2024高考七选五备考技巧策略 人与社会主题语境分析 七选五练习30篇（含解析）

命题规律
七选五试题的文章体裁以说明文为主，兼顾考查记叙文。要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项补全短文，使短文前后逻辑通顺、结构完整。从设题角度看，主要考查位于段落内部的句子和段落主题句，解答此类题时，考生要理解并把握文章整体内容、结构以及上下文衔接关系，可以从句子间的逻辑关系和代词的指代等方面着手解题。
备考策略:这张表格很重要
解题技巧：看不下去的直接看备考策略
第一步 看位置→定类型
句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。段首、段中、段尾题在文中所起的作用可归纳为下表：
例证关系：前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词语有：for example, for instance, in fact/as a matter of fact, actually, in other words/that is to say等。
转折关系若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的逆转， 则空格处很有可能表示转折。表示转折关系的标志词语有：but, however, yet, while/though/although, or/otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless(然而), still, in contrast/comparison, by comparison等。
因果关系表示因果关系的标志词语有：so, therefore, thus, consequently(结果), as a result (of), so/such ...that ..., so that ...等。
递进关系：若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。表示递进关系的标志词语有：too, also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, likewise, similarly, what's more, what's worse, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, not ... but ..., not only ... but also等。
表示并列关系的标志词语有：and, first(ly), second(ly); first, then/next; to begin with, some ... others ...; for one thing, for another thing; then/next, finally/last等。
第二步 由类型→定技法
主旨概括题
01
主旨概括题主要考查考生对文章或段落进行概括的能力，它要求考生在阅读文章时，能够提炼其中心思想，体会作者的写作意图，充分运用概括能力提取文章的主题、观点以及作者的情感态度。这类题常以考查段落标题为主，设题位置一般在段首，有时总结性的语句也会出现在段中或段尾。这类题有时也会考查整篇文章的主旨大意，即文章的主题句，一般会在首段设空。概括起来讲，命题人通常从两个方面设题：
①概括文章或段落的主题句或结论性语句；
②段落标题。
解答主旨概括题通常采用浏览的方式，即重点搜索本段的主题线索词并快速理清主旨大意，然后浏览选项，准确判定出与主旨大意匹配的选项。
语段过渡题
02
语段过渡题所涉及的句子是过渡句，具有承上启下的作用，该题型主要考查考生对篇章的理解能力和对上下文之间逻辑关系的分析能力。其设空位置比较灵活，可位于段尾、段首或段中。解这类题通常可采用位置判断法。
如果设空位于段首，要前瞻后望找提示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与之衔接，并结合本段内容，看所选的答案是否能将两段内容连贯起来。
如果设空位于段中，重点阅读该空的前一句和后一句，找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根据意义的连贯性得出答案；如果还没有把握，再分析该段的中心句。
如果设空位于段尾，在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联时，可考虑与下一段开头之间的衔接。仔细阅读下一段开头几句，看是否能与所选选项紧密连接起来。
细节线索题
03
细节线索类的试题要求考生更加注重文章中的细节，比如某个关键的单词或数字等。解答这类试题经常用到的方法有：词汇复现法、词汇同现法、代词线索法、逻辑关系线索法等。
（1）词汇复现法
复现法是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即在文章中不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形式主要包括原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现等。考生可利用文章的这一特点，在解题时注意选项中出现的与正文意思相同、相近或相反的词。
（2）词汇同现法
词汇同现是指属于同一词汇范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章中同时出现，达到语意衔接的目的。一般来说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。
（3）代词线索法
英语文章中代词出现的频率极高，代词一般用来指代前面提及的名词，考生如果能巧妙地利用这样的指代关系或根据代词的单复数就可以准确而快速地解题。
（4）逻辑关系线索法
一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的联系。从逻辑意义上来看，句子与句子之间常常有并列、顺承、递进、转折、总分、解释、因果、过渡、例证等关系，有时甚至包含不止一种这样的关系。因此，理解阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，考生就可以利用其来进行推理判断；如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词，这就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，作出正确的判断。
新课标解读：
2024年高考英语命题仍然依据高考评价体系“一核四层四翼”的总体要求，题材广泛、体裁多样，内容贴近生活，反映时代精神，围绕普通高中新课程标准中“人与自然”、“人与社会”、“人与自我”三大主题，以落实立德树人的教育根本任务为目标，对以核心素养为中心的中学英语课堂教学发挥了重要的“反拨”作用。本文选取2023年新高考Ⅰ卷英语试题，结合《普通英语课程标准（2017年版2020年修订）》对其进行分析。
七选五主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。语篇类型以说明文为主，议论文和记叙文为辅。词数一般为280-300词左右。题材贴近学生生活，主要考查学生的文意重建和逻辑思维能力。
新《课标》把英语思维品质列入学科核心素养，英语教学中把培养思维能力作为重要的教学目标。逻辑思维是指运用语言符号形成的概念来进行判断、推理，以解决问题的思维过程。在七选五解题过程中正体现了逻辑思维的培养。
“思维认知能力”主要包括:形象思维能力、抽象思维能力、归纳概括能力、演绎推理能力、批判性思维能力、辩证思维能力等。
主题语境分析：
七选五题型通常涉及到新课标中的“人与社会”这一主题语境。以下是对该主题在近几年高考中的分布分析：
2019年和2020年：这两年的七选五题目主要集中在段首和段末位置的考点，难度相对较高。题材多与生活和学习、做人与做事、社会服务与人际沟通等相关，突出了实用性、知识性和服务性。
2021年：这一年的题目相比较前两年，更贴近生活，代入感强，降低了难度。语篇主题语境多为“人与社会”，体裁以说明文为主。
2022年：全国乙卷的阅读七选五部分的主题语境为“人与社会”，选项均为简单句，设空位置较为均衡，有的空位于段落中间，有的空位于标题位置。
2023年：高考英语试卷围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题选材，合理设计考查内容、考查要求和考查情境，体现了高考对体育、美育和劳动教育的引导。
综上所述，近几年的高考英语七选五题目在“人与社会”这一主题上的分布相对均匀，题目难度有所波动，但整体趋势是更加注重实用性和生活贴近度。
（2024·云南·二模）Flash fiction is a name for short stories that are kept within a specific word or character limit, usually up to 1,500 words. 1 . It’s about finding clever ways to keep as much detail as possible about the plot, characters and setting but in the fewest words possible. Use these four top tips to help you write your own fascinating flash fiction.
● 2
When planning a flash fiction story you first need to decide what are the important parts of the story that the reader just cannot miss. This might be a few moments from the beginning, middle and end. Once you have these, then any extra detail can either be cutaway or added in—if it makes the story better and the word limit allows.
