中考语法专项十一：从句
考点三：定语从句
概念前情学习：
简单句 She is a beautiful girl.
修饰词 定语
简单句 VS 复合句
复合句 The girl who is standing by the window is beautiful.
有修饰作用的句子 定语从句
定语从句 是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。
定语从句中的术语 The man who lives next to us is a policeman.
定语从句所修饰的词
先行词 关系代词 定语从句
在从句中充当主语、
宾语、定语等成分
This is the place where I first met her.
先行词
关系副词
在从句中充当状语
where, when, why
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定语从句考点：先行词和关系代词/副词
who 在定语从句中充当主语
The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
谓
主
正在踢足球的男孩子们来自一班。
whom 在定语从句中充当宾语
Mr. Liu is the person whom you talked about.
主 谓 宾
刘先生就是你说的那个人。
先行词是“人” that 在定语从句中即可充当主语也可充当宾语
The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.
来参观这座城市的人们都在这里。
This is the man that/ whom I saw this morning.
这位就是我早上见过的人
whose在定语从句中充当定语。
He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
定语，在定语从句中修饰名词father
他有一个爸爸是医生的朋友。
which/ that 在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略
Football match is a game which is liked by most boys.
谓
主
足球比赛是一种被大多数男孩子喜爱的比赛。
先行词是“物” This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
主 谓 宾
这是他昨天买的钢笔。
whose 在定语从句中充当定语
The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
定语，在定语从句中修饰名词door
门坏掉的教室将会很快被修理。
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先行词既是人又是物
Our teacher told us many things and persons that he met during traveling.
我们老师告诉我们很多在他旅行期间遇到很多的事和人。
先行词被最高级修饰
Jane is the tallest girl that I have seen. 简是我所见过的长得最高的女孩。
先行词中有或先行词是all, any, few, little, much, some, each, everything,
anything, nothing, none, everybody, anyone, anybody, nobody 等不定代词
只能用that的情况
This is all that I can do for you. 这是我能为你做的所有事情。
先行词有the very, the only, the same, the last 修饰
He is the only student that has read the novel.
他是唯一一个读完这本小说的学生。
先行词有或是who或which
Which of the films that you saw last year is the best
你去年看过的电影中哪部是最好的
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巩固练习
1. Anyone who is a server or ____ has been one knows that customers always come first.
A. whom B. what C. who D. which
2. — Class, you should be thankful to those people _____ helped and supported you.
—We will, Miss Chen.
A. which B. whom C. who D. whose
3. She has a teenager granddaughter about my age ________ is really kind.
A. who B. which C. where D. /
4. —What are you looking for
—I' m looking for the dictionary ______ you lent me last week.
A. who B what C. that D when
5. — What do you think of the show Readers on CCTV
—It’s a great TV show _______ expresses our true feelings by reading aloud in public.
A. whom B. who C. whose D. that
6. Yuan Longping is a Chinese rice scientist ________ is leading a research to develop “sea rice”.
A. who B. which C. whom
7. Danny met a famous astronaut _______ was the first Canadian astronaut in space.
A. which B. what C. whose D. who
8. My grandparents like stories ________ have happy endings.
A. they B. who C. which D. /
9. — Is this the new dictionary _______ you got yesterday
—Yes. Now it’s very convenient for me to look up words.
A. that B. why C. what
10. That’s the boy _________ won the first prize in the competition yesterday.
A. who B. which C. whom
11. The man ______ is talking to my math teacher is my father.
A. who B. which C. what
12. I really like the family photo __________ we took on my grandpa’ s 80th birthday.
A. who B. that C. what D. whose
13. The movie ___________ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth.
A. who B. which C. where D. when
14. Peppa Pig (《小猪佩奇》) is a British cartoon ___________ has been popular in China and is
much loved by little children and their parents.
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A. who B. which C. /
15. Success always belongs to those ___________ have tried their best to make their dreams come true.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
16. —What kind of movies do you like
—I prefer movies ___________ give me something to think about.
A. which B. who C. what D. when
17. Not all children ___________ watch this video will become a scientist, but some may become
interested in science.
A. whom B. which C. who D. whose
18. —Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV
—Sure. It’s a great TV program ___________ can develop the habit of reading.
A. who B. that C. what D. whose
19. Du Fuguo is a hero ___________ is known to millions of Chinese people.
A. who B. which C. what
20. —Do you know the boy over there
—The one ___________ is holding a ball Oh, that’s my neighbor Phil.
A. what B. which C. who D./
21. —Have you got ready for the soccer game
—Yes. I’ve done everything ___________ I can to win the game.
A. who B. that C. which
22. The doctor ___ you are looking for is in the room.
A. whom B. what C. which
23. —Tomorrow is Father’s Day. What’s your surprise for your father
—The first thing ___________ I will do is to make a card for him.
