2024年人教版中考英语二轮专题复习介词 导学案（含答案）

介词
学习目标： 1. 介词的定义
2. 介词的分类
3. 时间介词
4. 地点（方位介词）
5. 其他常用介词
6. 综合练习
一．介词的定义
表示它后面的名词或代词(或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句)与其他句子成分的关系。介词通常位于名词或代词之前。
注意：
介词后+名词/代词/动词ing
I am good at _______ stories. (tell)
Mary is interested in _______ the piano. (play)
分类 （时间介词，方位介词，其他介词）
时间介词
（一）
练习：
Before / after
During 在......期间
For 用来表示一段时间
Until 直到......为止； not...until 直到......才
练习：
时间介词综合练习
( ) 1.Children get gifts ____Christmas and ____their birthdays.
A.on;on B.at; on C.in; in D.in; on
( ) 2.----There is nothing ____tomorrow afternoon, is there
-----No.We can have a game of table tennis.
A.on B.in C.out D.up
( ) 3.A lot of students in our school were born____March,1981.
A.in B.at C.on D.since
( ) 4.He suddenly returned ____a rainy night.
A.on B.at C.in D.during
( ) 5.My grandfather was born____Oct.10,1935.
A.on B.in C.at D.of
( ) 6.The train is starting____five minutes.
A.in B.at C.for D.still
( ) 7.Mike does his exercises ____ seven ____the evening.
A.on; to B.at; in C.by; of D.at;on
( ) 8.Children wake up very early____the morning of Christmas Day.
A.in B.on C.for D.at
( ) 9. ____a cold winter morning, I met her in the street.
A.In B.On C.At D.For
( )10. It happened to be very cold____ the morning of our sports meeting.
A.at B.on C.with D.of
( ) 11.Why did you get up so early____this morning.
A.on B./ C.at D.in
( ) 12.He went to Shanghai____September 3,1991 and came back____ a cold morning last year.
A.in； on B.on； in C.on； on D.in； in
( ) 13.Lucy was born____the night of May 12,1984.
A.on B.in C.at D.to
( ) 14.Mrs Brown came to China ____1996.
A.on B.of C.to D.in
( ) 15____the morning of November 20,1915, I went to the library to buy a new dictionary.
A.On B.In C.On D.At
( ) 16.Ann moved____Hangzhou____September, 1992.
A./； in B.to； in C.to； on D. in； in
( ) 17.They started off ____an autumn afternoon.
A.during B.at C.in D.on
( ) 18.He often goes ____school ____six thirty____ the morning.
A.for,to, in B.to,at,in C.to,for,at D.for,at,to
( ) 19.He arrived ____Shanghai ____9：30 March 5.
A.at,in,at B.to,on,at C.in,on,at D.in,at,on
( ) 20.The English teacher told me to get there ____half past ten.
A.in B.at C.on D.of
答案：BAAAA, ABBBB, BCADB, ADBDB
方位介词
In / on / under
练习：
behind / in front of / between / beside / next to
固定搭配
练习：
介词辨析
1.over“在……之上”，指在物体的正上方或覆盖在物体表面，反义词是under；
above“在……之上；高于……”，指在上方，不一定是垂直的正上方，其反义词是below。
2.表示在两者之间用between；在三者或三者以上之间用among。
3.
4.in front of “在……的前面”，指某一范围以外的前面，反义词是behind;
in the front of...“在……的前面”，指某一范围以内的前面，反义词是at the back of。
5.
综合练习
一．单选
1.I arrived ____Beijing this morning.
A．in B．on C．at
2. My house is _____ the park .
A．in front B．in front of C. in the front of
3. The bank is in front of the hospital. So the hospital is _____ the bank.
A．behind B．beside C．before
4. My book is _____ the dictionary and the ruler.
A．between B．after C．Before
Your computer is ______ to the door.
　A. behind　　　 B. on　　　 C. in　　　 D. next
6. The map is ____ the wall ____ our classroom.
　A. on; on 　　　B. of; on 　　　C. on; at 　　　D. on; of
7. Look! The window is _____ the wall and the picture is _____ the wall.
A. on; on 　　　B. in; in 　　　C. in; on　　　 D. on; in
8. －Where is my ball I can’t see it. Look! It’s _____ the door.
　A. on 　　　B. in　　　 C. at 　　　D. behind
Sally is very happy. There is a big smile ______ her face.
