04 语法填空解题指导【2024年新高考英语三轮冲刺题型突破】（学生版+教师版）

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04 语法填空解题指导【2024年新高考英语三轮冲刺题型突破】
从体裁的选择上看，新高考I卷对说明文情有独钟，新高考II卷则对记叙文青睐有加。语篇取材丰富多彩，反映社会关注，体现文化特色。三年新高考I卷话题涉及中国美食、生态文明和自然美景(介绍中国美食——小笼包<2023新高考I卷>；建立大熊猫国家公园的计划<2022新高考I卷>；介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物——云海，温泉以及台阶<2021新高考I卷>)。再读真题的具体内容，我们不难发现：
1.有提示词与无提示词占比有7：3的、也有6：4的。6：4的难度稍大；
2.有提示词的考查有三个必考点：动词(谓语动词和非谓语动词)、形容词/副词以及名词；代词和比较等级偶尔考查。无提示词有三个常考点，分别为连接词(包括并列连词和从句引导词)、冠词和介词；关系代词偶尔考查；
3.2023年新高考I卷语法填空的命题一反常态，把对非谓语动词的考查放在了特别重要的地位(共4题)，其中所传递出的信息要引起高三师生的足够重视。
一、有提示词填空题考点解读
有提示词填空题的考点通常涉及到到动词、名词、代词、形容词及副词。
考点总览
考点详解
一、提示词为动词的具体考点
(一)对谓语动词的考查
1.常考的六种谓语动词的时态：一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、一般现在时、现在完成时以及
将来进行时；
2.常考的四种相应时态的被动语态：一般现在时的被动语态、一般过去时的被动语态、现在进行时的被
动语态以及现在完成时的被动语态；
3.主谓一致常常融合时态和语态进行考查：一般现在时中的主谓一致、现在完成时中的主谓一致以及
被动语态中的主谓一致；
4.可涉及到对祈使句的考查。例如：
(节选自2016·课标II卷)It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 50 (make)sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
【答案】make
【解析】考查祈使句。本句中动词短语make sure放在句首，构成祈使句。句意：要保证它是让你释放压力，而不是让你担忧的事。
(二)对非谓语动词的考查
1.从在句中所作成分看，高考语法填空题主要涉及：非谓语动词作主语、状语、定语、宾语、宾语补足
语以及独立成分(包括插入语)等；
2.从具体考点看，高考语法填空题主要涉及：一是甄别用哪一种非谓语动词，是用不定式、分词(现在
分词和过去分词)、还是用v-ing动名词；二是甄别用动词不定式、现在分词以及v-ing动名词的哪一
种恰当形式：①动词不定式一般式的主动和被动式、进行式和完成式的正确运用； ②现在分词被动
式和完成式的正确运用、现在分词与过去分词作表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语的区别以及分词在
with复合结构及独立主格结构中的运用； ③介词后接v-ing动名词、常见接v-ing动名词作宾语的动
词、含v-ing动名词的常见固定句型，尤其是v-ing动名词被动式和完成式的正确运用以及复合结构
的正确识别。
(三)对动词派生词的考查
动词转换成名词(可数名词还要注意单复数的情况)、转换成形容词、转换成反义词等。
二、提示词为名词的具体考点
名词的派生包括：转换成动词、转换成形容词、转换成反义词。
提示词为代词的具体考点
人称代词涉及到主格向宾格、向形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词的转换。
四、提示词为形容词/副词的具体考点
形容词的派生包括：转换成名词、转换成副词、转换成反义词等。特别要注意由分词转换而来的
形容词变成副词的问题(如：undoubtedly, tiredly, surprisingly等)。另外要特别记住形容词(短语)是可
以作状语的。
五、提示词为基数词的具体考点(上述树状图中没有列出)
基数数词转换为序数词。
二、无提示词填空题考点解读
无提示词填空题的考点通常涉及到到代词、介词、冠词、并列连词，从属连词以及其他语境填词等。
考点总览
考点详解
一、对代词的考查
1.it代词的用法：指代上文事物，形式主语，形式宾语，强调句型以及动词短语中的it(get it, make it等)；
2.人称代词和代词(如：that, one, those等)的指代；
3.物主代词：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词；
4.反身代词作宾语(宾语与主语为同一人或物)，尤其是动词短语中的反身代词；
5.习语中的不定代词。
二、对介词的考查
对搭配中的介词的考查。主要指：介词短语中的介词、动词短语中的介词、形容词短语中的介词等；
还有with复合结构中的with。
三、对冠词的考查
冠词的特指或泛指；固定搭配中的冠词。
四、对关联词/并列连词的考查
1.对名词从句连词(从属连词、连接代词和连接副词)的考查；
2.对状语从句连词的考查(对连接词的考查)；
3.对定语从句关系词(关系代词和关系副词)的考查；
4.对特殊疑问词+不定式中的疑问词的考查。
5.对并列句连词以及各种固定句式(包括祈使句)中连词的考查；
五、对副词的考查(上述树状图中没有列出)
表示上下文逻辑关系的副词(短语)，尽管其不是用来连接主从复合句的，但可以将其归类为表示上下文
逻辑关系的连接副词。固定搭配特别是动词短语 中的副词。
六、对其他语境填词的考查
1.倒装句也包括省略if的虚拟条件句；对构成倒装句的助动词的考查；
2.对强调句型中的it和that的考查；对对强调谓语动词的do, does, did的考查；
3.固定搭配或句型是指：as ... as possible, more than, on/upon doing sth., would ... rather than, it was doing ... when ...等等类似的结构。
以上就高考英语语法填空题的考点作了详细的探究，看起来多而杂，但归纳一下就是，在考查考生对语篇和语义理解的过程中考查以下三大考点：一是词法上的考点：对虚词冠词、介词的考查、对固定短语/搭配中的介词或副词的考查以及对实词的词性或词形转换的考查；二是句法上的考点：对三大从句、连词以及特殊句式的考查；三是(狭义上的)语法上的考点：对谓语动词的时态、语态以及非谓语动词等的考查。
解题步骤
第一步：通览全文，把握主旨，做好铺垫
跳过空格通览全文的目的是把握好文章的主旨，为下一步“填空”做好“语义”上的铺垫。在通览全文的过程中，为较好地把握其大意，有必要弄清该文的体裁、题材、写作主线、段落层次以及段落大意等。
第二步：借助句法，弄清句意，确定词形
根据短文所提供的特定语境，借助句法知识，辨别句子成分，确定空格处由提示词转换(变性、变形)而来的正确词性。或者借助句子本身的含义、句子的结构和上下文逻辑关系确定空格处所填词的词形。
第三步：带入答案，再读全文，查证纠错
搞定答案后，将答案带入原文，然后再读全文，以便查证纠错：核实所填词是否符合文意，有错必究。特别要注意语意是否连贯、固定搭配运用是否恰当、书写是否规范(包括首字母大写)、拼写是否正确等。
解题技巧
一、利用空格后的提示词或中心词解冠词题
语法填空对冠词的考查都是无提示词填空，因此考生要利用空格后的提示词或中心词来解题。
1.空格后有明显的提示词(如：可数名词、不可数名词、序数词、形容词的最高级等等)的，考生就要考虑
根据语法规则填相应的冠词。
2.空格后有明显的中心词(名词)，但有后置定语(如：名词+of等介词短语、名词+定语从句、名词+不定式
短语或分词短语等等)的，考生就要考虑根据语法规则填定冠词(有时根据语境也有可能填不定冠词)。
3.空格后有明显的中心词，但是却不能运用语法规则去推断是填不定冠词，还是填定冠词。此类情况实际
就是对各种各样的短语中的冠词进行考查。考生需要熟记相关的短语，否则就只好去碰碰运气而已。
特别提醒：考生务必要注意是填a，还是填an、首字母是否要大小写的问题。
1.(2023新高考Ⅰ卷)The meat should be fresh with ___63___ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and
delicious.
2.(2023新高考Ⅱ卷)Not the pandas, even though ___59___ language used for the medical training instructions is
actually English.
3.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷)Covering an area about three times ___57___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP
will be one of the first national parks in the country.
4.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷) ___57___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toront.
5.(2022全国甲卷)___64___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. .
6.(2021新高考Ⅰ卷)While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ___64___ must to visit!
7.(2021全国甲卷)It took us about 3 hours to go all ___68___ way around the Xi'an City Wall.
8.(2021全国乙卷)Due to ___65___ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various
types ___66___ trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
二、分析空格后的中心词具体功能解介词题
语法填空对介词的考查都是无提示词填空，因此分析空格后的中心词具体功能来解题。
1.根据中心词的功能确定是否填介词
当空格后的中心词(名词或动名词)既不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语时，这些中心词就是作介词的宾语，应该考虑填介词。
2.根据介词用法或搭配确定填何介词
要根据介词的基本用法、特殊用法或是搭配(动词与介词的搭配，形容词/过去分词与介词的搭配，介词与后面名词的搭配)等来确定具体填哪个介词。
1.(2023新高考Ⅰ卷)There you will find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup, and the
wrappers are pressed ___60___ hand rather than rolled..
2.(2023全国甲卷)She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take
responsibility ___68___ saving their environment.
