2024届高考英语语法常见考点讲解讲义

高考英语语法考点讲解练习
一、名词单复数
【知识要点】
英语中，名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词变复数形式时，遵循下列规则：
1.一般情况下，在名词后添加后缀-s。
2.以-s, -x, -ch, -sh结尾的名词，在名词后添加后缀-es。
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，先将-y变成-i，再加-es。
4.部分以-f(e)结尾的名词，一般在词尾加后缀-s，但下面的几个名词在变复数时，要将-f(e)改为-ves。
5.部分以-o结尾的名词，在名词后添加-es。如：
6.其他几个特殊的名词复数变化情况：
7.部分名词，单复数同形。
8.由“-”连接几个词构成的名词，在变复数时遵循如下规则：
①有名词中心词的，复数后缀（-s/-es）加在名词中心词上。
②没有名词中心词的，复数后缀（-s/-es）加在词尾。
【考题01】单句语法填空
1.Several ______ (student) are playing basketball on the playground.
2.There are four ______ (person) here, so we need four ______ (ticket).
3.They protect us from being attacked.They are ______ (hero).
4.Look！There are some ______ (tomato) on the shelf.
5.The wife of the thief picked up two ______ (knife) made from ______ (leaf) to fight again the ______ (wolf) around her, and took their ______ (life) at last.How brave she was.
6.When you’re making this painting, you need ______ (brush) of different size.
7.Mothers are taking care of their ______ (child) who are playing games happily.
8.The ______ (fly) are so annoying! Let’s kill them or at least drive them away.
9.In summer, ______ (mosquito) are so annoying that we can’t have a good sleep.
10.Those ______ (handkerchief) feel silky.I like them so much.
11.______ (sheep) are eating there.
12.There are so many ______ (fish) in the river.Let’s catch some to cook.The ______ (fish) must be delicious.
13.Nowadays, ______ (cellphone) are popular.
14.China is a nation made up of 56 ______ (people).
15.The ______ (police) are looking into the case these days.
16.There are two ______ (blackboard) and ______ (door) in the classroom.
17.Oh, my god.Every student has more than 60 new ______ (book)!
18.The United States consists of 50 ______ (state).
19.Last night, many ______ (tree) were pulled down by the strong wind.
20.Can you tell us how many ______ (province) are there in China
二、名词作定语
【知识要点】
一个名词修饰另一个名词充当定语时，作定语的名词的单复数形式要遵循以下三个原则（简称为：“名词作定语三原则”）：
1、一个名词修饰另一个名词充当定语时，作定语的名词通常用单数形式。（简称为：“名词作定语，用单数”）如：
a shoe factory a coffee cup
2、man, woman修饰一个名词充当定语时，man, woman的单复数形式与被修饰的名词的单复数形式保持一致。（简称为：“man，woman，一致”）
a man/ woman worker two men/ women workers
3、sport修饰一个名词充当定语时，sport用复数形式。（简称为：“sport，复数”）
the sports meeting
补充：
1、由“数量词-名词”构成的结构在修饰一个名词作定语时，其单复数形式遵循上述第一条原则。如：
a two-year period （也可写成：a two-years’ period）
2、sale作定语时，其单复数形式遵循上述第三条原则。如：
a sales man
【考题02】单句改错
1.His teas glass fell off the desk and broke.
2.Let’s meet at the school’s gate at 3 O’clock.
3.The man workers are talking something there.
4.Our sport meeting will be held next weekend.
5.It took us a long time to get there.It’s a three-hours journey.
6.His job is to sell the woodcarvings in the sale department of the company.
7.He once worked in a shoes factory.
8.The news broadcast is going on.The men driver is listening carefully.
9.A new powerful plant is being built to supply us more electricity.
10.Our company’s buildings are over there.
