2024年人教版中考英语复习 语篇翻译专题训练 (无答案）

语篇翻译专题训练
一、考点
中考语篇翻译题主要是考查跨文化意识、理解和文化品格等，还考查对常用短语搭配、习惯用语、语法规则和重要句型的表达运用，也考查对句子结构、语法知识，以及简单的翻译技巧(省略、补充、词义选择及引申、词性转换、长句拆分、逆序翻译等)的掌握。
翻译涉及各类重要句型结构：宾语从句(2022年第68题，2020年第65题)、定语从句(2018年第66题)、状语从句(2020年第69题)，动词短语(2021年第70题)、名词短语(2021年第66题)、最高级用法(2023年第66题)，固定句式结构(2019年第67题，2022年第70题，2023年第68题)等。
二、解题策略
1．连词的翻译
英语中连词用得多，汉语中连词用得少。英译汉时，有些连词可以省译。汉译英，要适当增加连词，使成文连贯。如：
(1) If winter comes, can spring be far behind
(如果)冬天来了，春天还会久远吗？(省译)
(2) Though that dream has not come true, now he is successful.
虽然那个梦想没有实现，但是现在他成功了。(补译)
2．It句型翻译
引导词it作形式主语、形式宾语时，本身没有独立意义，可以省译。熟记it句型，做到英汉互译自如。如：
(1)It was difficult to remember all the faces and names.
要记住所有的面孔和名字很难。
(2)I think it hard for them to understand your joke.
我认为，对他们来说，明白你的笑话很难。
(3) 我发现学好英语是很难的。
I find it difficult to learn English well .
(4)It took the volunteers the whole afternoon to clean up the park.
志愿者花了整整一个下午打扫公园。
(5）我花了一个小时来完成英语家庭作业。
It took me an hour to finish my English homework.
3．定语从句的翻译
对于较短的定语从句，英译汉时，可译成带“的”的前置定语，可把复合句译成简单句。对于结构复杂且较长的定语从句，在英译汉时，可将其后置，将整个句子结构译成并列句，并重复先行词。如：
(1)He was very thankful to the land where he grew up.
他很感谢他生长的这片土地。
(2)I met an old man who asked me to pay attention to health.
我遇到一位老人，这位老人要我注意健康。
4．被动语态的翻译
英语被动语态通常翻译成汉语主动句，可以翻译成汉语的无主语句，也可以保留原文主语。如：The blue sky is reflected(映衬) in the deep blue lake.　
蓝蓝的天空映衬在深蓝色的湖水中。
5．词性的区别
当翻译“一词多义”的英语单词时，需要明白单词在原文中所要表达的含义，继而选择适当的词语表述。如：
(1)Excuse me, where is the bus stop
请问公共汽车站在哪儿？
(2)The doctor asked my father to stop smoking.
医生让我父亲停止抽烟。
注意：调整语序
(1)单词作状语修饰动词时，英后中前。 如：
Modern science and technology are developing rapidly. (后置)
现代科学技术正在迅速发展。(前置)
(2)时间、地点顺序
①英语中，地点在前、时间在后。如：
He was born in Beijing on May 20，1970. (地点在前)
他是1970年5月20日在北京出生的。(时间在前)
②英语中时间状语、地点状语的排列一般是从小到大，汉语中则是从大到小。如：
Qingdao, Shandong Province 山东(省)青岛
(3)逻辑顺序的调整
①因果顺序，英语灵活，汉语中多数情况是原因在前，结果在后。
②条件(假设)与结果的顺序，英语灵活，在汉语中则是条件在前，结果在后。
如：
I still hope you will come back if arrangements could be made. (后置)
如果安排得好，我还是希望你来。(前置)
(一)[2022长沙]
When people say Chinese culture, we often think of paper cutting. 1. Paper cutting is an art form with a_long history in China. Traditional paper－cuts were first put on windows for decoration(装饰). That is why paper－cuts are also called “window flowers”.
Most paper－cuts are made of red paper, because red means good luck in Chinese culture. Today, people use paper－cuts to decorate not only windows, but also doors and other furniture(家具). 2. Sometimes, people use them as gifts.
Paper－cuts are popular because of their expressions of good wishes and hopes. During the Spring Festival, for example, many people put up paper－cuts of the Chinese character(汉字)“Fu”upside down on the door. 3. 他们希望这会给他们带来好运。 At wedding ceremonies(婚礼), you can always see paper－cuts of the character “Xi”. It means that the new couple can enjoy happiness together.