●Develop characters using adverbs
Good flash fiction has well-developed characters who have personalities and faults. You can takeout long descriptions of your characters and replace them with the occasional adverb to help the reader understand the characters’ movements and behaviour. Adverbs are words that describe verbs. 3 .Examples of adverbs include, “The prince stared angrily and marched awkwardly back to his horse.”
●Use clauses to add colour and detail
Clauses add detail to sentences without adding too many words. 4 .This is a section of a sentence starting with which, who, when, where, etc. For example, “The air, which smelt of oranges...” Be careful not to make sentences too long, though, and takeout any clauses that don’t add anything to the story.
●Combine your sentences
5 .For example: Mary was upset she had school and took her shoes off. She slumped on the sofa and flicked on the TV. It was going to be a long day and she was nervous about meeting the new head teacher. This becomes; Mary slumped in front of the TV, took off her shoes and decided she was too nervous for school.
A．Practice to make it perfect
B．Plan carefully before writing
C．Writing flash fiction takes skill
D．You could use a relative clause
E．Verbs are words that describe physical or mental actions and states of being
F．Try doing this by picking a few things and putting them into a shorter sentence
G．They have different functions from other words used in flash fiction in English
（2024·山东德州·一模）French parenting isn’t perfect, but there’s a lot we can learn from this kind but no-nonsense style of parenting.
French children are allowed to handle difficult things themselves. 6 The early years are when they discover all the cool ways their new body works and how to use it. To encourage this autonomy, French parents treat children more like adults-in-training than helpless babies. They believe kids feel confident when they’re able to deal with things on their own.
Fearful of hurting feelings, American parents tend to praise every child for everything. 7 However, all that praise eventually turns out to be pointless. By contrast, French adults give children appropriate praise, thus allowing them to feel a true sense of achievement and take pride in what they learn.
Painful experiences are the best learning opportunities and sheltering children from this fact of life will merely delay their emotional development. French doctors never say “sorry” when giving kids shots. The French believe undergoing hurts, is part of life and that there’s no reason to apologize for that. 8
Plus, the expectation of eye contact and a polite hello starts from the minute French children can say hello. They know saying “hello” and good manners are non-negotiable. Teaching them about that will benefit them for a lifetime. 9 Be patient with little ones as they learn.
All the above feels easier said than done, especially as a tired parent facing an intolerable child. 10 Your efforts will end up with children’s better behaviour overall.
A．They mean what they say.
B．This isn’t to say it’ll come easily.
C．It might save tears in the short term.
D．They wish children to suffer sometimes.
E．Bearing a few blow-ups is worthwhile, though.
F．Parents have to spare them such psychological discomfort.
G．“Me do it!” is little kids’ favorite phrase and for good reason.
（2024·湖南长沙·二模）Is going alone in an unknown area the right way to go, or do you want a tour guide to show you the highlights I think that you can combine the two ways in one trip and have the best of both worlds. 11 The best purchase we made was for a bus tour that would take us around the capital and point out all the main sites. That allowed us the next day to travel on foot to the ones we especially wanted to see.
Let’s look at the San Francisco Bay Area which is another one of my favorite vacation spots. Some areas are so familiar to tourists that it’s possible to view the attractions on your own. 12 Fisherman’s Wharf and Pier 39 are good examples. Just by walking a few blocks, you can tour Aquarium of the Bay and the Riptide Arcade on Pier 39.
13 If you go to Alcatraz Island, you have a choice of going alone, having a live tour guide or being guided by earphones. I would recommend the live tour guides. I went all three ways, and I received more enjoyment by someone telling me items interest I know I had missed on previous tours. 14 It gives you a behind-the-scenes look of colorful Chinatown. The tour covers history, traditions of the local people and culture that you probably wouldn’t know or see by travelling alone.
You can go alone to attractions or take a guided tour. It’s your choice and you can choose whichever would give you the most memorable experience. 15
A．I recommend both.
B．It’s possible to drive to the area and go alone.
C．One trip we recently took was to Washington DC．
D．Some attractions are worth having a tour guide for.
E．Chinatown Walking Tours are a tour-guided must-see.
F．That allows you to take your time and go at your own pace.
G．The tour guides know what we have never found out on our own.
（2024·全国·二模）How to Protect Against Undue Influence Online
The potential for undue influence has become increasingly significant in this era of digital interconnectivity. Undue influence can affect our perceptions and influence our decisions. It may even end anger our autonomy (自主) and mental health. 16
Understand what undue influence is
The first step to protecting yourself is understanding what undue influence is. Undue influence refers to a situation in which an individual or group employs unreasonable control over another person’s behavior information, thoughts, and emotions. 17 Disinformation campaigns, persuasive advertising, and even content designed to cause fear, uncertainty, or dependency may often appear online.
Develop media literacy skills
In an age of fake news, it is crucial to develop media literacy skills. 18 Become a consumer who can tell the quality of information, identify the source, check for credibility, and look for your unconscious assumptions and preferences.
19
Delete as much data as you can about yourself. Be mindful of what information you share online, and always ensure that your online activities are secured through reliable sources. Review all policies on platforms, especially “free” ones. If you aren’t paying, then you are the product, as in many cases, they are selling your data.
By including these steps into your digital life, you can protect yourself from undue influence in the online world, ensuring that you can think and act independently, free from ill control.
20 It is your mind. Only you should control it!
A．Prioritize privacy
B．Be mindful of free ones
C．It’s vital to have a health y Internet and real-life balance.
D．In the digital world, undue influence can take many forms.
E．Everyone deserves the right to live free from undue influence.
F．They involve analyzing, evaluating, and creating media in various forms.
G．Here are some essential strategies for you to protect yourself online from undue influence.
（2024·黑龙江·二模）Living car-free in the US
Culdesac admitted its first thirty-six residents in Tempe, Arizona, US, earlier this year. 21 . The $170 million neighborhood, with its white buildings and narrow walkways(走道), is expected to hold around 1,000 people when the full 760 units are completed by 2025, according to The Guardian. Similar projects in Charlotte, North Carolina, and Houston, Texas, are also underway, said Bloomberg.
In a country as car-dependent as the US, Culdesac is nothing short of visionary (有远见的). 22 although some densely(稠密地) populated costal US cities like Boston and New York City are walkable and have various public transportation options like bus and light rail. In the 2019 US Census, it was found that roughly 85% of Americans relied on a car to get to work. 23 . In a 2023 study, the American Automobile Association said that it costs an average of about $12,000 per year to own and maintain a car in the US. So, what is stopping Americans from abandoning cars and embracing relatively cheaper alternatives like e-bikes In a word, unsafe roads that prioritize cars over people. According to a 2019 report by the World Health Organization, the US traffic fatality rate is 12.4 deaths per 100,000. At the same time, pedestrians and cyclists in the US are often blamed for being hit by drivers rather than the other way around.
