惯是两个概念。选项C"但是保持好习惯是另一个故事。"符合语境。故选C。
13．根据下文Whatever you think you should do, cut it in half. Then, if possible, cut it in half again可知，无论你觉得自己应该做什么，把它砍半；如果可以的话，再砍半。意思是把习惯尽量变小，让它更好实现。选项D"把习惯变得越小越好。"符合语境。故选D。
14．根据小标题Find a good habit you like和上文Many people make a good habit they don't like可知，我们应该找一个自己喜欢的好习惯，而不是自己不喜欢的好习惯。选项A"保持一个你爱的好习惯。"符合语境。故选A。
15．根据下文share it with another person可知，可以把好习惯分享给另一个人。选项E"两个人保持一个好习惯比一个人保持一个好习惯更容易。"符合语境。故选E。
【答案】16．B；17．A；18．C；19．B；20．A；21．B；22．C；23．B；24．A；25．C
【知识点】日常生活类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了朋友的重要性，以及真正的友谊的力量。
【点评】考查完形填空，注意瞻前顾后，寻找线索：在填空时，要注意前后文的联系，寻找线索，避免孤立地看待每个空格。可以通过寻找同义词、近义词、反义词等来确定答案。
16．句意：每个人都有一两个好朋友。beautiful漂亮的；good好的；surprising令人惊讶的。根据Do you have any really close friends可知，设空处指的是好朋友。故选B。
17．句意：最近，我学到了一个关于友谊的力量的一课。friendship友谊；love爱；care照顾。根据The story was about two friends可知，学到的是友谊的力量的一课。故选A。
18．句意：劳拉的父母很幸运地在日本找到了新工作，并在她还是个孩子的时候搬到了那里工作。travel旅行；solve解决；work工作。根据Laura's parents were lucky to find new jobs可知，是去那里工作。故选C。
19．句意：劳拉经常保护佐藤不受欺负。invited邀请；protected保护；advised建议。根据Satoe from bullies 可知，是保护佐藤不受欺负，protect…from，保护……免受。故选B。
20．句意：劳拉和佐藤通过写信保持联系。touch接触；reply回复；reach抵达。根据by writing letters to each other可知，是联系，keep in touch with，与……保持联系。故选A。
21．句意：然而，两年后，佐藤的来信停止了。Although尽管；However然而；Because因为。根据Laura wondered why there were no more letters可知，应说"然而"两年后，佐藤的来信停止了，与前文一直来信形成转折。故选B。
22．句意：然而，两年后，佐藤的来信停止了。kept保持；promised答应；stopped停止。根据Laura wondered why there were no more letters可知，来信停止了。故选C。
23．句意：那时两个女孩都已成年。None没有；Both两者都；All所有的。根据girls were adults (成人) by then可知，这里指的是劳拉和佐藤，应该说两个女孩都已经成年。故选B。
24．句意：那是劳拉离开后发生的事。left离开；came来；stayed停留。根"In the end, Laura knew that Satoe didn't study at school anymore because she was bullied again可知，是劳拉离开以后发生的事情。故选A。
25．句意：但是真正的朋友可以找到一种方法永远呆在一起——即使他们已经分开很长时间了。different不同的； necessary必要的；true真的，根据stay together forever — even if they have been far apart for a long time.，可知是真朋友，故选C。
【答案】26．to relax；27．them；28．a；29．happily；30．went；31．to；32．when / if；33．largest；34．places；35．walking
【知识点】社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了现在我们有很多放松的方式，去博物馆就是其中之一。我们可以通过参观博物馆来学习更多关于历史和艺术的知识。
【点评】考查语法填空，检查拼写和语法：在填空完成后，要检查所填单词的拼写和语法是否正确，确保句子表达清晰、准确。
26．句意：如今，我们有很多方式来放松自己。relax，动词，放松，根据there are many ways for us…(relax) ourselves可知，ways to do sth.，做某事的方式。此处用动词不定式作定语修饰ways，故填to relax。
27．句意：去博物馆就是其中之一。they，主格，他们，根据"of"可知，介词后面要用人称代词宾格，指代上文提到的many ways。故填them。
28．句意：湖南省有不少博物馆。Quite a few，相当多，不少，修饰可数名词museums。故填a。
29．句意：我和父母每周愉快地去一次那里。go动词，动词要用副词修饰，happy是形容词，开心的，happily副词，开心地，故填happily。
30．句意：当我四岁的时候，我第一次去这个博物馆，我喜欢那些巨大的恐龙骨架。go，动词，根据When I was four可知，时态是一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式，故填went。
31．句意：你可以触摸一些岩石，甚至站在样品附近。close to，拉近，固定搭配。故填to。
32．句意：如果/当这个寒假我有足够的时间，我会再去参观的。根据I will visit it again…I have enough time this winter holiday和语境可知，可表假设，用if引导条件状语从句；可表时间，用when引导时间状语从句。故填if/when。
33．句意：湖南省博物馆是湖南省最大的历史艺术博物馆。large，形容词原级，根据in Hunan Province可知，应用形容词最高级形式作定语，修饰museums，故填largest。
34．句意：它是研究中国历史的重要场所之一。place，名词单数，one of the+最高级+名词复数，表示……之一，故填places。
35．句意：我喜欢在博物馆里散步，在中国艺术中放松。walk，动词，enjoy doing ，喜欢做某事，故用动名词，故填walking。
【答案】36．In factories.