三、名词所有格
【知识要点】
英语中有三种名词所有格。
1、’s所有格。适用于有生命词。如：
Tom’s book
the dog’s leg
指时间、地理名称（山脉、河流、岛屿等）、天体名称、度量衡、价值等名词，也可以使用’s所有格。如：
today’s newspaper
2、of所有格。适用于有生命词和无生命词。如：
the leg of the desk
the book of Tom
the leg of the dog
3、双重所有格。即：融合了上述两种所有格。如：
a friend of my mother’s (friends)
a friend of mine
【考题03】改正下列句子中出现的错误。
1.The desk leg is broken.It need repairing.
2.This is my brother’s-in-law house.
3.Tom of the book is missing.You can share yours with him.
4.Yesterday, a friend of my father came to visit him.
5.Give me a today newspaper, please.
【答案】
一、
1.students 2.persons; tickets 3.heroes
4 tomatoes 5.knives; leaves; wolves; lives 6.brushes
7.children 8.flies 9.mosquitos/ mosquitoes
10.handkerchiefs 11.Sheep 12.fish(es); fish
13.cellphones 14.peoples 15.police
16.blackboards; doors 17.books 18.states
19.trees 20.provinces
二、
1.teas → tea 2.school’s → school
3.man → men 4.sport → sports
5.hours → hour/ hours’ 6.sale → sales
7.shoes → shoe 8.men → man
9.powerful → power pany’s → company
三、
1.The desk leg → The leg of the desk
2.brother’s-in-law → brother-in-law’s
3.Tom of the book → Tom’s book/ The book of Tom
4.my father → father’s
5.today → today’s
四、冠词
【知识要点】
1、冠词分为三类：定冠词(the)，不定冠词(a, an)和零冠词（即：名词前不使用冠词）。
2、不定冠词的用法：
① 不定冠词基本用法：表示某一类或某一类中的某一个，表示类指、泛指。如：
He is a student.
② 表示“每一”，与every / per同义。
He visited his parents a / every / per week.
③用于第一次提到的、对方不知道的名词前。
A man is waiting for you.
④ 后接表示姓名的专有名词，表示“像这样的人”。如：
He wants to be a Lu Xun.
⑤ 用于一些习惯用语、固定搭配中。如：
at a loss, come to an end, all of a sudden,
in a word, as a whole,
have a knowledge of,
have a population of, have a walk,
take a rest, make a decision/plan,
draw a conclusion,
have a rest, have/take a look,
have a history/population/knowledge of,
a pair of, a number of, a lot of
3、定冠词的用法：
① 定冠词基本用法：表示说话双方都知道的人或事物，或特指某（些）人或事物，表示确指、特指。
—Who is the boy there
—He is Tom.
② 上文提到的或谈话双方都知道的对象。
There is a pen here.The pen is Tom’s.
③ 世上独一无二的名词前。
The earth goes around the sun.
④ 序数词、最高级前。
the first time
the most beautiful
⑤ 乐器名称前（西洋乐器）。
the violin ；the piano
⑥ 有后置定语、定语从句、’s名词所有格限定的名词前。
the September of 2011
the book that you gave me
the house to be built next month
⑦ 与表示姓氏的名词的复数连用，表示夫妇俩或一家人。
The Browns are having their dinner.
⑧ the+某人姓名，表“某人的作品”或“某品牌的产品”。
Yesterday, I bought the Lining.
⑨ 用在比较级前表示两者中“更……的一个”。
He is the taller of the two boys.
⑩ 固定短语中。
all the time, all the same, to the point, in the end,
by the end, take the place of, The more…the more…
4、零冠词的用法：
① 不可数名词前。
I need some water.
He is full of imagination.
② 指一日三餐、月份、四季、星期、节假日前的名词前。
It is cold in winter here.
Supper is very important.
Today is Wednesday.
③ 指棋类、球类运动的名词前。
I like football.
④ 表示头衔、职务的名词前，表示“头衔、职务”。
He was made president.
Barack Hussein Obama II became president of the United Sates.