24 . By embracing a new car-free way of living, US projects like Culdesac can provide an alternative way of living that is both healthier and more affordable and, in turn, influence others to live a better way as well. As Vanessa Fox, a 32-year-old resident of Culdesac, said, “ 25 . Freedom is being to just simply walk out and access places.”
A．Still, there is hope
B．Cars are allowed, but parking is limited
C．This can effectively avoid traffic accidents on a road
D．This reliance on cars doesn’t come cheap, unfortunately
E．For some, cars equal freedom, but for me, it’s a restriction
F．It describes itself as the first car-free neighbourhood built in the US
G．The vast majority of Americans are entirely dependant on cars to get around
（2024·河南南阳·一模）Entering competitions can be fun, and it’s a good way to hone（磨炼）your skills. While you can’t expect to win every time, you can increase your chances of winning with the right strategy and preparation. These are general tips that can be applied to your competition of choice.
Research and choose the right competition. 26 Choose a competition at which you’ll excel, and make sure it’s far enough in the future that you have plenty of time to train effectively. Do some research into the judges and organizers as well to see what they look for in a winning competitor.
Don’t psych yourself out. Plenty of people get scared off by a competition’s requirements and don’t enter in the first place. 27 Since you’ve done your research, you can be confident in your choice to compete and your potential to win. So, stand strong even when you have your doubts and when others may be dropping out.
Learn your competition. Remember that you’re not competing with everyone in the competition. There may be many applicants and candidates, but there will only be a few contenders（竞争者）and finalists. 28
Make a checklist. Everyone has different productivity styles. If it helps, consider making a training checklist. 29 A checklist is what weightlifters do, for example, to keep track of the exercises they’ve done, the number of reps, and the weight. With a written checklist, you also have one less thing to think and worry about.
30 Leave sticky notes on your mirror or car steering wheel. Write down anything motivational to keep you inspired. It doesn’t have to be specific. It can simply be, “You OWN the track today!” or “35.5 IS my time!”
A．Stick to your training.
B．Others drop out along the way.
C．Give yourself encouraging reminders.
D．Focus on understanding and beating them.
E．This is the time to set reasonable and achievable goals.
F．It provides you a sense of accomplishment along the way.
G．It might be important if you don’t have a coach to guide you.
（2024·湖北·二模）Get Better at Saying No
When rejecting a request, “no” is a short, simple word that can cause anxiety for the person trying to say it. The following strategies can help you get better at saying no. Be intentional about what you communicate.
31 Sure, but as psychologist Vanessa Bohns points out, only saying a “no” is often pretty uncomfortable for the asker. Instead, she advises communicating three things: “It’s not because of me, it’s not because of you, and it’s not because of us.” One way to do that is by thanking people for thinking of you. 32 Then, follow up with a short explanation: “I wish I could, but I just don’t have the time right now.” That helps make it clear that your “no” isn’t a poor reflection of your own character; it’s not the other person; and it’s not a disapproval of the relationship, Bohns says. Have a planned phrase for more informal encounters.
Not every situation, of course, calls for such a thoughtful approach. Think through times when you’ve gotten stressed over delivering a quick “no”, and then brainstorm phrases you could use in the future. Bohns, for example, is often asked to donate to some cause or another as she checks out at the grocery store. 33 “It’s true, and it’s a way of saying, essentially, that I’m still a good person,” she says. 34
There’s always that one guy who won’t take “no” for an answer. If someone is applying too much pressure, adopt what psychologist Ellen Hendriksen describes as the broken-record technique. 35 Occasionally, the asker will get annoyed, but usually after repeating yourself two or three times, even the most persistent (执着的) people will get the message.
A．She says no directly.
B．That is, stick to your answer.
C．Adopt the broken-record technique.
D．It’s not worth repeating your request again and again.
E．She now has a go-to response: “I already donated this year.”
F．You might hear that “no” is a convenient word for declining requests.
G．This makes them relieved that they didn’t do anything wrong by asking.
（2024·浙江·模拟预测）One of my bad habits is saying “busy” when people ask me how I’m doing. Sometimes it’s because I actually am busy, but other times it’s because that’s what I think I’m supposed to say. That’s what important or promoted people say. 36 So why are we so proud to talk about how busy we are all the time
In 2016, researchers conducted a study to figure it out. 37 And interestingly, these status attributions (归属) are heavily influenced by our own beliefs. In other words, the more we believe that one has the opportunity for success based on hard work, the more we tend to think that people who always skip leisure and work are of higher standing.
That’s why we feel like we have to appear busy, and there’s a real perception that if someone is knee-deep in meetings, emails, and stress, then they’re probably a big deal. 38 According to a recent study, one in five highly engaged employees is at risk of burnout.
39 It sounds self-righteous (自以为是) and sets the wrong tone. Phrases like “I have limited access to email” and “I’ll respond as soon as I get back” sound like you’re being held against your will from working as opposed to making the most of your time off.
That’s why we recently launched the Out of Office Email Generator, a free tool you can use before your next long weekend or trip. 40 Managers need to think twice about emailing their teams on the weekend and talking about how busy they are, and so do leaders.
A．Actually, leading a busy life can be avoidable.
B．But working long hours doesn’t drive better results.
C．A person of high status feels tired when promoted.
D．Busy people are found to be those with high social rank.
E．You can share you won’t be checking the mailbox till you return.
F．This culture of busyness is making it hard to find work-life balance.
G．Personally, I’m going to stop saying “busy” when people ask me how I am.
（2024·河南濮阳·一模）No matter how friendly your tone is or how honey-sweet you are in a conversation, when you start your sentences with one of these words (or both), the message to your recipient is “You are wrong.” 41 They are “No” and “But”.
These words don’t say, “Let’s discuss this” or “I’d love to hear what you think about this” to people. They say. “You are wrong and I am right.” If your conversation companion is also eager to win at any cost, you will have a potential battle on your hands. The result 42
Are you interested in a little test to see how competitive your co-workers are Try this. For one week, keep a scorecard of how many times each person uses “No” or “But” to start a sentence. 43 And, if you drill a little deeper, you’ll see patterns emerge. For instance, some people use these words to gain power. You’ll see how much people dislike it, consciously or not, and how it kills rather than opens up discussions.
