2024高考七选五备考技巧策略 人与自我主题语境分析 七选五练习30篇（含解析）

命题规律
七选五试题的文章体裁以说明文为主，兼顾考查记叙文。要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项补全短文，使短文前后逻辑通顺、结构完整。从设题角度看，主要考查位于段落内部的句子和段落主题句，解答此类题时，考生要理解并把握文章整体内容、结构以及上下文衔接关系，可以从句子间的逻辑关系和代词的指代等方面着手解题。
备考策略:这张表格很重要
解题技巧：看不下去的直接看备考策略
第一步 看位置→定类型
句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。段首、段中、段尾题在文中所起的作用可归纳为下表：
例证关系：前后的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和推理(从观点到例子)。常见的表示例证关系的标志词语有：for example, for instance, in fact/as a matter of fact, actually, in other words/that is to say等。
转折关系若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的逆转， 则空格处很有可能表示转折。表示转折关系的标志词语有：but, however, yet, while/though/although, or/otherwise, on the contrary, instead, nevertheless(然而), still, in contrast/comparison, by comparison等。
因果关系表示因果关系的标志词语有：so, therefore, thus, consequently(结果), as a result (of), so/such ...that ..., so that ...等。
递进关系：若空格前后两句之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个表示递进的句子。表示递进关系的标志词语有：too, also, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, likewise, similarly, what's more, what's worse, in addition, as well, to make matters worse, not ... but ..., not only ... but also等。
表示并列关系的标志词语有：and, first(ly), second(ly); first, then/next; to begin with, some ... others ...; for one thing, for another thing; then/next, finally/last等。
第二步 由类型→定技法
主旨概括题
01
主旨概括题主要考查考生对文章或段落进行概括的能力，它要求考生在阅读文章时，能够提炼其中心思想，体会作者的写作意图，充分运用概括能力提取文章的主题、观点以及作者的情感态度。这类题常以考查段落标题为主，设题位置一般在段首，有时总结性的语句也会出现在段中或段尾。这类题有时也会考查整篇文章的主旨大意，即文章的主题句，一般会在首段设空。概括起来讲，命题人通常从两个方面设题：
①概括文章或段落的主题句或结论性语句；
②段落标题。
解答主旨概括题通常采用浏览的方式，即重点搜索本段的主题线索词并快速理清主旨大意，然后浏览选项，准确判定出与主旨大意匹配的选项。
语段过渡题
02
语段过渡题所涉及的句子是过渡句，具有承上启下的作用，该题型主要考查考生对篇章的理解能力和对上下文之间逻辑关系的分析能力。其设空位置比较灵活，可位于段尾、段首或段中。解这类题通常可采用位置判断法。
如果设空位于段首，要前瞻后望找提示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与之衔接，并结合本段内容，看所选的答案是否能将两段内容连贯起来。
如果设空位于段中，重点阅读该空的前一句和后一句，找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根据意义的连贯性得出答案；如果还没有把握，再分析该段的中心句。
如果设空位于段尾，在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联时，可考虑与下一段开头之间的衔接。仔细阅读下一段开头几句，看是否能与所选选项紧密连接起来。
细节线索题
03
细节线索类的试题要求考生更加注重文章中的细节，比如某个关键的单词或数字等。解答这类试题经常用到的方法有：词汇复现法、词汇同现法、代词线索法、逻辑关系线索法等。
（1）词汇复现法
复现法是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即在文章中不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形式主要包括原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现等。考生可利用文章的这一特点，在解题时注意选项中出现的与正文意思相同、相近或相反的词。
（2）词汇同现法
词汇同现是指属于同一词汇范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章中同时出现，达到语意衔接的目的。一般来说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。
（3）代词线索法
英语文章中代词出现的频率极高，代词一般用来指代前面提及的名词，考生如果能巧妙地利用这样的指代关系或根据代词的单复数就可以准确而快速地解题。
（4）逻辑关系线索法
一篇文章往往是一个有机的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的联系。从逻辑意义上来看，句子与句子之间常常有并列、顺承、递进、转折、总分、解释、因果、过渡、例证等关系，有时甚至包含不止一种这样的关系。因此，理解阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，考生就可以利用其来进行推理判断；如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词，这就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，作出正确的判断。
新课标解读：
2024年高考英语命题仍然依据高考评价体系“一核四层四翼”的总体要求，题材广泛、体裁多样，内容贴近生活，反映时代精神，围绕普通高中新课程标准中“人与自然”、“人与社会”、“人与自我”三大主题，以落实立德树人的教育根本任务为目标，对以核心素养为中心的中学英语课堂教学发挥了重要的“反拨”作用。本文选取2023年新高考Ⅰ卷英语试题，结合《普通英语课程标准（2017年版2020年修订）》对其进行分析。
七选五主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。语篇类型以说明文为主，议论文和记叙文为辅。词数一般为280-300词左右。题材贴近学生生活，主要考查学生的文意重建和逻辑思维能力。
新《课标》把英语思维品质列入学科核心素养，英语教学中把培养思维能力作为重要的教学目标。逻辑思维是指运用语言符号形成的概念来进行判断、推理，以解决问题的思维过程。在七选五解题过程中正体现了逻辑思维的培养。
“思维认知能力”主要包括:形象思维能力、抽象思维能力、归纳概括能力、演绎推理能力、批判性思维能力、辩证思维能力等。
主题语境分析：
2015-2018年： 在这四年的高考中，“七选五”题型所选语篇的主题语境包括了“人与自我”，并且这一主题在说明文中尤为常见，占据了相当比例。
2019-2020年：“人与自我”作为高考英语阅读理解的一个重要主题语境，继续得到体现。这两年的试题中，该主题可能涉及到个人成长、心理健康、自我认知等方面的内容。
2021年： 这一年的高考英语七选五题型依然保持了对“人与自我”主题的关注，题目旨在考查学生对于个人情感、自我探索等议题的理解能力。
2022年： “人与自我”主题在这一年的题目中依然占有一席之地，可能在题目中探讨自我价值的实现、个人目标的设定与追求等话题。
2023年： 根据最新趋势，高考英语试卷继续围绕“人与自我”等三大主题选材，这表明对考生在自我认知和自我表达方面的能力给予了高度重视。
综上所述，近几年高考英语阅读理解七选五题型中的“人与自我”主题不仅广泛分布，而且随着时间的推移，其考查的形式和内容也在不断发展和深化。
（2024·云南·二模）Flash fiction is a name for short stories that are kept within a specific word or character limit, usually up to 1,500 words. 1 . It’s about finding clever ways to keep as much detail as possible about the plot, characters and setting but in the fewest words possible. Use these four top tips to help you write your own fascinating flash fiction.