Paper cutting has developed into different styles in different parts of China. 4. Paper－cuts from the north of China usually have interesting shapes. In southern China, people prefer paper－cuts with the themes(主题) of flowers, fruit, birds and fish.
5. 学习剪纸非常容易。 With a piece of paper and a knife or a pair of scissors, you can try to make your own paper－cuts. Although paper cutting is easy to start with, you need a lot of practice and imagination to become really good at it.
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(二) [2021长沙]
Yangge is a kind of traditional Chinese folk(民间的) dance. The performers(表演者) dance to music with handkerchiefs(手帕) or fans in their hands. 1. It's a very popular festival activity in north China.
Yangge may have different forms from place to place, but all of them express happiness. 2. 很多人非常喜欢秧歌。 Most dancers are young men and young women. Some are even old ladies. Almost every village in northern Shaanxi Province has yangge teams. 3. They begin to prepare yangge even a month before the Chinese New Year. During the Spring Festival, the yangge teams pay New Year's calls from house to house.
4. They wish people a happy New Year by dancing yangge in the streets. Some young men often play the drums, and the performers wave red silk bands(挥舞红绸带)． People set off firecrackers(鞭炮) to welcome the dancers. 5. 他们邀请表演者品尝自制食物。 The sounds of songs, drums and firecrackers form an air of festivity in the village.
Nowadays, yangge has spread into city parks, streets and squares, and it has developed into a kind of popular exercise for city people.
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(一)原创试题
Do you know the idea of game literacy(素养) 1. 素养是一种读、写、说、听的能力。 It is a way that lets us communicate and learn about the world. Game literacy on the other hand means the ability to access(接触), understand, and even create games.
On Feb.13th, a report on video game literacy among young Chinese people was released(发布) by the China Audio－Video and Digital Publishing Association(CADPA中国音像与数字出版协会). The report showed that Chinese teenagers' game literacy has improved, with the score reaching 81.38 out of 100. 2. For example, more than 60 percent of teenagers can know whether the information in games follows historical facts or reality(现实). And 55.3 percent can know harmful information.
“Teenagers also have a strong awareness(意识) of the bad influence of games, and have a sense of self－control while playing games，”said Ao Ran, secretary general of the CADPA. More than 75 percent of gamers in China aged under 18 have limited(限制) their playing time to three hours a week. Still, there are gender(性别) and area differences in game literacy. 3. Boys, who are usually more interested in games, have better game literacy than girls. Teenagers in first－and second－tier(二线的) cities perform better than those in rural(农村的) areas.
Another problem is that teenagers know little about how to protect privacy(隐私). 4. They easily share personal information with other gamers. To improve the situation, Ao Ran suggests highly promoting the idea of game literacy. 5. 家庭、学校和社区需要齐心协力。 They can connect literacy education with family, schools and public activities. More attention should be paid to less－developed areas to bridge the game literacy difference as well.
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(二)原创试题
Don't Doubt Yourself!
Have you ever doubted your abilities or believed that you are not successful Then you may have impostor syndrome(冒充者综合征).
Researchers from Germany have recently found that this syndrome can happen to people of different age, gender(性别) or intelligence.
What is impostor syndrome？1. Although it's often called a“syndrome”， impostor syndrome is not an actual disease—it's a bad way of thinking. People who have experienced impostor syndrome might have thoughts like “I'm a failure” or “I have to work harder than everyone else”．
2. They might also feel that their achievements are not worth of any praise. They believe any of their success is because of luck rather than their skills or hard work. 3. Impostor syndrome influences many people around the world, from teens to adults. It might surprise you that many successful people experience this as well.
How can impostor syndrome be overcome？It's important to remember that this feeling is very normal. 4. 一种方法是停止把你自己与别人做比较。 Quite often, you don't see the full picture of another person's success. British physicist Anthony Leggett, who won a Nobel Prize in 2003, said, “I didn't take part in standard high school physics, so I have always been a bit confused(疑惑的) about simple things like why the noise from a kettle(水壶) stops as the water nears boiling.”
5. 擅长于每一件事情对每个人来说是不可能的。 Next time you doubt your abilities, remember that it's perfectly normal and you can work to overcome those feelings.
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(三)原创试题
Spend Your Holiday in a Smart Way with These Apps!
Grammarly
English grammar can be very difficult sometimes. 1. Even people from the US and the UK have trouble with English grammar. Grammarly is great for checking spelling, grammar and other kinds of mistakes. All you need to do is change your phone keyboard to Grammarly. Then just type your message. Grammarly will check your words and see if you made a mistake.
Next, the app will show you how to correct the mistake and why it is wrong. 2. The app still works even if the word is spelled correctly, but used incorrectly. One example is “your” and “you're”. Grammarly is here to help!