44 Practically without even thinking, I keep count of their use of these two little words. It’s such an important indicator! If the numbers pile up in an initial meeting with a client. I’ll interrupt him or her and say. “We’ve been talking for almost an hour now, and do you realize that you have responded 17 times with either ‘No’ or ‘But’ ”
Stop trying to defend your position and start monitoring how many times you begin remarks with “No” or “But”. 45 For example, “That’s true, but…” (Meaning: You don’t really think it’s true at all.) Another expression is “Yes, but...” (Meaning: Prepare to be contradicted.)
A．Why do people like saying this
B．I use this technique with my clients.
C．What are these conversation stopping words
D．Nothing more can happen that will be productive.
E．It’s human nature to like being accepted and recognized.
F．You will be shocked at how frequently these words are used.
G．Pay close attention to when you use these words in sentences.
（2024·湖南·一模）If you have ever looked closely at the tires on your car, you have probably seen little hairs sticking out of the black rubber. 46 Are they there for any safety reasons Those little bits are one of the strange car features some people may stop to think about.
Located on the vertical part of the tire, these curious little rubber hairs are known as “vent spews (轮胎毛刺)”. They are crucial in the tire-making process. As the tread pattern mold (胎面花纹模具) is pressed into the tire’s rubber, the extra rubber requires a way to escape the mold. 47
Curiously, there’s no set number of hairs each tire will have. 48 But the presence of tire hairs is universal. They are nothing more than remnants (残余部分) of the complex process that makes strong and durable tires.
49 Because they are found on the part of the tire rubber that doesn’t hit the road, and they have no impact on how well your tire grips (抓牢) the pavement in rainy weather. These rubber hairs also don’t have any impact on road noise or why your tires squeak when you’re driving. They are merely evidence of the new tire’s arrival in the world.
Tire hairs are naturally worn away during normal driving, and the presence or absence of these hairs doesn’t determine if a tire is safe. There is one instance, however, where the lack of tire hairs can matter. 50 As a responsible car owner, you should monitor the health of your tires regularly.
A．Why do tires have hairs
B．Tire hairs don’t have any effect on safe driving.
C．Are there any other interesting facts about cars
D．They look funny, yet every new car tire has them.
E．It could be a sign that tires are worn, old and need to be replaced.
F．The exact number varies based on the design and size of the tires.
G．Because tiny-size escape vents are created throughout each mold, little tire hairs are born.
（2024·江苏·一模）Nowadays, the term “superfood” has become the nutritional buzzword. Simply put, these superfoods are those that provide large amount of nutrients through minimal calories.
The term “superfood” may have taken the modern food scene by storm. 51 Although only popular in recent years, the concept of certain foods with special nutritional qualities has been around for a long time. The nickname “superfood” gained widespread popularity in the early 2000s as health enthusiasts and the food industry sought to identify and market foods with special health benefits. Today, it is a trend in diet.
In an age when we share all kinds of superfoods on social media, ignoring the phenomenon is impossible. 52 It’s easy to understand. These nutritional superheroes offer a perfect combination of substance and style, tailored for the digital generation. Their lively colours, exotic origins and impressive nutrient profiles make them candidates for the next viral food trend.
53 They offer a lifestyle that reflects the global shift towards a more health conscious society. As the world wrestles with an increasing burden of diseases and the fast pace of modern life, people are seeking dietary solutions from superfoods. 54 They are rich in vitamins and minerals that can strengthen your immune system, avoid chronic diseases, and improve your overall well being. Another remarkable benefit is their potential to promote heart health, helping you build a strong heart. Don’t forget their role in skin regeneration. The antioxidants (抗氧化物) can provide a natural glow, reduce skin ageing and fight against skin conditions.
55 Superfoods, while nutritionally dense, should be part of a comprehensive diet rather than the only guarantee of our health.
A．What is driving the trend
B．What are nutritional superheroes
C．They bring appearances to the table as well.
D．Superfoods promise more than just a meal.
E．No single food can cure all diseases.
F．They seem tailor made to deal with these concerns.
G．However, its roots can be traced back to early 20th century nutrition literature.
（2024·四川·模拟预测）How to stay healthy on holiday
Taking time to relax on holiday may be good for our health. 56 . Here’s how to stay healthy when you travel.
Plan before you go
Besides the stress of organizing your break in the first place, there’s the added anxiety of remembering to buy and pack everything you need, as well as getting where you need to go on time. To avoid this, as soon as you’ve booked your holiday, list the travel documents you’ll need. Check you have them and they’re valid (有效的). Then start packing several weeks in advance, giving yourself time to buy some daily necessities. 57 .
58
Try to forget the cares of everyday life. You can achieve this by ensuring you don’t check emails or social media, or feel obligated to use it to record your best holiday moments. Ideally, turn off notices, limit your screen time and try to focus on the present moment. That will enable you to relax and make special memories.
Eat and drink well and mindfully
59 . Take time to really enjoy all the flavors. However, you should be aware that too many alcoholic drinks can cause “holiday heart”, characterized by an irregular rhythm. What’s worse, if you’re holidaying in a hot climate, that can also result in dehydration (脱水).
Get active
Try a new activity. Consider walking and swimming or tennis. 60 . Remember that being active not only helps you stay fit during the holiday, but also makes you feel fitter and more refreshed once you’re back.
A．Ignore all the barriers in life
B．Get rid of the digital addiction
C．But there’s a physical reason for this
D．However, too much relaxation also has opposite effects
E．Part of the fun of going away is experiencing the cuisine of other places
F．On departure day, leave more time than you need to get to an airport or port
G．If you’re somewhere hot, it’s best to work out in the early morning or evening
（2024·山东泰安·一模）“Rise to Glory” is an incredibly inspiring film that unfolds the gripping (扣人心弦的) tale of a loser’s journey to greatness. 61 It takes them on an emotional rollercoaster, mixing moments of success with heart-breaking setbacks.
The cinematography, the technique of making films for the cinema, in “Rise to Glory” deserves special mention. 62 The director’s ability to perfectly combine intense action sequences (镜头) with quiet moments of reflection adds a layer of depth to the storytelling.
63 Each character faces their own set of challenges, contributing to the overall theme of growth and resilience (适应力). The supporting cast delivers exceptional performances, filling the story with authenticity and depth. The strong connection among the cast members is noticeable, increasing the appeal of the characters’ journeys.
The soundtrack of “Rise to Glory” is a standout feature. It perfectly makes up the on- screen events, creating an immersive (沉浸式的) experience for the audience. 64
“Rise to Glory” leaves a powerful impression on the viewer. It is a must-watch for anyone who wants to get motivated. The movie delivers a profound message of perseverance and self- discovery, presented with a heartfelt sincerity. 65 It’s an emotional journey that attracts from beginning to end. Its exceptional cinematography, compelling characters, and impactful soundtrack come together to create a cinematic masterpiece that will undoubtedly stand the test of time.
