人教版（2019）选择性必修 第四册Unit 4 Sharing Review Useful Structures to do 不定式做主语导讲义
文档属性
| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修 第四册Unit 4 Sharing Review Useful Structures to do 不定式做主语导讲义 |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 22.8KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-04-09 18:48:06 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
选四U4 第五课时
【教学目标】
动词不定式(to do)作主语用法
倡议书写作
【教学过程】
一、不定式做主语
动词不定式作主语常见的三种形式:
1、 不定式作主语通常位于句首，表示具体的某次动作，谓语动词用单数。
To see is to believe.
To live is to learn，to learn is to better live.
To get up early is necessary.
To learn a skill is very important for everyone in society.
2、 动词不定式与疑问词how， what，when，where， which等连用构成不定式短语，也可作主语。
How to use the computer is the question.
Where to go has not been decided.
3、 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it作形式主语放在句首，将真正的主语放到谓语的后面。
It’s not easy to work out the problem. = To work out the problem is not easy.
It is interesting to play with snow in winter.
It is terrible to see the ship sinking into the sea.
it作形式主语代替真正主语不定式常见于以下情况中：
It is + adj. + for sb. +to do sth.
It is + adj. + of sb. +to do sth.
It is + n. + for sb. +to do sth.
It takes/took/will take sb. some time/ money +to do sth.
1). It is＋adj.＋for sb. +to do sth.
用于此句型的形容词有：
easy, hard, difficult, possible, important, impossible, necessary, good, bad, exciting, interesting, surprising等。
It is necessary for young students to learn a foreign language.
It is necessary for you to change your job.
It was impossible for them to complete the task in such a short time.
It’s important for us to keep the water clean.
2). It is＋adj.＋of sb.＋to do sth. 形容词用来表示不定式的逻辑主语（sb.）的性质、特征或品德
常见的此类形容词有： kind, nice, wise, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, foolish, clever等。
It was silly of you to give up such a good chance！
It’s very kind of you to say so.
It is friendly of the family to try to make me feel at home in their house.
It was rude of the boy to jump the queue!
3).It is + n. + for sb. +to do sth.
常见的名词有：pity, shame, pleasure, duty, job, fun, joy, good manners, bad manners等。
It is a pity for you to have missed such a wonderful film.
It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship.
4).It takes/took/will take sb. some time/money+ to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间（钱）
It took me more than an hour to do my homework yesterday evening.
It will take us years of work to reduce the pollution.
【注意】动名词与不定式都可以作主语，一般而言，在表示比较抽象或一般的多次行为时多用动名词；在表示具体某次动作特别是将来的动作时，多用动词不定式。
巩固练习：
①It takes about ten minutes_____________________________. 步行去银行大约用十分钟时间。
②It’s important for you_____________________________. 对你们来说学好外语非常重要。
③It’s very kind _____________________________. 你这样说真是太好了。
④It must be great fun_____________________________. 乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。
⑤ _____________________________hasn’t been decided yet.什么时候开会还没有定下来呢。
注意：不定式与疑问词how, what，when，where, which等连用构成不定式短语，也可作主语。
How to use the computer is a question.如何使用计算机是个问题。
【翻译练习】
1.When to hold the meeting remains undecided.
2.It will take the nutrition specialist an hour to make a balanced diet for you.
3.It is useful to turn to the fitness consultant for advice.
4.To love and to be loved is sweet to us.
5.In my opinion, it is difficult for us to reach the goal of improving my oral English in such a short time.
6.He reminded me that it was convenient to buy a house of my own near the school.
7.They realized that it was of little value to argue about the matter.
8.It’s difficult but possible for different people to live in harmony with each other.
9. It is impossible for my question to be answered in his absence.
10.It is clever of you to believe in Chinese medicine, which is of great help to your disease.
【填空练习】
1.It is illegal and dangerous _______( take) drugs.
2.It is harmful for you _______( skip) breakfast often.
3.I think it’s necessary _________(get) your parents’ permission first.
4._______ took a long time to acquire the skills he needed to become a professional artist.
5.Sometimes it might be helpful __________(use) examples to explain abstract concepts.
6. It is an honor for me ____________(invite) to attend the ceremony.
7. It is traditional _________(bring) a gift to a house warming party.(2020全国III卷)
8.To improve people’s lives ______(be) an important task for our government.
9.It’s essential _________young people to eat healthy food.
10.It will be a big challenge for him _________(balance) work and personal life.
11._______(save) time is to lengthen life.