3.(2023全国乙卷)From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong ___61___ royal palaces, it is home to more
than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully built system of
ring roads.
4.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷)Giant pandas also serve ___64___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of
plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. .
5.(2022全国甲卷)Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He
flew 4, 700 kilometers ___69___ Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
6.(2021新高考ⅠI卷)A company representative wrote back and told me the airline was switching over ___65___
plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
7.(2021全国甲卷)It was built originally to protect the city ___62___ the Tang dynasty and has now been
completely restored(修复).
三、看提示词的词性细分析确定考向后完形
在高考语法填空中，对词性/形转换的考查是有提示词题型的考点之一。其解题需要注意的是：首先判断所给提示的词性，其次瞻前顾后(空格前后)细分析，确定考向(把提示词转换成哪一种词性)，最后完形(写出单词的恰当形式)。
提示词词性 瞻前顾后(空格前后)细分析 定考向
形容词 前有冠词、形容词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格，被其限定 提示词的名词
前或后有动词(作其主语或作其宾语) 提示词的名词
前有介词 提示词的名词
前后语境表示比较 提示词的比较级或最高级
倍数表达 提示词的名词
空格处于句首，后面且有逗号，修饰整个句子作状语 提示词的副词
空格处于作句子谓语的位置或动词不定式to的后面 提示词的动词
根据语境 提示词的反义词
名词 前有表示复数概念的词或根据语境 提示词的复数形式
后面跟着名词或代词以及作表语时 提示词的形容词
动词 前有联系动词，作其表语 提示词的(充当形容词的)现在分词过去分词
后有名词，作其定语 提示词的(充当形容词的)现在分词过去分词
空格前有限定词(形容词性物主代词、形容词、冠词、指示代词等)，被其限定 提示词的名词
根据语境 提示词的反义词
基数词 in one’s ...介词短语中 提示词的复数形式
表示不定数目 提示词的复数形式
根据语境 提示词的序数词
人称代词(主格或宾格) 前面有动词或介词，作其宾语 提示词的宾格代词、反身代词、名词性物主代词
后面有名词，修饰名词，作其定语 提示词的形容词性物主代词
作主语 提示词的主格代词、名词性物主代词
作表语 提示词的主格代词、宾格代词、名词性物主代词
短语中 提示词的反身代词、形容词物主代词
注意：高考语法填空对代词的考查也有可能是以无提示词的形式命题的，一般考查it的用法(参看后续的有关专题)，代词的指代等等。
一、词性转换
1.(2023新高考Ⅰ卷)Xiao long bao(soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ___56___(taste)soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.
2.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Shanghai may be the ___59___(recognize)home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao’s birthplace.
3.(2023新高考Ⅰ卷)No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ___64___(rare)enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time.
4.(2023新高考Ⅱ卷)Since June 2017, right before the ___56___(arrive)of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___57___(confidence)
speaking English.
5.(2023新高考Ⅱ卷)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___60____(visit)Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
6.(2023新高考Ⅱ卷)So, what are they learning ___63___(basic), how to describe a panda's life.
7.(2023全国甲卷)___67___(difference)from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.
8.(2023全国甲卷)The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty ___69___(warn)about environmental destruction.
9.(2023全国乙卷)The ___69___(remark)development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
10.(2024浙江1月卷)Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the ___50___(criticize)that they lead to waste.
11.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷)... and ___63___(eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
12.(2022新高考ⅠI卷)They both fell ___58___(sleep)while watching TV.
13.(2022新高考ⅠI卷)When he looked down, he ___40___(accidental)slipped and fell over the edge.
14.(2022全国甲卷)Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___65___(protect).
15.(2022全国甲卷)Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___66___(meaning).
16.(2022全国乙卷)..., China has a ___65___(responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
17.(2021新高考Ⅰ卷)It will ___58___(undoubted)help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the hotter the spring! Strange, isn’t it
18.(2021新高考Ⅰ卷)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ___63___(ache)legs.
19.(2021新高考ⅠI卷)I told him how ___61___(harm)plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options.
20.(2021新高考ⅠI卷)I was so___62___(excite)when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.
21.(2021新高考ⅠI卷)A company ___64___(represent)wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1, 200 daily flights.
22.(2021全国甲卷)... or just to watch the local people going about their ___50___(day)routines.
23.(2021全国乙卷)It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___61___(educate)about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ___62___(develop)of the local areas.
24.(2021全国乙卷)·Provide ___68___(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples.
二、词形转换
1.(2023新高考Ⅱ卷)They also need to be ready to give ___61___(interview)in English with international
journalists.
2.(2023全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place which welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ___64___(wonder)standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
3.(2023新高考Ⅰ卷)The best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of ___62___(they)contents.
4.(2023全国甲卷)Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the ___62___(six)century, B. C.
5.(2024浙江1月卷)Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ___65___(one)may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.
6.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___62___(population)and
homes of giant pandas, ...
7.(2022新高考ⅠI卷)“He saved my ___64___(son)life,” said Mrs. Brown.
8.(2022全国甲卷)... and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___(high)mountain.
9.(2022全国乙卷)“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___64___(large)tea-producing country, ...
10.(2022全国乙卷)The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled(揭幕)at the ceremony, opening ____70____(it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
11.(2021新高考Ⅰ卷)The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ___57___(human)are.
12.(2021新高考Ⅰ卷)It sure does in ___64___(I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit!
13.(2023全国甲卷)Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the ___62___(six)century, B. C.
14.(2021新高考ⅠI卷)I've always loved the ocean. In the ___56___(seven)grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California.
15.(2021全国甲卷)... we decided it was time for some action and what ___45___(good)than to ride on a piece of history!
16.(2021全国甲卷)Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___(watchtower)to fake pictures ...
17.(2021全国乙卷)Ecotourism has ___63___(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.
四、提示词为动词，通过一“定”三“思”解“动词”题
首先是“一定”：分析句子结构，定夺空格处是否作谓语；
其次是“三思”：如果作谓语，就需要思考恰当的时态和语态、主谓一致及虚拟语气；如果不作谓语，就需要思考是否填非谓语动词(填空所在句中已经有谓语并且没有连词时，应填非谓语。填非谓语动词就需要思考是填不定式<有式的变化>、动词-ing形式<有式的变化>还是过去分词)；如果既不作谓语成分，又不是非谓语动词，就需要思考是否为词类转换(包括现在分词、过去分词转换而成的形容词)，并根据上下文语境确定词类转换的类型(参看上述词性/形转换)。
(一)依“线索”，定时态
1.依据上下文中明确的时间状语或时间标志词来定时态；
2.依据语境，挖掘其隐含信息，弄清时间的先后顺序，确定动作是发生在过去、现在还是将来，进而定时态；
3依据固定句型确定所要用的时态。
(二)托“关系”，定语态
依托主语和谓语之间的逻辑关系确定动词的语态。被动语态中的主谓部分除了明显的被动关系外，还有特殊用法，如主动形式表被动含义。
(三)析“主语”，定“一致”
分析填空所在句的主语是什么，甄别这个主语所表示的意义是单数还是复数，依据三大原则定主谓一致。
(四)寻“主语”，定功能
这里的“主语”不是指语法意义上的主语，而是指逻辑意义上的主语，即填空处所要填的非谓语动词的逻辑主语。根据这个逻辑主语与所要填的非谓语动词之间的关系来定所要填的非谓语动词在句中的功能。
1.如果填空处所要填的非谓语动词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，一般考查非谓语动词作状语、表语(尤
其是习惯搭配中的现在分词或过去分词)或宾语(动词不定式或动名词<包括作介词宾语的动名词>)；
2.如果填空处所要填的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被其所修饰的名词或代词，一般考查非谓语动词作定语；
3.如果填空处所要填的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是作宾语的名词或代词，一般考查非谓语动词作宾补；
4.如果填空处所要填的非谓语动词的逻辑主语要通过句意来判断，一般考查非谓语动词主语或宾语。
(五)析“关系”，定语态
分析填空处所要填的非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间的关系确定所要填的非谓语动词语态(是主动的还是被动的)。
(六)依“时间”，定形式
依据填空处所要填的非谓语动词自带的时间状语或是根据填空处所要填的非谓语动词与谓语动词所表示的动作的先后关系来正确形式。
另外特别提醒的是：
1.注意现在分词与过去分词的拼写形式要正确；
2.注意非谓语动词用法的特殊情况。如：主动形式表被动的情况，常见的已经成为固定用法的非谓语动词(短语)等；
3.警惕陷阱题，防止知识负迁移情况的发生：看似熟悉的句子结构，进而用规则去套就会套出错误来。对此类题目考生一定要厘清句子结构再解题。
①The email she had looked forward to ________(arrive)the other day at last.
②The pollution is getting worse and worse; we must stop pollution ________(live)a better life.
③That is the only way we can imagine ________(reduce)the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.
1.(2024年浙江1月卷)However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ___61___(offer)in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day.
2.(2023·新高考II卷)As a little girl, I ___65___(wish)to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
3.(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down through the ages can still ___70___(employ)today to draw attention to important truths.