A. on B. to C. in D. at
My father is ill (生病), He is ______.
A. in bed B. in the bed C. on bed D. on the bed
11. There is a map of China ______ the wall in the classroom.
A. in B. on C. under D. at
12.There are three windows ______ the wall.
A．in B. on C. at D. to
There are many oranges ______ the tree. A bird ______ the tree is eating an orange.
A. in; on B. on; on C. in; in D. on; in
－What time do you usually go to bed
－I usually go to bed ______ 11:00.
A. in B. on C. at D. for
We can see ______ old bike ______ the tree.
A. a; under B. the; at C. an; in D. an; under
My hats and coats are ______.
on the bed B. under desk C. in room D. under the my bed
He put up a map ______ the back wall because there was a hole ______ it.
A. on; on B. at; in C. on; in D. on; at
18. Don't read ____ the sun.
A. at B. under C. with D. in
19. The boat is passing___ the bridge.
A. through B. below C. under D. across
答案： ABAA DDCD AABA DCDA CDC
二．用适当的介词填空
1．You can also design a bee house ________ the bees to live.
2．Jin Yong, one of our favourite writers, passed away ________ October 30, 2018.
3．It's kind ________ you to help me work out the difficult maths problem. Thanks!
4．Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like ________ where I work.
5．When I was driving home last night, the rain beat heavily ________ the windows. I had to drive carefully.
6．When the temperature falls ________ zero, water will turn into ice.
7．It is such a difficult project that every one of us works on it ________ great care.
8．Hurry up! The movie will begin ________ 10 minutes.
9．In the picture, he sits ________me, looking very happy.
10．You must be careful when you swim ________ the lake.
11．Now, people regard drinking tea ________ a culture more than a habit.
12．Mary told me not to drive ________ high speed.
13．You can improve your English ________ practising more.
14．Students here often do physics experiments ________ small groups.
15．It's difficult ________ a foreigner to learn Chinese.
16．The local community centre is open ________ Monday to Saturday.
17．My mother is ________ the kitchen. She is preparing supper for us now.
18．—When did the terrible earthquake happen in Ya'an Sichuan
—It happened ________ 8：02 ________ the morning of April 20th, 2013.
19．Your gloves should be made ________ leather, for they feel soft and smooth.
20．Go along this street till the first crossing. The post office is just ________ your right.
答案：
1.for　 2.on　 3.of　 4.about　 5.against　
6.below 7．with　8.in　 9.beside　10.across　
11.as　 12.at 13．by　 14.in　 15.for　
16.from　17.in　 18.at; on 19．of　 20.on
五．其他介词
1．交通方式：by, in, on
by＋交通工具的单数形式；
on/in＋限定词＋交通工具的单数形式。
I go to school by bike.＝I go to school on my bike.
【提示】 on foot步行；go to...on foot＝walk to...
表示“用”的词：
with＋工具、手段
by＋交通工具(单数)
in＋语言、嗓音
【注意】 with可以表示“带有”。
Mr Green has a big house with a garden.
格林先生有一所带花园的房子。
with和without 的用法：
Without “没有”，后面接名词或动名词。
She just left without saying a word.她一句话也没说就走了。
With “和；具有，带有；用，以；由于”，常表示伴随。
She came back with a letter in her hand.她手里拿着一封信回来了。
4.except, besides的用法：
except表示“除……之外(不再有)”，强调不被包括在内。
The office is open every day except Sundays.
办事处除了星期天以外天天开门。
besides“除……之外还有”。
What languages do you know besides Chinese and English？
除了汉语和英语以外你还懂什么语言？
5. on the tree和in the tree的用法：
on the tree指在树上的东西本身是树的一部分(如叶子、果实)
in the tree指在树上的东西本身不是树的一部分(如鸟、人)
There're some apples on the tree.
树上有几个苹果。
There's a bird in the tree.
树上有只鸟。
6. “in+颜色”的用法：
in+颜色：穿…颜色的衣服；e.g. I know the girl in black.
7.其他
方位介词综合练习
1.We planted some flowers ________ the garden yesterday.
A. on　 　　 B. to　 　　 C. in　 　　 D. of
2. Xinhua Zidian, or the New Chinese Dictionary, was first published ________ 1953.
A. on B. in C. at D. for
3. ________ the help of modern technology, scientists got a photo of a black hole.