A．The soundtrack features a collection of music.
B．In summary, “Rise to Glory” is more than just a film.
C．The visuals are attractive, deepening the emotional impact.
D．The movie attracts the audience from the beginning to the end.
E．The music adds not only emotion but also depth to the storytelling.
F．What sets this film apart is its well-developed and relatable characters.
G．The film lacks a dramatic emotional journey, leaving viewers unaffected.
（2024·广东·一模）Getting older means greater maturity and wisdom. 66 In a society that is aging fast, it has become crucial to find ways to prevent related mental and emotional disorders. Music emerges as a promising tool for promoting well-being of the elderly.
Music has a great power to cause strong emotions and intense pleasure. 67 singing and dancing to music with others is not only fun but also improves mood. Musical activities are great ways to reduce stress because they take our minds off problems. They also help us feel less lonely and more connected with other people.
68 A song may become a soundtrack for a particular time, such as a delightful party with friends that you had along time ago. Listening to that song allows you to remember all the happy memories from that time.
Finally, music contributes to keeping our thinking skills sharp. It makes our brains work hard in unique ways to understand the rhythm and melody. 69 For example, exposure to background music, particularly classical music, during cognitive (认知的) tasks is shown to improve older people’s cognitive processes, such as processing speed and working memory.
In conclusion, music is a powerful tool to fight against aging-related emotional and cognitive problems. It is an enjoyable and social activity, available to anyone regardless of their background or previous musical experience. 70
A．Music can also open forgotten doors to our memories.
B．Recalling happy memories can lift our mood on a bad day.
C．Even passive music listening can help elderly adults think better.
D．This helps people feel better when they are depressed or anxious.
E．However, it often involves a series of physical and mental challenges.
F．The ability to form new memories is essential for processing information.
G．Thus, this accessible intervention should become a major policy priority for healthy aging.
（2024·山东青岛·一模）When you think of your closest friends, who will come to your mind Perhaps your college roommates or the neighbor you played with as a child. Regardless of how you met these people, they most likely have one key thing in common: 71 A 2023 study found that, for those aged 21 to 30, over 80 percent in their social circles, were born within five years of them. Moreover, nearly 63 percent of adults have no close friends 15 years older or younger than them.
Spending our time with such a narrow group of people can fuel age segregation and increase our loneliness. These limitations also keep us from other generations’ mindsets and potentially surprising points of connection. 72 Of course, the ones that are older might offer a brief look into the coming years.
A program that runs schools out of senior centers has said a lot about it. 73 Dawn Carr, a sociology professor, said most older people get much from practical help—with new technology, for instance—their younger friends offered. 74 Having fun with someone decades younger definitely takes off their pressure to “act their age”.
75 Lila, aged 75, was proud that her life experiences prepared her to give advice to her young friend with depression, for which the young was grateful. Also, older friends offer more examples of what growing up can look like. If someone’s parents are the only older people they know well, they might fail to picture other possibilities. A greater pool of older friends can help young people create their own blueprint.
A．You befriend those who live around.
B．They’re all roughly the same age as you.
C．Others might find joy in exposure to new ideas.
D．Brought closer, both see more than one benefit.
E．Younger friends can be a reminder of past selves.
F．Forming these kinds of friendship is particularly hard today.
G．Indeed, intergenerational relationship is never a one-way street.
（2024·新疆塔城·二模）Stop Spam!
When I first got an e-mail account over ten years ago, I received communications only from family, friends, and colleagues. Now it seems that every time I check my e-mail, I have an endless series of advertisements and other correspondence that do not interest me at all. 76 and we need specific laws that make spamming (发送垃圾邮件) a crime.
77 , the problem will certainly get much puter programs allow spammers to send hundreds of millions of e-mails almost instantly. 78 so individual e-mail boxes are often flooded with spam e-mails. Would people continue to use e- mail if they had to deal with an annoying amount of spam each time
This problem is troubling for individuals and companies as well. panies rely on e-mail for their employees to communicate with each other. Spam frequently causes failures in their local communication networks, and their employees are thus unable to communicate effectively. Such a situation results in a loss of productivity and requires companies to repeatedly repair their networks.
For these reasons, 80 . Spammers should be fined, and perhaps sent to prison if they continue to disturb people. E-mail is a tool which helps people all over the world to communicate conveniently, but spam is destroying this convenience.
A．We want e-mail to continue to be useful
B．If people have to deal with an annoying spam
C．I believe that lawmakers need to legislate against spam
D．If lawmakers do not do something soon to prohibit spam
E．More and more advertisers turn to spam to sell their products
F．Many spam e-mails contain computer viruses that can shut down the entire network of a company
G．These computer problems raise production costs of companies, which are passed on to the consumer
（2024·辽宁盘锦·一模）Want to feel better, have more energy and even add years to your life Just exercise. 81 Need more convincing to get moving Check out these ways that exercise can lead to a happier, healthier you.
Exercise controls weight
Exercise can help prevent too much weight gain or help you keep off lost weight. When you take part in physical activity, you burn calories. Regular trips to the gym are great, but don’t worry if you can’t find a large block of time to exercise every day. To gain the benefits of exercise, just get more active throughout your day. 82 Consistency is key.
Exercise improves mood
Need an emotional lift Or need to lower stress after a stressful day A gym session or quick walk can help. 83 You also may feel better about your appearance and yourself when you exercise regularly, which can boost your confidence and improve your self-worth.
84
Regular physical activity can improve your muscle strength and boost your tolerance. Exercise sends oxygen and nutrients to your tissues and helps your cardiovascular (心血管的) system work more efficiently. And when your heart and lung health improve, you have more energy to tackle daily chores (杂活).
Exercise can be fun-and social!
Exercise and physical activity can be fun: They give you a chance to enjoy the outdoors or simply do activities that make you happy. Physical activity also can help you connect with family or friends in a fun social setting. Find a physical activity you enjoy, and just do it. Bored 85
A．Exercise boosts energy
B．Exercise prevents high blood pressure
C．Try something new, or do something with friends or family.
D．Everyone benefits from exercise, no matter their age, sex or physical ability.
E．For example, take the stairs instead of the lift or speed up your household chores.
F．Just don’t exercise too close to bedtime, or you may be too energized to go to sleep.
G．Physical activity stimulates many brain chemicals that may leave you feeling happier, more relaxed and less anxious.
