人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册Unit 3 Sea Exploration Words and expressions 课件(共56张PPT)

(共56张PPT)
选修四 U3 SEA EXPLORATION
Words and Expressions
1.tale[te l]: n. 故事; 叙述
story: n. 故事; 小说; 新闻报道（是真实或虚构的故事）
novel: n. 小说（是长篇小说）
adj.新颖的;与众不同的
fiction[ f k n]: n.小说(U.)（虚构而非真实事件的文学）
（是传说或神话故事）
fairy tale 神话故事，童话；谎言
folk tale 民间故事
nursery tale 童话
tall tale n. 吹牛，说大话；夸张的故事，荒诞的故事
old wives' tale 无稽之谈；愚蠢的迷信（尤指老妇人所持的）
爷爷给孩子们讲他童年的故事。
Grandpa told the children the tales of his childhood.
她向我们倾吐了她的故事。
She unfolded her tale to us.
他们的爱情故事听起来像童话。
Their love story sounds like a fairy tale.
2. merchant[ m t nt]: n. 商人;批发商
adj. 海上货运的
commercial[k m l]:adj. 商业的
merchandize/ m t nda z/ n.商品，货物
一个商人派他的儿子去向最聪明的人学习幸福的秘诀。
A merchant sent his son to learn the secret of happiness from the wisest of men.
各种商人
merchant 指从事批发生意的大商人，尤指从事国际贸易的大商人
businessman 指有经验、善于经营、从事各种买卖活动的买卖人、实业家或工商业家。
trader 指从事贸易工作的人，也指贩子。
tradesman 指零卖商人，开小店的商人。
dealer 指商人时多与表商店的字连用。
3. set sail: 起航; 开航
set sail (for +sp.) 起航(去某地)
set sail (from A to B) (从A地)起航(去B地)
set sail across/ sail across 航行穿过……
They set sail with the first fair wind.
在郑和的指挥下，他们从中国南海出发，穿过印度洋，到达红海口，然后到达非洲东海岸。
顺风一起他们就扬帆出航了。
Under the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa.
4. extend[ k'stend]: vt. 扩展; 使伸长; 延长
extension[ k sten n]: n.扩大; 延伸
extensive adj.广阔的;大量的;广泛的
extensively adv.广阔地;广大地
extended adj.延长了的;扩展了的(仅用于名词前)
expand[ k sp nd]: v.扩大; 增加/强;扩展
expansion[ k sp n n]: n. 扩张; 扩展; 扩大
(纵或横向)
(向四周)
extend ...to　延长到
extend ...by　　延长了
extend sth to sb　　向某人提供/给予某物
extend sb sth (双宾)表示（谢意、欢迎）
表“扩展”动词：
spread 传播；展开
enlarge 扩大；扩展
broaden 使变宽
①During the pandemic outbreak， China extended its helping hand 　to　 many other countries around the world.
【写美】　完成句子
②In addition， the Yangtze River, 　extending as long as about 6，300 kilometers　 , can provide different kinds of splendid landscapes for visitors.
此外，长江长约6，300千米，可以为游客提供各种各样的精彩景观。
to　
【练透】　单句语法填空P54
extending as long as about 6，300
kilometers　
(续写动作描写)我爬上旁边的椅子，把胳膊尽可能地伸直。
I climbed up the chair nearby and extended my arms as long as possible.
(续写心理描写）最后，完工时，他脸上绽放出满意的笑容。
Finally, his face expanded with a satisfied smile when he finished it.
(续写动作描写)我向他解释了所发生的事情，并真诚地向他道歉。
I explained to him what had happened and sincerely extended my apology to him.
5. negotiate[n ɡ ie t]: vt.商定; 达成(协议)
vi.谈判; 磋商; 协商
talk: n./v.谈话; 会谈;谈判; 报告; 演讲
negotiation[n ɡ i e n]: n. 谈判; 磋商; 协商
negotiator n. 谈判代表，协商者
negotiate a settlement 商定解决措施。
negotiate with sb.for/about sth. 与某人协商某事
in negotiation with sb. 与某人协商
under negotiation 在协商中
①The two sides have yet to show their willingness 　to___ nego (negotiate).
②The agreement was reached after a series of difficult 　___nego (negotiate).
