2024届高考英语二轮复习：完形填空专题课件(共27张PPT)
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| 名称 | 2024届高考英语二轮复习：完形填空专题课件(共27张PPT) |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-04-09 18:15:53 | ||
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(共27张PPT)
高考完形填空解题技巧
年份 卷别 体裁 情境 题目类型
名词 动词 形容词 副词 介词 连词 感叹词 习语
2021 新课标全国Ⅰ卷 记叙文 在烘焙厂做临时工 4 9 2 0 0 0 0 0
全国甲卷 记叙文 带辣香肠住酒店 4 10 4 1 0 0 0 1
全国乙卷 记叙文 女病人向医护人员致谢 6 10 1 2 0 0 1 0
2022 全国甲卷 记叙文 一个人对狗的态度 9 6 3 1 1 0 0 0
全国乙卷 说明文 实验证明孩子们捉迷藏时，遮住自己的眼睛是孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重 7 7 4 2 0 0 0 0
新课标全国Ⅰ卷 记叙文 露营得到陌生人帮助 5 5 3 1 1 0 0 0
新课标全国Ⅱ卷 记叙文 介绍当看房人来环球旅行 6 4 4 1 0 0 0 0
2023 全国甲卷 记叙文 邻居送来奇形怪状的西红柿和包装老旧的红酒故事 4 8 7 0 1 0 0 0
全国乙卷 记叙文 Gabby体操运动员奥运夺冠的励志故事 2 12 4 2 1 0 0 0
新课标全国Ⅰ卷 夹叙夹议 Bailey帮助受伤选手而延迟比赛 7 5 3 0 0 0 0 0
新课标全国Ⅱ卷 记叙文 帮助运狗，使这个家庭得以团聚 3 7 4 1 0 0 0 0
1.命题分析：
1.设题规律
以动词、名词为主，其次是形容词、副词。着重考查考生的词汇运用能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力。
2.选材特点
主题语境包括人与自我、人与自然和人与社会，选材原汁原味，语言地道，充满正能量，倡导至真至善至美的价值观，在具体语境中考查英语核心素养。
3.命题规律：以记叙文和夹叙夹议为主，说明文和议论文为辅
2.解题步骤
1.要快速通读全文，了解文章大意，正确分析、归纳文章主旨。
2.在理解文章大意基础上，对每道题所给的词语进行剖析，考虑语境，上下呼应，运用逻辑思维进行推理，再根据自己最有把握的、最熟悉的短语、习惯用语、动词形式和句子结构等，先完成简单的，把难的留在后面。
3.再细读全文，集中精力解决难点，填补空缺。
4.答题完毕，遵循由整体到局部、由局部到整体的规律，再耐心通读全文，认真复查所选答案是否得当，语法是否正确，逻辑推理是否合理。
3.解题技巧
1.词汇复现
（1）原词复现
（2）近义词
（3）反义词
原词复现
1.(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our 41memories are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 42 along Chalk Creek.
42．A．camped B．drove C．walked D．cycled
解析：根据第一段I have had wonderful camping experiences 可知，作者讲述的是自己其中的一次露营经历，所以选A。
近义词
2.(2021·浙江卷6月)
My mother is 92.Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her __36__ and visit the doctor, providing __37__ and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to __38__ some small things she needs.
解析：根据原文she likes to go to a nearby store to可知，母亲喜欢去附近商店买她喜欢的小东西。所以选D.
反义词
3.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Our __48_roles_ in the factory were simple：Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing(糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. __49_Remove_ bunny from the belt. This was __50__ than it sounds. __51_Slow down_ a bit and the cakes pile up.
50．A.harder B．better C．longer D．cheaper
解析：Our __48_roles_ in the factory were simple说烘焙店的工作很简单，后面Our __48_roles_ in the factory were simple说慢一点就会堆一起，，由此可以推断实际操作起来要难，因此选A。（反义词）
2.逻辑关系
1）并列关系
2）转折关系
3）对比关系
4）因果关系
5）递进关系
并列关系
1.(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)He was 44 and his crying let the whole campground
know it.
44．A．unhurt B．unfortunate
C．uncomfortable D．unafraid
解析：由and 可知前后是并列关系，后面是他得哭声可知前面是不舒服，所以选 C.
转折关系
2.(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 47 ， but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 48 our peaceful morning trip. The 49 picked up and thunder rolled.
48．A．arranged B．interrupted
C．completed D．recorded
解析：one指代storm，根据but 可知前后构成转折关系。前面说出发时天气晴朗，后面是暴风雨来临，所以选B interrupt 打断了我们平静的清晨之旅。
对比关系
3.(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)his crying let the whole campground know it. So 45 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him.