37．Yes (, they do).
38．UPF lovers may feel very bad if they stop eating the food.
39．Because such foods can bring dopamine to people's mind.
40．We should eat fewer UPFs.
【知识点】说明文；健康饮食
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了超加工食物的含义以及对人们的危害。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
36．根据They are usually made in factories可知，超加工食物通常是在工厂中制成。故填In factories。
37．根据Such foods have more calories than natural foods可知，超加工食物比天然食物有着更多地卡路里。故是否定回答，故填Yes./Yes, they do。
38．根据The scientists studied 36 countries and found that UPF lovers may feel very bad if they stop eating the food可知，科学家发现超加工食物爱好者如果停止吃这类食物，可能会感到很糟糕。故填UPF lovers may feel very bad if they stop eating the food。
39．根据Such foods can bring dopamine to people's mind. This helps make them feel happier and want to eat more可知，这类食物可以给人们的大脑带来多巴胺，它能够帮助人们感到快乐并且让人们想要吃更多。故填Because such foods can bring dopamine to people's mind。
40．根据They are not good for people's health around the world可知，超加工食物对人们的健康不好，我们应该少吃。故填We should eat fewer UPFs。
41．【答案】略
【知识点】应用文写作；提纲作文
【解析】【分析】又是一年新春至，在万家灯火、辞旧迎新的日子里，学校将举办"龙腾盛世，共庆佳节"
的春节联欢会。假如你是李华，打算邀请美国的朋友Jack来学校和你一起参加，请用英语写一封邀请函，给Jack简要介绍我国的春节，告诉他联欢会的时间和地点，活动安排和准备等。本文是一篇邀请信；时态为一般将来时；写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏所给出的信息及单词，适当添加细节，突出写作重点。写作步骤]：第一步，表明该邀请函的写作意图；第二步，介绍本次聚会的时间及活动；第三步，期待Jack的回复并表明可以一起准备聚会。
【点评】建议使用traditional传统的，such as 比如，not only…but also…不但……而且……等词汇，使上下文意连接紧密 ，建议采用丰富的句型，比如I'm sure you will like it. （宾语从句）等复合句，非谓语动词we all like eating dumpings，we will enjoy ourselves playing，增加信息的容量，使文章表达更有逻辑性。
1 / 1湖南省长沙市明德集团2023-2024学年八年级下学期入学考试英语试卷
一、阅读，第一节阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。（共11小题；每小题2分，满分22分）
（2024八下·长沙开学考） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The winter vacation is coming. Welcome to Harbin Ice & Snow World. Let's have a look.
Harbin Ice & Snow World
Opening time ◆10:00 a.m. – 6:00 p.m. from Monday to Friday ◆10:00 a.m. – 10:00 p.m. from Saturday to Sunday
Ticket price ◆Adults: 240 yuan/person ◆Children: above 1.2 meters 120 yuan/person under 1.2 meters free
Should not take food, pets, knives, rings
Things to remember ◆Children under 1.4 meters and old people above 60 should stay with other adults. ◆You should follow the rules in the Harbin Ice & Snow World. ◆If you have some health problems and aren't suitable for activities, you'd better not come in.