● 2
When planning a flash fiction story you first need to decide what are the important parts of the story that the reader just cannot miss. This might be a few moments from the beginning, middle and end. Once you have these, then any extra detail can either be cutaway or added in—if it makes the story better and the word limit allows.
●Develop characters using adverbs
Good flash fiction has well-developed characters who have personalities and faults. You can takeout long descriptions of your characters and replace them with the occasional adverb to help the reader understand the characters’ movements and behaviour. Adverbs are words that describe verbs. 3 .Examples of adverbs include, “The prince stared angrily and marched awkwardly back to his horse.”
●Use clauses to add colour and detail
Clauses add detail to sentences without adding too many words. 4 .This is a section of a sentence starting with which, who, when, where, etc. For example, “The air, which smelt of oranges...” Be careful not to make sentences too long, though, and takeout any clauses that don’t add anything to the story.
●Combine your sentences
5 .For example: Mary was upset she had school and took her shoes off. She slumped on the sofa and flicked on the TV. It was going to be a long day and she was nervous about meeting the new head teacher. This becomes; Mary slumped in front of the TV, took off her shoes and decided she was too nervous for school.
A．Practice to make it perfect
B．Plan carefully before writing
C．Writing flash fiction takes skill
D．You could use a relative clause
E．Verbs are words that describe physical or mental actions and states of being
F．Try doing this by picking a few things and putting them into a shorter sentence
G．They have different functions from other words used in flash fiction in English
（2024·云南昆明·模拟预测）Going on vacation every week might sound like the very unattainable dream. 6 . All you need to do is get in the habit of treating your weekend like a vacation, suggests Cassie Mogilner Holmes, a professor at UCLA’s Anderson School of Management. We asked experts to share their favorite tips for adopting a vacation mindset at home.Get creative about making time
7 . Some people have to bear weekend schedules packed with work. You could still make the best of a Thursday evening, Holmes suggests. Or, spare an hour on Sunday morning for chores, but protect the rest of the weekend as your vacation time.
8
Decision scientist Nika Kabiri recommends doing something totally new so you can disconnect from the same old routines governing your life. Among her favorite ideas: Drive to a part of town you’ve never been to before, go for a city walk, and grab lunch at the first cute café you see. Or take a bike or boat tour of your city. 9 Don't put extra pressure on yourself
Treating your weekend like a vacation doesn’t mean it needs to be a delicate affair. If your “vacation” encounters a few unexpected affairs or lasts for only a few hours, don’t be annoyed. 10 .Don’t put pressure on yourself to have this “perfect vacation”. It’s meant to be fun. Plus, there’s always another one just a few days away.
A．Act like a tourist.
B．Go for a city walk.
C．It doesn’t have to be all or nothing.
D．Just ignore the work and continue to have fun.
E．All the experiences make you feel the weekend vacation-like.
F．But a simple mindset shift can make it happen with no travel involved.
G．Not everyone has Saturday and Sunday or any two continuous days off work.
（2024·河南新乡·二模）We watch our salt and fat intake to protect our hearts. We exercise and take calcium to protect our bones. We use sunscreen to protect our skin. 11 A lot. We asked experts what lifestyle steps people should be taking to protect their vision and eye health.
Invest in quality sunglasses. Protecting the eyes from ultraviolet rays (紫外线) is very important. 12 To shield your eyes, wear sunglasses certified to block out 99 to 100 per cent of UVA and UVB rays.
13 You don’t have to be doing construction work or factory work to need protective eyewear. Gardening, yardwork, home repairs and sports all pose the risk of trauma (损伤) to the eyes. It’s estimated that up to 90 per cent of sports-related eye injuries are actually preventable with proper eye protection. Experts recommend wearing sports or safety glasses with poly-carbonate lenses, which are a type of plastic that will not easily shatter or break.
Take a break from screens. 14 But staring at a screen can leave eyes fatigued (疲惫的) and may blur vision. Experts suggest following the 20-20-20 rule: Every 20 minutes, take a break and look at something about 20 feet away for 20 seconds.
Get your eyes checked regularly. That means having your eyes tested by an optometrist or health care provider every one to two years. Don’t forget to see an eye specialist for a checkup regularly, if possible. 15
A．Stay away from dangerous work.
B．Wear safety glasses when needed.
C．But how can we protect our eyes from screen
D．But what can we do to protect our eyes all year round
E．Not all eye problems are noticeable, and all are best treated when found early.
F．It’s one of the biggest things in our environment to have an impact on the eyes.
G．There’s no scientific evidence that the light from electronic screens damages eyes.
（2024·安徽安庆·二模）How to Make Your Clothes Last Longer
We have to throw out some clothes that we love just because we’ve not taken good care of them. Four top tips can help you make your clothes last longer. 16
●Reduce the times you wash your clothes. Washing your clothes less doesn’t mean wearing the same T-shirt tor a week. You can wear clothes like jeans and jumpers at least three times before washing. The exception, of course, is clothes worn for the gym. Besides, if you don’t wear clothes next to your skin, air them after wearing. 17 If they seem fine, you can wear them another day.
●Wash, our clothes inside out. 18 As the machine spins (旋转) the clothes around, they must each other. Turning your clothes inside out reduces wear on the outside surface of your clothes: This can help keep them from damage.