45．A．due to B．instead of
C．apart from D．as for
解析：由原文前面his crying let the whole campground know it可知，他的哭声让所有的人·都听到，所以不能再用绳子束缚他，所以就是对比，代替用绳子舒服，我仔细看管他。
因果关系
解析：根据上文内容可知，Burchill要去见朋友，朋友要求他带一些辣香肠过来。所以此处应表示他装了满满一箱的辣香肠。fill“使充满，装满”符合语境，故选A。
递进关系
(2020·新高考山东卷)When he was 16, Molai began to notice something __3__ happening around his home.A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the __4__ it caused had driven away a number of birds. __5__， the number of snakes had declined as well.
5．A.Besides B．However
C．Therefore D．Otherwise
解析：此处描述了洪水给Molai的家乡带来了影响，大量鸟类飞走了，蛇的数量也减少了。前后构成递进关系，所以选A’ 此外，而且。
3.上下文语境
(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 52 ， a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back.
52．A．patiently B．tirelessly
C．doubtfully D．helplessly
解析：根据We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor可知，船发动不了，所以只能无助等待救援。所以选 D.
4.背景常识
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)My best friend Betsy's father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, __41_made_ little bunny(兔子) cakes for all its __42__ throughout Cleveland.
42．A.stores B．families
C．schools D．citizens
解析：根据本句的逻辑关系，its的逻辑主语Hough Bakeries是一家烘焙工厂的名字，根据常识可知，烘焙工厂要向它的门店供货。A项意为“商店”，故A项正确。
5.情感态度
(2021·全国甲卷)“I have__55_matured_ and I admit responsibility for my __56actions__，” he said in the letter. “I come to you, __57_hat in hands_， to apologize for the damage I had __58_indirectly_ caused and to ask you to __59__ my lifetime ban from the hotel.
59．A.replace B．remember
C．reconsider D．renew
解析：根据上文内容可知，Burchill因为一时的疏忽给酒店造成了严重的影响，所以被列入了黑名单。后来他写信给酒店道歉。故空处所在句是说，他请求酒店重新考虑一下自己终身被禁的事情。reconsider“重新考虑”符合语境，故选C。
6.固定搭配
“I have__55_matured_ and I admit responsibility for my __56actions__，” he said in the letter. “I come to you, __57__， to apologize for the damage I had __58_indirectly_ caused
57．A.hands in pockets B．nose in the air
C．hat in hand D．feet on the ground
解析：根据上下文的内容可知，空处所在句应是说“我”真诚地为“我”造成的损失表示歉意。hat in hand“毕恭毕敬地”符合语境，故选C。 hands in pockets“手插兜”；nose in the air“目中无人”；feet on the ground“脚踏实地”
小结：六大解题法
1）词语复现
2）逻辑关系
3）上下文语境
4）背景知识
5）情感态度
6）固定搭配
实战演练
(2020·新高考山东卷)Molai grew up in a tiny village in India.The village lay near some wetlands which became his second __1__．He learned the value and beauty of __2__ there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something __3__ happening around his home.A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the __4__ it caused had driven away a number of birds. __5__， the number of snakes had declined as well.He __6__ that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the __7__．The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek __8__ during the daytime.He turned to the __9__ department for help but was told that nothing would grow there.However, Molai went looking on his own and __10__ a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
_11__ young plants in the dry season was __12__ for a lone boy.Molai built at the __13__ of each sapling (幼树) a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to __14__ rainwater.The water would then drip (滴落) on the plants below.
