人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 4 Sharing Review Useful Structures 被动语态导学案（含答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 4 Sharing Review Useful Structures 被动语态导学案（含答案） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2024-04-09 18:51:26 | ||
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选四U1第五课时 The passive voice——被动语态
【学习目标】：
1.掌握被动语态的概念
2.掌握各个时态的被动语态的结构及用法
3.能够正确解答被动语态相关题目
4.掌握邀请信的写作
【导入】：
英语动词有两种语态：
主动语态(the active voice）——主语是动作的（发出者/承受者）
被动语态(the passive voice) ——主语是动作的（发出者/承受者）
We planted the trees.（ 语态）
The trees were planted by us.（ 语态）
【教学内容】
一、被动语态结构：be done
be负责时态变化，相当于助V. done体现被动，过去分词恒定不变
合作探究：
二、不同时态的被动语态
1.一般现在时： Football is played in most countries in the world.
2.一般过去时：The fish was caught by Mr. Green.
3.一般将来时：Will the house be built next year
4.过去将来时：He knew he would be punished for drunk driving.
5.现在进行时：Another bridge is being built over the river.
6.过去进行时：This road was being built this time last year.
7.现在完成时： No agreement has been reached so far by the two sides.
8.过去完成时： When we got to the cinema, all the tickets had been sold out.
9. 其他形式的被动语态
1). 情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词 + be + 过去分词”构成。
2). 短语动词的被动语态
有一些短语动词相当于及物动词，可以有被动语态。含有短语动词的主动句变为被动句时，其中的介词或副词不可漏掉。
三、被动语态的用法
1，强调动作的承受者（宾语）。
Many houses _______________ (destroy) in the earthquake last year.
A new idea already ___________________(suggest)by him.
2，没有必要指出（不知道）动作的执行者。
Do you know when the first train _______________(produce) in China
【巩固提升】：
1. The most delicious cake in the world _______(make) by Mum. Please wait an hour to enjoy it.
2. A lot of differences can ______(find) between the two languages.
3. If city noises ______(not keep) from increasing, people will have to shout to be heard even at the dinner table in 20 years.
4. A new cinema _____(build) here. They hope to finish it next month.
5. The design of the new bridge ______(finish) by the end of last month.
6. After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it _______(decorate).
7. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ______(rebuild).
8. Don't worry. The hard work that you do now _______(repay) later in life.
9. In the last few years thousands of films
_______(produce) all over the world.
10. Have you heard about that fire in the market
Yes, fortunately no one ______(hurt).
11. The school board is made up of parents who ______(elect) to make decisions about school affairs.
12. If nothing ______(do) , the oceans will turn into fish deserts.
13. So what is the procedure
All the applicants ______(interview) before a final decision is made by the authority.
14. We are confident that the environment
______(improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution.
15. The famous musician, as well as his students, _______( invite) to perform at the opening ceremony last night.
链接高考：
1.（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
2.（2022浙江1月卷）Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane _________ (view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.
3.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _________ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind
4.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It _______ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
5.（2021浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy.
6.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order.
7.（2020新高考）The parts of a museum open to the public _________ (call) galleries or rooms.
8.（2020全国III卷）The artist was sure he would _________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.
9.（2020北京卷）Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they_________ (throw) away.
四、新高考英语书信写作指导：邀请信
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请给你的美国朋友Jim写一封邮件，告诉他你打算参加龙舟训练营，希望他一起参加。邮件的内容包括：
1. 介绍训练营的相关内容(例如：时间、地点、参加者等)；
2. 说明你打算参加的原因；
3. 询问对方的意向。
注意：
1. 词数不少于50；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：龙舟训练营 Dragon Boat Training Camp
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【写作指导】
(一) 审题：确定体裁、人称和时态。
该书面表达任务是写一封邀请信，属于应用文范畴；正文以第一人称和第二人称为主；时态以一般现在时和一般将来时为主。
(二) 确定文章结构、列出写作要点。
此邀请信正文可以分为三段。
第一段表明写信目的：(1)邀请Jim和自己一起参加龙舟训练营。
第二段介绍训练营的相关内容及询问对方态度；(2)训练营的开办时间；(3) 训练营招收的人员及参加训练营的好处；(4)询问对方意向。
第三段表明期盼：(5)希望对方接受邀请，一起参加训练营。
(三) 捕捉相关词汇、激活储备句型。
1. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
2. join sb. in doing sth. 加入某人一起做某事
3. join in/take part in/participate in 参加
4. accept/take up sb’s invitation 接受某人的邀请
5. can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事
6. make preparations for/ in preparation for… 为……做准备
7. I’m writing to invite you to…
8. I’m pleased to invite you to participate in …to be held from…to… in…
9. It is my pleasure/a great honor for me to invite you to…
10. On behalf of …, I would like to invite you to visit our university / my hometown.
11. I hope that you won’t decline/refuse/turn down my invitation．
12. Would you please let me know as soon as possible if you accept my invitation
13. I do hope you will be able to accept our invitation.
14. It would be much appreciated if you could …
15. My family would feel honored by your presence.
16. We would be looking forward to your participation in the party.
【范文】
Dear Jim,
I’m writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday. I intend to join a Dragon Boat Training Camp. I wonder if you’d like to go with me①.