●Air your clothes dry if possible. Drying your clothes on a line is good for both your clothes and he environment. 19 When possible, just use the dryer at a low temperature.
● 20 Rather than throw something out because of a small hole or tear. Knowing how to use a needle and thread (线) and a few basic repairing techniques can be friendly to your clothes and your pocket. If the work is beyond your skills, you can find repair places nearby your houses.
A．Hang your jumpers on the clothes line.
B．Fixing your clothes is a wise alternative.
C．Use an app to find places for clothes repair.
D．Simply check your clothes for any spots or marks.
E．Your clothes are usually beaten hard during the wash.
F．In the meantime, it can also reduce the expense of the electricity.
G．They can also help save both your money and our environment definitely.
（2024·陕西榆林·二模）How to Be Funny
Humor can help you connect with other people and make unpleasant situations a little more bearable. 21 But it’s not that hard once you tap into your inner sense of humor. Even if you don’t think you’re naturally funny, there are things you can do to make yourself and other people laugh.
Learn from funny people. You can expand your reach a good deal by listening to other funny people. Whether they’re professional comedians, your parents, your kids, or your boss, learning from the funny people in your life is a key step towards being a funny person. 22 Look for what you admire most in these people.
Broaden your factual knowledge for joke material. 23 They may be your amazing knowledge of 17th-century poetry, your familiarity with fishing trips that went wrong, etc. Whatever the material is, it needs to resonate(引起共鸣)with your audience.
24 Being funny doesn’t come in a one-size-fits-all package. What makes you funny is unique to you and the way you observe the world. Trust that you do have a funny bone; as babies, we laugh from four months of age, and all children express humor naturally from the kindergarten age, using humor to entertain themselves and others. It’s already in you. You just need to bring it out!
Read, read, read. Get your hands on everything that is funny, and consume it like your mom told you not to. Chemists become chemists by reading and practicing chemistry. Sports writers become sports writers by reading and writing about sports. 25
A．Strike while the iron is hot.
B．Trust in your inner sense of humor.
C．Observe the funnier things these people say or do.
D．Being funny might seem to take a great deal of work.
E．It’s much easier to find funny moments in familiar material.
F．You’ll become a humorous person by reading and practicing jokes.
G．The better you know someone, the easier it will be to make them laugh.
（2024·湖北·二模）Autonomy-supportive parenting is an approach that focuses on building a child’s sense of agency in the world as well as a strong sense of self. 26 We should recognize that children have a different perspective or experience than adults. Therefore, instead of pushing adults’ way of thinking on children, adults should let kids do their own critical thinking and solve problems themselves, which will help them trust their abilities.
Guide kids to find their own solution
As any parent with more than one child can tell you, kids develop differently. 27 While one child may find it easy to start their homework independently, the other might not be a self-starter. So we push our kids to the next level by knowing their skill level and meeting them there.
Let kids find their own fun
28 It really is harm to them. It also sets us up to be their cruise (航行) directors at all times. That’s a huge burden on us! Letting children find their own thing to do when boredom strikes allows them to become self-sufficient and use their imagination to find fun on their own.
Being sympathetic doesn’t mean giving in
Another characteristic of autonomy-supportive parenting is being open, curious, and flexible. Trusting children to be accountable to themselves (or acting like it) is the only way you will know if your child will be a responsible, independent adult. For example, if you ask your child when they think is the best time to do their homework, and they tell you it’s in the morning before school begins, support them and let them try it, no matter how strange it sounds. 29
Don’t forget to support yourself
Once you grasp autonomy-supportive parenting, you’ll see opportunities to put it into practice. No matter how old your kid is, adopting this style will not be easy. 30 If you get hard on yourself because you’re not measuring up, you’re more likely to return to the controlling practices.
A．It may work.
B．Our kids don’t know how to manage boredom.
C．That can mean we have to support them in different ways.
D．So forgive yourself if things don’t go right on a particular day.
E．And they may not know yet, but it’s good for them to think about it.
F．Some days are just going to be more autonomy-supportive than others.
G．It’s trying to understand children’s experience of what’s going on right now.
（2024·湖南长沙·二模）Is going alone in an unknown area the right way to go, or do you want a tour guide to show you the highlights I think that you can combine the two ways in one trip and have the best of both worlds. 31 The best purchase we made was for a bus tour that would take us around the capital and point out all the main sites. That allowed us the next day to travel on foot to the ones we especially wanted to see.
Let’s look at the San Francisco Bay Area which is another one of my favorite vacation spots. Some areas are so familiar to tourists that it’s possible to view the attractions on your own. 32 Fisherman’s Wharf and Pier 39 are good examples. Just by walking a few blocks, you can tour Aquarium of the Bay and the Riptide Arcade on Pier 39.
33 If you go to Alcatraz Island, you have a choice of going alone, having a live tour guide or being guided by earphones. I would recommend the live tour guides. I went all three ways, and I received more enjoyment by someone telling me items interest I know I had missed on previous tours. 34 It gives you a behind-the-scenes look of colorful Chinatown. The tour covers history, traditions of the local people and culture that you probably wouldn’t know or see by travelling alone.
You can go alone to attractions or take a guided tour. It’s your choice and you can choose whichever would give you the most memorable experience. 35
A．I recommend both.
B．It’s possible to drive to the area and go alone.
C．One trip we recently took was to Washington DC．
D．Some attractions are worth having a tour guide for.
E．Chinatown Walking Tours are a tour-guided must-see.
F．That allows you to take your time and go at your own pace.
G．The tour guides know what we have never found out on our own.
（2024·湖南常德·一模）One thing that’s never in short supply at the beginning of each new year 36 But many of us fail to stick with our New Year’s resolutions months (or even weeks) after making them. It turns out there are commonly avoided mistakes. That explains why some people always seem to reach their goals while others keep falling short.
37 If you fail to pick the right habit, you aren’t likely to accomplish the corresponding goal. Say you want to lose some weight this year, forming a habit of running 30 minutes a day may not help you do that if you don’t also form habits related to the foods you eat, because diet affects weight more than exercise. 38 Failure to establish habits that support your goals may cause your resolutions to flop before you begin.