【写美】　完成句子
③Why don’t you 　negotiate directly with hiand solve this issue once and for all 您为什么不直接与他进行协商，一劳永逸地解决这个问题？
to negotiate　
【练透】　单句语法填空P55
negotiations　
negotiate directly with him　
其次，朋友应该协商而不是争吵。
我们的教练正在同校长交涉使用他们体育馆的事。
Secondly, friends should negotiate instead of quarrelling.
Our coach is negotiating with the headmaster for the use of their gym.
6. fleet[fli t]: n. 舰队;机群;车队
一队救护车把伤者送进医院。
a fleet of 机群；一队…
A fleet of ambulances took the injured to hospital.
7. behold[b h ld]: vt.看; 看见
(behold -- beheld -- beheld)
beholder n.旁观者；观看者
beholden adj. 蒙恩的；对…表示感谢的
a joy /pleasure to behold赏心悦目
a wonder to behold令人惊叹
a sight to behold壮观的景象
Her face was a joy to behold.
她的容貌十分悦目。
我们早起观看了日出。
We got up early to behold the sunrise.
8. league[li:ɡ]: n. 等级; 水平; 联合会; 联赛
in a league of one’s own 独领风骚
at the top of the league 顶级的
be in the same league 同一级别
in league with 与……密谋；与……结盟
out of one’s league 某人力所不能及
the Communist Youth League中国共产主义青年团
league member 团员
NBA是全球顶尖篮球联盟。
就乒乓球而言，中国在世界范围内独树一帜。
The National Basketball Association (NBA)is the number one basketball league in the world.
As for table tennis, China is in a league of it own worldwide.
9. royal[ r l]: adj. 皇家的; 王室的;高贵的;忠诚的; 忠实的
the royal palace 皇宫
a royal welcome 盛大的欢迎
the royal road 坦途；成功的捷径
loyal adj.忠诚的
royally adv. 庄严地
royalty n. 皇家，皇族
There is no royal road to learning.
我们受到了盛大的欢迎。
学无坦途。
We were given a royal welcome.
10. spice[spa s]: n.(调味)香料
spicy: adj.用香料调味的;辛辣的
five spice powder 五香粉
spice of life 生活的调味品；使人高兴的事
We need an exciting trip to add some spice to our lives.
First, clean it and season it with your choice of spices.
The spice imparts an Eastern flavour to the dish.
我们需要一次新奇的旅行来调剂一下生活。
首先,把它弄干净,用你选择的调料给它调味。
这种调味品会给菜肴添加一种东方风味。
11. withdraw[w dr ]: vi./vt. (使)撤回; 撤离; 取钱; 提款
(withdrew -- withdrawn )
withdraw from...: 退出; 撤回
withdrawal / w dr l /n.撤回，退出，提款，戒毒(或脱瘾)过程;
他把手伸进口袋，掏出一张纸条。
许多选手中途退出了比赛，但大卫没有。
He reached into his pocket and withdrew a note.
Many runners withdrew from the race along the way, but not David.
【佳句】　She withdrew all her savings and left the country.
她把全部存款取出后离开了那个国家。
【练透】　单句语法填空P55
①A knee injury forced her 　to withdraw　 （withdraw） from the competition.
【写美】　完成句子
②Ellen was a painter of birds and nature，who，for some reason， 　had withdrawn from　 contemporary society. 艾伦是一个画鸟和大自然的画家，由于某种原因，他从当下的社会中隐退了。
to withdraw　
had
withdrawn from　
12. channel[ t nl]: n.航道;海峡;频道
channel指长而宽的海峡。strait指短而窄的海峡
waterway: n. 水道; 航道
tunnel[ t nl]:n.地下通道; 地道; 隧道
Welcome to my channel! Thanks for your thumbs-up and cute comments.
Most of his energy was channelled into writing and lecturing.
欢迎来到我的频道!谢谢你的赞和可爱的评论。
他把大部分精力投入到了写作和演讲上。
(熟词生义：引导，把……用于)
13. maritime[ m r ta m]: adj.海的; 海运的; 海事的
Today, China is trying to build the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road.