4.(2023·全国乙卷)The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, ___70___(mean)there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
5.(2022·新高考II卷)Henry ___62___(fix)his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
6.(2022·新高考II卷)He quickly ___63___(throw)his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
7.(2022·全国甲卷)In the last five years. Cao ___67___(walk)through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
8.(2022·全国乙卷)The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___63___(address)the opening
ceremony.
9.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it ___61___(be)for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
10.(2021·全国甲卷)It ___61___(build)originally to protect the city during the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复).
11.(2021·全国甲卷)We ___66___(hire)our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.
12.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP ___60___(design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity
and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer
zones, ...
13.(2021·新高考II卷)One of the biggest companies I wrote to ___63____(be)Alaska Airlines Paris.
14.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___58___(be)
previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___59___(increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
15.(2024年浙江1月卷)If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets ___62___(start)selling chicken or salad in packs ___63___(design)with two halves containing separate portions(份).
16.(2023·全国乙卷)___66___(visit)several times over the last 10 years, I ___67___(amaze)by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产)while constantly growing.
17.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)To eat one, you have to decide whether ___57___(bite)a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
18.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ___61___(lift)out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.
19.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left ___65___(want)more next time.
20.(2024年浙江1月卷)However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ___56___(benefit)from price reductions doesn’t make sense.
21.(2023·全国甲卷)For thousands of years, people have told fables(寓言)___61___(teach)a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
22.(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___65___(borrow)some familiar words from many age-old fables.Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___66___(intend)for everyone.
23.(2023·全国乙卷)From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ___62___(build)
system of ring roads.
24.(2023·全国乙卷)As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ___68___ (record)everything I discovered.
25.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)___56___(cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
26.(2022·新高考II卷)Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony(阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___56___(fall)child.
27.(2022·新高考II卷)Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___59___(see)them.
28.(2022·全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步)40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___61___(journey)the Belt and Road route(路线)by foot.
29.(2022·全国甲卷)Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, ___70___(plan)to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
30.(2022·全国乙卷)It can help to build a community with a ___66___(share)future for mankind,” he said.
31.(2022·全国乙卷)___68___(strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___69___(invite)twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
32.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the hotter the spring! Strange, isn’t it But that’s how nature is—always leaving us ___60___(astonish).
33.(2021·新高考II卷)I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ___57___(think)it is food.
34.(2021·新高考II卷)I decided to do something ___58___(educate)people about this problem.
35.(2021·全国甲卷)It is possible ___63___(walk)or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
36.(2021·全国甲卷)After ___64___(spend)some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
37.(2021·全国乙卷)Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___61___(educate)about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics and often provides money for conservation and benefits the development of the local areas.
38.(2021·全国乙卷)Minimize the impact of ___67___(visit)the place.
39.(2021·全国乙卷)Activities there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim ___70___(have)a low impact on the natural environment.
五、分析“句子结构、逻辑、关键词”，破解“无提示词”题
鉴于高考语法填空对三大从句、并列句及特殊句式的考查绝大多数是以无提示词形式命题的情况，考生解题时，需要抓住三条线索：一是理清句子结构；二是分析上下文逻辑关系；三是寻找上文或下文中的关键词。
1.理清句子的结构，确定从句类型，缺什么填什么(名词从句的连接词、定语从句的关系词以及状语从句的连接词)；
2.分析上下文逻辑，甄别具体关系，填上恰当连词(并列连词)；
3.上下寻找关键词，抓住成对关系，填上恰当连词(成对的连词)。
1.(2024·浙江1月卷)If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ___59___ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo(单独)customers out of pocket and disappointed.
2.(2023·新高考II卷)This is ___62___ they need an English trainer.
3.(2021·新高考I卷)___56___ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
4.(2024·浙江1月卷)Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way ___58___ will make them the most money.
5.(2023·全国甲卷)Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ___63___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
6.(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America, ___64___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.
7.(2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ___63___ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
8.(2022·新高考I卷)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ___65___ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
9.(2022·全国甲卷)On the 1,100 kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___62___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.
10.(2021·新高考II卷)I decided that if I learned of a company___59___ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
11.(2024·浙江1月卷)Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ___57___ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
12.(2023·新高考I卷)To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出), ___58___ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
13.(2022·新高考II卷)He hung on for a few minutes ___61___ screamed for his father, but his father didn’t hear him.
14.(2022·全国乙卷)The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued(发布)at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___67___ cultural exchanges.
15.(2021·新高考I卷)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ___62___offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.
16.(2023·全国乙卷)It is a distinct visual contrast(反差)that shouldn’t work, ___65___ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
17.(2021·全国甲卷)My bike was old and shaky ___47___ did the job.
18.(2022·新高考II卷)“He saved my son’s life, ”said Mrs. Brown. “I don’t know ___45___ to thank him.”
19.(2023·全国高三专题练)It is advised that one mustn’t go jogging very early in the morning; this is
the body temperature is lower and the bodily functions haven’t kicked in fully during this time.
20.(2023·全国高三专题练)Actually, girls can be they want to be just like boys, it is a pilot, an astronaut, or a manager .
21.(2024·全国高三校考专题练)I must thank my former class teacher, without help I wouldn’t have gone to university.
22.(2023·全国高三假期作业) is often the case, students tend to be more enthusiastic about classes in which they can participate and interact.
23.(2023·全国高三校考专题练)No matter hard it was snowing, the little sisters managed to round the sheep up and drive them back home safely.
24.(2023·全国高三专题练)Any offender shall be brought back and brought to justice even he/she may flee abroad.
25.(2023上·全国高三专题练)The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys at last it reaches the sea.
26.(2023上·黑龙江哈尔滨高三哈尔滨三中校考开学考试)Generous husband he might be, he was more than angry with his wife — she spent all their savings on a diamond necklace.
27.(2023·全国高三专题练)I didn’t see Peter enroute(在途中)but reunited back we started, both of us sheepish but pleased.
28.(2023上·黑龙江大庆高三大庆实验中学校考期中)I was concentrating on reading a novel I heard someone in the distance call my name.
29.(陕西省渭南市韩城市象山中学2023-2024学年高三上学期10月月考)You can either come to our club in room 202 on the first floor, building 5 _______ call us at 023-8555955.
30.(2023·上海高三专题练)Drug abuse has serious effects on individuals physically and mentally, the economic losses caused by drug abuse are great.
31.(湖南省邵阳市邵东创新实验学校2024届高三上学期第二次月考)It is a distinct visual contrast(反差)that shouldn’t work, somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
32.(湖北省宜荆荆恩四地市2022-2023学年高三上学期起点考试)If you are walking down the mountain in the dark, ________, you should always have headlamps with you, it will become too dangerous.
33.(2023上·内蒙古赤峰高三赤峰二中校考阶段练习)Could it have been the other day Tom saw Mary seated and dressing herself on the bed
34.(2023·上海高三专题练)Rarely people hear of the concept of semi-retirement in the past but now semi-retirement has become the routine among wealthier people in their 50s and 60s.
35.(广东省深圳市深圳中学2022-2023学年高二下学期期中)No sooner had she seen her parents she burst into tears, for they hadn’t met each other for nearly three years on account of the coronavirus pandemic.