A. At B. In C. On D. With
4. Ladies and Gentlemen, welcome to Beijing! And if you need any help, please call me ________ 010－5558 6390.
A. at B. on C. with D. by
5.He wrote his phone number ________ a piece of paper.
A. on B. for C. in D. from
6. The city museum closes ________ 7 o’clock in the evening.
A. at B. from C. on D. of
7. I want to learn a second foreign language ________ English.
A. except B. beside C. besides D. along
8. Neil Armstrong walked on the moon ________ July 20th, 1969.
A. in B. at C. for D. on
9. Taiwan is an important part of China. It lies ________ the southeast of the mainland.
A. in B. to C. on D. at
10. It’s bad manners to point________ others with your chopsticks.
A. with B. on C. to D. about
11. —Did you hear________ the news that he would go to University of Cambridge
—Yes, he told me.
A. like B. over C. about D. into
12. In China, people regard drinking tea ________ a culture more than a habit.
A. by B. as C. of D. to
13. Students shouldn’t go to school ________ breakfast. It’s bad for their health.
A. with B. without C. for D. through
14. There is a library________ my house. I like reading books there in my spare time.
A. under B. on C. above D. near
15. My parents are seldom________ my hobbies as long as they don’t get in the way of my schoolwork.
A. against B. beyond C. for D. without
16. The young lady________ red over there is interviewing the students about their future plans.
A. with B. on C. at D. in
17. There was a big crowd waiting________ the opening ceremony to start.
A. by B. from C. for D. at
18. Our science club took________ thirty new members this term.
A. on B. at C. up D. in
19. Zhang Mei wants to improve her English________ chatting with her American friend Tony.
A. by B. about C. on D. in
20. Before you go to Canada, you need to learn more _______ it.
A. from B. in C. by D. about
答案：
1. C　2. B　3. D　4. A　5. A　6. A　7. C　8. D
9. A　10. C　11. C　12. B　13. B　14. D　15. A
16. D　17. C　18. D　19. A 20. D
综合练习
【1】 We won! The honor belongs ______ all the member of our team.
A. by B. of C. at D. to
【2】When James arrived at the railway station，he tried to look ______ a place to park his car．
A．after B．at C．up D．for
【3】 There was a big crowd waiting __________ the opening ceremony to start.
A. in B. with C. for D.by
【4】More and more people in Shanghai choose to go to work__________ underground.
A. in B. with C.by D.for
【5】Wow! Ten students in our class will celebrate their fourteenth birthdays_______ October!
A. in B.on C. at D. to
【6】Could I have an early morning call________ six o’clock tomorrow
A.on B.to C.at D.in
【7】The university student borrowed some money________ his friends to start his own business.
A.from B. onto C. at D. in
【8】Karen and Lily will go to Russia to watch the 2018 World Cup______July.
A.on B.in C.at D.of
答案：DDCCACAB
单选
1. A large group of students are waiting ______ the bus stop for the school bus.
A.for B. at C.to D.on
2. People on Chongming Island can go to Shanghai ______ underground soon.
A. in B. by C. at D. on
3. Australia is famous _____ its Pink Lake, but now people can’t enjoy the scenery any longer.
A. for B. with C. of D. from
4. The local government is planning to dig _______ the mountain to make a tunnel（隧道）.
A. across B. through C. above D. throughout
5. The film Wolf Warriors 11turned _______ to be a big success in 2017.
A. out B. over C. on D. down
6. It was absolutely impossible to build a fire ________ that cold winter night.
A. on B. in C. of D. by
7. France is famous ________ its great wine, tourist attractions and fashion shows.
A. as B. for C. to D. with
8. Several thieves broke ______ the bank and stole the safe last night.
A). into B. down C. out D. off
9. The tour guide happened to meet a huge fierce monster ______ Mystery Island.
A.in B.on C. at D. by
10. I was angry ______ myself for making such a stupid mistake.
A. of B. at C. with D. for
11. I like hiking at weekends. I have walked 10 miles _____ 6 o’clock.
A. for B. since C. at D. from
12. Leaders from 20 countries and organizations attended the Hangzhou G20 Summit ____ September, 2016.
A. on B. in C. at D. for
13. Nichols set _____ early this morning for his farmhouse in California.
A. with B. off C. about D. up
14. Please connect the speakers _____ the CD player so that we can hear the songs clearly.
A. by B. of C. at D. to
15.Let’s have a rest ____ the time being,then we will continue to discuss the plan.
