人教版七年级下册Unit3How do you get to school?核心知识点讲义（无答案）

Unit 3 How do you get to school
一、必背短语
get to+地点名词 到达某地 get to school 到校
get to work 去上班 get home 到家【中间不加介词to】
get here 到这里【中间不加介词to】 get there 到那里【中间不加介词to】
get home from school 放学回家 take the train 乘火车
take the bus 乘公共汽车 take the subway 乘地铁
ride a/one’s bike 骑自行车 walk to school 步行去学校
on foot 步行 walk to school = go to school on foot 走路去上学
How long ... 多久？多长(时间)？ How far ... 多远？
from ... to ... 从……到…… about one hour and thirty minutes 大约一个小时三十分钟
by bike 骑自行车 by car/taxi 坐汽车/出租车
by subway 坐地铁 by train 乘火车
by plane 乘飞机 by boat 坐船
by ship 乘轮船 by bus 乘公共汽车
drive to work = go to work by car 开车去上班 fly to Beijing = go to Beijing by plane 乘飞机去北京
five kilometers 五公里 twelve minutes 十二分钟
your new bike 你的新自行车 my old bike 我的旧自行车
every day 每天 everyday adj.每天的；日常的
from your home to school 从你家到学校 I’m not sure. 我不确定。
take the school bus 乘校车 one hundred and five 一百零五
one hundred 一百 five hundred 五百
bus stop/station 公共汽车站 train station 火车站
subway station 地铁站 city subway station 城铁站
want to know ... 想知道…… see/visit my grandparents 看望我的祖父母
go there 去那里 come here 来这里
one or two times 一到两次 one or two times a year 一年一到两次
his/her grandparents’ home 他/她祖父母的家 cross a/the river (to school) 过河(上学)
some years ago 几年前 for many students 对许多学生来说
in a small village 在一个小村庄 in China 在中国
easy adj.容易的；简单的 difficult adj.困难的
between...and... 在……和……之间 go on a ropeway 乘/坐索道，滑铁索
an 11-year-old boy 一个11岁的男孩 an 8-year-old boy 一个8岁的男孩
an 18-year-old boy 一个18岁的男孩 a 12-year-old girl 一个12岁的女孩
at the bus stop/station 在公共汽车站 every day 每天
play with ... 和……玩耍 be afraid of (doing) sth. 害怕(做)某事/某物
be afraid to do sth. 害怕/不敢做某事 many of the students = many students 许多学生
come true 实现；成为现实 have a bridge 拥有一座桥
the villagers’ dream 村民们的梦想 at school 在学校
in the US. 在美国 a pen pal 一个笔友
every school day 每个上学日 on school days 在上学日
love to do sth. 喜爱做某事 love doing sth. 喜爱做某事
Thanks for (doing) sth. 谢谢……；因（做某事）而感谢
What do you think of ... How do you like ... 你认为……怎么样？ 【用来询问某人对某事、某物或某人的看法。】
It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多少时间。
It is +形容词(adj.) + (for sb.) + to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事是……的。 【本句中It是形式主语，动词不定式to do sth.是真正的主语。】
二、课本【功能词】补充
place [ple s] n.地点；场所 places of interest 风景名胜
next to [介词短语] 紧挨着……；靠近……；在……旁边
correct [k rekt] adj.正确的；合适的 【incorrect adj.错误的】 v.改正；纠正 a correct answer 一个正确的答案 an incorrect answer 一个错误的答案 Correct your answer, please. 请改正你的答案。
check [t ek] v./n.检查；核对 Check your answers, please. 请核对你的答案。
information [ nf me ( )n] n.信息【不可数名词】
practice n./v. 练习 practice doing sth. 练习做某事 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
※※※※※动词(v.) take 【①】“拿(走)；带(走)” I want to take some books to school. 我想带几本书去学校。 His father often takes him to the library. 他爸爸经常带他去图书馆。 【②】“买下” This dress is very nice. I’ll take it. 这条连衣裙很不错。我买了。 【③】乘坐(车、飞机、轮船等) Take the/a bus/train/subway/car/boat/plane 乘公共汽车/火车/地铁/汽车/船/飞机 Lisa usually takes the school bus to school. 莉萨通常乘校车去上学。 【④】“花费(时间)” ★★★★★ It+takes sb.+时间+to do sth. 做某事花费某人……（时间）。 【本句中it用作形式主语，动词不定式to do sth.是真正的主语】 It takes her about ten minutes to get to school. 她到学校大约要花十分钟时间。 How long does it take you to get to school 你到学校要花多长时间？ 【⑤】take的常用短语 ★ take a shower 洗淋浴 ★ take a walk 去散步 ★ take a photo 拍照 ★ take photos 拍照 ★ take away 拿走；带走 ★ take/do exercise 运动；锻炼 ★ take the subway 坐地铁 ★ take the train 乘火车
询问交通方式。用特殊疑问词How；答语通常有以下4种： ① take + the/a +交通工具； --How does your mother go to work --She takes the train to work. ② by+交通工具； --How do you go to school --By school bus. ③ on/in +冠词/物主代词 + 交通工具； --How do your friends go to school --They go to school on their bikes. ④ 直接用对应动词。 --How does Mike get home from school --He walks.