Mathway
Are you good at math Do you always want to use a calculator(计算器) to help solve math problems Now there is an app that does even more. It's called Mathway. This app can show you how to solve difficult math problems. Even better, the app can explain each step for solving math problems. This way, 3. 你能够理解怎么去解决一个数学问题。 This skill is important in math classes in school. 4. 它将会使学数学简单得多。
Watoo
We are all very busy. School, studies, family—so many things to do! How can we better organize ourselves Watoo can help us sort(分类) our tasks so we can focus more easily. What is most interesting about Watoo is its colorful faces. 5. We can organize our tasks by using these colorful faces. A big red face means a task is really important. A small, happy yellow face means we can take our time. Use this app to organize your tasks in a fun way.
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(四)[2023岳阳]
This is a story about Jamyang(将央), a student from Tibet. He is now studying at No.1 High school of Yueyang. Tibetan New Year(藏历新年) was on March 3rd this year. It was 9：00 a．m. and Jamyang's family were at home. 1. His mother and grandmother were making traditional food to celebrate Tibetan New Year.
His father and uncle were watching New Year's celebrations on TV. Was Jamyang watching TV and enjoying a big meal No, he was talking on the phone to his elder brother at his host family's. His host family is very nice. 2. 他们尽力让他感到宾至如归。 Jamyang's Han mother knew that he missed Tibetan food a lot, so she cooked traditional beef and onion dumplings for him. Jamyang found there were no differences between the dumplings cooked by the two mothers.
Jamyang's Han mother has a teenage daughter about Jamyang's age who is really kind. 3. She always talks with Jamyang in Putonghua to help him practice. Jamyang has more chances to express himself. His classmates couldn't believe how quickly his Putonghua has improved. He's very comfortable speaking Putonghua now.
After that, Jamyang's Han father bought him a new bicycle as the New Year's gift. 4. 将央感到如此开心以至于他想和寄宿家庭一起骑自行车。 They spent the whole afternoon visiting each place in the countryside. On the farm, they took some pictures. When they had fun, Jamyang was brought to the life filled with laughter and warmth. 5. At that time, Jamyang had a better understanding of true love.
Thanks to Jamyang's host family, he had a special Tibetan New Year. Jamyang likes Yueyang and his host family, and he thinks the 56 nationalities(民族) are one big family.
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(五)原创试题
China is famous for the panda. 1. 熊猫是世界上最受欢迎的动物之一。A giant panda can grow up to 1.5 meters long and weigh up to 160 kg. People think the panda is very lovely. So it is not surprising that the WWF(世界自然基金会) chose the giant panda as its symbol. 2. The WWF teaches people something about pandas and raises money to save them.
The panda once lived in a few parts of Asia, but now they live only in some parts in China. 3. In the early 1980s, there were only 1，000 left in the wild. A giant panda does not have many babies, and baby pandas often die. 4. The main reason why pandas are endangered is that the area where pandas can live has become smaller. The government is trying its best to help pandas in the wild in many ways.
On the one hand, the government has built more natural parks which are big enough for pandas to live in. 5. 另一方面， 政府应该让更多的人意识到保护熊猫的重要性。
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(六)[2023郴州改编]
Astronauts would face dangers both getting to and surviving(生存) on Mars. Let's learn about surviving a trip to Mars.
What would it take to keep people safe and healthy on a trip to Mars Scientists are already working on it though the trip may be many years later.
Over the last 60 years, many spacecraft(航天器) have flown by, orbited(沿轨道运行) and even landed on the Red Planet. However, humans could work faster and smarter than machines. 1. That's why the United States, China and other countries want to send people to Mars. But surviving this trip would not be easy.
A trip to Mars would be the farthest journey in human history. Mars is about 225 million kilometers away, so it would take astronauts at least six months to reach there. 2. 然而，到达月球只需要几天时间。
While space travel is never free of danger, it takes a lot more health risks to travel in space for a long time. 3. For one thing, staying in space for long periods makes the human body weak. Also, it puts pressure behind the eyes and causes eye problems. But gravity(重力) machines could help.
Then there's space radiation(辐射) to worry about. It might raise the risk of health problems, especially for astronauts who will have long journeys. 4. 科学家们正在解决这些问题。 They have found taking certain vitamins(维生素) can help.
Astronauts will have to pack light to lift off from Earth. But they won't be able to get things they need like astronauts on the space station do. 5. Astronauts on the space station practice for this by growing lettuce and other food in space. Engineers are developing 3－D printing techniques which could allow future Mars astronauts to build tools as needed.
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