A. on B. in C. at D. for
16.US president Donald Trump started his visit China ____ November 8,2017.
A. with B. in C. on D. of
17. Our headmaster always encourages the school cooks to serve healthy meals ___ junk food.
A. under B. of C. with D. without
18. Instead ______ telling him the answer, the teacher helped him to read the text again.
A. of B. for C. at D. to
19. Lily spent years caring _____ her sick uncle.
A. of B. at C. for D. with
20. A group of teachers went to Guangzhou for an important activity ____ Dec. 20th.
A. in B. on C. to D. at
21. Some young parents are unaware ______ the danger of giving their babies smartphones.
A. with B. for C. in D. of
22. There were 22 medical service areas ________ the route in 2017 Shanghai Marathon.
A. along B. with C. through D. across
23. Sue’s still very angry _______ me for forgetting her birthday.
A. for B. to C. with D. by
24. The world’s smallest lizard has been discovered ________ a small Caribbean island.
A. on B. in C. for D. at
25. Tom, you are the person I’m looking ______! Come to help me deal with the case
A. at B. for C. after D. up
答案：BBABA ABABC BBBDD CDACB DACAB
阅读短文回答问题。
Tom’s room
It’s small but nice. A computer and some CDs are on the desk. His backpack is on the wall. The ID card is on his bed. The shoes are under the bed. A baseball is on the floor.
Sally’s room
It’s very nice. The new pictures are on the wall. Her desk is near the window. Some flowers are on the desk. Where is her schoolbag Oh, it’s on the chair. We can’t see a hat on the bed, but we can see Mimi, her cat.
The twins’ room
It’s big and nice. Two pencil cases are on the desk. Many books are on the bookcase. It’s a big bed near the bookcase. One backpack is on the floor, and the other is on the chair. The jackets are behind the door. A picture of their father and mother is on the wall.
1.Tom’s ID card is _______ his bed, and his shoes are _______ the bed.
2.Sally’s cat is ________ her bed. Her schoolbag is _______ the chair.
3.The bookcase is ________ the twins’ room. The big bed is _______ the door.
4.Two pencil cases are ________ the chair in the twins’ room.
5.A picture of the twins’ parents is_______ the wall.
阅读短文回答问题的答案：
1. on; under 2. on; on 3. in; behind 4. on 5. on
介词短语
1. be good/poor at 擅长于/对…比较差
2. be surprised at 对…感到惊奇
3. laugh at 嘲笑
4. look at 看;观看
5. point at 指向;指着
6. be located(in/on/at) 位于
7. at/on weekends 在周末
8. at breakfast/lunch/supper 早/午/晚餐时
9. at first 起先，开始的时候
10. at last 最后，终于
11. at home 在家（里）
1. be different from 与…不同
2. come from 出生于;来自
3. far away from 离…遥远
4. hear from 收到…的来信
5. keep … from 阻止;使…免于
6. protect … from 保护…免受
1. check in 办理登机
2. fill in 填充;填写
3. get in 进入;收集
4. on the way 挡道
5. hand in 上交
6. join in 参加;加入
1. be afraid of 害怕
2. be fond of 爱好
3. be full of 充满
4. be made of 由…制成(看得见原材料)
5. be made from 由…制成(看不见原材料)
6. be proud of 为…而感到自豪
7. because of 由于
1. be based on 以…为根据;以…为基础
2. turn on 开,旋开(电灯,电视,收音机等)
3. try on 试穿
4. depend on 依靠
5. put on 穿;戴上,上演
6. operate on sb. 为某人动手术
7. live on 靠…为生
1. according to 根据，按照
2. be helpful to sb 对某人有好处
3. be able to do sth. 能够做……
4. be friendly to sb 对某人友好
5. be kind to sb. 对某人友好
1. think about 考虑（是否去做）
2. talk about 谈论，议论
3. worry about 担心；烦恼
4. complain about 控诉；抱怨
1. after all 毕竟，终究
2. after class 课后
3. after a while 过了一会儿
4. look after 照顾
5. one after another 一个接一个，连续地
1. by air mail 寄航空邮件
2. by bus 乘公共汽车
3. by oneself 亲自
4. by phone 打电话
5. by the way 顺便说；顺便问一下