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04 语法填空解题指导【2024年新高考英语三轮冲刺题型突破】
从体裁的选择上看，新高考I卷对说明文情有独钟，新高考II卷则对记叙文青睐有加。语篇取材丰富多彩，反映社会关注，体现文化特色。三年新高考I卷话题涉及中国美食、生态文明和自然美景(介绍中国美食——小笼包<2023新高考I卷>；建立大熊猫国家公园的计划<2022新高考I卷>；介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物——云海，温泉以及台阶<2021新高考I卷>)。再读真题的具体内容，我们不难发现：
1.有提示词与无提示词占比有7：3的、也有6：4的。6：4的难度稍大；
2.有提示词的考查有三个必考点：动词(谓语动词和非谓语动词)、形容词/副词以及名词；代词和比较等级偶尔考查。无提示词有三个常考点，分别为连接词(包括并列连词和从句引导词)、冠词和介词；关系代词偶尔考查；
3.2023年新高考I卷语法填空的命题一反常态，把对非谓语动词的考查放在了特别重要的地位(共4题)，其中所传递出的信息要引起高三师生的足够重视。
一、有提示词填空题考点解读
有提示词填空题的考点通常涉及到到动词、名词、代词、形容词及副词。
考点总览
考点详解
一、提示词为动词的具体考点
(一)对谓语动词的考查
1.常考的六种谓语动词的时态：一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、一般现在时、现在完成时以及
将来进行时；
2.常考的四种相应时态的被动语态：一般现在时的被动语态、一般过去时的被动语态、现在进行时的被
动语态以及现在完成时的被动语态；
3.主谓一致常常融合时态和语态进行考查：一般现在时中的主谓一致、现在完成时中的主谓一致以及
被动语态中的主谓一致；
4.可涉及到对祈使句的考查。例如：
(节选自2016·课标II卷)It could be anything-gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is, 50 (make)sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
【答案】make
【解析】考查祈使句。本句中动词短语make sure放在句首，构成祈使句。句意：要保证它是让你释放压力，而不是让你担忧的事。
(二)对非谓语动词的考查
1.从在句中所作成分看，高考语法填空题主要涉及：非谓语动词作主语、状语、定语、宾语、宾语补足
语以及独立成分(包括插入语)等；
2.从具体考点看，高考语法填空题主要涉及：一是甄别用哪一种非谓语动词，是用不定式、分词(现在
分词和过去分词)、还是用v-ing动名词；二是甄别用动词不定式、现在分词以及v-ing动名词的哪一
种恰当形式：①动词不定式一般式的主动和被动式、进行式和完成式的正确运用； ②现在分词被动
式和完成式的正确运用、现在分词与过去分词作表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语的区别以及分词在
with复合结构及独立主格结构中的运用； ③介词后接v-ing动名词、常见接v-ing动名词作宾语的动
词、含v-ing动名词的常见固定句型，尤其是v-ing动名词被动式和完成式的正确运用以及复合结构
的正确识别。
(三)对动词派生词的考查
动词转换成名词(可数名词还要注意单复数的情况)、转换成形容词、转换成反义词等。
二、提示词为名词的具体考点
名词的派生包括：转换成动词、转换成形容词、转换成反义词。
提示词为代词的具体考点
人称代词涉及到主格向宾格、向形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词的转换。
四、提示词为形容词/副词的具体考点
形容词的派生包括：转换成名词、转换成副词、转换成反义词等。特别要注意由分词转换而来的
形容词变成副词的问题(如：undoubtedly, tiredly, surprisingly等)。另外要特别记住形容词(短语)是可
以作状语的。
五、提示词为基数词的具体考点(上述树状图中没有列出)
基数数词转换为序数词。
二、无提示词填空题考点解读
无提示词填空题的考点通常涉及到到代词、介词、冠词、并列连词，从属连词以及其他语境填词等。
考点总览
考点详解
一、对代词的考查
1.it代词的用法：指代上文事物，形式主语，形式宾语，强调句型以及动词短语中的it(get it, make it等)；
2.人称代词和代词(如：that, one, those等)的指代；
3.物主代词：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词；
4.反身代词作宾语(宾语与主语为同一人或物)，尤其是动词短语中的反身代词；
5.习语中的不定代词。
二、对介词的考查
对搭配中的介词的考查。主要指：介词短语中的介词、动词短语中的介词、形容词短语中的介词等；
还有with复合结构中的with。
三、对冠词的考查
冠词的特指或泛指；固定搭配中的冠词。
四、对关联词/并列连词的考查
1.对名词从句连词(从属连词、连接代词和连接副词)的考查；
2.对状语从句连词的考查(对连接词的考查)；
3.对定语从句关系词(关系代词和关系副词)的考查；
4.对特殊疑问词+不定式中的疑问词的考查。
5.对并列句连词以及各种固定句式(包括祈使句)中连词的考查；
五、对副词的考查(上述树状图中没有列出)
表示上下文逻辑关系的副词(短语)，尽管其不是用来连接主从复合句的，但可以将其归类为表示上下文
逻辑关系的连接副词。固定搭配特别是动词短语 中的副词。
六、对其他语境填词的考查
1.倒装句也包括省略if的虚拟条件句；对构成倒装句的助动词的考查；
2.对强调句型中的it和that的考查；对对强调谓语动词的do, does, did的考查；
3.固定搭配或句型是指：as ... as possible, more than, on/upon doing sth., would ... rather than, it was doing ... when ...等等类似的结构。
以上就高考英语语法填空题的考点作了详细的探究，看起来多而杂，但归纳一下就是，在考查考生对语篇和语义理解的过程中考查以下三大考点：一是词法上的考点：对虚词冠词、介词的考查、对固定短语/搭配中的介词或副词的考查以及对实词的词性或词形转换的考查；二是句法上的考点：对三大从句、连词以及特殊句式的考查；三是(狭义上的)语法上的考点：对谓语动词的时态、语态以及非谓语动词等的考查。
解题步骤
第一步：通览全文，把握主旨，做好铺垫
跳过空格通览全文的目的是把握好文章的主旨，为下一步“填空”做好“语义”上的铺垫。在通览全文的过程中，为较好地把握其大意，有必要弄清该文的体裁、题材、写作主线、段落层次以及段落大意等。
第二步：借助句法，弄清句意，确定词形
根据短文所提供的特定语境，借助句法知识，辨别句子成分，确定空格处由提示词转换(变性、变形)而来的正确词性。或者借助句子本身的含义、句子的结构和上下文逻辑关系确定空格处所填词的词形。
第三步：带入答案，再读全文，查证纠错
搞定答案后，将答案带入原文，然后再读全文，以便查证纠错：核实所填词是否符合文意，有错必究。特别要注意语意是否连贯、固定搭配运用是否恰当、书写是否规范(包括首字母大写)、拼写是否正确等。
解题技巧
一、利用空格后的提示词或中心词解冠词题
语法填空对冠词的考查都是无提示词填空，因此考生要利用空格后的提示词或中心词来解题。
1.空格后有明显的提示词(如：可数名词、不可数名词、序数词、形容词的最高级等等)的，考生就要考虑
根据语法规则填相应的冠词。
2.空格后有明显的中心词(名词)，但有后置定语(如：名词+of等介词短语、名词+定语从句、名词+不定式
短语或分词短语等等)的，考生就要考虑根据语法规则填定冠词(有时根据语境也有可能填不定冠词)。
3.空格后有明显的中心词，但是却不能运用语法规则去推断是填不定冠词，还是填定冠词。此类情况实际
就是对各种各样的短语中的冠词进行考查。考生需要熟记相关的短语，否则就只好去碰碰运气而已。
特别提醒：考生务必要注意是填a，还是填an、首字母是否要大小写的问题。
1.(2023新高考Ⅰ卷)The meat should be fresh with ___63___ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and
delicious.
63.【答案】a
【解析】考查固定搭配中的冠词。a touch of “一点点；少许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微，少许”常用作单数，故填a。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。
2.(2023新高考Ⅱ卷)Not the pandas, even though ___59___ language used for the medical training instructions is
actually English.
59.【答案】the
【解析】考查不定冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰，故填the。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。
3.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷)Covering an area about three times ___57___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP
will be one of the first national parks in the country.
56.【答案】the
【解析】考查不定冠词。分析句子可知，此处考查倍数表达法，即为：倍数+ the size of +比较对象，因此此处应填定冠词the，故填the。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。
4.(2022新高考Ⅱ卷) ___57___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toront.
57.【答案】The
【解析】考查不定冠词。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写，故填The。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。
5.(2022全国甲卷)___64___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. .
64.【答案】A
【解析】考查不定冠词。此处名词friend第一次出现，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，所以应用不定冠词表示泛指，且friend是以辅音音素开头的词，应用不定冠词，故填A。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。
6.(2021新高考Ⅰ卷)While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ___64___ must to visit!
64.【答案】a
【解析】考查不定冠词。must作名词时，意为“必须做的事”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，用不定冠词，故填a。句意：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。
7.(2021全国甲卷)It took us about 3 hours to go all ___68___ way around the Xi'an City Wall.
68.【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直，完全地”可知短语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。
8.(2021全国乙卷)Due to ___65___ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various
types ___66___ trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
65.【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。结合语意，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，空处应用定冠词the表示特指，故填the。
66.【答案】of
【解析】考查介词。various types of 为固定搭配，表示“各种各样的”，所以空处应填介词of，故填of。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。
二、分析空格后的中心词具体功能解介词题
语法填空对介词的考查都是无提示词填空，因此分析空格后的中心词具体功能来解题。
1.根据中心词的功能确定是否填介词
当空格后的中心词(名词或动名词)既不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语时，这些中心词就是作介词的宾语，应该考虑填介词。
2.根据介词用法或搭配确定填何介词
要根据介词的基本用法、特殊用法或是搭配(动词与介词的搭配，形容词/过去分词与介词的搭配，介词与后面名词的搭配)等来确定具体填哪个介词。
1.(2023新高考Ⅰ卷)There you will find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup, and the
wrappers are pressed ___60___ hand rather than rolled..
60.【答案】by
【解析】考查介词短语中的介词。分析句子结构可知，空格后面是名词“hand”，故推断要填介词与其构成介词短语，by hand“用手”是介词短语(固定搭配)，故填by。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。
2.(2023全国甲卷)She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take
responsibility ___68___ saving their environment.
68.【答案】for
【解析】考查动词短语中的介词。句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility for对……负责，故填for。
3.(2023全国乙卷)From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong ___61___ royal palaces, it is home to more
than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully built system of
ring roads.
61【答案】to
【解析】考查介词。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples to museums”可知，空处和上文保持一致，表示“从……到……”，故填to。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它拥有3000多年的辉煌历史，甚至从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。
4.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷)Giant pandas also serve ___64___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of
plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. .