Another common mistake people make when setting goals is becoming overly concerned about the amount of time it will take to form a new habit. There’s no one right answer when it comes to how long new habits should take to form. 39 Some people simply adopt new habits faster than other people and that complex habits usually take longer to form. Consider how easy it is to brush your teeth at night compared to reading a full chapter of a book each day.
So the yearly ritual of resolution setting doesn’t have to be an annual disappointment. Sometimes, the difference between success and failure is simply choosing the right habits and the process you use to go about achieving it. Most importantly, remember to be kind and flexible with yourself and to celebrate any and all progress along the way. 40
A．Good intentions.
B．Congratulations and best wishes.
C．In other words, you must also readjust your diet.
D．It’s essential to choose a habit you think enjoyable.
E．A common error many people make is not choosing right habits.
F．It depends on what habit you’re trying to develop and who you are.
G．It’s not just the end goal that matters—it’s the journey along the way.
（2024·全国·二模）The Powerful Guide to Finding Your Passion
Following your passion can be a tough thing. But figuring out what that passion is can be even more difficult. Here are some tips to find your passion.
41 Unless you’re just starting out in life, you have some skills or talent, showing some kind of aptitude. Give this some thought. Think back, as far as you can, to jobs, projects or hobbies. This could be your passion. Or you may have several things. Start a list of potential candidates.
42 It may be something at work-a little part of your job that gets you excited. It could be something you do outside of work-a hobby, a side job, something you do as a volunteer or a parent or a spouse or a friend. It could be something you haven’t done in a while. Add any answers to your list.
Think about what you have secretly dreamed of. 43 But some fear, some self-doubt, has held you back, has led you to dismiss this idea. Maybe there are several. Add them to the list—no matter how unrealistic.
Learn, ask, take notes. OK, you have a list. 44 This is your first candidate. Now read up on it, talk to people who’ve been successful in the field. Make a list of notes of things you need to learn, need to improve on, skills you want to master and people to talk to.
Experiment and try. Here’s where the learning really takes place. If you haven’t been already, start to do the thing you’ve chosen. Pay attention to how you feel doing it-is it something you look forward to, that gets you excited, that you love to share 45
A．Find what excites you.
B．Confirm what you are good at.
C．Predict what’s the worst that can happen.
D．Pick one thing from the list that excites you most.
E．If all the answers are “yes”, you’ve found where your passion is.
F．You need to do something, get good at it, be passionate about it.
G．You might have some ridiculous dream job you’ve always wanted to do.
（2024·全国·二模）How to Protect Against Undue Influence Online
The potential for undue influence has become increasingly significant in this era of digital interconnectivity. Undue influence can affect our perceptions and influence our decisions. It may even end anger our autonomy (自主) and mental health. 46
Understand what undue influence is
The first step to protecting yourself is understanding what undue influence is. Undue influence refers to a situation in which an individual or group employs unreasonable control over another person’s behavior information, thoughts, and emotions. 47 Disinformation campaigns, persuasive advertising, and even content designed to cause fear, uncertainty, or dependency may often appear online.
Develop media literacy skills
In an age of fake news, it is crucial to develop media literacy skills. 48 Become a consumer who can tell the quality of information, identify the source, check for credibility, and look for your unconscious assumptions and preferences.
49
Delete as much data as you can about yourself. Be mindful of what information you share online, and always ensure that your online activities are secured through reliable sources. Review all policies on platforms, especially “free” ones. If you aren’t paying, then you are the product, as in many cases, they are selling your data.
By including these steps into your digital life, you can protect yourself from undue influence in the online world, ensuring that you can think and act independently, free from ill control.
50 It is your mind. Only you should control it!
A．Prioritize privacy
B．Be mindful of free ones
C．It’s vital to have a health y Internet and real-life balance.
D．In the digital world, undue influence can take many forms.
E．Everyone deserves the right to live free from undue influence.
F．They involve analyzing, evaluating, and creating media in various forms.
G．Here are some essential strategies for you to protect yourself online from undue influence.
（2024·河南·一模）Your alarm goes off on January 1. You force yourself out of bed and drag your feet toward the bathroom, where you glimpse a pale-faced stranger in the mirror. 51 . After a moment, however, you think, “Wait, it’s okay because today is New Year’s Day; there’s time to get back in shape!”
For many people, the start of a new year signals the end of a period of overindulgence (放纵) in diet. 52 . They often revolve around turning oneself into a fit and healthy human being. However, the fact is that approximately 80% of them are abandoned before February. How does that happen 53 . While we may have good intentions when making resolutions, we are not actually making enough determination to live in a more controlled way. Change involves a degree of stress, and someone not mentally equipped to handle that stress will struggle to change.
So, what can you do to achieve your healthy goals in the new year One idea is to think small rather than the opposite. 54 . But in reality change is likely easier in smaller steps, which allows for greater success. Another helpful strategy is to design a personal reward system. Finally, set concrete goals. Instead of making a vague resolution like “I’m going to get in better shape this year”, make a specific one. For example, “I’m going to run for 30 minutes every day” would be far more powerful. Most importantly, remember that despite their name, New Year’s resolutions should be for life. 55 , but with suitable strategies, there is no reason why you cannot stick to your resolutions permanently or at least until March.
A．Change takes time and effort
B．Instinctively, you step back in horror
C．It’s probably related to self-discipline
D．Many people’s plans involve grand measures
E．The answer is likely that we should be confident
F．New Year is a great time to be with family and friends
G．In December it’s often justified by planning New Year’s resolutions
（2024·河南南阳·一模）Entering competitions can be fun, and it’s a good way to hone（磨炼）your skills. While you can’t expect to win every time, you can increase your chances of winning with the right strategy and preparation. These are general tips that can be applied to your competition of choice.
Research and choose the right competition. 56 Choose a competition at which you’ll excel, and make sure it’s far enough in the future that you have plenty of time to train effectively. Do some research into the judges and organizers as well to see what they look for in a winning competitor.