Molai __15__ to plant trees for the next 37 years.His efforts have resulted in 1，360 acres of naturally grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
1．A.dream B．job C．home D．choice
2．A.nature B．youth C．culture D．knowledge
3．A.precious B．interesting C．disturbing D．awkward
4．A.waste B．tension C．pain D．damage
5．A.Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise
6．A.agreed B．realized C．remembered D．predicted
7．A.noise B．heat C．disease D．dust
8．A.directions B．partners C．help D．shelter
9．A.labor B．police C．forest D．finance
10．A.rebuilt B．discovered C．left D．managed
11．A.Decorating B．Observing C．Watering D．Guarding
12．A.tough B．illegal C．fantastic D．beneficial
13．A.back B．top C．foot D．side
14．A.cool down B．keep off C．purify D．collect
15．A.returned B．learned C．failed D．continued
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述Molai在16岁时发现由于洪水的破坏，他的家乡鸟和蛇的数量减少，于是他开始寻求解决方法。发现种树可以解决问题后，他坚持种树多年，为动植物建造了一个家园。
1．C 解析：文章首句提到Molai在一个小村庄长大，结合语境可知，此处表示一些湿地变成了他的第二个家(home)。
2．A 解析：根据上文提到的湿地和下文讲述的Molai为保护动物而种树可知，这里指的是在很小的年纪，他就知道了自然(nature)的重要性和美丽。
3．C 解析：根据下文表述的洪水发生了，鸟和蛇的数量都减少了可知，这里指的是他家周围发生了一些令人不安的(disturbing)事情。
4．D 解析：根据语境和空后的“it caused”可知，这里指的是洪水带来的破坏(damage)。
5．A 解析：空前提到鸟的数量减少了，空后提到蛇的数量也减少了，故此处用Besides(此外)。
6．B 解析：根据语境可知，这里指的是他意识到(realized)这是因为没有足够的树。
7．B 解析：根据下句中的“during the daytime”并结合常识可知，这里指的是没有足够的树去保护这些动物免受热(heat)的伤害。
8．D 解析：根据空前的“plant trees”及语境可知，解决方法是种树，以便于这些动物在白天可以寻求到庇护(shelter)。
9．C 解析：根据上文提到的解决方法是种树以及下文中的“for help but was told that nothing would grow there”可知，他向林业部门求助。forest“林区，森林”符合语境。
10．B 解析：根据空前的“Molai went looking on his own”以及空后的“a nearby island where he began to plant trees”可知，此处表示他发现了(discovered)一个附近的岛屿。
11．C 解析：根据下文中的“The water would then drip(滴落) on the plants below”及语境可知，这里指的是在旱季给小树浇水，故用Watering。
12．A 解析：根据空后的“for a lone boy”可知，对这个男孩来说，独自一个人在旱季给小树浇水是艰难的(tough)。
13．B 解析：根据下文中的“The water would then drip(滴落) on the plants below”可知，他是在每棵幼树的顶部(top)搭建竹台。
14．D 解析：根据空前的“where he placed earthen pots with small holes”和空后的“rainwater”以及“The water”可知，这里指用陶罐收集(collect)雨水。
15．D 解析：根据空后的“to plant trees for the next 37 years”以及下文可知，他是在接下来的37年中继续(continued)种树。
高考完形填空解题技巧
年份 卷别 体裁 情境 题目类型
名词 动词 形容词 副词 介词 连词 感叹词 习语
2021 新课标全国Ⅰ卷 记叙文 在烘焙厂做临时工 4 9 2 0 0 0 0 0
全国甲卷 记叙文 带辣香肠住酒店 4 10 4 1 0 0 0 1
全国乙卷 记叙文 女病人向医护人员致谢 6 10 1 2 0 0 1 0
2022 全国甲卷 记叙文 一个人对狗的态度 9 6 3 1 1 0 0 0
全国乙卷 说明文 实验证明孩子们捉迷藏时，遮住自己的眼睛是孩子们坚持相互承认和尊重 7 7 4 2 0 0 0 0
新课标全国Ⅰ卷 记叙文 露营得到陌生人帮助 5 5 3 1 1 0 0 0
新课标全国Ⅱ卷 记叙文 介绍当看房人来环球旅行 6 4 4 1 0 0 0 0
2023 全国甲卷 记叙文 邻居送来奇形怪状的西红柿和包装老旧的红酒故事 4 8 7 0 1 0 0 0
全国乙卷 记叙文 Gabby体操运动员奥运夺冠的励志故事 2 12 4 2 1 0 0 0
新课标全国Ⅰ卷 夹叙夹议 Bailey帮助受伤选手而延迟比赛 7 5 3 0 0 0 0 0
新课标全国Ⅱ卷 记叙文 帮助运狗，使这个家庭得以团聚 3 7 4 1 0 0 0 0
1.命题分析：
1.设题规律
以动词、名词为主，其次是形容词、副词。着重考查考生的词汇运用能力、阅读理解能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力。
2.选材特点
主题语境包括人与自我、人与自然和人与社会，选材原汁原味，语言地道，充满正能量，倡导至真至善至美的价值观，在具体语境中考查英语核心素养。
3.命题规律：以记叙文和夹叙夹议为主，说明文和议论文为辅
2.解题步骤
1.要快速通读全文，了解文章大意，正确分析、归纳文章主旨。
2.在理解文章大意基础上，对每道题所给的词语进行剖析，考虑语境，上下呼应，运用逻辑思维进行推理，再根据自己最有把握的、最熟悉的短语、习惯用语、动词形式和句子结构等，先完成简单的，把难的留在后面。
3.再细读全文，集中精力解决难点，填补空缺。
4.答题完毕，遵循由整体到局部、由局部到整体的规律，再耐心通读全文，认真复查所选答案是否得当，语法是否正确，逻辑推理是否合理。
3.解题技巧
1.词汇复现
（1）原词复现
（2）近义词
（3）反义词
原词复现
1.(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our 41memories are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 42 along Chalk Creek.