12.It was silly ______ you to give up such a good chance！
二、倡议书写作
为响应“保护环境，低碳生活”的号召，你校正在开展“Power Saving—A Must for Everyone” 的主题活动，请你以学生会名义用英文给全校学生写一封倡议书，内容包括：
1．节约用电的原因及意义；
2．节约用电的具体做法；
3．发起倡议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为 80 左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
【写作指导】
1，倡议书特点及写作步骤
题型特点：通常指提倡或呼吁开展某项有意义的活动、推行某种行之有效的做法。
写作思路与步骤 ：
第一步：发出倡议的背景、原因和目的。倡议书、呼吁信的发出贵在引起响应，只有交待清楚原因、背景、事实，并申明目的，才会使呼吁方理解和信服并展开行动。(why & what)
第二步：倡议的具体内容和要求。内容具体化才能体现它的意义和行动价值。最好分条列举，做到清晰明确，一目了然。(how)
第三步：结尾要表示倡议者的决心和希望。(appeal)
2，开头段可以常规处理，即：
自我介绍+背景+写信目的。
1. I am Li Hua, ... (同位语，如Chairman of the Students Union). Given that ...(有关主题的现象) has become a serious issue, I'm writing to appeal to you to ....
2. I am Li Hua, ... (同位语，如Chairman of the Students Union). Nowadays it is common to see that students do sth. ... (有关主题的具体问题) . To solve this problem, I’d like to call on you to ....
3，好用过渡词：
1. 首先 To begin with, … / First and foremost, … / In the first place, …
2. 其次 What’s more, … / In addition, … / Moreover, ...
3. 最后 Last but not least, …
【参考范文】
Power Saving—A must for Everyone
As is known to us, without electricity the society cannot run smoothly. But around us, electricity is often regrettably wasted, in contrast to which many places have been suffering severe power shortage since this summer. Therefore, it’s essential for us to save electricity.
First and foremost, we should make it a habit to save electricity and practice it in our workday life. For example, when leaving the room, we should turn off the lights. Moreover, we should remind more people around us, such as our parents, close relatives and friends, of the importance of savingelectricity. Many hands make light work.
Dear fellow students, let’s join in/take an active part in the power saving action, start from ourselves, and act from now on!
The Student’s Union
切实可行的省电小妙招：
1. turn off the lights when leaving
2. have more outdoor activities instead of staying at home playing electronic devices
3. use power-saving electric appliance
结尾处其他好用句型：
Without doubt, it’s high time that we took some measures to change the present situation.
We should spare no effort to ...because only in this way can we...
Let’s join our hands and take immediate actions to ....
Let’s take action right now! I’m convinced that our efforts will eventually pay off.
Let’s make joint efforts to .....
Key:1.to take 2.to skip 3.to get 4.It 5.to use 6.to be invited 7.to bring 8.is 9.for 10. to balance 11.To save 12.of
【教学目标】
动词不定式(to do)作主语用法
倡议书写作
【教学过程】
一、不定式做主语
动词不定式作主语常见的三种形式:
1、 不定式作主语通常位于句首，表示具体的某次动作，谓语动词用单数。
To see is to believe.
To live is to learn，to learn is to better live.
To get up early is necessary.
To learn a skill is very important for everyone in society.
2、 动词不定式与疑问词how， what，when，where， which等连用构成不定式短语，也可作主语。
How to use the computer is the question.
Where to go has not been decided.
3、 当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it作形式主语放在句首，将真正的主语放到谓语的后面。
It’s not easy to work out the problem. = To work out the problem is not easy.
It is interesting to play with snow in winter.
It is terrible to see the ship sinking into the sea.
it作形式主语代替真正主语不定式常见于以下情况中：
It is + adj. + for sb. +to do sth.
It is + adj. + of sb. +to do sth.
It is + n. + for sb. +to do sth.
It takes/took/will take sb. some time/ money +to do sth.
1). It is＋adj.＋for sb. +to do sth.
用于此句型的形容词有：
easy, hard, difficult, possible, important, impossible, necessary, good, bad, exciting, interesting, surprising等。
It is necessary for young students to learn a foreign language.
It is necessary for you to change your job.
It was impossible for them to complete the task in such a short time.
It’s important for us to keep the water clean.
2). It is＋adj.＋of sb.＋to do sth. 形容词用来表示不定式的逻辑主语（sb.）的性质、特征或品德
常见的此类形容词有： kind, nice, wise, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, foolish, clever等。
It was silly of you to give up such a good chance！
It’s very kind of you to say so.
It is friendly of the family to try to make me feel at home in their house.
It was rude of the boy to jump the queue!
3).It is + n. + for sb. +to do sth.
常见的名词有：pity, shame, pleasure, duty, job, fun, joy, good manners, bad manners等。
It is a pity for you to have missed such a wonderful film.
It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship.
4).It takes/took/will take sb. some time/money+ to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间（钱）
It took me more than an hour to do my homework yesterday evening.
It will take us years of work to reduce the pollution.