Don’t psych yourself out. Plenty of people get scared off by a competition’s requirements and don’t enter in the first place. 57 Since you’ve done your research, you can be confident in your choice to compete and your potential to win. So, stand strong even when you have your doubts and when others may be dropping out.
Learn your competition. Remember that you’re not competing with everyone in the competition. There may be many applicants and candidates, but there will only be a few contenders（竞争者）and finalists. 58
Make a checklist. Everyone has different productivity styles. If it helps, consider making a training checklist. 59 A checklist is what weightlifters do, for example, to keep track of the exercises they’ve done, the number of reps, and the weight. With a written checklist, you also have one less thing to think and worry about.
60 Leave sticky notes on your mirror or car steering wheel. Write down anything motivational to keep you inspired. It doesn’t have to be specific. It can simply be, “You OWN the track today!” or “35.5 IS my time!”
A．Stick to your training.
B．Others drop out along the way.
C．Give yourself encouraging reminders.
D．Focus on understanding and beating them.
E．This is the time to set reasonable and achievable goals.
F．It provides you a sense of accomplishment along the way.
G．It might be important if you don’t have a coach to guide you.
（2024·湖北·二模）Get Better at Saying No
When rejecting a request, “no” is a short, simple word that can cause anxiety for the person trying to say it. The following strategies can help you get better at saying no. Be intentional about what you communicate.
61 Sure, but as psychologist Vanessa Bohns points out, only saying a “no” is often pretty uncomfortable for the asker. Instead, she advises communicating three things: “It’s not because of me, it’s not because of you, and it’s not because of us.” One way to do that is by thanking people for thinking of you. 62 Then, follow up with a short explanation: “I wish I could, but I just don’t have the time right now.” That helps make it clear that your “no” isn’t a poor reflection of your own character; it’s not the other person; and it’s not a disapproval of the relationship, Bohns says. Have a planned phrase for more informal encounters.
Not every situation, of course, calls for such a thoughtful approach. Think through times when you’ve gotten stressed over delivering a quick “no”, and then brainstorm phrases you could use in the future. Bohns, for example, is often asked to donate to some cause or another as she checks out at the grocery store. 63 “It’s true, and it’s a way of saying, essentially, that I’m still a good person,” she says. 64
There’s always that one guy who won’t take “no” for an answer. If someone is applying too much pressure, adopt what psychologist Ellen Hendriksen describes as the broken-record technique. 65 Occasionally, the asker will get annoyed, but usually after repeating yourself two or three times, even the most persistent (执着的) people will get the message.
A．She says no directly.
B．That is, stick to your answer.
C．Adopt the broken-record technique.
D．It’s not worth repeating your request again and again.
E．She now has a go-to response: “I already donated this year.”
F．You might hear that “no” is a convenient word for declining requests.
G．This makes them relieved that they didn’t do anything wrong by asking.
（2024·山西太原·一模）Do you ever feel like you’re not good enough, even though you’ve done some cool stuff This feeling can contribute to increased anxiety, depression and a cycle of overworking to prove yourself. 66 Actually, lots of people, up to 82%, have these kinds of discouraging feelings. Here’s how you can deal with them.
● 67 . One way to fight self-doubt is to keep track of all the cool things you’ve done. Start a journal where you write down projects you’ve finished, goals you’ve reached, and nice things people have said about you. Work out a practical schedule to look back at this list.
● Figure out what’s good enough. Success can mean different things in different situations for different persons, so it’s okay not to be the best at everything all the time. Just think about how good is good enough. 68 and then it can save your energy for other important things, like spending time with your family and friends.
●Get help from someone you look up to. Working with a seasoned life coach who has done well and has qualities you admire can be a big help. They can assist you by sharing their own struggles with self-doubt and this exchange equips you with good strategies in your own pursuit of success. 69
Just remember, it’s normal to be fooled by negative feelings sometimes, but you can’t be tricked by them all the time. 70 . By using these strategies, you can start a transformative path towards personal growth.
A．But you are not alone
B．Plan a personal-growth schedule
C．Collect proof of your accomplishment
D．So you’d better try to get the best of most tasks
E．This way, you may know when to stop properly
F．You can benefit a lot from the practical guidance
G．You are sure to break free from the cycle of self-doubt
（2024·湖南岳阳·二模）Anger is the most destructive emotion. When in a temper, you make hasty ill-considered decisions that you will probably regret. You will also regret language spoken without thought. How to stop being angry 71
Change your attitude to the way the world works. You have to accept that sometimes things do go wrong and that people are not always lovely. 72 Also, you need to accept that not everyone has the same standards as you, nor will they behave in the same way that you would in a given situation. The answer is to be a bit more flexible and loosen your hold on life.
Don’t dismiss anger as a bad emotion. There are occasions when anger can be directed in such a way as to achieve great things. Martin Luther King was angry about the lack of civil rights in the USA．Gandhi was angry about British domination in India. 73 Use anger to help you not prevent you.
74 Anger management used to be promoted as a way of dealing with anger, but all that happens is that the anger is held back. A much better way of facing up to anger is to identify the root cause. When trying to get to the root cause, be prepared to be honest with yourself. Once you know why you get mad, it is possible to deal with the cause. Take positive steps to help you overcome feelings of anger.
75 Make changes to your lifestyle and attitudes, and you will stop being angry.
A．Stop trying to manage your anger.
B．Try to control it when you get angry.
C．Here are ways that you can counter the causes of anger.
D．In conclusion, you must recognize that anger is something you can control.
E．Realizing that no one is perfect is a good start to avoiding getting angry.
F．Try to accept that other people do behave in ways that will make you frustrated and angry.
G．They both used anger to motivate themselves to fight against what they saw as injustice.
（2024·河南南阳·一模）We know that keeping an organized space is a key factor in overall mental well-being. So, how to tackle a big decluttering project
76
Much like closing down a restaurant or retail store for the night, have a routine for the end of your day that involves some easy, satisfying tasks. Maybe it’s having the coffee pot clean and ready to help you wake up in the morning.