42．A．camped B．drove C．walked D．cycled
解析：根据第一段I have had wonderful camping experiences 可知，作者讲述的是自己其中的一次露营经历，所以选A。
近义词
2.(2021·浙江卷6月)
My mother is 92.Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her __36__ and visit the doctor, providing __37__ and transportation. During the week, however, she likes to go to a nearby store to __38__ some small things she needs.
解析：根据原文she likes to go to a nearby store to可知，母亲喜欢去附近商店买她喜欢的小东西。所以选D.
反义词
3.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Our __48_roles_ in the factory were simple：Place cakes on a moving belt. Attach icing(糖霜) ears. Apply icing eyes and nose. __49_Remove_ bunny from the belt. This was __50__ than it sounds. __51_Slow down_ a bit and the cakes pile up.
50．A.harder B．better C．longer D．cheaper
解析：Our __48_roles_ in the factory were simple说烘焙店的工作很简单，后面Our __48_roles_ in the factory were simple说慢一点就会堆一起，，由此可以推断实际操作起来要难，因此选A。（反义词）
2.逻辑关系
1）并列关系
2）转折关系
3）对比关系
4）因果关系
5）递进关系
并列关系
1.(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)He was 44 and his crying let the whole campground
know it.
44．A．unhurt B．unfortunate
C．uncomfortable D．unafraid
解析：由and 可知前后是并列关系，后面是他得哭声可知前面是不舒服，所以选 C.
转折关系
2.(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 47 ， but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 48 our peaceful morning trip. The 49 picked up and thunder rolled.
48．A．arranged B．interrupted
C．completed D．recorded
解析：one指代storm，根据but 可知前后构成转折关系。前面说出发时天气晴朗，后面是暴风雨来临，所以选B interrupt 打断了我们平静的清晨之旅。
对比关系
3.(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)his crying let the whole campground know it. So 45 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him.
45．A．due to B．instead of
C．apart from D．as for
解析：由原文前面his crying let the whole campground know it可知，他的哭声让所有的人·都听到，所以不能再用绳子束缚他，所以就是对比，代替用绳子舒服，我仔细看管他。
因果关系
解析：根据上文内容可知，Burchill要去见朋友，朋友要求他带一些辣香肠过来。所以此处应表示他装了满满一箱的辣香肠。fill“使充满，装满”符合语境，故选A。
递进关系
(2020·新高考山东卷)When he was 16, Molai began to notice something __3__ happening around his home.A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the __4__ it caused had driven away a number of birds. __5__， the number of snakes had declined as well.
5．A.Besides B．However
C．Therefore D．Otherwise
解析：此处描述了洪水给Molai的家乡带来了影响，大量鸟类飞走了，蛇的数量也减少了。前后构成递进关系，所以选A’ 此外，而且。
3.上下文语境
(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 52 ， a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back.
52．A．patiently B．tirelessly
C．doubtfully D．helplessly
解析：根据We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor可知，船发动不了，所以只能无助等待救援。所以选 D.
4.背景常识
(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)My best friend Betsy's father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, __41_made_ little bunny(兔子) cakes for all its __42__ throughout Cleveland.
42．A.stores B．families
C．schools D．citizens
解析：根据本句的逻辑关系，its的逻辑主语Hough Bakeries是一家烘焙工厂的名字，根据常识可知，烘焙工厂要向它的门店供货。A项意为“商店”，故A项正确。
5.情感态度
(2021·全国甲卷)“I have__55_matured_ and I admit responsibility for my __56actions__，” he said in the letter. “I come to you, __57_hat in hands_， to apologize for the damage I had __58_indirectly_ caused and to ask you to __59__ my lifetime ban from the hotel.