⑤ 短语搭配中：
成对出现的短语：
young and old teacher and student
husband and wife knife and fork
bread and butter day and night brother and sister
介词短语：
at night at ease at war in peace
in prison in church at sea
动词短语：
go to school go to hospital put into prison
go to work go to bed make friends with
对称名词：
day by day arm in arm day after day
hand in hand from head to foot
5、特殊情况：
① 表示乐器的名词：
如果表示泛指意义，那么前面要使用不定冠词来修饰；如果这个名词被用来表示此类乐器的曲子，那么此时这个名词为不可数名词，前面就不能使用冠词了（即：应该使用零冠词）。如：
Yesterday I bought a violin.
I like listening to violin.
② 表示发明物的名词，如果表示泛指意义，那么前面要使用不定冠词。如：
Yesterday I bought a computer.
③ 如果抽象名词表示具体的某一次（即：抽象名词具体化）时，前面要使用a/an进行限定；如果指具体的一次，前面则需要使用the进行限定。如：
The project of yesterday was a success.
The success (of the project) made him famous overnight.
④ 如果指一日三餐、月份、四季、星期、节假日的名词前有形容词修饰，表示该名词具备的某种性质或特征时，前面需要加a/an进行修饰；如果是特指哪一个月份、星期、季节、节假日，或哪一顿饭，前面需要使用the来进行限定。如：
a hot summer
a quick breakfast
a sunny Friday
a wonderful April
The summer (of this year) is so hot.
The breakfast is delicious.
⑤ 指球类运动的名词，如果不指运动种类，而是指物体本身，表示泛指意义时，前面需要使用a/an进行修饰；表示特指意义时，前面要使用the进行限定。如：
I bought a football yesterday.I like the football very much.
⑥ 如果表示头衔、职称、职务的名词被用来指代担任此职务的人时，前面可以使用the进行限定；如果不止一个人担任此职务，那么名词前可以使用a/an进行修饰。如：
The president of that country will visit China next week.
A vice chairman will host the meeting.
【考题04】单句语法填空
1.______ man is waiting for you.
2.______ woman in red is waiting for you.
3.______ woman in red is Tom’s mother.
4.Life needs ______ water.
5.______ water in the river has been polluted.
6.Cathy is ______ best friend of my mother.
7.Cathy is ______ friend of my mother’s.
8.Would you please give me ______ advice about how to learn English well
9.You can get ______ information from the Internet.
10.All ______ information on the Internet isn’t believable.
11.He likes play ______ football.Yesterday his parents bought him ______ football as his birthday gift.He likes ______ football very much.
12.To own a healthy body, you must have ______ breakfast.
13.The alarm was broken.He had ______ quick breakfast and rushed to work.
14.______ breakfast this morning is so delicious.
15.Listen! Someone is playing ______ piano.I feel familiar with ______ piano.What ______ amazing piano it is.
16.We made Catherine ______ monitor.
17.______ monitor came into the classroom, announcing that we’d have an outing tomorrow.
18.Finally, it came to ______ end.
19.This city has ______ population of 6 million.
20.China has ______ history of more than 5, 000 years.
21.Nowadays, having ______ knowledge of a foreign language is a must.
22.All of ______ sudden, a motorbike rushed out from the corner.
23.We need ______ plenty of water.
24.The apple is so delicious.I want to have ______ second.
25.Is there ______ Mr.White here
26.He really wants to be ______ Newton one day.
27.To some people, ______ Lu Xun is difficult to understand.
28.He is ______ father of the two.
29.I have no work for you for ______ moment.You can have a rest for ______ moment.
30.He visited his parents twice ______ week.
31.Electricity is a kind of ______ energy.
32.This is my ______ friend.
33.He wants to turn ______ scientist in the future.
34.______ Y (y)oungest as he is, he is the tallest of us.
35.You can go there by ______ bus.Or you can also take ______ taxi.
36.______ Browns are having dinner.
37.______ Children’s Day is the festival for children.
38.Failure is the mother of ______ success.
39.The meeting today is ______ success.
40.This is ______ first time that I have been here.