今天，中国正在努力建设“丝绸之路经济带”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路”。
maritime climate 海洋性气候；海岸气候
14. bond[b nd]: n. 纽带; 关系
vt./vi. 增强信任关系; 使牢固结合
a close bond.紧密的关系 an emotional bond感情纽带
a bond between A and B. A 与B之间的关系
the bond with ...和……的纽带/关系/契合
bond together 结合在一起 bond A to B 把A紧紧地连接到B
The beauty of love lies in the idea that our bond with who we love is based on our kindness.
The special bond between mother and her children is like a knotted long rope that can never ever be untangled forever.
爱的美妙之处在于, 我们与我们所爱的人之间的纽带是建立在我们的善良之上的。
母亲和孩子之间的特殊纽带就像一根打结的长绳，永远无法解开。
15. in hand: 在手头; 可供使用
by hand 手工;亲手
at hand 在手边 at first hand 亲自；第一手
on hand在手边;在场;即将发生
hand in hand 手拉手地,联合地
hold hands 手拉手 shake hands 握手
reach out a helping hand 伸出援手
give/lend sb. a hand 帮某人一个忙
give sb a big hand 热烈鼓掌
with both hands = all out 全力以赴地
on one hand.... on the other hand 一方面，另一方面
hand的动词短语: hand back 归还
hand in 上交 hand out 分发 hand down 传下去
hand on=pass on 传递，转交 hand over 移交，交出
以下为hand的其它俚语
live from hand to mouth 收入勉强糊口
Don't sit on your hands 不要袖手旁观。
He is a green hand. 他是一个新手。
Let's give him a big hand. 让我们给他热烈的掌声。
①To make it easier to get in touch with us，you’d better keep this card 　at　 hand.
【写美】　完成句子
②They entered the room， 　hand in hand　 .
他们手挽着手走进了房间。
③The washing machine was broken and we 　had to wash our clothes by hand　 .
洗衣机坏了，我们不得不用手洗衣服。
at　
【练透】　单句语法填空P55
hand in hand　
had to wash our clothes by
hand　
她的手在颤抖。她快要哭了。
Her hands were shaking. She was on the edge of tears.
他们手拉手,并肩走着。
They walked along, holding hands.
她笑着伸出一只手表示欢迎。
She smiled and reached out a hand in welcome.
她耸耸肩，摊开双手说：“我只能告诉你这么多了。”
She shrugged and spread her hands,“That's all I can tell you.”
他握住我的手好像我们是失散多年的朋友。
He shook my hands as if we were long lost friends.
我们解释了我们的目的，把毛衣发给了父母，并祝愿他们的孩子早日康复。
We explained our purpose, handed out sweaters to the parents and wished their kids a quick recovery.
我们被迫空手而归。
We were forced to return home, empty-handed.
16. politics[ p l t ks]: n.政治; 政治观点
political[p l t kl]: adj. 政治的
politically adv.政治上 politician[ p l t n]: n.政治家
我对政治不感兴趣。
我不想卷入办公室的政治。
I don't want to get involved in office politics.
talk [discuss] politics 谈论政治play politics 玩弄政治手段
Politics don't interest me.
17. profession[pr fe n]:n.职业;行业
professional[pr fe nl]: adj. 职业的; 专业的; 娴熟的
n. 专门人员; 专家; 职业运动员
professionally adv.专业地；内行地
professionalize vt. 使…专业化；使…专业化
professor [pr fes ]: n. 教授; 专家
指需要专门技能（尤其是较高教育水平）的职业、专业。
指某人通常从事的“工作”“职业”，是正式用语，常用于正式文体或表格中。
(应用文通知) 我想邀请你去听一所著名大学的刘教授的讲座。
I’d like to invite you to attend a lecture to be delivered by Professor Liu from a famous university.
【写美】　完成句子
③ 　Whatever profession you choose　 ， work hard to be the best！
无论你选择什么职业，努力做到最好吧！
④If it’s a legal matter you need 　to seek professional advice　 .
如果是法律问题，你需要寻求专业建议。
⑤Since they were professionals， the situation 　was handled professionally　 .
因为他们是专业人士，所以情况得到了专业的处理。
Whatever profession you choose　
to seek professional advice　
was handled
professionally　
【练透】　单句语法填空P61
①He dealt with the problem in a highly 　professional　 （profession） way.