hundred [ h ndr d] num.一百 thousand [ θa z( )nd] num.一千 当hundred和thousand前面有具体数字时，其后不加s，表示一个确切的数字； eight hundred 八百 three hundred and fifty-six 三百五十六 seven thousand 七千 当hundred和thousand前面没有具体数字时，它们后面既要加s，还要再加一个介词of构成短语，表示一个不确定的数字； ★★ hundreds of ... 数以百计的；成百上千的 ★★ thousands of ... 数以千计的；成千上万的 口诀→→→→→【有s有of；无s无of】
特殊疑问词How far，意为“多远”，用来询问距离或路程； 常用句型： ① How far is it from A to B 从A到B有多远？ ② How far is B from A 从A到B有多远？ 答语： It’s ... meter(s) / mile(s) / kilometer(s) away. 有……米/英里/千米(远)。 --How far is it from the library to the school --It’s about three miles. --How far is the school from the library --It’s about three miles. 【注意】 在回答How far的提问时，通常有两种情况： ①有具体的数字时，要与away from连用，表示具体距离的计量，口语中away可以省略； ②没有具体数字时，应用far（远的）或near（近的）回答； --How far is it from your home to school --It’s twenty kilometers away from my home to school. It’s very far.
drive [dra v] v.开车；驾车 【熟词生义： 迫使；驱使】 driver n.司机；驾驶员
village n.村庄；村镇 villager n.村民
live v.居住；生活 live in+地点名词 住在…… I live in Shanghai. 我住上海。 live with sb. 和……一起住 Sarah lives in Beijing with her parents. 萨拉和她的父母一起住在北京。 live a ... life 过着……的生活 The old man lives a healthy and happy life. 这位老人过着健康又快乐的生活。
type n.类型；种类 a type of ... 一种…… two types of ... 两种……
transportation / tr nsp : te ( )n/ n.交通工具
news n.新闻 【不可数名词】 paper n.纸张 【不可数名词】 newspaper n.报纸 【可数名词】
leave v.离开 leave for ... 出发去…… The little boy never leaves the small village. 这个小男孩从没离开过这个小村庄。 I want to leave for Changsha. 我想出发去偿还撒。
not ... anymore ... 不再 The children don’t have to go on the ropeway to get to school anymore. 孩子们再也不用滑铁索去上学了。
have to 必须；不得不 There is no bridge across the river, so we have to go on a ropeway to get to school. 河上没有桥，因此我们不得不滑铁索去学校。
三个“到达” ①get to + 地点名词 ②arrive in/at + 地点名词 ③reach + 地点名词 ※※※※※ home/here/there前面省略介词。 You want to know how I get to school, right 你想知道我是如何上学的，对吗？ How do you get to school 你怎样到学校？ Don’t arrive late for class. 上课别迟到。
兼类词stop ①用作名词(n.)，意为“车站”； at the bus stop 在公共汽车站 The bus stop is not far from my school. 公共汽车站离我的学校不远。 ②用作动词(v.)，意为“停止”； stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 Let’s stop to have a rest. 让我们停下来休息一下吧。 Stop talking, please. 请停止说话！
cross v.越过；横穿 n.十字形，叉形记号 The little boy can’t cross the road by himself. 这个小男孩不能独自过马路。 Let’s cross the road now. 我们现在过马路吧。 The teacher marked the question with a cross. 老师在这个问题上打了一个叉。 across prep./adv.在……对面；横过 I live across the road. 我住在马路对面。 I need to go across the bridge. 我需要过那座桥。 across from ... [介词短语]在……对面 crossing n.十字路口 Turn left at the second crossing. 在第二个十字路口左转。
between prep.“在……之间” 【一般用于两者之间】 between ... and ... “在……和……之间” among prep.“在……中” 【一般用于三者或三者以上的人或物之中】 among all the subjects 在所有的学科中
an 11-year-old boy 一个11岁的男孩 由“数词+连字符+名词（+连字符+形容词）构成的复合形容词”，有两个特点： ①数词、名词和形容词之间要有连字符； ②数词后的名词用单数形式。
He’s like a father to me. 此处like用作介词(prep.)，意为“像”。 【look like “看起来像”】 She is very like her mother. 她很像她的妈妈。 It looks like a picture. 它看起来像一幅画。 What is sb./sth. like “某人/某物是什么样的？” What is your cousin like 你的表弟是怎样的人？ What is the weather like = How is the weather “（今天）天气怎么样？”