（2024·陕西宝鸡·二模）Laugh Your Worries Away
Have you ever laughed so much you simply couldn’t stop Perhaps your body has keeled over with laughter or you have “got the giggles” at an inappropriate moment. As World Laughter Day approaches, read on to find out why chuckling puts a smile on your face and is good for you.
86
Laughter is a sound you make involuntarily. When you laugh, you are using the muscles in between your ribcage. This squeezes air out of you, causing you to make a noise. There are other effects too: laughter causes 15 muscles in your face to contract (move), leaving you with a big grin.
Why do we laugh
87 . In fact, it’s a way of connecting with other people. Sophie Scott is a laughter expert and neuroscientist, which means she studies the brain. She told The Week Junior, “The main reason why we laugh is social. It’s something we do to make and maintain bonds with other people and it’s a really important way of us communicating with each other.”
Is laughter really good for me
Not only does laughter connect you to others but it can also help when you’re feeling down or worried. Scott says, “Laughter is a very important way to deal with stress.” 88 , which can help you feel less anxious and more relaxed. In fact, a recent study by a children’s mental health charity, the Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, shows that 83% of young people rely on laughter to improve their mood. Laughter can strengthen the immune system and it has been linked to a healthy heart. 89 .
What if I’m not in the mood to laugh
It’s possible and normal to laugh when feeling sad. 90 . Laughter is also contagious, which means whatever your mood is, you can catch the giggles from others who are laughing.
A．What is laughter
B．When do we laugh
C．Surprisingly, it has very little to do with your sense of humor
D．Sometimes, people use laughter to lighten an awkward or upsetting situation
E．What’s more, laughing with friends or family can make you feel safe and secure
F．Endorphins, or feel-good chemicals in your body, are released when you laugh
G．Evidently, laughter, recognized as the best medicine, can help us lift our spirits
（2024·内蒙古赤峰·一模）As you begin creating a volunteer recruitment (招募) plan, you may be thinking, “the more, the merrier”. 91 , and during the recruitment process ensure you find volunteers with the right qualities to add real volunteer value to your team.
First and foremost, a volunteer should care about the people or animals who need his help. This means the volunteer is only concerned that his efforts are making a positive impact on the lives of others. 92 . Lending a hand at homeless shelter, for example, doesn’t give a volunteer the right to discuss the situations of the people who need the shelter outside of the volunteer group.
93 . Volunteering for his favorite cause is something he looks forward to doing, something he feels a need to do. His enthusiasm is so genuine that he tells other people about the work he does and encourages other people to get on board.
A good volunteer is also reliable and dependable. 94 . He does what he says he’s going to do and fights through obstacles to make it happen. He also doesn’t lower his level of quality output because he isn’t being paid for it.
It’s important for a volunteer to be a self-starter. However, it’s equally important for him to know how to cooperate with other volunteers with passion. 95 , everyone involved is in it for the same purpose: to help those in need.
A．The man must be dedicated to his position
B．No matter what differences in personality, or outlook
C．He treats volunteering as his job and respects the rules
D．He must also respect the privacy of the people he helps
E．Though volunteering is more than just an act of kindness
F．Passion is an important quality that a good volunteer should possess
G．But it’s worth spending some time getting to know your potential volunteers
（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模） 96 We build cultures by the hundreds and new stories by the millions. We surround ourselves with things that have never existed before, while pigs and llamas and goldfish do not. But where do our new ideas come from
Through the history of human activities, prior art promotes the creative process. Before 1908, each vehicle was custom built, with different parts assembled in different places and then painstakingly brought together. But Henry Ford came up with a critical innovation of streamlining the entire process. Nevertheless, the idea was something he learned about from the Chicago meatpacking industry. He simply assembled into a car the discoveries of other men behind whom were centuries of work. 97 Even in Picasso’s painting Les Demoisellesd’ Avignon, we can trace its genealogy (血统宗谱).
But is there any moment when someone is suddenly struck by an idea that comes from nowhere Take, for example, a surgeon named Anthony Cicoria, who in 1994 was speaking to his mother on an outdoor payphone when he was struck by a bolt of lightning. A few weeks later, he unexpectedly began composing and introduced his music works in subsequent years. 98
However, on closer inspection, Cicoria also turns out to rely on the raw materials around him. 99 It is difficult to know what the lightning strike did to his brain, but it is clear that he rapidly absorbed these musical products. His sudden desire to compose may have come from nowhere, but his basic creative process did not.
100 But creative ideas evolve from existing memories and impressions. Instead of new ideas being lit up by lightning bolts, they arise from the interweaving billions of microscopic sparks in the vast darkness of the brain.
A．The drive to create the new is part of our biological makeup.
B．We humans are always waiting for the creative lightning to strike.
C．The mining of history happens not only in technology, but in the arts as well.
D．If ever there were an example of creativity originating out of the thin air, this might be it.
E．While Cicoria’s music is beautiful, it shares the same structure and progression as the composer he likes.
F．No doubt the non-musician surely managed to compose due to the sudden idea flashing through his mind.
G．He recalls that, after his accident, he developed a strong desire to listen to nineteenth-century piano music.
（2024·江西鹰潭·一模）Making the decision to invest in healthy lifestyle changes is more than just flipping a switch. 101 . Psychologists have found that it takes an average of 66 days for a new habit to become automatic, but the truth is that building and maintaining lifestyle changes is highly dependent on each individual. However, there are some easy strategies that can help you develop a lifestyle change plan that works for you.
Focus on the whole picture. Lifestyle changes are like a puzzle. There are many pieces that must add up to the whole picture. Building habits in only one area of the puzzle will leave your overall picture lacking dimension. 102 , so it is important to understand how they all interact when setting up your lifestyle change plan.
Set realistic and achievable goals. 103 , focus on setting goals that are realistic. Instead of expecting to run a marathon in six months, shoot for running a 5-kilometer race then work up to the marathon. Setting realistic goals that you can achieve and then building on them will help you maintain momentum (动力)and stay motivated.
104 Building habits takes time. Be patient with yourself and understand that the fastest way forward isn’t always the smartest way forward. The goal in creating lifestyle changes isn’t to get to the finish line as quickly as possible. The goal is to build habits that are sustainable in your everyday life. 105 .
A．Track your progress and adjust your goals accordingly
B．Adopt new habits slowly and build on success
C．Therefore, focus on building one habit at a time
D．The goals you set for yourself are essential for overall success in changing your lifestyle
E．Making sustainable lifestyle changes is a process that takes time, dedication, and patience
F．So, give yourself time to start small and build on success so that the end result is rock solid
G．Your physical, mental, and emotional health all work together to make or break lifestyle changes
（2024·山西·一模）Blogging is a crucial marketing tool for businesses, big or small. Whether pursued as a hobby or for income, success lies in various factors, with the content being the most vital element—from domain name to email list.