②Ville’s wife is Chinese and she is a cook 　by　 profession.
professional　
by　
18. tournament[ t n m nt]: n. 锦标赛; 联赛
The International Table Tennis Friendship Invitational Tournament will be held in China this year.
这次锦标赛业余选手和职业选手均可参加。
open tournament 公开赛
a golf/tennis/badminton tournament
高尔夫球/网球/羽毛球锦标赛
The tournament is open to both amateurs and professionals.
今年的国际乒乓球友谊邀请赛将在中国举行。
19. mixture[ m kst (r)]: n.混合;结合体;混合物
mix[m ks]: v.(使)混合; 融合;调配
mixed adj.　　混合的；混杂的
a mixture of ...的混合
mixed feelings 复杂的感情
mix...with... 把…和…相混合
mix with 与…相混合/融合
mix up 混淆；弄乱
(无灵主语句 ) 一种混合着温暖和宽慰的心情涌上她的心头。
A mixture of warmth and relief flooded over/swept over her.
开完会回到家里，我心里百感交集。
I came home from the meeting with mixed feelings.
【写美】　完成句子
③Looking back on his childhood， he 　is full of mixed feelings　 .
回顾他的童年，他充满了复杂的感情。
④The reason why I love the city is 　that it is a mixture of old and new buildings　 .
我喜欢这个城市的原因是它是新旧建筑的混合体。
is full of mixed feelings　
that it is a mixture of old and new
buildings　
【练透】　单句语法填空P61
①I listened to his adventure with a 　mixture　 （mix） of amusement and disbelief.
②I don’t like to mix business 　with　 pleasure.
mixture　
with　
20. laptop[ l pt p]: n.笔记本电脑;便携式电脑
computer 电脑
tablet (computer) 平板电脑
personal computer (PC) 个人电脑
desktop computer 台式电脑
notebook computer 笔记本式电脑
ipad 苹果平板电脑
21. coverage[ k v r d ]: n. 新闻报道(U.); 覆盖范围
news coverage 新闻报道
live coverage 现场报道
forest coverage rate 绿地覆盖率
cover n.封面,盖子,掩护，床单
v.覆盖;遮盖;包括;行走一段距离;占地一片面积;采访;报道;足以支付
be covered with/by 被...覆盖
cover an area of 占地面积
cover the story 报道这一事件
社交媒体应该广泛报道这个问题以提高公众意识
Social media should give a wide coverage to this issueto enhance public awareness
他惊慌失措，用手捂住眼睛，惊恐地大声尖叫。
He panicked, covered his eyes with his hands and screamed out loudly in fright.
举行记者招待会/新闻发布会
hold/give/launch a press conference
22. press conference: 记者招待会; 新闻发布会
press
这个事件已被新闻界广泛报道。
The incident has received wide coverage in the press.
23. applaud[ pl d]: vt./vi.鼓掌
vt.称赞; 赞赏
applaud for为……喝彩
applaud sb for sth 因某事而赞扬某人
= praise sb for sth
applaud the decision 赞赏某个决定
win the applause of... 赢得……的掌声
thunderous applause 雷鸣般的掌声
applause[ pl z]: n. 鼓掌; 喝彩
All the audience applauded him for his acceptance speech: “I don’t regret losing the chance of becoming a champion to help others.”
全场观众都为他的获奖感言鼓掌:“我不后悔因去帮助别人而失去成为冠军的机会。”
演出结束时，每个人都欢呼起来并鼓掌，因为Sneha的演的第一个男性角色很成功。
Everyone cheered and applauded when the show ended as Sneha’s first male character turned out a big success.
雷鸣般的掌声响起，大卫的名字也反复回响。
Thunderous applause broke out, with the name David echoing again and again.
=a storm of applause erupted
24. tax[t ks]: vt. 对…征税; 使纳税
n. 税; 税款
free of tax: 免税
raise/cut/lower/pay taxes : 增加税/削税/降税/纳税
income tax: 所得税
tax sb/sth: 对…征税
be heavily/lightly taxed: 被征重税/被征税少
对塑料瓶征税是个好主意这样人们就会少用它们。
It is a good idea to tax plastic bottles so that people use them less.