41.The workers are paid by ______ hour.
42.He was beaten on ______ shoulder.
43.Turn ______ left, and you will find the cinema on ______ right.
44.As ______ result, he was late again.
45.______C(c)offee, please.
五、数词
【知识要点】
1、数词表示数目和次序，分为基数词（one, two, …）、序数词（the first, the second, …）、和表示大概数量的数量限定词（some, any, many, several, …）。
2、数词表示：
（1）“基数词+ten/ hundred/ thousand/ million/ billion/ dozen/ score…+复数名词”或“tens/ hundreds/ thousands/ millions/ billions/ dozens/ scores of +复数名词”
（2）时刻表示：
① 几点：“基数词+（o’clock）”
11 o’clock 11点
② 几点过几分：“分钟past小时”
10 past 11 11:10
③ 几点差几分：“分钟to小时”
10 to 11 10:50
（3）年月表示
① 世纪：“（in） the 序数词 century”
(in) the 16th century 16世纪
② 年代：“(in) the 基数词’s”
(in) the 1940’s 20世纪40年代
（4）年月日表示
① 年份：“(in) 基数词”
in 1940 1940年
② 月份：“in+月份”
in May 五月份
③ 日期：“on 月份+序数词”或“on 序数词 +月份”
on Oct.1st 或 on 1st Oct. 10月1日
（5）四则运算表示
① 加法：“加”用plus, and, add表示，等于用is, make, equal表示。
How much is two plus four 2+4=
② 减法：“减”用minus或take from表示。
How much is eleven minus seven 11-7=
③ 乘法：“乘”用time或multiply表示。
How much is 7 times 7 7×7=？
④ 除法：“除”用divide的过去分词形式（divided）表示。
How much is 20 divided by four 20÷4=？
（6）分数表示：“基数词（分子）-序数词（-s）（分母））”：
one-third 1/3 three-fifths 3/5
（7）小数表示：“基数词point基数词”：
one hundred twenty five point four six 125.46
（8）百分数表示：“基数词+percent”：
29 percent 29%
（9）长、宽、高、重量、面积等度量衡表示：“基数词+单位词+形容词”或“基数词+单位词+in+形容词的同根名词”：
ten meters long/ in length
ten meters wide/ in width
（10）温度表示：“基数词+degree(s)+单位词（centigrade/ Fahrenheit）”：
10℃ 10摄氏度
（11）倍数表示：“基数词+times +比较结构”：
The house is three times bigger than that one.
The house is three times as big as that one.
（12）年龄表示：“in one’s 基数词的复数形式”：
in his thirties 30多岁
（13）数词与名词构成的合成词作定语
three-hour journey 三小时的旅行
a 13-year-old boy 一个13岁的小男孩
（14）数词与名词的连用
① 修饰可数名词的数量词：基数词, many, (a) few, a number of, tens/ hundreds/ thousands/ millions/ billions/ … of。
② 修饰不可数名词的数量词：much, (a) little, a great deal of。
③ 修饰不可数名词和可数名词的数量词：some, any, a lot of, a large quantity of, large quantities of, plenty of。
【考题05】单句改错
1.Two thousands people are having a meeting there.
2.I haven’t some water.
3.Can you give me any help
4.There isn’t plenty of water.
5.Two-fifth of students disagreed.
6.This is the three football I’ve bought.
7.There is too many water here.
8.He is in his fifty.
9.Friday is the five day of a week.
10.I don’t want any more orange.I have had many.
11.Three hundreds people are waiting there.
12.We need many water.
13.From his teacher, he learned a lot of.
14.He is only a 3-years-old boy.
15.He is about in his sixty.
16.Two-third of the forest has been destroyed.
17.“A” is the one letter of the English alphabet.
18.The river is about 5 meters width.
19.He was born in May 1, 2004.
20.This new building is three time higher than the old one.