64.【答案】as
【解析】考查动词短语中的介词。动词短语serve as“充当”，故填as。句意：大熊猫还扮演着伞护种的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。
5.(2022全国甲卷)Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He
flew 4, 700 kilometers ___69___ Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
69.【答案】from
【解析】考查介词短语中的介词。此处表示“从西安到喀什”，from … to …表示“从……到……”，故填from。考查介词。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。
6.(2021新高考ⅠI卷)A company representative wrote back and told me the airline was switching over ___65___
plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
65.【答案】to
【解析】考查介词短语中的介词。from … to …表示“从……到……”，故填from。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班从塑料杯换成纸杯。
7.(2021全国甲卷)It was built originally to protect the city ___62___ the Tang dynasty and has now been
completely restored(修复).
62.【答案】in/during
【解析】考查介词。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知，表示“在某个朝代”可用介词in/during，故填in/during。
三、看提示词的词性细分析确定考向后完形
在高考语法填空中，对词性/形转换的考查是有提示词题型的考点之一。其解题需要注意的是：首先判断所给提示的词性，其次瞻前顾后(空格前后)细分析，确定考向(把提示词转换成哪一种词性)，最后完形(写出单词的恰当形式)。
提示词词性 瞻前顾后(空格前后)细分析 定考向
形容词 前有冠词、形容词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格，被其限定 提示词的名词
前或后有动词(作其主语或作其宾语) 提示词的名词
前有介词 提示词的名词
前后语境表示比较 提示词的比较级或最高级
倍数表达 提示词的名词
空格处于句首，后面且有逗号，修饰整个句子作状语 提示词的副词
空格处于作句子谓语的位置或动词不定式to的后面 提示词的动词
根据语境 提示词的反义词
名词 前有表示复数概念的词或根据语境 提示词的复数形式
后面跟着名词或代词以及作表语时 提示词的形容词
动词 前有联系动词，作其表语 提示词的(充当形容词的)现在分词过去分词
后有名词，作其定语 提示词的(充当形容词的)现在分词过去分词
空格前有限定词(形容词性物主代词、形容词、冠词、指示代词等)，被其限定 提示词的名词
根据语境 提示词的反义词
基数词 in one’s ...介词短语中 提示词的复数形式
表示不定数目 提示词的复数形式
根据语境 提示词的序数词
人称代词(主格或宾格) 前面有动词或介词，作其宾语 提示词的宾格代词、反身代词、名词性物主代词
后面有名词，修饰名词，作其定语 提示词的形容词性物主代词
作主语 提示词的主格代词、名词性物主代词
作表语 提示词的主格代词、宾格代词、名词性物主代词
短语中 提示词的反身代词、形容词物主代词
注意：高考语法填空对代词的考查也有可能是以无提示词的形式命题的，一般考查it的用法(参看后续的有关专题)，代词的指代等等。
一、词性转换
1.(2023新高考Ⅰ卷)Xiao long bao(soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ___56___(taste)soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.
56.【答案】tasty
【解析】所给的提示词为名词，考查词性转换(形容词)。分析句子结构可知，这里需用形容词修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。
2.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Shanghai may be the ___59___(recognize)home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao’s birthplace.
59.【答案】recognized
【解析】所给提示词为动词，考查词性转换(过去分词作形容词)(此题也可以归类为考查非谓语动词)。分析句子结构可知，空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语，故填recognized。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。
3.(2023新高考Ⅰ卷)No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ___64___(rare)enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time.
64.【答案】rarely
【解析】所给的提示词为形容词，考查词性转换(副词)。分析句子结构可知，这里修饰形容词要用副词，故填rarely。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。
4.(2023新高考Ⅱ卷)Since June 2017, right before the ___56___(arrive)of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and ___57___(confidence)
speaking English.
56.【答案】arrival
【解析】所给的提示词为动词，考查词性转换(名词)。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词，故填arrival。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。
57.【答案】confident
【解析】所给的提示词为名词，考查词性转换(形容词)。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident，故填confident。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。
5.(2023新高考Ⅱ卷)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to ___60____(visit)Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
60.【答案】visiting
【解析】所给的提示词为动词，考查词性转换(现在分词作形容词)(此题也可以归类为考查非谓语动词)。分析句子结构可知，空格后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语；visit对应的形容词为visiting“来访的”，故填visiting。句意：他们与蜂拥而至的国际游客和来访的中国动物园管理员交谈，这些管理员经常来检查从中国租借来的大熊猫。
6.(2023新高考Ⅱ卷)So, what are they learning ___63___(basic), how to describe a panda's life.
63.【答案】Basically
【解析】所给的提示词为形容词，考查词性转换(副词)。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写，故填Basically。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。
7.(2023全国甲卷)___67___(difference)from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.
67.【答案】Different
【解析】所给的提示词为名词，考查词性转换(形容词)。be different from与……不同，所以用形容词作状语，故填Different。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。
8.(2023全国甲卷)The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty ___69___(warn)about environmental destruction.
69.【答案】warning
【解析】所给的提示词为动词，考查词性转换(名词)。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式，故填warning。句意：然而，卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。
9.(2023全国乙卷)The ___69___(remark)development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, means there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
69.【答案】remarkable
【解析】所给的提示词为名词，考查词性转换(形容词)。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”，故填remarkable。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。
10.(2024浙江1月卷)Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the ___50___(criticize)that they lead to waste.
50.【答案】criticism
【解析】所给的提示词为动词，考查词性转换(名词)。根据“that they lead to waste”可知，此处应用名词criticism表示“批评”作宾语，故填criticism。句意：许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动，因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。
11.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷)... and ___63___(eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
63.【答案】eventually
【解析】所给的提示词为形容词，考查词性转换(副词)。句意：(被省略的内容：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系)，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知，空处后为动词achieve，空处应用副词作状语修饰动词achieve，结合语意可知，此处意为“最终”，应用副词eventually，故填eventually。
12.(2022新高考ⅠI卷)They both fell ___58___(sleep)while watching TV.
58.【答案】asleep
【解析】所给的提示词为名词，考查词性转换(形容词)。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为名词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep，故填asleep。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。
13.(2022新高考ⅠI卷)When he looked down, he ___40___(accidental)slipped and fell over the edge.
40.【答案】accidentally
【解析】所给的提示词为形容词，考查词性转换(副词)。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意，故填accidentally。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。
14.(2022全国甲卷)Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___65___(protect).
65.【答案】protection
【解析】所给的提示词为动词，考查词性转换(名词)。根据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用名词protection，作宾语，protection表示“保护”时，是不可数名词，故填protection。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境保护。
15.(2022全国甲卷)Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___66___(meaning).
66.【答案】meaningful
【解析】所给的提示词为名词，考查词性转换(形容词)。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful表示“有意义的”，作宾语补足语，故填meaningful。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。
16.(2022全国乙卷)..., China has a ___65___(responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry.
65.【答案】responsibility
【解析】所给的提示词为形容词，考查词性转换(名词)。句意：(被省略的内容：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者)，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式，故填responsibility。
17.(2021新高考Ⅰ卷)It will ___58___(undoubted)help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the hotter the spring! Strange, isn’t it
58.【答案】undoubtedly
【解析】所给的提示词为由过去分词转化而来的形容词，考查词性转换(副词)。修饰动词help需用副词，故填undoubtedly。句意：无需半点怀疑，那一定会帮助你恢复体力的！
18.(2021新高考Ⅰ卷)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ___63___(ache)legs.
63.【答案】aching
【解析】所给的提示词为动词，考查词性转换(现在分词作形容词)(此题也可以归类为考查非谓语动词)。空格前有形容词性物主代词your，后有名词legs，说明此处只能填形容词，应用-ing分词转化而来的形容词，故填aching，意为“疼痛的”。句意：虽然这是你黄山之旅见到的唯一不是天然的东西，但它仍然是整个冒险之旅的亮点所在，并给你提供了一个可坐之处，让你可以在此休息一下疼痛的双腿。
19.(2021新高考ⅠI卷)I told him how ___61___(harm)plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options.
61.【答案】harmful
【解析】所给的提示词为名词，考查词性转换(形容词)。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。
20.(2021新高考ⅠI卷)I was so___62___(excite)when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.
62.【答案】excited
【解析】所给的提示词为动词，考查词性转换(形容词)(此题也可以归类为考查非谓语动词)。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，表示人的心理状态，用v+ed形式的形容词，故填excited。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。
21.(2021新高考ⅠI卷)A company ___64___(represent)wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1, 200 daily flights.
64.【答案】representitive
【解析】所给的提示词为动词，考查词性转换(名词)。该空作句子主语，用名词，前面有不定冠词修饰，用名词单数，所以填representative。句意：一位公司代表回信告诉我，该航空公司将把每天1200个航班的塑料杯换成纸杯。
22.(2021全国甲卷)... or just to watch the local people going about their ___50___(day)routines.
50.【答案】daily
【解析】所给的提示词为名词，考查词性转换(形容词)。修饰名词routines应用day的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词，故填daily。句意：(被省略的内容：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照)，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。
23.(2021全国乙卷)It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___61___(educate)about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ___62___(develop)of the local areas.
61.【答案】educated
【解析】所给的提示词为动词，考查词性转换(过去分词作形容词)(此题也可以归类为考查非谓语动词)。分析句子成分可知，此处查固定搭配become educated about表示“对……有所了解”，故填educated。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。
62.【答案】development
【解析】所给的提示词为动词，考查词性转换(名词)。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名词development，表示“发展”，作动词benefits的宾语，故填development。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。
24.(2021全国乙卷)·Provide ___68___(finance)aid and other benefits for local peoples.