Notice your “problem” spots
Pay attention to areas in your home that constantly demand attention, like the bathroom shelf that always overflows with products. 77 . Notice what is taking up most of your attention, and then brainstorm easy solutions that can catch the issue before it gets too big.
Set a timer
Five, eight, ten, or twenty minutes are all acceptable amounts of time to spend chipping away at an untidy area in your home. Progress is progress, whether it’s regular or one-and-done. 78 . A decluttering project does not have to be finished in a day!
Get help
79 . Define a specific job to take on, like clearing out a closet or dresser drawer, and bring in someone who will support you emotionally and even make it fun time together.
Embrace the physical activity
Maybe you are struggling to fit a regular workout into your routine. Lean into the physical aspect of clutter-clearing to feel like you’re meeting two goals at once by relocating books or bringing clothes to the donation bin. 80 — celebrate yourself for getting moving while you clean up.
A．Make cleaning an easy habit
B．Hire a home organizing professional
C．Even washing the dishes is a physical activity
D．Be patient with the big picture of your clutter-clearing needs
E．Don’t ignore the snack packages that never make it to the trash can
F．You do not have to be alone in your journey toward a clean home
G．You’ll feel fulfilled when you have a completely clutter-free existence
（2024·河南濮阳·一模）No matter how friendly your tone is or how honey-sweet you are in a conversation, when you start your sentences with one of these words (or both), the message to your recipient is “You are wrong.” 81 They are “No” and “But”.
These words don’t say, “Let’s discuss this” or “I’d love to hear what you think about this” to people. They say. “You are wrong and I am right.” If your conversation companion is also eager to win at any cost, you will have a potential battle on your hands. The result 82
Are you interested in a little test to see how competitive your co-workers are Try this. For one week, keep a scorecard of how many times each person uses “No” or “But” to start a sentence. 83 And, if you drill a little deeper, you’ll see patterns emerge. For instance, some people use these words to gain power. You’ll see how much people dislike it, consciously or not, and how it kills rather than opens up discussions.
84 Practically without even thinking, I keep count of their use of these two little words. It’s such an important indicator! If the numbers pile up in an initial meeting with a client. I’ll interrupt him or her and say. “We’ve been talking for almost an hour now, and do you realize that you have responded 17 times with either ‘No’ or ‘But’ ”
Stop trying to defend your position and start monitoring how many times you begin remarks with “No” or “But”. 85 For example, “That’s true, but…” (Meaning: You don’t really think it’s true at all.) Another expression is “Yes, but...” (Meaning: Prepare to be contradicted.)
A．Why do people like saying this
B．I use this technique with my clients.
C．What are these conversation stopping words
D．Nothing more can happen that will be productive.
E．It’s human nature to like being accepted and recognized.
F．You will be shocked at how frequently these words are used.
G．Pay close attention to when you use these words in sentences.
（2024·北京·一模）More than a quarter have to enlarge the font size on their mobile phone so they can read it clearly. 86 Meanwhile, 28% regularly squint (眯眼看) at the screen. And all of them are signs of eye disorder.
“The research has shown our eyes are not designed to be fixed on a single object for a long time, especially smaller laptops or smart devices. 87 Even worse, staring at the screen constantly can lead to dry eye syndrome,” says Giles Edmonds, a clinical service director.
Dry eye syndrome is a condition where the eyes do not make enough tears, or the tears evaporate too quickly. Here are some simple solutions to prevent eye strain and irritation, and preserve your eye health overall.
Rest your eyes.
Follow the 20:20:20 rule, looking up from your screen every 20 minutes and look at something 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds. 88 It in turn reduces eye tiredness.
Adjust your workstation.
Change your screen settings to ensure that the brightness and contrast are balanced correctly, as well as making fonts larger. Also, be mindful of how your workstation is positioned. Adjust your screen ensuring it is 15—20 degrees below eye level and around 50—70 cm away from the eyes. 89
Reduce glare (眩光).
90 . Try reducing this by attaching an anti-glare screen to your monitor or laptop to avoid external light shining onto the screen. Glasses wearers can also have lenses treated with an anti-glare coating.
A．People should try to reduce the time spent on the screen.
B．One can read his favorite paper books instead of e-books.
C．Half confess they’re forced to enlarge images to see them clearly.
D．Another thing to focus on is to make sure your room is properly lit.
E．Looking into the distance helps relax the focusing muscles of your eyes.
F．Reflections on your computer screen can cause glare and lead to eye fatigue.
G．They may feel uncomfortable, painful, tired and even start to itch (发痒) or burn.
（2024·河北·一模）The philosophy of minimalism advocates living with less. 91 . Whereas, living a minimalist (简约主义者) lifestyle helps reduce your attachment to physical things, improve your mental health and your satisfaction with what you do have. You can embrace such a lifestyle in the following aspects.Physical space
At the heart of minimalist living lies the practice of clearing away clutter (杂乱) in your physical space. This includes a transformative process not only tidying but also developing a mindful relationship with possessions. You may start with the most frequently used spaces in your home. 92 . Keep those that carry some meaning, and get rid of those that don’t.
93 .
This involves a shift from impulsive (容易冲动的) buying to intentional acquisition. Before making a purchase, clothing for example, reflect on whether the item agrees with your usual style and serves a genuine need. Consideration should be given to the longevity and quality of the item, promoting a mindset that prioritizes quality over quantity.Time minimalism
94 . Assess your commitments, identifying those that contribute positively to personal growth, fulfilment and well-being. This intentional approach to time promotes a sense of empowerment, allowing you to focus on what truly matters while letting go of non-essential engagements.Mindful eating
Mindful eating begins with paying attention to hunger and satiety (饱足), allowing us to respond to our body’s needs rather than external stimuli like flavors and textures (口感) of each meal. Besides, mindful eating encourages us to enjoy each bite and appreciate the sensory experience of eating. 95 .