1．When can you come to Harbin Ice & Snow World on Tuesday
A．At 9 a.m. B．At 2 p.m. C．At 11 p.m.
2．If you (above 1.2 meters) want to go there with your parents, how much should you pay for the tickets
A．360 yuan. B．480 yuan. C．600 yuan.
3．What can't you take to Harbin Ice & Snow World
A．Umbrellas. B．Food. C．Mobile phones.
【答案】1．B
2．C
3．B
【知识点】广告布告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文详细地说明了哈尔滨冰雪大世界的开放时间，门票和注意事项等。
【点评】考查阅读理解，注意回到原文找答案：在回答问题时，要回到原文中寻找答案，尽量选择与原文一致的选项。
1．推断题。根据表格Opening time ◆10:00 a.m. – 6:00 p.m. from Monday to Friday，可知每周一到周五的开放时间为上午10:00到下午6:00，所以周二下午2:00可以到哈尔滨冰雪大世界。故选B。
2．推断题。根据Ticket Price ◆Adults: 240 yuan/person ◆Children: above 1.2 meters 120 yuan/person可知，成人票为每人240元，1.2米以上儿童每人120元；因此1.2米以上的学生想和父母一起去哈尔滨冰雪大世界，应该支付 120+240+240=600元。故选C。
3．细节题。根据表格Should not take food, pets, knives, rings可知，去哈尔滨冰雪大世界不能带食物。故选B。
（2024八下·长沙开学考） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Do you know a famous comedy actress called Jia Ling She will have a new movie on the Spring Festival named YOLO (You Only Live Once).
In this movie, Jia Ling played a role called Le Ying. When she finished college, she couldn't find a good job because she was heavy and shy. Le Ying felt very sad and lonely. She stayed away from people and talked less with them. At the same time, Le Ying liked to eat candies, ice creams, and chocolate to become happy. After years, she felt bored and planned to change herself. She joined a boxing club and met a boxing teacher. With the help of the teacher, she lost a lot of weight.
Later on, Le Ying joined in a boxing competition. After walking onto the stage(舞台), she began to speak, "I know you have been looking down on me for years. Today I can make you all look up to me. Well, that's why I am here." Hearing this, everyone was surprised. Then Le Ying began to try her best in the boxing game. Finally, Le Ying made it to the end in the competition and all the people stood up, giving her a big hand.
The experiences of the girl in the movie are similar to Jia Ling's. "We are not perfect, but we can face our difficulties bravely and don't run away from them. Finally, we will find a road to success and happiness." Jia Ling said.
4．1How does the writer start the passage
A．By telling a story.
B．By asking a question.
C．By giving an example.
5．Why didn't Le Ying find a good job
A．Because she was heavy and shy.
B．Because she was very lazy.
C．Because she was sad and lonely.
6．Which of the following statements is TRUE
A．Le Ying liked to hang out with friends after she couldn't find a good job.
B．She was a little heavy when she was a middle school student.
C．Maybe Le Ying finally became a famous boxer.
7．From the passage, we can learn that ____.
A．We should make more friends with people
B．We should face our difficulties bravely and never give up
C．We should run away from our difficulties
【答案】4．B
5．A
6．C
7．B
【知识点】说明文；影视作品赏析与文化价值
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了电影《热辣滚烫》的大概内容。
【点评】阅读理解，注意排除干扰选项：在选择答案时，要排除那些与原文不符或无关的干扰选项，尽量选择与原文一致的选项。
4．细节题。根据Do you know a famous comedy actress called Jia Ling可知，作者是以提问的方式开始文章的。故选B。
5．根据When she finished college, she couldn't find a good job because she was heavy and shy可知，是因为她又胖又害羞，所以没有找到一份好的工作。故选A。
6．推断题。根据Finally, Le Ying made it to the end in the competition and all the people stood up, giving her a big hand可知，最后，乐莹在比赛中坚持到了最后，所有的人都站了起来，为她鼓掌。由此可推知，乐莹最终可能成为了一名著名的拳击手。故选C。
7．细节题。根据We are not perfect, but we can face our difficulties bravely and don't run away from them. Finally, we will find a road to success and happiness可知，我们应该勇敢地面对困难，从不放弃。故选B。
（2024八下·长沙开学考） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出最佳选项。
As students, you pass your schoolwork through different hands from your group leaders to the class representatives(课代表) and finally to the teachers. It might not sound too difficult, but sometimes it can go wrong and take a lot of time.