Even if you consider yourself a pretty good writer, blogging has its own rules. The first thing is to understand your goals. Why are you writing Do you plan on blogging just as a fun hobby, or are you hoping to monetize your blog and turn it in to a business 106 .It will help direct you as you create content and make other important decisions related to your blog.
Then, what you should always do is take some time to understand your audience. Remember that your ultimate goal should be helping your audience solve a problem. 107 .You’ll want the answers to be accessible, easy to find, and as clear and straightforward as possible. Next, brainstorm a list of ideas that you might like to write about and research further. Create a list of potential topics that are more or less related to your blog’s theme. 108 .
As with any kind of wring, it’s always good to start with a solid outline. Whether loose or detailed, use relevant keywords to map out a logical flow for your post’s content. 109 .Unless you have a great hook a ready in mind, feel free to skip that for now and jump into the body paragraph.
110 .Engage your audience with logical high-quality content close to your blog’s focus. Constructing a consistent storyline will not only draw readers’ attention but also position your blog as a trustworthy authority in your field. Whether for pleasure or business, blogging’s potential lies in its impact on your audience and the personal fulfillment it brings.
A．Get these goals clear in your mind
B．Consistency plays a vital role in blogging
C．Think about your target words when writing a headline
D．Write the content that has the potential to reach a huge audience
E．With a structured outline in place, dive into the body of your post
F．And those topics would be interesting of value to your target audience
G．Keep this in mind as you plan the structure and outline of your content
（2024·广东江门·一模）It’s no surprise that there’s a link between exercise and mental health. But scientists have now made it official: research has found a direct connection between movement and mood. Why does exercise hold so many benefits for our mental health 111 .
When our muscles tighten, chains of amino acids (氨基酸) called myokines (肌细胞因子) are released into the bloodstream. 112 . This communication increases adaptation to stress, reduces symptoms of anxiety and has a direct effect on depression.
A recent study published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine showed that treatment for depression can be much more effective when physical activity is added to the usual care. 113 . “While exercise is not a substitute for professional mental health treatment, physical activity can complement and enhance the effects of the treatment,” says lead researcher Ben Singh, a research fellow at the University of South Australia. He says regular exercise in a group setting can boost self-esteem and decrease feelings of isolation and loneliness.
Exercise helps build key connections between the networks within the brain, too. 114 . Studies have shown that physical activity stimulates creativity, sharpens judgement skills and improves mental energy. It can also help to slow age-related cognitive decline, possibly even slowing the pace of developing Alzheimer’s disease.
115 . In this way you’ll keep going back to them. Experts suggest that you aim for a minimum of 10 to 30 minutes, three to five days each week. Getting sweaty is good for your body and mind.
A．It can improve overall cognitive performance
B．They help your muscles and organs communicate
C．The answer, studies say, lies in our brain chemistry
D．Here are the suggestions that you are supposed to pay attention to
E．It is amazing to consider how moving our bodies can affect our minds
F．To get the biggest health boost, the key is to be engaged in sports you enjoy
G．Participants found benefits after 12 weeks of exercising for 30 to 60 minutes a day
（2024·四川南充·二模）How music boosts brain
Many people believe that learning an instrument contributes to better educational attainment, cognition (thinking) and intelligence scores in children. But does this musicality translate to better cognition later in life
116
A recent study investigated this question by asking middle-aged and older people to complete a questionnaire on their musical experience and complete cognitive tests. The results showed musical people had better memory and executive function (the ability to stay focused on tasks and control oneself). A good memory, important for playing a musical instrument, translates to people’s cognitive performance. 117 .
Continuing to play
118 . Currently, amateur musicians show the highest cognitive performance of participants. That’s because continuing to play an instrument brings continued brain health benefits. By contrast, having played an instrument for three years during childhood might not have that big an impact on our cognitive performance later in life.
The “Mozart effect”
The famous “Mozart effect” was based on a study published in 1993. 119 . Sadly, the current study found no association between listening to music and cognitive performance. Cognitive stimulation depends on being actively engaged in activities. Thus passively listening to music doesn’t seem to provide any cognitive benefits.
Study conclusions
Playing an instrument or singing seems to have benefits to our brain health in ageing, according to the study. 120 . The study provides no evidence for this yet and it is also not clear how the findings apply to the general population, since most people in the study were female, well-educated and well-off.
A．Better memory and musical people
B．Improving cognitive performance
C．Continued engagement in playing an instrument helps cognitive function
D．It showed that when played Mozart, students scored higher on intelligence tests
E．Similarly, executive function required when playing an instrument also improves it
F．Being musical without playing an instrument could also improve cognitive performance
G．What is yet to be established is whether this would also help prevent cognitive decline as we age
（2024·广东佛山·二模）We’re growing more used to chatting to our computers, phones and smart speakers through voice assistants. Out of these assistants, Siri is the most well-known spoken web. Blind people have been using text-to-speech assistant for decades. 121
Some think voice could soon take over from clicking as the main way to interact online. They believe online interaction would soon depend mainly on voice. 122
Building the spoken web—web-to-voice and voice-to-web—is by no means an easy task. For software to answer simple questions about the weather and play music for us is easy. 123 Artificial intelligence isn’t smart enough yet. Even turning your voice into text is one of the hardest problems to solve. There are as many ways to pronounce things as there are people on the planet.
Using voice interaction feels far closer than surfing the net the old-fashioned way. 124 But if something speaks, it must also listen. Our phones are always near us and they are constantly collecting their personal information. This has already raised privacy concerns. People worry assistants will one day be used to deliver advertising directly to us.
125 In environments when one’s hands are occupied, such as while driving or cooking, the spoken web is helpful. Think about when you are cooking, it is natural to talk. And speech obviously makes sense when you are driving. On the other hand, in a quiet library, using voice commands to ask a question may not be as suitable as typing, as it could disturb others. The effectiveness of using voice depends on the specific surroundings.
A．Spoken web requires more personality to become popular.
B．But what are the challenges of moving to ”the spoken web“
C．It is also possible to search for different information you need.
D．The benefits of using voice obviously depend on the context.
E．The informal tone of the assistant helps create an emotional attachment.
F．But to have a conversation with users on diverse topics is a long way off.
G．People who can’t read can also obtain information using the spoken web.
（2024·贵州黔东南·二模）Vertical (垂直的) farming involves using vertically piled layers and other innovative resources to help your crops grow. 126 You get to grow your plants while using the small space at home. Below are some benefits of vertical farming for small house owners.