A．Minimalist clothing
B．Mindful consumption
C．It is about consciously investing your time
D．The result is a living space reflecting your personality
E．In a world that often celebrates abundance, it stands as a contrast
F．This matters especially in a culture often characterized by rushed meals
G．When doing it, you will find yourself questioning the necessity of each item
（2024·安徽·一模）With everything going on in the world, it’s no wonder so many of us are struggling to sleep. 96 And it’s hard to fall back asleep again. However, simple steps before bed can help.
Test your pillow. If you bought your pillow in 2022, it’s already old. The National Sleep Foundation suggests replacing your pillow every one to two years. 97 “When your brain is sending pain signals, it can’t send sleep signals,” says Dr Michael J Breus, a clinical psychologist and sleep specialist.
Get an hour of sunlight each day. Morning sunlight is important for good sleep. “It stops producing melatonin in your brain, which, helps relieve the sleepy morning feeling,” Breus says. It also sets a mental time r to produce melatonin, the so-called sleep hormone, that evening. Aim for 15 to 30 minutes of direct light first and two 15-minute outdoor breaks during the day. 98
Skip salty snacks before bed. In a Japanese study, researchers followed 321 patients with high-salt diets and sleep issues for 12 weeks. 99 And those who consumed more salt woke up more often to go to the bathroom.
100 If you need to air complaints to your family, don’t wait until night. Tough discussions are less likely to disturb your sound sleep if you initiate them earlier. Arguments can activate your sympathetic nervous system, which disturbs sleep. Some research even suggests that going to bed angry may make you bad-tempered the next morning.
A．Avoid arguments with your family.
B．Handle your troubles before dinner.
C．It signals your brain that it is time to be awake.
D．It contributes to good health when exposed to light.
E．It’s normal to wake up at night, especially as you age.
F．A used one in the past can cause neck pain and restless sleep.
G．When people cut them down, their average toilet trips decreased.
（2024·陕西西安·二模）In a popular TikTok video, Emily McDonald, a neuroscience consultant, discusses three things she does each day to protect her brain staying off her phone in the morning, thinking positively, and avoiding junk food. 101 . But there’s more to the health of the brain and the science behind it.
Catch some z’s.
Practicing good sleep hygiene (卫生), as well as getting six to eight hours of sleep each night, is one of the best things you can do for your brain health. Sleep helps the brain form memories, reinforce new concepts and ideas, and remove the buildup of bad proteins in the brain. 102 . With enough sleep, you can preserve your brain’s functionality even when you get older.
Get your heart pumping.
103 . And a strong heart helps pump enough blood to the brain to maintain its performance. The official recommendation is to have 150 minutes’ moderate exercise a week which is not limited to certain types of physical activities. Walking your dog a couple miles a day counts as well. Remember that anything is better than nothing.
104 .
Exposing yourself to new people, places, and challenges can keep your mind sharp, and improve brain plasticity. But trying new things doesn’t necessarily mean you need to spend money traveling or take up a new hobby. It can be as simple as trying a crossword you haven’t done before. If you can keep using your brain in new ways, you’ll have better mental outcomes as you age.
Stick to a healthy, well-rounded diet.
Many studies have shown highly processed foods, like packaged goods, can increase the risk of health problems, like diabetes and high blood pressure. 105 , including your brain. To keep your brain healthy, limit processed foods and get sufficient nutrition from a wide variety of plants and animals.
A．These diseases can generally harm the entire body
B．Remain socially involved
C．Regular exercise makes for powerful heart muscles
D．It also boosts the brain’s ability to adapt to new situations
E．Try new things
F．The advice McDonald gives in her video isn’t bad
G．Besides, this doesn’t mean getting into routines is necessarily harmful
（2024·湖南·一模）If you have ever looked closely at the tires on your car, you have probably seen little hairs sticking out of the black rubber. 106 Are they there for any safety reasons Those little bits are one of the strange car features some people may stop to think about.
Located on the vertical part of the tire, these curious little rubber hairs are known as “vent spews (轮胎毛刺)”. They are crucial in the tire-making process. As the tread pattern mold (胎面花纹模具) is pressed into the tire’s rubber, the extra rubber requires a way to escape the mold. 107
Curiously, there’s no set number of hairs each tire will have. 108 But the presence of tire hairs is universal. They are nothing more than remnants (残余部分) of the complex process that makes strong and durable tires.
109 Because they are found on the part of the tire rubber that doesn’t hit the road, and they have no impact on how well your tire grips (抓牢) the pavement in rainy weather. These rubber hairs also don’t have any impact on road noise or why your tires squeak when you’re driving. They are merely evidence of the new tire’s arrival in the world.
Tire hairs are naturally worn away during normal driving, and the presence or absence of these hairs doesn’t determine if a tire is safe. There is one instance, however, where the lack of tire hairs can matter. 110 As a responsible car owner, you should monitor the health of your tires regularly.
A．Why do tires have hairs
B．Tire hairs don’t have any effect on safe driving.
C．Are there any other interesting facts about cars
D．They look funny, yet every new car tire has them.
E．It could be a sign that tires are worn, old and need to be replaced.
F．The exact number varies based on the design and size of the tires.
G．Because tiny-size escape vents are created throughout each mold, little tire hairs are born.
（2024·安徽淮北·一模）Down comforters (羽绒被) are frightening pieces to wash. They’re huge, expensive and filled with delicate material. 111 .
Start with a spot treatment. If you’re washing your comforter because it’s dirty, spot-treat it first. Most food and dirt spots should respond to regular washing agent. But for old or tough spots, soak the area and leave it overnight. Whichever remover (去污剂) you choose, please remember: “ 112 ”. Usually, this will involve spraying them, twisting and rubbing to push the spot treatment into the fabric.
Wash it at least twice. 113 . Then load your comforter into the washing machine, and run it through a delicate cycle with cold or warm water. Wash it a second time on a quick cycle to clean from the down inside. If your comforter seems a little tight in your washing machine, and you’re not positive it had enough room to move around and expose every gap to the second wash cycle, an additional wash could help.