To deal with this problem, Zhang Xirui from Shenzhen Middle School in Guangdong came up with a useful tool, a smart homework collection robot. He won the first prize in the 20th Guangdong Provincial Children's Invention Awards.
The robot is the second-generation(第二代) model made by Zhang. It uses radio frequency identification (RFID, 射频识别) technology, a reader and a special tag that can share information without touching each other. Each student's notebook has a special RFID tag with their name and the subject. Students only need to place their notebooks on the robot and the machine "sees" the notebook, reads its tag and takes it out of the name list. "Teachers can check who hasn't handed in homework by connecting their phones with the robot through Wi-Fi," the 13-year-old explained to Shenzhen Satellite TV.
Now, he's planning to develop a third-generation and hopes to use ultra-high-frequency(超高频) radio technology to read lots of RFID tags from far away. That means if you stick a special tag on your notebook, the robot can read the information from a lot of notebooks at once. Zhang believes this is the key to how AI can make life easier for us.
Zhang dreams of becoming a scientist when he grows up. "I'm trying making model airplanes and other scientific and creative projects. Inventing has brought me happiness," he said.
8．What can the second-generation model of smart homework collection robot do
A．It can share information by touching each other.
B．It can read lots of RFID tags from far away.
C．It can help teachers check who hasn't handed in homework.
9．The underlined word "develop" most probably means ____.
A．研发 B．发现 C．激发
10．What is the passage mainly about
A．Zhang won the first prize in the 21th Guangdong Provincial Children's Invention Awards.
B．Zhang dreams of becoming a scientist when he grows up.
C．Zhang invented a smart homework collection robot.
11．Where can you probably find the passage
A．In a health magazine.
B．In a travel book.
C．In a science book.
【答案】8．C
9．A
10．C
11．C
【知识点】科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了来自深圳的中学生发明了一款智能机器人，它能帮助收集学生的作业。
【点评】考查阅读理解，注意分析题目类型：英语阅读理解题目有不同的类型，如主旨大意题、推理判断题、词义猜测题、细节理解题等，要根据题目类型，采用不同的解题方法。
8．细节题。根据Teachers can check who hasn't handed in homework by connecting their phones with the robot through Wi-Fi可知，第二代智能收作业机器人可以帮助老师检查谁没有交作业。故选C。
9．词义猜测题。目前是第二代智能收作业机器人，第三代智能收作业机器应该是Zhang Xirui在第二代的基础上继续研发。故develop是研发的意思，故选A。
10．主旨题。通读全文，主要讲了来自深圳的中学生发明了一种智能机器人，它能帮助收集学生的作业。故选C。
11．推断题。本文主要介绍了来自深圳的中学生发明了一款智能机器人，它能帮助收集学生的作业，并且获得了广东省第20届儿童发明奖一等奖，可知，可能在一本科学书中找到这篇文章。故选C。
二、阅读，第二节 阅读还原(共4小题；每小题2分，满分8分)
（2024八下·长沙开学考） 阅读下面短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。有一个多余选项。
Do you think it's hard to build a good habit Most people find the hardest thing for them is to keep it. So how can you keep a good habit Here are the rules.
Keep one good habit at a time.
It's easy to start a good habit, or even five of them at a time. 12． . One good habit is enough. Don't break this rule.
13． .
Whatever you think you should do, cut it in half. Then, if possible, cut it in half again.
Find a good habit you like.
Many people make a good habit they don't like, so they give it up easily. 14． , or find a way to enjoy doing the habit. Also, praise or buy some gifts for yourself for doing it.
Think twice before you give up a habit.
If you want to stop your good habit, think of the reason why you choose it before you make a decision.
Keep a good habit with others.
15． . So if you have a good habit, you can surely share it with another person.