This camp will open on July 20th. It offers teenagers, like you and me, a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture. If you are interested in it, let me know and I’ll send you more information②.
Hope to meet you at the training camp this summer.
Yours,
Li Hua
【名师点评】
1. 总体评价：此邀请信正文结构紧凑，思路清晰，要点齐全，添加信息合理。正文共分三段：第一段表明写信目的；第二段介绍训练营的相关内容及询问对方态度；第三段表示期望。写作重点为第二段。范文用词准确，语言通顺、连贯，衔接自然。
2. 亮点展示：①处为I wonder if…结构；②处为主从复合句，含有if引导的条件状语从句。
写作指导
1. 明确文体特点
邀请信是日常生活和工作中常用的一种信函，形式上大体分为两种：一种为正规格式，亦称为请柬；一种为非正规格式，即一般的邀请信。虽然一般邀请信在形式上不需要非常正规，但是叙事一定要清楚明白。
2. 确定正文结构
邀请信是邀请收信人参加某项活动的书信，应包含三个方面：(1) 邀请对方参加活动的内容、时间和地点；(2) 与该活动有关的注意事项；(3) 期待对方接受邀请，并表示感谢。
3. 恰当使用时态
一般来说，邀请信多表示邀请对方参与将要举行的活动，故时态以一般将来时为主；当需要介绍客观情况时，可用一般现在时。
4. 把握语言特点
邀请信应简洁、真诚。陈述写信目的时，应该直截了当。语气要真诚，让对方感受到你的诚意。
【写作训练】
假设你是学校足球队队长陈辉，请你根据以下要点写一封信，邀请你新认识的外籍朋友Tom加入足球队：1. 发出邀请；2. 介绍足球队情况；3. 期盼Tom加入。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Chen Hui
【参考范文】
Dear Tom,
How are you doing I’m writing to invite you to join our school football team.
Our school football team was set up six months ago. Now it consists of 28 members. In our spare time, we often train hard and our skills have been greatly improved. We have participated in many football matches and have won first prize many times. By playing football together, we have built up our bodies and developed our team spirit. If you join us, you are bound to benefit a lot.
Hope to meet you in our school football team.
Yours sincerely,
Chen Hui
【学习目标】：
1.掌握被动语态的概念
2.掌握各个时态的被动语态的结构及用法
3.能够正确解答被动语态相关题目
4.掌握邀请信的写作
【导入】：
英语动词有两种语态：
主动语态(the active voice）——主语是动作的（发出者/承受者）
被动语态(the passive voice) ——主语是动作的（发出者/承受者）
We planted the trees.（ 语态）
The trees were planted by us.（ 语态）
【教学内容】
一、被动语态结构：be done
be负责时态变化，相当于助V. done体现被动，过去分词恒定不变
合作探究：
二、不同时态的被动语态
1.一般现在时： Football is played in most countries in the world.
2.一般过去时：The fish was caught by Mr. Green.
3.一般将来时：Will the house be built next year
4.过去将来时：He knew he would be punished for drunk driving.
5.现在进行时：Another bridge is being built over the river.
6.过去进行时：This road was being built this time last year.
7.现在完成时： No agreement has been reached so far by the two sides.
8.过去完成时： When we got to the cinema, all the tickets had been sold out.
9. 其他形式的被动语态
1). 情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词 + be + 过去分词”构成。
2). 短语动词的被动语态
有一些短语动词相当于及物动词，可以有被动语态。含有短语动词的主动句变为被动句时，其中的介词或副词不可漏掉。
三、被动语态的用法
1，强调动作的承受者（宾语）。
Many houses _______________ (destroy) in the earthquake last year.
A new idea already ___________________(suggest)by him.
2，没有必要指出（不知道）动作的执行者。
Do you know when the first train _______________(produce) in China
【巩固提升】：
1. The most delicious cake in the world _______(make) by Mum. Please wait an hour to enjoy it.
2. A lot of differences can ______(find) between the two languages.
3. If city noises ______(not keep) from increasing, people will have to shout to be heard even at the dinner table in 20 years.
4. A new cinema _____(build) here. They hope to finish it next month.
5. The design of the new bridge ______(finish) by the end of last month.
6. After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it _______(decorate).
7. They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house ______(rebuild).
8. Don't worry. The hard work that you do now _______(repay) later in life.
9. In the last few years thousands of films
_______(produce) all over the world.
10. Have you heard about that fire in the market
Yes, fortunately no one ______(hurt).