68.【答案】finacial
【解析】所给的提示词为名词，考查词性转换(形容词)。空格修饰名词aid，应用形容词形式作定语，故填financial。句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。
二、词形转换
1.(2023新高考Ⅱ卷)They also need to be ready to give ___61___(interview)in English with international
journalists.
63.【答案】interviews
【解析】所给的提示词为名词，考查词形转换(名词复数)。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式，故填interviews。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。
2.(2023全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place which welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ___64___(wonder)standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
64.【答案】wonders
【解析】所给的提示词为名词，考查词形转换(名词复数)。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式，故填wonders。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。
3.(2023新高考Ⅰ卷)The best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of ___62___(they)contents.
62.【答案】their
【解析】所给的提示词为人称代词的主格，考查词形转换(形容词性物主代词)。分析句子结构可知，修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their，故填their。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。
4.(2023全国甲卷)Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the ___62___(six)century, B. C.
62.【答案】sixth
【解析】所给的提示词为基数词，考查词形转换(序数词)。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式，故填sixth。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。
5.(2024浙江1月卷)Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ___65___(one)may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.
63.【答案】ones
【解析】所给的提示词为不定代词，考查词形转换(代词复数)。代词one意为“一个人”，在some of后应用复数形式，故填ones。句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。
6.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___62___(population)and
homes of giant pandas, ...
62.【答案】populations
【解析】所给的提示词为名词，考查词形转换(名词复数)。分析句子可知，空处和and后的复数名词homes并列，且在句中作宾语，应用可数名词population ，意为“种群”，且应用复数形式，故填populations。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，(被省略的内容：最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平)。
7.(2022新高考ⅠI卷)“He saved my ___64___(son)life,” said Mrs. Brown.
64.【答案】
【解析】所给的提示词为名词，考查词形转换(名词所有格)。句意：“他拯救了我儿子的生命，”布朗夫人说。根据句意，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格，故填son’s。
8.(2022全国甲卷)... and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___68___(high)mountain.
68.【答案】highest
【解析】所给的提示词为形容词原级，考查词形转换(形容词最高级)。根据空前Africa’s可知，此处是指三者或三者以上的用法比较，应用形容词最高级，故填highest。句意：(被省略的内容：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家)，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。
9.(2022全国乙卷)“As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___64___(large)tea-producing country, ...
64.【答案】largest
【解析】所给的提示词为形容词原级，考查词形转换(形容词最高级)。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，所以用形容词的最高级形式，故填largest。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，(被省略的内容：中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展)。
10.(2022全国乙卷)The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled(揭幕)at the ceremony, opening ____70____(it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
70.【答案】its
【解析】所给的提示词为人称代词主格/宾格，考查词形转换(形容词性物主代词)。分析句式结构可知，名词exhibition前应该用形容词性物主代词来修饰，故填its。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。
11.(2021新高考Ⅰ卷)The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ___57___(human)are.
57.【答案】humans
【解析】所给的提示词为名词，考查词形转换(名词复数)。空格紧跟在主语we后，空后面又是连系动词，故推断考查名词的数。human是we的同位语，we为复数，应用human的复数形式，故填humans。句意：一旦你到达山顶，你所看到的滚滚云海将会让你想到我们人类是多么渺小。
12.(2021新高考Ⅰ卷)It sure does in ___64___(I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit!
64.【答案】mine
【解析】所给的提示词为人称代词的主格，考查词形转换(名词性物主代词)。根据前一句“it will always stick in the visitor’s memory”可知，本句为does指代前一句的stick，本句缺乏宾语，应用名词性物主代词mine指代my memory，故填mine。句意：正如歌中所唱，这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”，它将永远留在游客的记忆中，它也将必定永远留在我的记忆中。
13.(2023全国甲卷)Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the ___62___(six)century, B. C.
【答案】sixth
【解析】考查数词。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式，故填sixth。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。
14.(2021新高考ⅠI卷)I've always loved the ocean. In the ___56___(seven)grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium in California.
56.【答案】seventh
【解析】所给的提示词为基数词，考查词形转换(序数词)。表示“七年级” 用序数词，所以填seventh。句意：七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。
15.(2021全国甲卷)... we decided it was time for some action and what ___45___(good)than to ride on a piece of history!
45.【答案】better
【解析】所给的提示词为形容词原级，考查词形转换(形容词比较级)。根据后文比较连(介)词than可知，此处应用形容词good的用法比较级，故填better。句意：(被省略的内容：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后)，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。
16.(2021全国甲卷)Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___49___(watchtower)to fake pictures ...
49.【答案】watchtowers
【解析】所给的提示词为名词，考查词形转换(名词复数)。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，(被省略的内容：或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活)。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知，此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念，应用其复数形式，故填watchtowers。
17.(2021全国乙卷)Ecotourism has ___63___(it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.
63.【答案】its
【解析】所给的提示词为人称代词主格/宾格，考查词形转换(形容词性物主代词)。结合语意，此处表示生态旅游有它的起源，空处应用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”，符合句意，故填its。句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。
四、提示词为动词，通过一“定”三“思”解“动词”题
首先是“一定”：分析句子结构，定夺空格处是否作谓语；
其次是“三思”：如果作谓语，就需要思考恰当的时态和语态、主谓一致及虚拟语气；如果不作谓语，就需要思考是否填非谓语动词(填空所在句中已经有谓语并且没有连词时，应填非谓语。填非谓语动词就需要思考是填不定式<有式的变化>、动词-ing形式<有式的变化>还是过去分词)；如果既不作谓语成分，又不是非谓语动词，就需要思考是否为词类转换(包括现在分词、过去分词转换而成的形容词)，并根据上下文语境确定词类转换的类型(参看上述词性/形转换)。
(一)依“线索”，定时态
1.依据上下文中明确的时间状语或时间标志词来定时态；
2.依据语境，挖掘其隐含信息，弄清时间的先后顺序，确定动作是发生在过去、现在还是将来，进而定时态；
3依据固定句型确定所要用的时态。
(二)托“关系”，定语态
依托主语和谓语之间的逻辑关系确定动词的语态。被动语态中的主谓部分除了明显的被动关系外，还有特殊用法，如主动形式表被动含义。
(三)析“主语”，定“一致”
分析填空所在句的主语是什么，甄别这个主语所表示的意义是单数还是复数，依据三大原则定主谓一致。
(四)寻“主语”，定功能
这里的“主语”不是指语法意义上的主语，而是指逻辑意义上的主语，即填空处所要填的非谓语动词的逻辑主语。根据这个逻辑主语与所要填的非谓语动词之间的关系来定所要填的非谓语动词在句中的功能。
1.如果填空处所要填的非谓语动词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，一般考查非谓语动词作状语、表语(尤
其是习惯搭配中的现在分词或过去分词)或宾语(动词不定式或动名词<包括作介词宾语的动名词>)；
2.如果填空处所要填的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被其所修饰的名词或代词，一般考查非谓语动词作定语；
3.如果填空处所要填的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是作宾语的名词或代词，一般考查非谓语动词作宾补；
4.如果填空处所要填的非谓语动词的逻辑主语要通过句意来判断，一般考查非谓语动词主语或宾语。
(五)析“关系”，定语态
分析填空处所要填的非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间的关系确定所要填的非谓语动词语态(是主动的还是被动的)。
(六)依“时间”，定形式
依据填空处所要填的非谓语动词自带的时间状语或是根据填空处所要填的非谓语动词与谓语动词所表示的动作的先后关系来正确形式。
另外特别提醒的是：
1.注意现在分词与过去分词的拼写形式要正确；
2.注意非谓语动词用法的特殊情况。如：主动形式表被动的情况，常见的已经成为固定用法的非谓语动词(短语)等；
3.警惕陷阱题，防止知识负迁移情况的发生：看似熟悉的句子结构，进而用规则去套就会套出错误来。对此类题目考生一定要厘清句子结构再解题。
①The email she had looked forward to ________(arrive)the other day at last.
【答案】arrived
【详解】考查动词的时态。分析句子结构，she looked forward to是定语从句，修饰先行词the email，填空处作句子的谓语，结合后文the other day可知为一般过去时，故填arrived。句意：她期待已久的电子邮件终于在前几天收到了。
②The pollution is getting worse and worse; we must stop pollution ________(live)a better life.
【答案】to live
【解析】不要以为是stop…(from)doing sth.的结构。其实这里用不定式作状语表示目的。句意：污染越来越严重了；为了过上更好的生活我们必须阻止污染。
③That is the only way we can imagine ________(reduce)the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.
【答案】to reduce
【解析】本题如果根据imagine doing的用法，就填reducing，那就大错特错啦！“做某事的方法”可以说成是the way to do sth, the way of doing sth,或者the way+从句。本题中way有两个定语：一个是从句we can imagine(来修饰the way, the way作imagine的宾语，可以用关系词that/which，也可省略)；另一个是to reduce。句意：这是我们能想出来的减少学生洗漱用水过多的唯一的方法。
1.(2024年浙江1月卷)However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ___61___(offer)in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day.