A. Keep a good habit you love B. Give up some bad habits C. But keeping them is another story D. Make the habit as small as possible E. It is always easier for two people to keep a good habit than one person
【答案】12．C；13．D；14．A；15．E
【知识点】教育类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了如何保持一个好习惯的规则。
A. Keep a good habit you love.保持一个你喜欢的好习惯。
B. Give up some bad habits.改掉一些坏习惯。
C. But keeping them is another story.但保留它们是另一回事。
D. Make the habit as small as possible.使习惯尽可能小。
E. It is always easier for two people to keep a good habit than one person.两个人保持一个好习惯总是比一个人更容易。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，可以将整个文章首先浏览一遍，大概理解意思，根据逻辑关系，找到可以匹配信息的选项。
12．根据Keep one good habit at a time."和上文"It's easy to start a good habit, or even five of them at a time.可知，一次保持一个好习惯，开始一个好习惯容易，甚至一次开始5个好习惯也很容易。意思是开始好习惯和保持好习惯是两个概念。选项C"但是保持好习惯是另一个故事。"符合语境。故选C。
13．根据下文Whatever you think you should do, cut it in half. Then, if possible, cut it in half again可知，无论你觉得自己应该做什么，把它砍半；如果可以的话，再砍半。意思是把习惯尽量变小，让它更好实现。选项D"把习惯变得越小越好。"符合语境。故选D。
14．根据小标题Find a good habit you like和上文Many people make a good habit they don't like可知，我们应该找一个自己喜欢的好习惯，而不是自己不喜欢的好习惯。选项A"保持一个你爱的好习惯。"符合语境。故选A。
15．根据下文share it with another person可知，可以把好习惯分享给另一个人。选项E"两个人保持一个好习惯比一个人保持一个好习惯更容易。"符合语境。故选E。
三、语言运用，第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
（2024八下·长沙开学考） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Friends play an important part in our lives. Do you have any really close friends I am sure you do. Everybody has a 16． friend or two. Recently, I learned a lesson about the power(力量) of 17． .
The story was about two friends, an American girl named Laura Mills and a Japanese girl called Satoe. Laura's parents were lucky to find new jobs in Japan and moved there to 18． when she was a child. After Laura met Satoe at school, they quickly became good friends. Laura often 19． Satoe from bullies(欺凌弱小者).
One year later, Laura's family moved back home. Laura and Satoe kept in 20． by writing letters to each other. 21． , after two years, Satoe's letters 22． coming. Laura wondered why there were no more letters. Then she started to look for her old friend. Many years later, she found Satoe. 23． girls were adults(成人) by then. In the end, Laura knew that Satoe didn't study at school anymore because she was bullied again. That happened after Laura 24． . Luckily, they could find each other again, even after many years apart.
As we know, not every friendship can last forever. People usually come and go. But 25． friends can find a way to stay together forever — even if they have been far apart for a long time.
16．A． beautiful B． good C． surprising
17．A． friendship B． love C． care
18．A． travel B． solve C． work
19．A． invited B． protected C． advised
20．A． touch B． reply C． reach
21．A． Although B． However C． Because
22．A． kept B． promised C． stopped
23．A． None B． Both C． All
24．A． left B． came C． stayed
25．A． different B． necessary C． true
【答案】16．B；17．A；18．C；19．B；20．A；21．B；22．C；23．B；24．A；25．C
【知识点】日常生活类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了朋友的重要性，以及真正的友谊的力量。
【点评】考查完形填空，注意瞻前顾后，寻找线索：在填空时，要注意前后文的联系，寻找线索，避免孤立地看待每个空格。可以通过寻找同义词、近义词、反义词等来确定答案。
16．句意：每个人都有一两个好朋友。beautiful漂亮的；good好的；surprising令人惊讶的。根据Do you have any really close friends可知，设空处指的是好朋友。故选B。
17．句意：最近，我学到了一个关于友谊的力量的一课。friendship友谊；love爱；care照顾。根据The story was about two friends可知，学到的是友谊的力量的一课。故选A。
18．句意：劳拉的父母很幸运地在日本找到了新工作，并在她还是个孩子的时候搬到了那里工作。travel旅行；solve解决；work工作。根据Laura's parents were lucky to find new jobs可知，是去那里工作。故选C。
19．句意：劳拉经常保护佐藤不受欺负。invited邀请；protected保护；advised建议。根据Satoe from bullies 可知，是保护佐藤不受欺负，protect…from，保护……免受。故选B。