【答案】
四、
1.A 2.A/The 3.The 4./ 5.The 6.the 7.a 8./ 9./ 10.the
11./; a; the 12./ 13.a 14.The 15.the; the; / 16./ 17.The
18.an 19.a 20.a 21.a 22.a 23./ 24.a 25.a 26.a 27.the 28.the 29.the; a 30.a 31./ 32./ 33./ 34./ 35./; a 36.The 37./ 38./ 39.a 40.the 41.the 42.the 43./; the 44.a 45.A
五、
1.thousands→thousand 2.some→any
3.any→some 4.plenty of→much/ enough
5.Two-fifth→two-fifths 6.three→third
7.many→much 8.fifty→fifties
9.five→fifth 10.many→much
11.hundreds→hundred 12.many→much
13.of去掉 14.3-years-old→3-year-old
15.sixty→sixties 16.Two-third→Two- thirds
17.one→first 18.width→wide或width前加in
19.in→on 20.time→times
六、人称代词和物主代词
【知识要点】
1、人称代词有主格和宾格两种形式，在句子中分别作主语和宾语。
人称代词的主格形式：I, you（你）, he, she, it, we, you（你们）, they；
人称代词的宾格形式：me, you（你）, him, her, it, us, you（你们）, them。
2、物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，前者相当于一个形容词，放在名词前作定语；后者相当于一个名词，后面不能再接名词，在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语。
形容词性物主代词：my, your（你的）, his, her, its, our, your（你们的）, their；
名词性物主代词：mine, yours（你的）, his, hers, its, ours, yours（你们的）, theirs。
【考题06】单句语法填空
1.The boy is waiting for ______ (he) mother.
2.The little baby has to take care of himself, because ______ (she) father is fixing all ______ (he) attention on ______ (he) smartphone.
3.The dog is enjoying ______ (it) food.
4.This isn’t Tom’s coat.______ (he) is blue.
5.Hello, anybody else Help ______ (I)!
6.I really can’t stand ______ (he) smoking.
7.The boy said they would have a party the next day, and ______ (they) parents would be invited.
8.Is this ______ (you) book
9.Tom is a friend of ______ (I).
10.All of ______ (we) have ______ (we) own books.
11.Our teacher told us that we could ask ______ (she) for help if we have any problem.
12.______ (I) book is lost.I can’t find it anywhere.
13.John shared ______ (he) book with his friend.
14.You should apologize for ______ (you) mistake.
15.I really can’t believe ______ (I) ears!
七、反身代词
【知识要点】
反身代词，多用于主语之后或句尾，以表示强调，或用于固定短语中。
He himself is a worker.他自己就是一个工人。
He taught himself.他自己教的自己（他是自学的。）
I can manage it by myself.我自己应付的来。
【考题07】单句改错
1.We have ourselves books.
2.Himself is a worker.
3.Help you some food.
4.He is thinking to him aloud.
5.I’m not me today.
八、It用法
【知识要点】
it作为代词，它的用法主要分为四个方面：
1、用来指代无生命的对象，如：天气、距离、时间、地点、金钱等等。
It is sunny today.（指天气）
It is a bit far.（指距离）
It is 8 o’clock.（指时间）
We will have a meeting this afternoon.It is very important.（指第一句中提到的the meeting）
I bought a new smart phone.I like it very much.（指第一句中提到的smart phone）
也可以用来指代不明性别或不明身份的、有生命的对象。
Who is knocking the door Is it the postman
Here is a kid.It is so cute!
2、在句中作形式主语。
（1）在固定句式：It be adj.(for/of sb.) to do sth.中，代替-to do不定式，在句中作形式主语。
It is difficult for me to move such a heavy box by myself.
It is kind of you to help us.
（2）在固定句式：It be useless/a waste of sth./no good/no use doing sth.中，代替-ing分词短语，在句中作形式主语。
It is useless/ no use arguing with him.He is so stubborn.
It is a waste of time arguing with him!
（3）在固定句式：It vi./be n./be adj./be done+从句中，代替主语从句，在句中作形式主语。
It seems as if he knows something.