【注意】动名词与不定式都可以作主语，一般而言，在表示比较抽象或一般的多次行为时多用动名词；在表示具体某次动作特别是将来的动作时，多用动词不定式。
巩固练习：
①It takes about ten minutes_____________________________. 步行去银行大约用十分钟时间。
②It’s important for you_____________________________. 对你们来说学好外语非常重要。
③It’s very kind _____________________________. 你这样说真是太好了。
④It must be great fun_____________________________. 乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。
⑤ _____________________________hasn’t been decided yet.什么时候开会还没有定下来呢。
注意：不定式与疑问词how, what，when，where, which等连用构成不定式短语，也可作主语。
How to use the computer is a question.如何使用计算机是个问题。
【翻译练习】
1.When to hold the meeting remains undecided.
2.It will take the nutrition specialist an hour to make a balanced diet for you.
3.It is useful to turn to the fitness consultant for advice.
4.To love and to be loved is sweet to us.
5.In my opinion, it is difficult for us to reach the goal of improving my oral English in such a short time.
6.He reminded me that it was convenient to buy a house of my own near the school.
7.They realized that it was of little value to argue about the matter.
8.It’s difficult but possible for different people to live in harmony with each other.
9. It is impossible for my question to be answered in his absence.
10.It is clever of you to believe in Chinese medicine, which is of great help to your disease.
【填空练习】
1.It is illegal and dangerous _______( take) drugs.
2.It is harmful for you _______( skip) breakfast often.
3.I think it’s necessary _________(get) your parents’ permission first.
4._______ took a long time to acquire the skills he needed to become a professional artist.
5.Sometimes it might be helpful __________(use) examples to explain abstract concepts.
6. It is an honor for me ____________(invite) to attend the ceremony.
7. It is traditional _________(bring) a gift to a house warming party.(2020全国III卷)
8.To improve people’s lives ______(be) an important task for our government.
9.It’s essential _________young people to eat healthy food.
10.It will be a big challenge for him _________(balance) work and personal life.
11._______(save) time is to lengthen life.
12.It was silly ______ you to give up such a good chance！
二、倡议书写作
为响应“保护环境，低碳生活”的号召，你校正在开展“Power Saving—A Must for Everyone” 的主题活动，请你以学生会名义用英文给全校学生写一封倡议书，内容包括：
1．节约用电的原因及意义；
2．节约用电的具体做法；
3．发起倡议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为 80 左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
【写作指导】
1，倡议书特点及写作步骤
题型特点：通常指提倡或呼吁开展某项有意义的活动、推行某种行之有效的做法。
写作思路与步骤 ：
第一步：发出倡议的背景、原因和目的。倡议书、呼吁信的发出贵在引起响应，只有交待清楚原因、背景、事实，并申明目的，才会使呼吁方理解和信服并展开行动。(why & what)
第二步：倡议的具体内容和要求。内容具体化才能体现它的意义和行动价值。最好分条列举，做到清晰明确，一目了然。(how)
第三步：结尾要表示倡议者的决心和希望。(appeal)
2，开头段可以常规处理，即：
自我介绍+背景+写信目的。
1. I am Li Hua, ... (同位语，如Chairman of the Students Union). Given that ...(有关主题的现象) has become a serious issue, I'm writing to appeal to you to ....
2. I am Li Hua, ... (同位语，如Chairman of the Students Union). Nowadays it is common to see that students do sth. ... (有关主题的具体问题) . To solve this problem, I’d like to call on you to ....
3，好用过渡词：
1. 首先 To begin with, … / First and foremost, … / In the first place, …
2. 其次 What’s more, … / In addition, … / Moreover, ...
3. 最后 Last but not least, …
【参考范文】
Power Saving—A must for Everyone
As is known to us, without electricity the society cannot run smoothly. But around us, electricity is often regrettably wasted, in contrast to which many places have been suffering severe power shortage since this summer. Therefore, it’s essential for us to save electricity.
First and foremost, we should make it a habit to save electricity and practice it in our workday life. For example, when leaving the room, we should turn off the lights. Moreover, we should remind more people around us, such as our parents, close relatives and friends, of the importance of savingelectricity. Many hands make light work.
Dear fellow students, let’s join in/take an active part in the power saving action, start from ourselves, and act from now on!
The Student’s Union
切实可行的省电小妙招：
1. turn off the lights when leaving
2. have more outdoor activities instead of staying at home playing electronic devices
3. use power-saving electric appliance
结尾处其他好用句型：
Without doubt, it’s high time that we took some measures to change the present situation.
We should spare no effort to ...because only in this way can we...
Let’s join our hands and take immediate actions to ....
Let’s take action right now! I’m convinced that our efforts will eventually pay off.
Let’s make joint efforts to .....
Key:1.to take 2.to skip 3.to get 4.It 5.to use 6.to be invited 7.to bring 8.is 9.for 10. to balance 11.To save 12.of