20．句意：劳拉和佐藤通过写信保持联系。touch接触；reply回复；reach抵达。根据by writing letters to each other可知，是联系，keep in touch with，与……保持联系。故选A。
21．句意：然而，两年后，佐藤的来信停止了。Although尽管；However然而；Because因为。根据Laura wondered why there were no more letters可知，应说"然而"两年后，佐藤的来信停止了，与前文一直来信形成转折。故选B。
22．句意：然而，两年后，佐藤的来信停止了。kept保持；promised答应；stopped停止。根据Laura wondered why there were no more letters可知，来信停止了。故选C。
23．句意：那时两个女孩都已成年。None没有；Both两者都；All所有的。根据girls were adults (成人) by then可知，这里指的是劳拉和佐藤，应该说两个女孩都已经成年。故选B。
24．句意：那是劳拉离开后发生的事。left离开；came来；stayed停留。根"In the end, Laura knew that Satoe didn't study at school anymore because she was bullied again可知，是劳拉离开以后发生的事情。故选A。
25．句意：但是真正的朋友可以找到一种方法永远呆在一起——即使他们已经分开很长时间了。different不同的； necessary必要的；true真的，根据stay together forever — even if they have been far apart for a long time.，可知是真朋友，故选C。
四、语言运用，第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
（2024八下·长沙开学考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
These days, there are many ways for us 26． (relax) ourselves. Going to museums is one of 27． (they). We can learn much about history and art by visiting museums. Quite 28． few museums are in Hunan Province. Now local students share their favorite museums.
I love animals and nature. My favorite museum is Hunan Museum of Geology in Changsha. I go there 29． (happy) once a week with my parents. The museum has an exhibition(展览) on animal skeletons(骷髅), models, and samples(标本). Also, it shows the evolutionary history of different species. When I was four, I 30． (go) to this museum for the first time, and I loved the large skeletons of dinosaurs. You can touch some rocks or even stand close 31． the samples. I will visit it again 32． I have enough time this winter holiday.
— Tang Jiahe, 14
Hunan Provincial Museum is the 33． (large) museum of history and art in Hunan Province. It is one of the important 34． (place) for the research of Chinese history. This museum puts together both Hunan traditional culture and modern looks. It shows the history, craftsmanship(工艺), culture, and technology through many exhibition halls. I enjoy 35． (walk) in the museum and relaxing in the Chinese art.
— Li Hong, 14
【答案】26．to relax；27．them；28．a；29．happily；30．went；31．to；32．when / if；33．largest；34．places；35．walking
【知识点】社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了现在我们有很多放松的方式，去博物馆就是其中之一。我们可以通过参观博物馆来学习更多关于历史和艺术的知识。
【点评】考查语法填空，检查拼写和语法：在填空完成后，要检查所填单词的拼写和语法是否正确，确保句子表达清晰、准确。
26．句意：如今，我们有很多方式来放松自己。relax，动词，放松，根据there are many ways for us…(relax) ourselves可知，ways to do sth.，做某事的方式。此处用动词不定式作定语修饰ways，故填to relax。
27．句意：去博物馆就是其中之一。they，主格，他们，根据"of"可知，介词后面要用人称代词宾格，指代上文提到的many ways。故填them。
28．句意：湖南省有不少博物馆。Quite a few，相当多，不少，修饰可数名词museums。故填a。
29．句意：我和父母每周愉快地去一次那里。go动词，动词要用副词修饰，happy是形容词，开心的，happily副词，开心地，故填happily。
30．句意：当我四岁的时候，我第一次去这个博物馆，我喜欢那些巨大的恐龙骨架。go，动词，根据When I was four可知，时态是一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式，故填went。
31．句意：你可以触摸一些岩石，甚至站在样品附近。close to，拉近，固定搭配。故填to。
32．句意：如果/当这个寒假我有足够的时间，我会再去参观的。根据I will visit it again…I have enough time this winter holiday和语境可知，可表假设，用if引导条件状语从句；可表时间，用when引导时间状语从句。故填if/when。
33．句意：湖南省博物馆是湖南省最大的历史艺术博物馆。large，形容词原级，根据in Hunan Province可知，应用形容词最高级形式作定语，修饰museums，故填largest。
34．句意：它是研究中国历史的重要场所之一。place，名词单数，one of the+最高级+名词复数，表示……之一，故填places。
35．句意：我喜欢在博物馆里散步，在中国艺术中放松。walk，动词，enjoy doing ，喜欢做某事，故用动名词，故填walking。
五、读写综合，第一节 简答（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2024八下·长沙开学考） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Chips, cookies and ice cream... Many kinds of food we like are ultra-processed(超加工的). And you may want to eat them again and again, said a new study in the British Medical Journal.