It is a pity that you can’t go with us.
It is certain that he will come.
It is said that he will come tomorrow.
3、在句中作形式宾语。
上述it作形式主语的三种句式稍加变动，就会得到it作形式宾语的句式。
I found it difficult to move such a heavy box by myself.
We think it a waste of time arguing with him.
After he made it clear that he didn’t agree with them, he left.
He made it a rule to get up early every day and do some exercise.
4、用来指代前文提到的不可数名词或单数形式的可数名词。
I fell in love with that car, but I can’t buy it, because I have no money.
Don’t drink the water.It is dirty.
【考题08】写出下列句中划线的it的用法。
1.It is cold today.
2.The box is very heavy.I can’t move it.
3.Look at the baby.It is so cute.
4.It is difficult for me to move the heavy box.
5.It is no use arguing with him.
6.It is said that he has left this city.
7.We’ll appreciate it if you will help us.
8.He made it clear that he didn’t like it.
9.I fell in love with this smartphone.I must buy it.
10.It might be the postman knocking the door.
九、不定代词
【知识要点】
不定代词主要分为以下四组：
1、some和any
（1）some意思为“一些”，主要用于肯定句中；否定句和疑问句中，some要换成any。
I need some water.
I don’t need any water.
但在实际应用中，some可以在满足特定条件的前提下用于否定句或疑问句中。
Do you need some water
（2）any还可以理解为“任何”，可以用于肯定句。
Any person can do it.
2、many, much, (a) few, (a) little
many, (a) few用来修饰可数名词的复数形式，而much, (a) little用来修饰不可数名词；两者都可以单独使用。
Many people are waiting for you.
Do you have more books We still need many.
Much water is needed.
I don’t need any orange.I have drunk much.
A few books are there.
There is only a little water left.
3、both, all, either, neither, none
（1）both表示“（两者）都”， either表示“（两者中的）任意一个”, neither表示“（两者）都不”。
Both of the boys like sport.
Either of the boys likes sport.
Neither of the boys likes sports.
（2）all表示“（三者）及以上都”，none表示“（三者）及以上都不”。
All of the people agreed with us.
None of the people agreed with us.
4、复合不定代词（someone, somebody, something, anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, nobody, nothing）
【考题09】单句改错。
1.Please help me find out the mistake in my article if some.
2.Do you need any water
3.Tom and Jerry are good friends.All of them like sports.
4.The rainstorm left many water over the city roads.
5.He doesn’t like the film, and I don’t neither.
6.I must copy these numbers down.Something like some paper and a pen are needed.
7.The party is coming.Have you had anything ready
8.You shouldn’t put anything into the refrigerator.
9.—Who is in the room —None.
10.He went to see his parents twice each week.
十、代词指代
【知识要点】
1、人称代词用来指代某个人、物、事。名词性物主代词用来指代被所属的某个对象。
This is Tom.He is a student.
My coat is blue.His is red.
2、指示代词用来指代某个人、物、事。
This is an apple.That is an orange.
These are apples.Those are oranges.
3、this用来指代上、下文内容，that用来指代上文的内容。
You can do it like this: …
… This/That is what I want to say to you.
4、one(s), it, that/the one/those/the ones的指代用法
（1）one用来指代与上文提到的单数形式的可数名词同一类的对象，ones用来指代与上文提到的复数形式的可数名词同一类的对象，简称为：“同一类但不同一个”。
My friend bought a new bike yesterday.It is so good that I want to buy one.
（2）it用来指代上文提到的单数形式的可数名词或不可数名词。简称为：“同一类且同一个”。
I saw an interesting book and decided to buy it.
（3）that在比较结构后用来指代上文提到的不可数名词或单数形式的可数名词，指代单数形式的可数名词时，可替换为the one；those在比较结构后用来指代上文提到的复数形式的可数名词，可替换为the ones。
No pleasures are equal to that of eating an ice-cream on a hot summer day.
His new song is better than those/ the ones he wrote in the past.