这个价格含税吗
Does the price include tax
taxpayer n.纳税人
25. manned[m nd]: adj.有人控制的; 需人操纵的
man-made: adj.人造的
manned space flight: 载人航天
a manned spaceship: 载人宇宙飞船
a manned spacecraft: 载人宇宙飞船/航天器
中国目前正处于载人航天计划的第二阶段。
China is now in the second phase of its manned space program.
26. submersible[s b m s bl]: n. 潜水器; 可潜船
前缀sub-意为“下的，小的，次的”
subtitle 小标题，次标题
subadult 接近成年的动物
subgroup 子群，小群
subway 地铁
submarine潜水艇,
subsoil底层土,
subconscious潜意识
submersible pump 潜水泵
manned submersible 载人潜水器；载人潜水艇
为此，他设计了一种完全不一样的潜水艇。
To do this, he designed a completely different submersible.
27. underwater[ nd w t (r)]: adv. 在水下
adj. 水下的
underwater explosion 水中爆炸
underwater swimming 潜泳
深吸一口气，看看你能在水下呆多久。
海底世界真的很迷人。
Take a deep breath and see how long you can stay underwater.
The underwater world is really fascinating.
前缀：under-在……下, 不足
underground 在地下的，在地下 underline v.下划线
underwear n.内衣，衬衣 underestimate v.低估
underpopulated 人口稀少的 underdeveloped 不发达的
28. capsule[ k psju l]: n. 胶囊; 太空舱
space capsule 太空舱;航天舱
试着把它放在时间胶囊里。
你被要求吞下一颗含维生素B的胶囊。
Try and keep it in a time capsule.
You are asked to swallow a capsule containing vitamin B.
29. coral[ k r l]: n. 珊瑚(U.)
coral reef 珊瑚礁
Coral Sea 珊瑚海
虽然那珊瑚看起来坚硬，它其实非常易碎。
Although the coral looks hard, it is very delicate.
30. migration[ma ɡre n]: n. 迁移; 迁徙; 移居
migrate vt.迁移；转移 vi.移动；迁徙
migrant n.移民；候鸟；迁徙动物
adj. 移民的，有迁徙习性的
bird migration 鸟类迁徙
migrate from rural to urban areas 从...移居到...
migrant birds 候鸟
现在，迁徙是一种自然的生存策略。
Now, migration is a natural survival strategy.
immigrant[ m ɡr nt] : n.(外来)移民; 外侨
move to...: 搬到...
31. directory[d rekt ri]:n.名录; 电话号码簿; (计算机文件或程序的)目录
directory name 目录名称
file directory 文件目录
我在电话簿里找不到你的名字。
I couldn’t find your name in the telephone directory.
album[ lb m]: n.影集; 集邮簿; 音乐/歌曲专辑
32.meanwhile[ mi nwa l]:adv. 与此同时; (比较两方面)对比之下
=meantime
in the meanwhile /meantime =at the same time在此期间；与此同时
for the meanwhile: 一会儿; 暂时
我哥哥在观察一群鸟。与此同时，我在拍照。
My brother is watching a flock of birds. Meanwhile, I am taking photos.
33. exploit[ k spl t]: vt.开发; 利用; 剥削
exploitation / ekspl te ( )n /
n. 剥削；利用；开发
exploit natural resources.开发自然资源
exploit one’s abilities.开发自己的才能。
exploits workers 剥削工人
exploit every opportunity利用一切机会
你必须利用一切机会来学习英语。
You must exploit every opportunity to learn English.
34. gallon[ ɡ l n]: n.加仑(容积单位，1英制加仑约等于4.5升)
litre/liter[ li t (r)]: n.升(容量单位) barrel n.桶
1英制加仑=4.5460919升 1美制加仑=3.7854118升
一个人每天至少要喝一加仑的水。
我的汽车每加仑汽油能跑50英里。
My car will do/get fifty miles per gallon.
A person should drink at least a gallon of water each day.
35. murder[ m d (r)]: vt.谋杀;凶杀; 毁坏
n.谋杀;凶杀
murderer / m d r (r) / n.谋杀犯
murderous / m d r s /adj.蓄意谋杀的
an attempted murder: 未遂谋杀
commit (a) murder : 犯谋杀罪
mass murder 大屠杀
kill: v. 杀死; 弄死; 扼杀;
导致死亡; 毁灭; 破坏
killer: n.杀人者; 杀手
他被指控犯有谋杀罪。
他因谋杀警官而入狱。
He was charged with murder.