Reduce water usage. Watering a vertical garden is easy, simple, and uses less water. If your plants are grown in a traditional way, you’ll need lots of water to keep up with your plants’ growth. 127
Save space. As a small, house owner, space is a big concern. However, vertical farming ensures that you can create a garden in your home and fully enjoy the experience. 128 So, if you aim to save space in your home and still have a garden, vertical farming is perfect.
129 Vertical farming is mainly done indoors and entirely depends on you to provide the best conditions. With commitment, you can continuously ensure consistent food production despite the seasons.
Cut down on chemicals and pesticides. Vertical gardens will not require you to invest in pesticides and chemical fertilizers to keep your plants alive. In addition, insects will not have easy access to your plants since you’ll be gardening in a controlled environment. 130
A．Increase food production.
B．Produce food consistently.
C．Having a garden means you need to work with the space available.
D．It comes in handy without causing any inconvenience to your living arrangements.
E．However, if you invest in vertical farming, your water usage will dramatically drop.
F．So the food grown is organic and safe for consumption making it an excellent choice.
G．It enables you to take full advantage of walls and spaces that would otherwise stay useless.
（2024·湖南张家界·二模）It’s obvious that our society favors the outgoing personality, so being introverted (内向的) has always been seen as something that needs to be “fixed”. However, there is no fault in being introverted. 131
Introverts have hidden powers. 132 . While others are busy chatting, introverts observe things most-people are unaware of. Sometimes we can even read people. While it may seem introverts are always zoned out, we’re actually analyzing and thinking of creative ideas to one day share with you.
Introverts also keep the world balanced. In a world that can’t stop talking, the ability to listen to what each other has to say is an important virtue that will assist us in building peaceful relationships of understanding. 133 . By listening to whatever people pour out, introverts help maintain the order of the world.
Introverts can self-recharge. Though the outgoing may gain their energy through mixing in crowds, introverts are self-recharging powerhouses. 134 . Their energy is found through loneliness.
135 . In the noise of chatterboxes, their voices often get drowned out. There’s nothing more disappointing to an introvert than finally taking advantage of a moment to speak, only to be interrupted by the extroverts (外向者）. While extroverts may speak every thought that comes to mind, an introvert will choose their thoughts carefully and only speak of the ones they think their best to share. So next time, all you have to do is to be willing to listen.
A．Unluckily, introverts are faced with a big challenge.
B．And this is exactly what our introverts are born with.
C．Introverts have shown the potential to be great leaders.
D．Extroverted people would have no one to listen to them.
E．Instead, we should appreciate introverts for various reasons.
F．They don’t need to constantly put themselves out there to be lively.
G．Just because we introverts don’t say much doesn’t always mean we’re clueless.
（2024·河北唐山·一模）Despite what most people might think, you really don’t need much time to work out. In fact, even ten to twenty minutes of challenging exercise a few times a week is enough to burn fat, build muscle, boost strength, and contribute to a healthy, active lifestyle. 136
But sometimes, the resistance isn’t really about the actual time the workout takes. It’s about the energy it takes to get ready for it. Maybe your stress levels are over the top, or your energy levels have been so low that you keep talking yourself out of a workout. Or maybe you just don’t want to get all sweaty and have to take a shower afterward. 137 In such fast-paced life, we’re all struggling. But when it comes to exercise, being healthy and fit isn’t as black and white as the fitness world tries to make it seem. 138 Doing something is always better than nothing when it comes to movement. Micro workouts, like getting out for a fifteen-minute walk instead of doing the strength training workout, are significantly better than doing nothing at all.
139 They are time-saving, since they can be done in seconds or in as little time as 15-20 minutes. They require minimum space and equipment. Many can be done at home, in the park, or even while waiting in the checkout line. They are also money-saving as these can be done without a gym membership, coach, trainer, or class instructor.
So in order to maintain a healthy lifestyle, make time to move. 140 If all the movements like push-ups and pull-ups add up, you will still get many of the same benefits of a longer, harder workout.
A．These are understandable excuses.
B．Fitness can be simple, easy and convenient.
C．The advantages of micro workouts are apparent.
D．Try to add in micro workouts throughout the day.
E．No matter how busy you are, you have time to exercise.
F．Micro workouts are being backed up by trainers and science.
G．Being healthy is really more important than you can imagine.
（2024·湖南·二模）Those who consciously focus on each inhalation (吸气) and exhalation (呼气) could gain some impressive health benefits, especially for those that struggle with meditation (冥想).
A new controlled study among 108 participants (divided into two groups: breathing and meditation)found that over the course of a month, five minutes of daily breath techniques provided similar benefits to mood and anxiety as five minutes of meditation. 141 The study suggests breathing exercises may be a more “effective and powerful” mental health tool than meditation in the treatment of anxiety.
142 Those who spent five minutes working on their breath each day showed the most stress relief at the end of the month, with day-on-day improvements in their mental and physiological health.
What’s more, the study tested three different breathing techniques. 143 Participants who were asked to practice cyclic sighing — when exhalations are pronounced and prolonged — showed greater improvements than those who were asked to practice box breathing-when inhalation, a pause, and exhalation all match in duration — or cyclic hyperventilation (强力呼吸) — when inhalations are longer and exhalations are shorter.
Previous studies have shown that inhalations increase heart rate while exhalations decrease it. Perhaps that’s why cyclic sighing is so effective in relaxing the body and mind. Box breathing, on the other hand, is often used by military personnel to remain calm. 144 As humans, we never fully have control over our bodies. 145 Practicing a moment of control, even simply to sigh, could be just what the doctor ordered.
A．One of them seemed to perform the best.
B．That is a reality which shouldn’t go unnoticed.
C．Each of the techniques showed the same benefit.
D．Cyclic hyperventilation, on occasion, is used to relieve panic.
E．In fact, participants from the breathing group were even better off.
F．During the study, participants reported on their mood and vital signs.
G．There’s something about controlled breathing that seems to set it apart.
（2024·山东淄博·一模）The Power of Peers
Do birds of a feather really flock together People do tend to choose friends who are similar to them. Many behaviors spread socially. Activities in certain brain areas change when other people are around. 146 You can use the power of social relationships to gain healthier habits — and motivate others to do the same.
147 Teens are especially responsive to peer influence. At the same time, the reward system in the teen brain becomes extra sensitive. Teens are just learning to explore the social world. Understanding other people’s values and being influenced by them are important parts of socializing.
A research shows that even just having another peer around can change the reward response in the brain and also the risk-taking tendencies of teenagers. Some people seem to be more easily influenced than others and more sensitive to feelin