A. who B. where C. whose D. that
24. Mr. White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman.
A. who B. that C. whose D. which
25. Do you know the man ____ your father is talking with.
A. he B. who c. which D. whom
26. Mr. Ling is just the boy ____ I want to see.
A. which B. who C. whom D. what
27. The foreigner _________ visited our school is from Canada.
A. which B. when C. who D. whom
28. I hate the people _______ don’t help others when they are in trouble.
A. who B. which C. they D. where
82巩固练习
先行词 anyone任何人 ______ has been 缺少主语
1. Anyone who is a server or __C__ has been one knows that customers always come first.
任何服务员或者曾经做过服务员的人都知道顾客至上
A. whom B. what C. who D. which
2. — Class, you should be thankful to those people __C___ helped and supported you.
先行词 people 人们 ______ helped and supported you 缺少主语
—We will, Miss Chen.
A. which B. whom C. who D. whose
3. She has a teenager granddaughter about my age ___A_____ is really kind.
先行词 granddaughter 孙女 ______ is really kind 缺少主语
A. who B. which C. where D. /
4. —What are you looking for
先行词 dictionary 词典 物 _____ you lent me 缺少宾语
—I' m looking for the dictionary ___C___ you lent me last week.
A. who B what C. that D when
5. — What do you think of the show Readers on CCTV
先行词 TV show 电视节目 物 _____ expresses our true feelings缺少主语
—It’s a great TV show ___D____ expresses our true feelings by reading aloud in public.
A. whom B. who C. whose D. that
6. Yuan Longping is a Chinese rice scientist ___A_____ is leading a research to develop “sea rice”.
先行词 scientist 科学家 人 _____ is leading…缺少主语
A. who B. which C. whom
7. Danny met a famous astronaut ___D____ was the first Canadian astronaut in space.
先行词 astronaut 宇航员 人 _____ was the first …缺少主语
A. which B. what C. whose D. who
8. My grandparents like stories ____C____ have happy endings.
先行词 stories 故事 物 _____ have happy endings 缺少主语
A. they B. who C. which D. /
9. — Is this the new dictionary ____A___ you got yesterday
先行词 dictionary 词典 物 _____ you got … 缺少宾语
—Yes. Now it’s very convenient for me to look up words.
A. that B. why C. what
10. That’s the boy ____A_____ won the first prize in the competition yesterday.
A. who B. which C. whom 先行词 boy 男孩 人 _____ won the first … 缺少主语
11. The man ___A___ is talking to my math teacher is my father.
先行词 man 男人 _____ is talking … 缺少主语
A. who B. which C. what
12. I really like the family photo _____B_____ we took on my grandpa’ s 80th birthday.
先行词 family photo 全家福 物 _____ we took … 缺少宾语
A. who B. that C. what D. whose
13. The movie ______B_____ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth.
先行词 movie 电影 物 _____ I have seen … 缺少宾语
A. who B. which C. where D. when
14. Peppa Pig (《小猪佩奇》) is a British cartoon ____B_______ has been popular in China and is
先行词 carton 卡通片 物 _____ has been … 缺少主语
much loved by little children and their parents.
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A. who B. which C. /
15. Success always belongs to those _____A______ have tried their best to make their dreams come true.
先行词 those 这些(人) ______ have tried 缺少主语
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
16. —What kind of movies do you like
—I prefer movies _____A______ give me something to think about.
先行词 movies 电影 物 ______ give me 缺少主语
A. which B. who C. what D. when
17. Not all children ______C_____ watch this video will become a scientist, but some may become
先行词 children 孩子们 人 ______ watch this video… 缺少主语
interested in science.
A. whom B. which C. who D. whose
18. —Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV
—Sure. It’s a great TV program _____B______ can develop the habit of reading.
先行词 TV program 电视节目 物 ______ can develop … 缺少主语
A. who B. that C. what D. whose
19. Du Fuguo is a hero ______A_____ is known to millions of Chinese people.
先行词 hero 英雄 人 ______ is know … 缺少主语
A. who B. which C. what
20. —Do you know the boy over there
—The one _____C______ is holding a ball Oh, that’s my neighbor Phil.
先行词 the one 那个人 ______ is holding … 缺少主语
A. what B. which C. who D./
21. —Have you got ready for the soccer game
—Yes. I’ve done everything ___B________ I can to win the game.
A. who B. that C. which 先行词是everything 等不定代词，只能用that
22. The doctor _A__ you are looking for is in the room.
A. whom B. what C. which 先行词是doctor 医生 人， _____ you are looking for…缺少宾语
23. —Tomorrow is Father’s Day. What’s your surprise for your father
—The first thing __D_________ I will do is to make a card for him.
先行词被序数词修饰，只能用that
A. who B. where C. whose D. that
24. Mr. White, ___C___ car had been stolen, came to the policeman.
先行词Mr. White 人，______ car had been stolen 缺少定语修饰car
A. who B. that C. whose D. which
25. Do you know the man __D__ your father is talking with.
先行词the man 人，______ your father is talking with 缺少宾语
A. he B. who c. which D. whom
26. Mr. Ling is just the boy __C__ I want to see.
先行词the boy 人，______ I want to see 缺少宾语
A. which B. who C. whom D. what
27. The foreigner ____C_____ visited our school is from Canada.
先行词the foreigner 外国人 ，______ visited our school 缺少主语
A. which B. when C. who D. whom
28. I hate the people ___A____ don’t help others when they are in trouble.
先行词the people ，______ don’t help others 缺少主语
A. who B. which C. they D. where
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