dream n.梦想 v.做梦 Everyone has a dream. 每个人都有梦想。 I often had bad dreams at night. 我晚上经常做噩梦。 dream of/about (doing) sth. “梦想（做）……” Many people dream of becoming famous. 很多人梦想成名。
how，how long和how far引导的特殊疑问句 how，用来提问交通方式，意为“如何”； 答语：①主语+take(s)/ride(s)+限定词+表示交通工具的名词+to+地点名词； ②主语+go(es)/get(s) to+地点+by+表示交通工具的单数名词； ③主语+go(es)/get(s) to+地点+on/in+限定词+表示交通工具的名词。 how long，用来提问时间的长短或物体的长度，意为“多长时间”或“多长”； 答语：①It takes sb. + 时间 +to do sth. ②It’s about + 时间段。 how far，用来提问距离，意为“多远”； 答语：①It’s + 路程 +from A to B； ②A is + 路程 + from + B； ③It’s ... minutes’ walk/ride； ④It’s + 时间 + by +表示交通工具的单数名词。
句型It is +形容词(adj.)+ for sb. + to do sth. 【做某事对某人来说是……的。】 本句中的形容词通常是描述事物特征的词，比如difficult/hard“困难的”，easy“容易的”；important“重要的”，interesting“有趣的”等。 It is easy and fun for me to learn science. 学科学对我来说容易又有趣。 句型It is +形容词(adj.)+ of sb. + to do sth. 【某人做某事真是太……了。】 本句中的形容词通常是描述人物品质及性格特征的词，比如clever“聪明的”，kind“好的；善良的”，nice/good“好的”等。 It is very nice of you to help me. 你帮助我真是太好了。
三、经典句型
--How do you get to school 你怎样到学校？ --I walk. How about you 我步行。你呢？ --I ride my bike. 我骑自行车。
--How does Mary get to school 玛丽怎样到学校？ --She takes the subway. 她乘地铁。
--Does Jim walk to school 吉姆是走路去学校吗？ --No,he doesn’t. He rides his bike. 不是。他骑自行车。
--How do you get home from school 你怎样从学校回家？ --I take the bus. 我坐公共汽车。
--How long does it take to get to school 你到学校要用多长时间？ --It takes about 20 minutes. 大约20分钟。
--How far is it from the school to your home 从学校到你家有多远？ --Only about two kilometers. 只有大约2公里。
I only go home on weekends. 我只有周末才回家。
--Do they take the bus to school 他们乘公共汽车去上学吗？ --No, they don’t. They walk. 不是。他们步行。
The bus ride takes about twenty minutes. 乘公共汽车大约要用20分钟。
Jane lives about four kilometers from school. 简住的地方离学校大约有4公里远。
--Where do your grandparents live 你的祖父母住在哪里？ --They live very far from my home. 他们住的地方离我家很远。
I go there and see my grandparents only one or two times a year. 我一年只能去看望我的祖父母一到两次。
Wow! That’s a long trip. 真是一段漫长的旅途。
Mary wants to know where Bob’s grandparents lives. 玛丽想知道鲍勃的祖父母住在哪里。
What do you think of ... 你认为……怎么样？
Mary wants to know what Bob thinks of the trip. 玛丽想知道鲍勃是如何看待这趟旅程的。
There is a very big river between their school and the village. 在他们的学校和村庄之间有一条很大的河。
There is no bridge and the river runs too quickly for boats. (河上)没有桥梁，而且河水流得太急，不适合小船摆渡。
They cannot go by boat because the river runs too quickly. 他们不能乘船去（学校），因为河水流得太急。
He’s like a father to me. 他(对待我)像父亲一样。
Many of the students and villagers never leave the village. 许多学生和村民从来没有离开过这个村庄。
It is their dream to have a bridge. 拥有一座桥是他们的梦想。
Can their dream come true 他们的梦想能实现吗？
I’m sure your dream can come true. 我确定你的梦想能够实现。
For the students in the village, it is difficult to get to school. 对于这个村庄里的学生来说，到达学校是困难的。
四、小题练习
1. --________ does your mother go to work every day --By bike.