What are ultra-processed foods (UPFs) You can't make them by yourself in your own house. They are usually made in factories. And they often have lots of materials you may never know. Such foods have more calories than natural foods.
The scientists studied 36 countries and found that UPF lovers may feel very bad if they stop eating the food. Why do people love UPFs Such foods can bring dopamine(多巴胺) to people's mind. This helps make them feel happier and want to eat more.
About 14 percent of adults and 12 percent of children are eating UPFs, said the study. They are not good for people's health around the world. Scientists are now calling for more care about the UPFs.
36．Where are UPFs usually made
37．Do UPFs have more calories than natural foods
38．What did the scientists find about UPF lovers
39．Why do people enjoy eating UPFs
40．According to the passage, what can we do to keep healthy
【答案】36．In factories.
37．Yes (, they do).
38．UPF lovers may feel very bad if they stop eating the food.
39．Because such foods can bring dopamine to people's mind.
40．We should eat fewer UPFs.
【知识点】说明文；健康饮食
【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了超加工食物的含义以及对人们的危害。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。
36．根据They are usually made in factories可知，超加工食物通常是在工厂中制成。故填In factories。
37．根据Such foods have more calories than natural foods可知，超加工食物比天然食物有着更多地卡路里。故是否定回答，故填Yes./Yes, they do。
38．根据The scientists studied 36 countries and found that UPF lovers may feel very bad if they stop eating the food可知，科学家发现超加工食物爱好者如果停止吃这类食物，可能会感到很糟糕。故填UPF lovers may feel very bad if they stop eating the food。
39．根据Such foods can bring dopamine to people's mind. This helps make them feel happier and want to eat more可知，这类食物可以给人们的大脑带来多巴胺，它能够帮助人们感到快乐并且让人们想要吃更多。故填Because such foods can bring dopamine to people's mind。
40．根据They are not good for people's health around the world可知，超加工食物对人们的健康不好，我们应该少吃。故填We should eat fewer UPFs。
六、书面表达（满分15分）
41．（2024八下·长沙开学考） 又是一年新春至，在万家灯火、辞旧迎新的日子里，学校将举办"龙腾盛世，共庆佳节"
的春节联欢会。假如你是李华，打算邀请美国的朋友Jack来学校和你一起参加，请用英语写一封邀请函，给Jack简要介绍我国的春节，告诉他联欢会的时间和地点，活动安排和准备等。
提示:
时间：Jan. 26, Friday.
活动：1. 学生们将准备一些传统美食：鱼、饺子(dumplings)等；2. 大家一起学做美食；3. 一起玩一些游戏，看一场有趣的电影。
其他：请Jack 在下周三之前回复，并一起为派对做一些准备工作(preparations)。
要求：1. 必须包含以上所给要点，可适当发挥，但不要出现真实姓名和校名；2. 注意时态，要求字迹工整，语意连贯，条理清晰；3. 词数：80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jack,
The Spring Festival is coming soon.
【答案】略
【知识点】应用文写作；提纲作文
【解析】【分析】又是一年新春至，在万家灯火、辞旧迎新的日子里，学校将举办"龙腾盛世，共庆佳节"
的春节联欢会。假如你是李华，打算邀请美国的朋友Jack来学校和你一起参加，请用英语写一封邀请函，给Jack简要介绍我国的春节，告诉他联欢会的时间和地点，活动安排和准备等。本文是一篇邀请信；时态为一般将来时；写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏所给出的信息及单词，适当添加细节，突出写作重点。写作步骤]：第一步，表明该邀请函的写作意图；第二步，介绍本次聚会的时间及活动；第三步，期待Jack的回复并表明可以一起准备聚会。
【点评】建议使用traditional传统的，such as 比如，not only…but also…不但……而且……等词汇，使上下文意连接紧密 ，建议采用丰富的句型，比如I'm sure you will like it. （宾语从句）等复合句，非谓语动词we all like eating dumpings，we will enjoy ourselves playing，增加信息的容量，使文章表达更有逻辑性。
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