牛津译林版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 2 The Universal Language Ingegrated skills 导学案（含答案）

班级 学生姓名
Integrated skills
复习回顾
1. Expressions about farming（关于农事的一些表达）
plough or turn over the soil sow the seeds in the soil harvest the crops
rid the soil of weeds kill the pests irrigate the crops
put fertilizers in the soil(make the soil fertile) increase the output of crops
2. Different types of farming（不同的农业类型）
precision farming vertical farming chemical farming organic farming
3. What do you know about chemical farming and organic farming
To put it simply, chemical farming is farming applying chemical fertilizers and pesticides while organic farming is simply farming without any chemicals, mainly using natural fertilizers like animal waste instead.
4. Tips on argumentative writing (议论文写作指津)：
观点对比类议论文一般采用三段式，首先引出话题，即点明人们在什么问题上持有不同的观点；其次要对比陈述不同的观点和理由；最后下结论或陈述自己的观点和理由。
在写作时，时态常使用一般现在时。人称为第一人称或第三人称。行文时要注意就事论事，对比要点要清晰完整，一目了然。
高中课标展示
By the end of the class, you will be able to:
1. describe the advantages and disadvantages of chemical and organic farming;
2. form independent opinions about your choice between chemical and organic farming;
3. polish your reading, listening and writing skills in contexts. （Time pressing, some parts may be skipped.)
The first round of learning before teaching— reading
高中新知识导学（第一轮）
Learning before teaching (self-learning)
Step One Read for topic sentences（individual work)
Read the website article on Page 22 and fill in the table with the topic sentence of each
paragraph.
Answers：
Para. 1 The use of chemicals in farming is widespread with more than 90 per cent of the world’s farmers using artificial fertilizers and pesticides.
Para. 2 The fact is that chemicals work faster than organic products.
Para. 3 The downsides of using chemicals in farming are obvious.
Para. 4 It is important to weigh the pros and cons of chemicals before using them.
Step Two Read for details (individual work)
Read the article again, focusing on the description of chemical farming, and complete
the following table based on the article.
Answers:
1. situation 2. widespread 3. Understanding 4. what 5. Reasons
6. which 7. be protected 8. besides 9. however 10. weigh
Step Three Read for discussion (pair work)
Read the article the third time for better understanding and talk with your partners about the
possible answers to the following questions in your own words.
1. Why do farmers use chemicals
Because the use of chemicals brings immediate results, in terms of both plant growth and protection.
2. What are the disadvantages of using chemicals in farming
Chemicals not only pollute the environment, but also affect all living organisms.
教师精讲（第一轮）
Teaching after learning (refined explanations from the teacher)
First, check the answers of the exercises above.
Second, spare some time to tackle the difficult points that are error prone if necessary.
Third, get instructions on some key points from the teacher.
要点精讲1：Words and useful expressions
be widespread impact
protect...from... in terms of
downside tend to
break down apart from
over long periods of time decline alarmingly
be linked to make one’s way
It’s commonly acknowledged that... the pros and cons
要点精讲2：Sentence analysis
1. Understanding more about the advantages and disadvantages of using chemicals in farming will help you decide which side of the fence you stand on, and ultimately, what food you will eat!
“understanding”在句中是 动名词 （分词or动名词？）； which 和 what 引导两个并列的 宾语 从句。
2. Carson argued that once pesticides entered the environment, they not only killed insects but also made their way up the food chain to threaten birds and fish, and eventually human population.
“that”引导 宾语 从句；“once”引导 条件 从句。
3. It follows that the use of chemicals brings...
It is commonly acknowledged that chemicals are ...
It is important to weigh the pros and cons of chemicals...
以上三个句子中的“it”作用一致，都充当句子的 形式主语 。
The second round of learning before teaching— listening
高中新知识导学（第二轮）
Learning before teaching
Step One Listen to the interview and choose the best answer. Circle the letters of the
correct options. (B1, Page23)
Step Two Listen to the interview again and complete the notes below. (B2, Page23)
教师精讲（第二轮）
Teaching after learning (refined explanations from the teacher)
First, check the answers of the exercises above.
Second, listen to the difficult parts of the interview again to make sure you understand exactly what messages the two persons in the interview try to convey.
Third, emphasize the advantages and disadvantages of organic farming.
The third round of learning before teaching— writing
高中新知识导学（第三轮）
Learning before teaching
一、Commonly used vocabulary in argumentative writing(议论文写作常用词汇)
1. support v. 支持 7. automated farm 机械化农场
2. argument n. 辩论 8. organic food 有机食品
3. attitude n. 态度 9. heated discussion 激烈的讨论
4. contain v. 包含 10. effective measures 有效的措施
5. benefit n. 益处 11. suitable solution 合适的方法
6. opinion n. 观点 12. as far as I am concerned 就我而言
二、Commonly used sentence patterns in argumentative writing(议论文写作常用句式)
1. A majority of people support the opinion that... 大部分人支持这个观点……
2. We had a heated discussion about... 我们就……进行了激烈的讨论。
3. Opinions are mainly divided into two groups. 这个问题主要分为两组不同的观点。
4. Sixty per cent of the students are for the idea. 60%的学生支持这个观点。
5. In spite of this, advantages are more than disadvantages. 即使这样,还是利大于弊。
6. In general, we should help people of the inferior group. 一般来说，我们应该帮助弱势群体。
7. We should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.
我们应该采取一系列有效措施解决这种状况。
8. Once there, well go to an automated farm, learning about modern agricultural methods and tasting organic foods. 一到那里,我们就去参观机械化农场,学习现代化农业技术,品尝有机食品。
三、Writing assignment (写作任务)
最近，你们班在农学课上开展了以“Which do you prefer, chemical farming or organic farming ”为主题的讨论，请写一篇文章介绍一下情况，并谈谈你的看法。
写作要求: 1.提出问题，阐明自己的观点；
2.分析理由；
3.做出总结。
注意:可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
教师精讲（第三轮）
Teaching after learning (three-step writing)
Step One Topic exploring and structure planning（审题谋篇）
Step Two Wording and sentence-making（遣词造句）
一. Core words
1. 激烈的讨论heated discussion 5. 就我而言as far as l am concerned
2. 化学农业chemical farming 6. 合适的方法suitable solution
3. 有机农业organic farming 7. 竭尽全力做某事make great efforts to do sth
4. 持有不同的观点take different views 8. 产量production
二. Sentence making
1.学生们对这个问题持有不同的观点。
Students take different views on this question.
2.有机农业几乎不使用化肥。(little表示否定意义)
Organic farming contains little chemical fertilizer.
3.化肥会对环境和人体健康造成巨大危害。(do harm to)
Chemical fertilizer does great harm to the environment and people's health.
4.一些学生认为化学农业满足了世界各地对食物的大量需求。(that引导的宾语从句)
Some students believe that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world.
5.另外一些学生由于健康问题而支持有机农业。
Others support organic farming because of health.
6.所以我们要竭尽全力实现这个目标。
So we should make great efforts to make it come true.
7.但是,要找到一个合适的方法来增加有机食品的产量，还有很长的路要走。(There be句型)
But there is still a long way to find a suitable way to increase organic food production.
学生精练
Step Three Connect the sentences above to form a discourse, using appropriate linking words and adding some more information if possible. （连句成篇）
课后作业
1. Review the three steps in argumentative writing and further your reflection on chemical and organic farming in terms of environmental protection and physical health.
2. Finish the exercises in today’s Daily Practice.