人教版八年级下册Unit5What were you doing when the rainstorm came?语法知识点 （含答案）

人教版八年级英语下册语法知识点
Unit 5. what were you doing when the rainstorm came
短语归纳
1. wait for 等候
2.look for 寻找
3. look out of. 向……外面看;看向……外面
4.go of (闹钟)发出响声
5.go away 离开;消失
6. pick up 接电话
7.wake up 醒来;弄醒,唤醒
8.clean up 打扫干净
9. point out 指出
10.call out 大声呼叫
11.die down 逐渐变弱;逐渐消失
12.take down 拆除;往下拽;记录
13. take photos/pictures
= take a photo/picture 拍照;照相
14.take a (hot) shower 洗(热水)澡
15.have fun = have a good time
=enjoy oneself玩得开心
16.have/take a look看一看
17.have meaning to sb.
对某人有(特殊的 )意义
18. feel like.. 感觉像……
19.make sure 务必;确保;查明
20. beat against... 敲打…
21.fall asleep 进入梦乡;睡着
22. break..apart 使……支离破碎
23. play the piano 弹钢琴
24.turn on 打开(反:turn off关上)
25. listen to the radio 听收音机
26. get to = arrive in/at 到达
27.make one’s way 前往;费力地前进
28. to tell the truth 说实话
29.walk by 路过
30.at the time of在……的时候
31.in a mess 凌乱不堪;乱七八糟
32.in times of difficulty 在困难时期
33.because of因为
34.in history 在历史上
35.in silence 沉默;无声
36.at first 起初;起先
37. by the side of... 在……旁边
38. the rest of剩余的……
39.each other 互相
40. for example 例如
41. as well 也
用法集萃
1. be busy doing sth.忙于做某事
2.see sb./sth.doing sth.看见某人/某物正在做某事
3. begin/start to do sth.= begin/start doing sth.开始做某事
4.try to do sth.尽力做某事
5. wait for sb,to do sth.等待某人做某事
6. remember doing sth.记得做过某事 remember to do sth.记得要做某事
7.be shocked to do sth,对做某事感到震惊
8. It's + adj. + to do sth.做某事是……的。
9.have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难或麻烦
10. so...that.. 如此………以至于……
语法：
一．过去进行时
1.定义。
表示在过去某一时刻或某一时间段内正在进行或发生的动作。
2.构成
was/were + v.-ing
说明:当主语是第一人称单数形式或第三人称单数形式时,助动词用 was,其余人称用 were。
3.常用的时间状语
at that time, at this time yesterday, at 8: 00 yesterday morning 等
My father was taking down the small wooden house at that time. 那时我爸爸正在拆除那座小木屋。
Mr. Green was repairing the window at 10: 00 a.m. last Sunday.
上个星期天上午 10点格林先生正在修窗户
Jim was doing his homework when the teacher came in.老师进来的时候,吉姆正在做作业
4.基本句式
(1)肯定句:主语+was/were+v-ing+其他
I was sleeping at ten last night昨天晚上 10点我正在睡觉。
(2)否定句:主语+wasn't / weren't+v-ing+其他
I wasn't sleeping at ten last night.昨天晚上 10点我没在睡觉。
(3)一般疑问句:Was/were+主语+v-ing+其他
肯定回答:Yes,主语 + was/were.
否定回答;No,主语+ wasn't/weren't.
Were you sleeping at ten last night 昨天晚上 10点你在睡觉吗
Yes, l was. /No, I wasn't.对,是的。/不,我没有。
5.过去进行时与一般过去时的区别
过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作,强调动作正在进行;
而一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,多指动作已经完成。
I was making my way to the small mountain village at this time yesterday.
昨天的这个时候我正前往那个小山村。
I made my way to the small mountain village yesterday.昨天我去了那个小山村。
助记:
过去进行时过去动作正进行，常有过去时间点。
was 或 were 主语后，现在分词跟后边.
一般问句很简单，was 或 were 提句前。
否定句,也容易,was/were后not 添。
中考链接
(1)(2023河北)I saw Bob in the garden. He ______fowers there.
A. waters
B. has watered
C. is watering
D. was watering
解析:我们可用“逻辑推理法”解答本题。由前句“我看到鲍勃在花园里”为一般过去时可推知，此句应用过去进行时表示“(我看到他时)他正在那里浇花”。故答案:D选D。
(2)(2023吉林)Tom_______when I called him yesterday.
A. read
B. is reading
C. was reading
解析:我们可用“语境分析法”解答本题。由从句句意“昨天我给他打电话时”可知，此处表示那个时候汤姆正在读书，要用过去进行时。其构成为“was/were+v -ing”,故选C。
答案:C
二．when 与 while 引导的时间状语从句
when 和 while 都可用作连词,意为"当……的时候”,都可用来引导时间状语从句。
它们的具体用法如下:
1.when 的用法
(1)when 既可指时间点也可指时间段,其从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的。
When l arrived at the station, they were waiking for me.
当我到达车站时,他们正在等我
when引导的从句的谓语动作可在主句谓语动作之前、之后或与之同时发生。
When he finished his homework, he played games.
当他完成作业后,他就玩游戏了。(完成作业在前)
When I got to the museum, the door was closed.
当我到达博物馆时,门已经关上了。(到博物馆在后)
(3)当主句是一般将来时态时,从句用一般现在时表示将来。
I'll call you when I get there.当我到达那里时我将给你打电话。
2.while的用法。
(1)while 指时间段,其从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的。
While l was waiting for the bus, I met her.
当我正在等公共汽车时，我遇见了她。
(2)强调主从句动作同时进行时,常用 while引导从句。此时主从句常用进行时。
They were rowing boats while we were climbing the hill. 当我们在爬山时,他们在划船。
(3)强调主句动作发生时,从句动作正在进行，常用 while 引导从句。主句常用一般过去时或一般现在时,从句常用进行时。
It began to rain while we were having dinner.
我们吃晚饭时，天开始下雨了。
中考链接
(1)(2023山西)
Please don't hurt the little animals______ you see them on the street. They are our firiends
so
when
C.unless
解析:我们可用“前后关系分析法”解答本题。so 意为“所以”，表示因果关系;when意为“当……时候”,引导时间状语从句;unless 意为“除非;如果不”,引导条件状语从句。由空格所在句句意“请不要伤害你在街上看到它们”可小动物知,空格后不是空格前的结果或条件,而是空格前动作发生的时间,故选 when 引导时间状语从句。答案:B
(2)(2023长沙)
--What happened to Mrs. Smart
--She cut herself while she______lunch
A. prepares
B. is preparing
C. was preparing
解析:我们可用“语法分析法”解答本题结合选项可知答语意为“当她在准备午饭时,她切到自己了”,故此处 while 引导的从句应用进行时;由主句 she cut herself为一般过去时可知，此处应用过去进行时，其构成为“was/were+v -ing”,故选答案:C
语法专练
--Paul, what were you doing at nine last night
--______a movie in the cinema with my friends.
was watching.
B. watch
D. will watch
C. have watched
2. Jenny______in the kitchen when you called her at 5 o'clock this afternoon.
A. is cooking
B. was cooking
C. cooks
D. cooked
3. The girls_______with two cats in the yard when the earthquake happened.
A. was playing
B. is playing
C. were playing
4.________ I got home,l found my mother cooking for me.
A.When
B.Before
C.Since
D. While
5. She_______TV while her brother______supper
A. was watching;had
B. watched; was having.
C. watched; had
D. was watching; was having
答案：ABCAD