59．A.replace B．remember
C．reconsider D．renew
解析：根据上文内容可知，Burchill因为一时的疏忽给酒店造成了严重的影响，所以被列入了黑名单。后来他写信给酒店道歉。故空处所在句是说，他请求酒店重新考虑一下自己终身被禁的事情。reconsider“重新考虑”符合语境，故选C。
6.固定搭配
“I have__55_matured_ and I admit responsibility for my __56actions__，” he said in the letter. “I come to you, __57__， to apologize for the damage I had __58_indirectly_ caused
57．A.hands in pockets B．nose in the air
C．hat in hand D．feet on the ground
解析：根据上下文的内容可知，空处所在句应是说“我”真诚地为“我”造成的损失表示歉意。hat in hand“毕恭毕敬地”符合语境，故选C。 hands in pockets“手插兜”；nose in the air“目中无人”；feet on the ground“脚踏实地”
小结：六大解题法
1）词语复现
2）逻辑关系
3）上下文语境
4）背景知识
5）情感态度
6）固定搭配
实战演练
(2020·新高考山东卷)Molai grew up in a tiny village in India.The village lay near some wetlands which became his second __1__．He learned the value and beauty of __2__ there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something __3__ happening around his home.A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the __4__ it caused had driven away a number of birds. __5__， the number of snakes had declined as well.He __6__ that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the __7__．The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek __8__ during the daytime.He turned to the __9__ department for help but was told that nothing would grow there.However, Molai went looking on his own and __10__ a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
_11__ young plants in the dry season was __12__ for a lone boy.Molai built at the __13__ of each sapling (幼树) a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to __14__ rainwater.The water would then drip (滴落) on the plants below.
Molai __15__ to plant trees for the next 37 years.His efforts have resulted in 1，360 acres of naturally grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
1．A.dream B．job C．home D．choice
2．A.nature B．youth C．culture D．knowledge
3．A.precious B．interesting C．disturbing D．awkward
4．A.waste B．tension C．pain D．damage
5．A.Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Otherwise
6．A.agreed B．realized C．remembered D．predicted
7．A.noise B．heat C．disease D．dust
8．A.directions B．partners C．help D．shelter
9．A.labor B．police C．forest D．finance
10．A.rebuilt B．discovered C．left D．managed
11．A.Decorating B．Observing C．Watering D．Guarding
12．A.tough B．illegal C．fantastic D．beneficial
13．A.back B．top C．foot D．side
14．A.cool down B．keep off C．purify D．collect
15．A.returned B．learned C．failed D．continued
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述Molai在16岁时发现由于洪水的破坏，他的家乡鸟和蛇的数量减少，于是他开始寻求解决方法。发现种树可以解决问题后，他坚持种树多年，为动植物建造了一个家园。
1．C 解析：文章首句提到Molai在一个小村庄长大，结合语境可知，此处表示一些湿地变成了他的第二个家(home)。
2．A 解析：根据上文提到的湿地和下文讲述的Molai为保护动物而种树可知，这里指的是在很小的年纪，他就知道了自然(nature)的重要性和美丽。
3．C 解析：根据下文表述的洪水发生了，鸟和蛇的数量都减少了可知，这里指的是他家周围发生了一些令人不安的(disturbing)事情。
4．D 解析：根据语境和空后的“it caused”可知，这里指的是洪水带来的破坏(damage)。
5．A 解析：空前提到鸟的数量减少了，空后提到蛇的数量也减少了，故此处用Besides(此外)。
6．B 解析：根据语境可知，这里指的是他意识到(realized)这是因为没有足够的树。
7．B 解析：根据下句中的“during the daytime”并结合常识可知，这里指的是没有足够的树去保护这些动物免受热(heat)的伤害。
8．D 解析：根据空前的“plant trees”及语境可知，解决方法是种树，以便于这些动物在白天可以寻求到庇护(shelter)。
9．C 解析：根据上文提到的解决方法是种树以及下文中的“for help but was told that nothing would grow there”可知，他向林业部门求助。forest“林区，森林”符合语境。
10．B 解析：根据空前的“Molai went looking on his own”以及空后的“a nearby island where he began to plant trees”可知，此处表示他发现了(discovered)一个附近的岛屿。
11．C 解析：根据下文中的“The water would then drip(滴落) on the plants below”及语境可知，这里指的是在旱季给小树浇水，故用Watering。
12．A 解析：根据空后的“for a lone boy”可知，对这个男孩来说，独自一个人在旱季给小树浇水是艰难的(tough)。
13．B 解析：根据下文中的“The water would then drip(滴落) on the plants below”可知，他是在每棵幼树的顶部(top)搭建竹台。
14．D 解析：根据空前的“where he placed earthen pots with small holes”和空后的“rainwater”以及“The water”可知，这里指用陶罐收集(collect)雨水。
15．D 解析：根据空后的“to plant trees for the next 37 years”以及下文可知，他是在接下来的37年中继续(continued)种树。