61.【答案】be offered
【解析】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形，故填be offered。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。
2.(2023·新高考II卷)As a little girl, I ___65___(wish)to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.
65.【答案】wished
【解析】考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以wish作本句谓语，和主语I之间是主动关系，根据后文的grew可知用一般过去时，故填wished。句意：作为一个小女孩，我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。
3.(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down through the ages can still ___70___(employ)today to draw attention to important truths.
70.【答案】be employed
【解析】考查语态。从句主语a simple literal form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形，故填be employed。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的文字形式已经流传了几个世纪，今天仍然可以用来引起人们对重要真理的注意。
4.(2023·全国乙卷)The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, ___70___(mean)there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
70.【答案】means
【解析】考查动词的时态与主谓一致。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“development”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填means。句意：这座城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总是有新的东西等待发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。
5.(2022·新高考II卷)Henry ___62___(fix)his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
62.【答案】was fixing
【解析】考查动词的时态。被考查动词位于主语Henry之后，且后面还有宾语his car，设空处应该填谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实，故使用过去进行时，故填was fixing。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。
6.(2022·新高考II卷)He quickly ___63___(throw)his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
63.【答案】threw
【解析】考查动词的时态。被考查动词位于主语He之后，且和started 构成并列谓语，故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw，故填threw。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。
7.(2022·全国甲卷)In the last five years. Cao ___67___(walk)through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
67.【答案】has walked
【解析】考查动词的时态。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词用has，故填has walked。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。
8.(2022·全国乙卷)The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___63___(address)the opening
ceremony.
63.【答案】addressed
【解析】考查动词的时态。分析语境可知，本句是陈述过去事情，所以用一般过去时，故填addressed。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。
9.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it ___61___(be)for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
61.【答案】was
【解析】考查动词的时态。分析句子可知，“how hard it ___61___(be)for the people then to put all those rocks into place”作wonder的宾语，it是从句的形式主语，不定式为真正主语，谓语动词用单数形式，安置台阶的石头为陈述过去的事情(句中的then意为“at that time 在那时”也是提示)，应用一般过去时，故填was。句意：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把这些石头都安置好有多难。
10.(2021·全国甲卷)It ___61___(build)originally to protect the city during the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复).
61.【答案】was built
【解析】考查被动语态。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，根据时间状语during the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。
11.(2021·全国甲卷)We ___66___(hire)our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.
66.【答案】hired
【解析】考查动词的时态。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填hired。句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。
12.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP ___60___(design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity
and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer
zones, ...
60.【答案】is designed
【解析】考查动词的时态语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语，根据前一句的将来时和后一句的一般现在时，可以确定，此处与下文都是讲现在的状态，应为一般现在时。句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系，故用被动语态，故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式，故填is designed。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，……。
13.(2021·新高考II卷)One of the biggest companies I wrote to ___63____(be)Alaska Airlines Paris.
63.【答案】was
【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote”可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of +形容词最高级+可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。
14.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___58___(be)
previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___59___(increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
58.【答案】were
【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___58___(be)previously unprotected为主要结构，其中包含that引导的定语从句，设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously(之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式，故填were。
59.【答案】to increase
【解析】考查非谓语动词。bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___59___(increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.为现在分词做状语，其中包含由and连接的两个并列的目的状语increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management，做目的状语，要用动词不定式，因此此处应填to increase。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。
15.(2024年浙江1月卷)If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets ___62___(start)selling chicken or salad in packs ___63___(design)with two halves containing separate portions(份).
62.【答案】have started
【解析】考查动词的时态。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填have started。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。
63.【答案】designed
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。动词design意为“设计”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语packs构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语，故填designed。
16.(2023·全国乙卷)___66___(visit)several times over the last 10 years, I ___67___(amaze)by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产)while constantly growing.
66.【答案】Having visited
【解析】考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写，故填Having visited。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。
67.【答案】was amazed
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage(遗产)while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，故填was amazed。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。
17.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)To eat one, you have to decide whether ___57___(bite)a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
57.【答案】to bite
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，故填to bite。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。
18.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ___61___(lift)out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.
61.【答案】to be lifted
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，补足语lift out与宾语them(指代小笼包)是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted，故填to be lifted。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。
19.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)No matter where I buy them, one steamer is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left ___65___(want)more next time.
65.【答案】wanting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处考查“leave sb.+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting，故填wanting。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。
20.(2024年浙江1月卷)However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ___56___(benefit)from price reductions doesn’t make sense.
56.【答案】to benefit
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语，故填to benefit。句意：然而，如果你是想买一件，那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。
21.(2023·全国甲卷)For thousands of years, people have told fables(寓言)___61___(teach)a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
61.【答案】to teach
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语，故填to teach。
22.(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___65___(borrow)some familiar words from many age-old fables.Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___66___(intend)for everyone.
65.【答案】borrowing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故填borrowing。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。
66.【答案】intended
【解析】考查非谓语动词。(be)intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式，故填intended。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的重要信息。
23.(2023·全国乙卷)From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ___62___(build)
system of ring roads.
62.【答案】built
【解析】考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词，故填built。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。
24.(2023·全国乙卷)As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ___68___ (record)everything I discovered.
68.【答案】recording
【解析】考查非谓语动词。spend time(in)doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式，故填recording。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。
25.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)___56___(cover)an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
56.【答案】Covering
【解析】考查非谓语动词。the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.为主要结构，前面有逗号隔开，并且没有and，but, or等连词连接，说明前面与后面不是并列关系，而是用作状语，表原因，此处考查非谓语，cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写，故填Covering。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，the GPNP将成为中国首批国家公园之一。
26.(2022·新高考II卷)Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-floor apartment balcony(阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1. 2-metre fence, and held out his arms to catch the ___56___(fall)child.
56.【答案】falling
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中的hold out为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，fall为动词，意为“掉落”， child和fall之间是主动关系，同时表示正在进行的含义。故应该使用现在分词作定语，故填falling。句意：当亨利看到一个小男孩挂在六楼公寓的阳台上时，他跑了100米，跳过了1. 2米高的栅栏，伸出双臂去接要掉下来的孩子。
27.(2022·新高考II卷)Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___59___(see)them.
59.【答案】to see
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用非谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们(外面玩闹的孩子们)，故应该使用不定式作目的状语，故填to see。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。
28.(2022·全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked(徒步)40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___61___(journey)the Belt and Road route(路线)by foot.
61.【答案】to journey
【解析】考查非谓语动词。step前面有序数词first，应用不定式，作后置定语，故填to journey。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。
29.(2022·全国甲卷)Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700 kilometers from Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, ___70___(plan)to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
70.【答案】planning
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。动词plan意为“计划”，和谓语之间没有连词，和主语构成主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语，故填planning。句意：9月20日，他从4700公里外的西安飞到了喀什，计划在五个月内徒步回到西安。
30.(2022·全国乙卷)It can help to build a community with a ___66___(share)future for mankind,” he said.
66.【答案】shared
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。因为动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语，故填shared。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。
31.(2022·全国乙卷)___68___(strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___69___(invite)twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
68.【答案】To strengthen
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。根据语境可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语，故填To strengthen。
69.【答案】inviting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语,表主动关系，故填inviting。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。
32.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the hotter the spring! Strange, isn’t it But that’s how nature is—always leaving us ___60___(astonish).
60.【答案】astonished
【解析】考查非谓语动词，也可以认为是考查词性转换(形容词)。前面有谓语动词leave，谓语动词后又有宾语us，由此由此可以联想到固定结构“leave +宾语+宾语补足语”，此处是补充说明宾语us的感受，应用-ed分词转化而来的形容词，故填astonished。句意：很奇怪，不是吗？但大自然就是这样——总是让我们无比惊讶。
33.(2021·新高考II卷)I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ___57___(think)it is food.
57.【答案】thinking
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，___57___(think)it is food.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语many sea animals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。
34.(2021·新高考II卷)I decided to do something ___58___(educate)people about this problem.
58.【答案】to educate
【解析】考查非谓语动词。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，___58___(educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，故填to educate。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。
35.(2021·全国甲卷)It is possible ___63___(walk)or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
63.【答案】to walk
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语，故填to walk。句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。
36.(2021·全国甲卷)After ___64___(spend)some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!
64.【答案】spending
【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语，故填spending。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。
37.(2021·全国乙卷)Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact(影响)travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___61___(educate)about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics and often provides money for conservation and benefits the development of the local areas.
61.【答案】educated
【解析】考查非谓语动词(也可以归类为考查形容词)。分析句子成分可知，此处查固定搭配become educated about表示“对……有所了解”，故填educated。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。
38.(2021·全国乙卷)Minimize the impact of ___67___(visit)the place.
67.【答案】visiting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词作介词of的宾语，故填visiting。句意：最大限度地减少参观这个地方的影响。
39.(2021·全国乙卷)Activities there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim ___70___(have)a low impact on the natural environment.