【考题10】用one(s), the one(s), it, that, those填空。
1.My friend bought a new smartphone.I plan to buy ______.
2.The film is interesting.I like ______.
3.The population of this country is much larger than ______ of that country.
4.No pleasures can be equal to ______ of eating an ice-cream on a hot summer day.
5.China’s space programme started later than ______ of the Russia and the US.
【答案】
六、
1.his 2.her; his; his 3.its 4.His 5.me
6.his/ him 7.their 8.your 9.mine 10.us; our
11.her 12.My 13.his 14.your 15.my
七、
1.ourselves→our own 2.Himself→He 3.you→yourself
4.him→himself 5.me→myself
八、
1.指代天气。
2.指代the box。
3.指代the baby。
4.形式主语，句中的to move the heavy box为真正主语。
5.形式主语，句中的arguing with him为真正主语。
6.形式主语，句中的that he has left this city为真正主语。
7.形式宾语，句中的if you will help us为真正宾语。
8.形式宾语，句中的that he didn’t like it为真正宾语。
9.指代this smartphone。
10.指代不明身份、不明性别的人。
九、
1.some→any 2.any→some 3.All→Both
4.many→much 5.neither→either 6.are→is
7.anything→everything 8.anything→everything
9.None→Nobody/ No one
10.each→every/a
十、
1.one 2.it 3.that 4.that 5.those/ the ones
十一、基本句法功能
【知识要点】
1、形容词主要用来修饰名词，在句子中可以充当定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语，跟定冠词the连用时，相当于名词，可以充当主语和宾语。
I bought a new book yesterday.（形容词作定语）
He is tall.（形容词作表语）
We can make it more beautiful.（形容词作宾语补足语）
Tired, he fell asleep quickly.（形容词作状语）
The poor are poor.（the+形容词作主语）
We should help the poor.（the+形容词作宾语）
2、副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词和副词，在句子中充当状语。
He runs very fast.（副词very，修饰副词fast，而副词fast修饰动词run）
The book is quite interesting.（副词quite，修饰形容词interesting）
【考题11】单句语法填空
1.A dog’s eating habit requires regular training before it is ______ (proper) established.
2.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people ______ (flexibly) options to exercise.
3.Although she did not know Boston well, she made her way ______ (easy) enough to the Home Circle Building.
4.There was such a long queue for coffee at the interval that we ______ (eventual) gave up.
5.At times, worrying is a normal, ______ (evitable) response to a difficult event of situation — a loved one being injured in an accident, for example.
6.If it is quite ______ (convenience) to you, I will visit you next Tuesday.
7.The committee is discussing the problem right now.It will _______ (hope) have been solved by the end of next week.
8.You can see the stars on a clear night, but in the daytime they are _______ (visible).
9.He began to take political science ______ (serious) only when he left school.
10.It’s hard for him playing against me.I’ve got nothing to play for, but for him, he needs to win so ______ (bad).
11.It is not socially ______ (accept) for parents to leave children unattended at that age.
12.Since Tom _______ (accident) downloaded a virus into his computer, he cannot open the file now.
13.The final score of the basketball match was 93-94.We were only ______ (narrow) beaten.
14.Alex and Andy performed _______ (skill) at the music competition and won the first prize.
15.As he works in a remote area, he visits his parents only_______ (occasion).
16.Running a company is not ______ (simple) a matter of hiring people — they also need to be trained.
17.It seems that living green is ______ (surprise) easy and affordable.A small step makes a big difference
18.The questionnaire takes ______ (approximate) ten to fifteen minutes to complete and can be used along with the assessment interview.
pared with his sister, Jerry is even more ______ (sense) to, and more easily troubled by, emotional and relationship problems.
20.Frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be ______ (access) to the kids.
21.I’m sure that your letter will get ______ (immediately) attention.They know you're waiting for the reply.
22.In the good care of the nurses, the boy is ______ (gradual) recovering from his heart operation.