How How long How far
--________ does it take you to do your homework every day --About ________ hour.
How far; an How long; a How long; an
--________ is it from the park to the zoo --It’s ten ________ ride.
How long; minute’s How far; minutes How far; minutes’
It takes me fifteen minutes _______ from my home to the bus station.
walk to walk walking
There are sixty ________ in an hour.
minutes seconds days
David usually goes to visit his grandparents________ Saturday afternoon.
in on at
Tom sits ________ Amy and Jane.
from to between
--How do you ________ there --I take the subway.
get get to gets to
It’s difficult ________ me _______ English well.
for; learning to; to learn for; to learn
Mary ________ her bike to school every morning.
rides drives reads
John is ________ 8-year-old boy.
a an the
Thanks for ________ me home.
take to take taking
Eric doesn’t want to go to Shenzhen by ________plane. He wants to take ________train there.
a; / /; a a; a
In our school, every student has to choose a club to join, so about two ________ students have joined the Sports Club..
hundred hundreds hundreds of
The school is not far ________ his home, so he always goes to school ________ foot.
away; by from; on to; on
There is a river between his school and home, so he has to take a ________ to school.
plane bus boat
It is raining, but the boys don’t stop ________football in the playground.
play plays playing
--What do you ________ the transportation in your city --It’s so good.
think of think think over
For ________ students, they have too ________ homework to do every day.
much; many many; much many; many
The bus ride usually ________ about 30 minutes.
talks does takes
五、能力提升
【完形填空】
I have a good friend. ___1___ name is Tom Green. He is a school boy. His school is ___2___ from his home. Every day it ___3___ him a lot of time to get to school. The road(路) isn’t flat(平坦的), ___4___ he can’t ride his bike to school. He always ___5___ there by bus. It takes ___6___ about fifty minutes ___7___ a bus. He must ___8___ very early every morning. He has no time ___9___ breakfast at home. He usually has breakfast on the bus. He doesn’t want ___10___ late.
( )1.A. He B. Him C. His
( )2.A. far B. near C. between
( )3.A. take B. takes C. to take
( )4.A. because B. so C. but
( )5.A. get B. gets C. gets to
( )6.A. him B. he C. his
( )7.A. by B. in C. to take
( )8.A. get up B. gets up C. makes the bed
( )9.A. for B. to C. have
( )10.A. to B. to be C. be
【阅读理解】
People go to work in different ways. Some people go to work on foot because they live near their work-places. Some people go to work by bike because they live farther away, or they like riding bikes.They think it’s good for their health. Today more people have private(私人的) cars, so they can go to work in their own cars. In the south of China, many people even go to work by boat because water is around their houses. Will people go to work by plane I think so, if necessary(必要的).
根据短文内容,判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。
All people like to go to work by bike. ( )
Some people think it’s good to go to work by bike. ( )
Today more people drive to work. ( )
In the north of China, many people go to work by boat. ( )
The writer thinks some people will go to work by plane if necessary. ( )
Many people like to travel(旅行) by plane, but I don’t like it because an airport(飞机场)is usually far from the city. You have to get there early and wait for(等待) hours for the plane to take off(起飞) and it is often late. You can’t open the windows. You can’t choose(选择) the food. Planes are fast, but they still take hours to go out of the airport and into the city.
I like travelling by train. I think trains are safe. Railway stations are usually in cities.When you are late for a train, you can catch another one.You can walk around in the train and open the windows.You can see many interesting things on your way. I know it takes a little more time.
I also like cars. You can start your journey(旅行)when you want to, and you don’t need to get to a railway station or a bus stop. Also you can carry many things with you in a car. But sometimes there are too many cars on the road.
Why do many people like to travel by plane
A. Because it’s fast. B. Because it’s safe. C.Because it’s cheap.
17. Which is NOT the good thing about the train
A. It is safe and convenient (方便的).
B. It takes a little more time.
C. You can an open the windows and walk around in the train.
18. If you want to take a lot of things with you, you can take a _______.
A.bus B.car C.train
19. What is the bad thing about the car
A. You needn’t to go to a station.
B.You can start your journey when you want to.
C.There are too many cars on the road.
20. What does the writer think of the plane, train and car
A. He thinks it takes a lot of time to go into and get out of the airport.
B. He likes to take a train because it takes a little more time.
C. He likes to take a car because he has a car.