70.【答案】to have
【解析】考查非谓语动词。aim to do表示“旨在，目的是”，所以空处应用不定式形式，故填to have。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行和住宿的宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。
五、分析“句子结构、逻辑、关键词”，破解“无提示词”题
鉴于高考语法填空对三大从句、并列句及特殊句式的考查绝大多数是以无提示词形式命题的情况，考生解题时，需要抓住三条线索：一是理清句子结构；二是分析上下文逻辑关系；三是寻找上文或下文中的关键词。
1.理清句子的结构，确定从句类型，缺什么填什么(名词从句的连接词、定语从句的关系词以及状语从句的连接词)；
2.分析上下文逻辑，甄别具体关系，填上恰当连词(并列连词)；
3.上下寻找关键词，抓住成对关系，填上恰当连词(成对的连词)。
1.(2024·浙江1月卷)If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ___59___ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo(单独)customers out of pocket and disappointed.
59.【答案】what
【解析】考查名词从句。表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what，故填what。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。
2.(2023·新高考II卷)This is ___62___ they need an English trainer.
62.【答案】why
【解析】考查名词从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句，故填why。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。
3.(2021·新高考I卷)___56___ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
56.【答案】what
【解析】考查名词从句。此处是主语从句，从句缺乏主语，应用what引导，指代“经历的事情”，故填What。句意：这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。
4.(2024·浙江1月卷)Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way ___58___ will make them the most money.
58.【答案】which/that
【解析】考查定语从句。定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which，故填that/which。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。
5.(2023·全国甲卷)Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ___63___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”
63.【答案】as
【解析】考查定语从句。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导，故填as。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。
6.(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America, ___64___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.
64.【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导，故填where。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。
7.(2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ___63___ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
63.【答案】which/that
【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导，故填which/that。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。
8.(2022·新高考I卷)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ___65___ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
65.【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处考查引导限制性定语从句的关系词，指代先行词species，指物，在从句中作主语，且先行词前有all修饰，故只能用关系代词that，故填that。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。
9.(2022·全国甲卷)On the 1,100 kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___62___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.
62.【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词为the man，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导，故填who。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。
10.(2021·新高考II卷)I decided that if I learned of a company___59___ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
59.【答案】which/that
【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构，___59___ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which/that。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用塑料。
11.(2024·浙江1月卷)Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ___57___ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
57.【答案】or
【解析】考查连词(固定句式)。either...or...要么……要么……，故填or。句意：要么你买的东西太重，搬不回家，要么你买的东西还新鲜，就不能用了。
12.(2023·新高考I卷)To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出), ___58___ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
58.【答案】or
【解析】考查连词(固定搭配)。分析句子结构可知，whether...or... “是……还是……”是固定搭配，故填or。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。
13.(2022·新高考II卷)He hung on for a few minutes ___61___ screamed for his father, but his father didn’t hear him.
61.【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写连词，连接hung和screamed两个动作。根据句意，此处表示并列关系，故填and。句意：他坚持了几分钟，尖叫喊着他的父亲，但他的父亲没有听到他。
14.(2022·全国乙卷)The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued(发布)at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___67___ cultural exchanges.
67.【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。分析句式结构可知,名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词promote的宾语，故填and。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。
15.(2021·新高考I卷)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure ___62___offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.
62.【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。分析句子可知，“highlights the whole adventure”与“offers a place”部分为并列关系，都是作it的谓语，应用并列连词and，故填and。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。
16.(2023·全国乙卷)It is a distinct visual contrast(反差)that shouldn’t work, ___65___ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
65.【答案】but
【解析】考查连词。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast(反差)that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but，故填but。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。
17.(2021·全国甲卷)My bike was old and shaky ___47___ did the job.
47.【答案】but
【解析】考查连词。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but连接，故填but。句意：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。
18.(2022·新高考II卷)“He saved my son’s life, ”said Mrs. Brown. “I don’t know ___45___ to thank him.”
45.【答案】how
【解析】考查特殊疑问词。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意，故填how。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。
19.(2023·全国高三专题练)It is advised that one mustn’t go jogging very early in the morning; this is
the body temperature is lower and the bodily functions haven’t kicked in fully during this time.
【答案】because
【解析】考查名词从句。分析句子结构，这是一个包含表语从句的复合句，空白处在表语从句中作状语表示原因，故填because。句意：建议不要在早晨很早去慢跑，这是因为在这段时间里，体温较低，身体机能没有完全发挥作用。
20.(2023·全国高三专题练)Actually, girls can be they want to be just like boys, it is a pilot, an astronaut, or a manager .
【答案】whatever, whether
【解析】考查名词从句和状语从句。根据句子结构可知，第一空应填连接代词whatever引导表语从句，whatever同时在该从句中充当be的表语，意为“不管什么”；第二空应填连词whether，whether...or...可以引导包含选择范围的让步状语从句，意为“不管是……还是……”。在句中从属连词whether只起到引导连接作用，在从句中不充当成分，只表示疑问语气，故填whatever,whether。句意：事实上，女孩可以像男孩一样成为任何她们想成为的人，无论是飞行员、宇航员还是经理。
21.(2024·全国高三校考专题练)I must thank my former class teacher, without help I wouldn’t have gone to university.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处应为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词my former class teacher与空后的help之间为所属关系，所以此处应使用关系代词whose，故填whose。句意：我必须感谢我以前的班主任，没有他的帮助，我就上不了大学。
22.(2023·全国高三假期作业) is often the case, students tend to be more enthusiastic about classes in which they can participate and interact.
【答案】As
【解析】考查定语从句。as is often the case 是定语从句，as 是引导词，指代后面那个句子所表述的情况，故填as。句意：通常情况下，学生往往更热衷于可以参与和互动的课程。
23.(2023·全国高三校考专题练)No matter hard it was snowing, the little sisters managed to round the sheep up and drive them back home safely.
【答案】how
【解析】考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，引导让步状语从句，修饰副词hard，表示“无论多么”应用no matter how，故填how。句意：不管雪下得多大，小姐妹们都设法把羊群围起来，把它们安全赶回了家。
24.(2023·全国高三专题练)Any offender shall be brought back and brought to justice even he/she may flee abroad.
【答案】if/though
【解析】考查状语从句。句意：任何违法者都必须被逮捕回国内并且对其进行法律制裁，即使他/她可能潜逃到国外。结合语意，he/she may flee abroad是对Any offender shall be brought back and brought to justice的让步，所以此处应填if或though，与even构成even if和even though，意为“即使”，表示让步，故填if或though。
25.(2023上·全国高三专题练)The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across deserts, over mountains, through valleys at last it reaches the sea.
【答案】till/until
【解析】考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，，这里应填连词，再根据句意，这里应表示“直到”最后流进海里，故填till/until。句意：长城自西向东蜿蜒而行，穿过沙漠，越过高山，穿过山谷，最后到达大海。
26.(2023上·黑龙江哈尔滨高三哈尔滨三中校考开学考试)Generous husband he might be, he was more than angry with his wife — she spent all their savings on a diamond necklace.
【答案】as /though
【解析】考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导的是让步状语从句，表示“尽管”用as/though，此处构成了倒装表语的结构，故填as/though。句意：尽管他可能是个慷慨的丈夫，但他对妻子非常生气——她把他们所有的积蓄都花在一条钻石项链上了。
27.(2023·全国高三专题练)I didn’t see Peter enroute(在途中)but reunited back we started, both of us sheepish but pleased.
【答案】where
【解析】考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处应用where引导地点状语从句，故填where。句意：我没有在途中看到彼得，但又在起点重聚，我们都很害羞，但很高兴。
28.(2023上·黑龙江大庆高三大庆实验中学校考期中)I was concentrating on reading a novel I heard someone in the distance call my name.
【答案】when
【解析】考查固定句型。本句为固定句式：be doing sth when.....“正在做某事。正在那时”，故填when。句意：我正在聚精会神地看小说，突然听到远处有人叫我的名字。
29.(陕西省渭南市韩城市象山中学2023-2024学年高三上学期10月月考)You can either come to our club in room 202 on the first floor, building 5 _______ call us at 023-8555955.
【答案】or
【解析】考查连词。分析句子可知，这里考查either...or...表“要么...要么”，为固定搭配。故填or。句意：您可以来我们俱乐部5号楼一楼202室，也可以致电023-8555955。
30.(2023·上海高三专题练)Drug abuse has serious effects on individuals physically and mentally, the economic losses caused by drug abuse are great.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意：毒品滥用对个人的身心影响严重，造成的经济损失巨大。根据句意可知，前后句子是并列关系，空格处用and表并列，故填and。
31.(湖南省邵阳市邵东创新实验学校2024届高三上学期第二次月考)It is a distinct visual contrast(反差)that shouldn’t work, somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
【答案】but
【解析】考查连词。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast(反差)that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系，用连词but连接句子，故填but。句意：这是一种明显的视觉对比，不应该起作用，但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。
32.(湖北省宜荆荆恩四地市2022-2023学年高三上学期起点考试)If you are walking down the mountain in the dark, ________, you should always have headlamps with you, it will become too dangerous.
【答案】however, or/otherwise
【解析】考查副词和连词。第一个设空处，根据上下文逻辑关系，填however表示让步；第二个设空处应用连词or或副词otherwise，“要不然，否则”，引导并列句，用于警告或忠告，表示逆意的条件关系，前面的条件(you should always have headlamps with you)