23.In this lecture, I can only give you a purely ______ (person) view of how we live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.
24.I wasn’t blaming anyone; I ______ (mere) said errors like this could be avoided.
25.The island is ______ (equal) attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.
26.Do you think shipping online will ______ (final) take the place of shopping in stores
27.______ (thank), I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.
28.In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are ______(option).
29.I’ve been writing this report ______ (occasion) for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in tomorrow.
30.Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be ______ (equal) respected.
31.We used to see each other ______ (regular), but I haven’t heard from him since last year.
32.Be ______ (reason) —you can’t expect me to finish all this work in so little time.
33.Those poor and needy(贫穷的) teenagers were excited to find a shop at the corner where they could buy ______ (afford) priced(明码标价的) bikes.
34.Everything seemed to be going ______ (smooth) for the first two days after I moved to New York.
35.If we leave right away, ______ (hope) we’ll arrive on time.
36.With online shopping increasingly popular, the Internet is seen as a(n) ______ (efficiency) way of reaching target customers.
37.What was so ______ (impress) about Jasmine Westland's victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.
38.Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said ______ (sharp), "Don't be so mean," pointing a finger of warning at her.
39.They gave money to the old people's home either ______ (person) or through their companies.
40.It was ______ (consider) of Michael to inform us his delay in case we got worried.
41.The girl used to be shy, but is ______ (gradual) getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
42.Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was ______ (former) alive.
43.A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience, ______ (especial) if you are travelling at high speed.
44.The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents.But ______ (alternatively) explanations are hard to find.
45.Tom sounds very much ______ (interest) in the job, but I’m not sure whether he can manage it.
十二、比较级最高级
【知识要点】
1、形容词和副词的比较级，用于两者之间的比较，常与than连用。
He is taller than his classmates.
2、形容词和副词的最高级，用于三者及三者以上的对象中，表示：“（在……中）最……”。在使用最高级时，句中往往要出现表示范围的词语或结构。
He is the tallest in his class.
3、比较级的两个特殊用法：
（1）在否定句中使用比较级，可以表示最高级意思。即：比较级与否定词连用，表示最高级意义。
I have never seen a better one.
(=This is the best one that I have ever seen.)
（2）比较级与than any other/than others连用，表示最高级意义。
Shanghai is bigger than any other city/than other cities in China.
(=Shanghai is the biggest city in China.)
【考题12】单句改错
1.Mr.Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been ______ (popular).
2.Mr.Stevenson is great to work for — I really couldn’t ask for a ______ (good) boss.
3.Many people have donated that type of blood; However, the blood bank needs ______ (much).
4.It may not be a great suggestion, but before a ______ (good) one is put forward, we’ll make do with it.
5.I don’t think this film is by far the most boring.I have seen ______ (bad).
6.The new group of students is better behaved than the other group who stayed here ______ (early).
7.Alan is a careful driver, but he drives ______ (careful) of my friends.
8.Of the two coats, I'd choose the ______ (cheap) one to spare some money for a book.
9.Work gets done ______ (easy) when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too.
10.Scientists have found that good news can spread faster and ______ (far) than disasters and sob stories.
【答案】
十一、
1.properly 2.flexible 3.easily
4.eventually 5.inevitable 6.convenient
7.hopefully 8.invisible 9.seriously
10.badly 11.acceptable 12..accidentally
13.narrowly 14.skillfully 15.occasionally
16.simply 17.surprisingly 18.approximately
19.sensitive 20.accessible 21.immediate
22.gradually 23.personal 24.merely
25.equally 26.finally 27.Thankfully
28.optional 29.occasionally 30.equally
31.regularly 32.reasonable 33.affordably
34.smoothly 35.hopefully 36.efficient
37.impressive 38.sharply 39.personally
40.considerate 41.gradually 42.formerly
43.especially 44.alternative 45.interested
十二、
1.more popular 2.better 3.more 4.better
5.worse 6.earlier 7.the least carefully
8.cheaper 9.more easily 10.Farther
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