He was sent to prison for the murder of a police officer.
36. mercy[ m si]:n.仁慈; 宽恕; 恩惠
merciful adj.仁慈的;宽大的
merciless adj.无情的；残忍的
without mercy 毫不留情 out of mercy 出于怜悯
show mercy to sb = have mercy on sb 怜悯某人
at the mercy of...（fate） 任由……摆布;受……控制
It’s a mercy that... 幸亏…;…真是万幸。
be merciful to sb 对某人仁慈
望着远方的海岸，我感到无力，仿佛我们是受巨浪摆布的破碎的小船。
Watching the shore in the distance, I felt powerless as if we were broken tiny boats at the mercy of strong waves.
①He is generous and 　merciful　 （mercy） to those who are weaker than himself.
②To have mercy 　on/upon　 someone is at the heart of human kindness.
【写美】　完成句子
③In the old days， the farmers 　were at the mercy of nature　 .
在过去，农民受大自然的摆布。
merciful　
on/upon　
【练透】　单句语法填空P67
were at the mercy of nature　
37. possession[p ze n]: n. (usually pl.)个人财产; 拥有; 控制
possess / p zes / vt. (不用于进行时)拥有；具有；支配
take possession of　拥有；占有
人+(be) in possession of 拥有
物+(be) in the possession of 归……所有
=（sth be） in sb’s possession
be possessed of 具有（某种品质，能力等）
Rose感到很幸福,好像她拥有了全世界一样。
Rose felt blissful as if she were in possession of everything.
①People lost their homes and all their 　possessions　 （possess） in the war.
②When can I take possession 　of　 a car of my own？
【写美】　完成句子
③He is 　in possession of the house　 .
＝The house is 　in the possession of him　 .
他拥有这套房子。
possessions　
【练透】　单句语法填空P67
of　
in possession of the house　
in the possession of him　
38. opponent[ p n nt]: n.反对者;对手;竞争者
proponent / pr p n nt /n.支持者，建议者
opposite / p z t / n.对立面；反面
oppose [ p z]: v.反对; 抵制; 与…角逐
oppose doing…: 反对做…
be opposed to n./doing…: 反对(做)…
我们的对手先得到了球。
Our opponent got hold of the ball first.
他大声喊叫，希望把对手吓跑。
He shouted in a loud voice in the hope of scaring his opponent away.
39. log[l ɡ] [l ɡ]: vt. 把…载入正式记录;记录
n.正式记录;日志;原木
log in 登入；登陆
log out 注销；退出系统；退出
like a log 像木头一样不动；
sleep like a log: 沉睡; 酣睡
log cabin n. 小木屋
keep a log: 记日志
log book 航海日志；记录簿；值班日记
登录需要密码。
You need a password to log in.
40. marine[m ri n]: adj.海的; 海产的; 海生的
maritime[ m r ta m]:
adj.海的; 海运的; 海事的
marine park 海岸公园；海洋公园
marine environment 海洋环境
marine animal 海洋动物，海洋生物
一个教训就是要避免海洋环境失去平衡。
One lesson is to avoid unbalancing the marine environment.
41. arrest[ rest]: n.逮捕;拘留;中止
vt.逮捕;拘留;阻止
(be) under arrest被逮捕
under house arrest被软禁
arrest sb for 因……逮捕某人
get arrested for 因.....被逮捕
arrest one’s attention=attract/draw/catch one’s attention吸引某人的注意力
听到警察因她酒后驾车而逮捕她的消息，我大吃一惊。
I was stunned by the news that the police arrested her for drunk driving.
【佳句】　I found myself on the point of giving up.But one day a TV program arrested my attention.
我发现自己快要放弃了。但有一天，一档电视节目引起了我的注意。
【练透】　单句语法填空P67
①The police made several 　arrests　 （arrest） during the football match.
②The young man was arrested 　for　 having stolen his neighbour’s computers.
【写美】　完成句子
③The bright colours of the flowers 　arrested the girl’s attention　 .
花的艳丽色彩引起了那个女孩的注意。
arrests　
for　
arrested the girl’s attention