11. The school board is made up of parents who ______(elect) to make decisions about school affairs.
12. If nothing ______(do) , the oceans will turn into fish deserts.
13. So what is the procedure
All the applicants ______(interview) before a final decision is made by the authority.
14. We are confident that the environment
______(improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution.
15. The famous musician, as well as his students, _______( invite) to perform at the opening ceremony last night.
链接高考：
1.（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
2.（2022浙江1月卷）Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane _________ (view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.
3.（2022浙江卷）To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting _________ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind
4.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It _______ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
5.（2021浙江1月卷）It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy.
6.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order.
7.（2020新高考）The parts of a museum open to the public _________ (call) galleries or rooms.
8.（2020全国III卷）The artist was sure he would _________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.
9.（2020北京卷）Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they_________ (throw) away.
四、新高考英语书信写作指导：邀请信
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请给你的美国朋友Jim写一封邮件，告诉他你打算参加龙舟训练营，希望他一起参加。邮件的内容包括：
1. 介绍训练营的相关内容(例如：时间、地点、参加者等)；
2. 说明你打算参加的原因；
3. 询问对方的意向。
注意：
1. 词数不少于50；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：龙舟训练营 Dragon Boat Training Camp
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【写作指导】
(一) 审题：确定体裁、人称和时态。
该书面表达任务是写一封邀请信，属于应用文范畴；正文以第一人称和第二人称为主；时态以一般现在时和一般将来时为主。
(二) 确定文章结构、列出写作要点。
此邀请信正文可以分为三段。
第一段表明写信目的：(1)邀请Jim和自己一起参加龙舟训练营。
第二段介绍训练营的相关内容及询问对方态度；(2)训练营的开办时间；(3) 训练营招收的人员及参加训练营的好处；(4)询问对方意向。
第三段表明期盼：(5)希望对方接受邀请，一起参加训练营。
(三) 捕捉相关词汇、激活储备句型。
1. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
2. join sb. in doing sth. 加入某人一起做某事
3. join in/take part in/participate in 参加
4. accept/take up sb’s invitation 接受某人的邀请
5. can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事
6. make preparations for/ in preparation for… 为……做准备
7. I’m writing to invite you to…
8. I’m pleased to invite you to participate in …to be held from…to… in…
9. It is my pleasure/a great honor for me to invite you to…
10. On behalf of …, I would like to invite you to visit our university / my hometown.
11. I hope that you won’t decline/refuse/turn down my invitation．
12. Would you please let me know as soon as possible if you accept my invitation
13. I do hope you will be able to accept our invitation.
14. It would be much appreciated if you could …
15. My family would feel honored by your presence.
16. We would be looking forward to your participation in the party.
【范文】
Dear Jim,
I’m writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday. I intend to join a Dragon Boat Training Camp. I wonder if you’d like to go with me①.
This camp will open on July 20th. It offers teenagers, like you and me, a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture. If you are interested in it, let me know and I’ll send you more information②.
Hope to meet you at the training camp this summer.
Yours,
Li Hua
【名师点评】
1. 总体评价：此邀请信正文结构紧凑，思路清晰，要点齐全，添加信息合理。正文共分三段：第一段表明写信目的；第二段介绍训练营的相关内容及询问对方态度；第三段表示期望。写作重点为第二段。范文用词准确，语言通顺、连贯，衔接自然。
2. 亮点展示：①处为I wonder if…结构；②处为主从复合句，含有if引导的条件状语从句。
写作指导
1. 明确文体特点
邀请信是日常生活和工作中常用的一种信函，形式上大体分为两种：一种为正规格式，亦称为请柬；一种为非正规格式，即一般的邀请信。虽然一般邀请信在形式上不需要非常正规，但是叙事一定要清楚明白。
2. 确定正文结构
邀请信是邀请收信人参加某项活动的书信，应包含三个方面：(1) 邀请对方参加活动的内容、时间和地点；(2) 与该活动有关的注意事项；(3) 期待对方接受邀请，并表示感谢。
3. 恰当使用时态
一般来说，邀请信多表示邀请对方参与将要举行的活动，故时态以一般将来时为主；当需要介绍客观情况时，可用一般现在时。
4. 把握语言特点
邀请信应简洁、真诚。陈述写信目的时，应该直截了当。语气要真诚，让对方感受到你的诚意。
【写作训练】
假设你是学校足球队队长陈辉，请你根据以下要点写一封信，邀请你新认识的外籍朋友Tom加入足球队：1. 发出邀请；2. 介绍足球队情况；3. 期盼Tom加入。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Chen Hui
【参考范文】
Dear Tom,
How are you doing I’m writing to invite you to join our school football team.
Our school football team was set up six months ago. Now it consists of 28 members. In our spare time, we often train hard and our skills have been greatly improved. We have participated in many football matches and have won first prize many times. By playing football together, we have built up our bodies and developed our team spirit. If you join us, you are bound to benefit a lot.
Hope to meet you in our school football team.
Yours sincerely,
Chen Hui