Dry it well. Thoroughly drying your comforter helps ensure the down inside stays fluffy (蓬松的). You don’t want to cook the down with high heat and damage it, though. 114 and remove it from the dryer throughout the cycle (every 20 minutes or so) to redistribute and fluff the down fill.
115 . A good cleaning every few years will help your comforter last a long time, but you’ll still want to refresh a deflated comforter between washes. Use the dryer for about an hour every three to four weeks to kill dust mites and dry out any moisture. Low heat is ideal. To address dust mites, use high heat for 20 minutes and then lower the heat for the rest of the cycle.
A．Run it through the dryer
B．Keep your comforter fresh
C．Follow the directions on the bottle strictly
D．But you can wash your comforter yourself
E．Dry your comforter on low or medium heat
F．Washing it many times may actually help you
G．Confirm your comforter is machine washable first
（2024·江苏·一模）Nowadays, the term “superfood” has become the nutritional buzzword. Simply put, these superfoods are those that provide large amount of nutrients through minimal calories.
The term “superfood” may have taken the modern food scene by storm. 116 Although only popular in recent years, the concept of certain foods with special nutritional qualities has been around for a long time. The nickname “superfood” gained widespread popularity in the early 2000s as health enthusiasts and the food industry sought to identify and market foods with special health benefits. Today, it is a trend in diet.
In an age when we share all kinds of superfoods on social media, ignoring the phenomenon is impossible. 117 It’s easy to understand. These nutritional superheroes offer a perfect combination of substance and style, tailored for the digital generation. Their lively colours, exotic origins and impressive nutrient profiles make them candidates for the next viral food trend.
118 They offer a lifestyle that reflects the global shift towards a more health conscious society. As the world wrestles with an increasing burden of diseases and the fast pace of modern life, people are seeking dietary solutions from superfoods. 119 They are rich in vitamins and minerals that can strengthen your immune system, avoid chronic diseases, and improve your overall well being. Another remarkable benefit is their potential to promote heart health, helping you build a strong heart. Don’t forget their role in skin regeneration. The antioxidants (抗氧化物) can provide a natural glow, reduce skin ageing and fight against skin conditions.
120 Superfoods, while nutritionally dense, should be part of a comprehensive diet rather than the only guarantee of our health.
A．What is driving the trend
B．What are nutritional superheroes
C．They bring appearances to the table as well.
D．Superfoods promise more than just a meal.
E．No single food can cure all diseases.
F．They seem tailor made to deal with these concerns.
G．However, its roots can be traced back to early 20th century nutrition literature.
（2024·四川·模拟预测）How to stay healthy on holiday
Taking time to relax on holiday may be good for our health. 121 . Here’s how to stay healthy when you travel.
Plan before you go
Besides the stress of organizing your break in the first place, there’s the added anxiety of remembering to buy and pack everything you need, as well as getting where you need to go on time. To avoid this, as soon as you’ve booked your holiday, list the travel documents you’ll need. Check you have them and they’re valid (有效的). Then start packing several weeks in advance, giving yourself time to buy some daily necessities. 122 .
123
Try to forget the cares of everyday life. You can achieve this by ensuring you don’t check emails or social media, or feel obligated to use it to record your best holiday moments. Ideally, turn off notices, limit your screen time and try to focus on the present moment. That will enable you to relax and make special memories.
Eat and drink well and mindfully
124 . Take time to really enjoy all the flavors. However, you should be aware that too many alcoholic drinks can cause “holiday heart”, characterized by an irregular rhythm. What’s worse, if you’re holidaying in a hot climate, that can also result in dehydration (脱水).
Get active
Try a new activity. Consider walking and swimming or tennis. 125 . Remember that being active not only helps you stay fit during the holiday, but also makes you feel fitter and more refreshed once you’re back.
A．Ignore all the barriers in life
B．Get rid of the digital addiction
C．But there’s a physical reason for this
D．However, too much relaxation also has opposite effects
E．Part of the fun of going away is experiencing the cuisine of other places
F．On departure day, leave more time than you need to get to an airport or port
G．If you’re somewhere hot, it’s best to work out in the early morning or evening
（2024·河北沧州·一模）Even the most positive people have negative thoughts. It’s part of being human. But when negative thoughts become the norm, it isn’t healthy. Fortunately, there are steps you can take to change your negative thoughts into realistic thinking — seeing yourself, your relationships and world events as they really are.
Monitor your self-talk. We all have an ongoing dialogue running in our head, which affects how we view our life. 126 So, to promote realistic thinking, first you need to find out and listen to that inner voice. Being aware of those inner comments starts to help you take control of them.
127 Not every negative thought is “bad”. For example, “I feel stressed and upset about my job because there are so many new things I am learning, but overtime I’ll learn and it’ll get easier.” has a negative aspect, but it promotes a positive action. Therefore, it’s important to make the distinction between helpful thoughts and negative ones.
Challenge your unhelpful thoughts. 128 Continuing with the work example, do you really hate your job or are you just anxious about the new project that you’ve been assigned
129 Now that you’re clear which thought is not helpful, you can replace it with one that is. Using the example from above, a more positive thought might be, “Once I get started on the new project I’m sure I’ll do fine. It’s just the anticipation that I don’t like.”
Repeat. Realistic thinking doesn’t come easy, especially when you are also working on managing anxiety, depression, and other problems. 130
A．Identify thoughts that aren’t helpful.
B．Plant positive thoughts in your mind.
C．Analyse what self-talk is the most beneficial.
D．But because it’s constantly running, we often forget it’s there.
E．These thoughts can consume your energy or cause physical problems.
F．To be more realistic, you need to question whether your thoughts are factual.
G．You need to continually return to it even when it feels natural to become negative.
（2024·广东广州·一模）Physicist and Nobel Prize winner Richard Feynman developed a clever learning method known as the Feynman Technique. It involves explaining what you're learning to others. By teaching what you’ve learned from memory, you engage in active recall. 131 It also ensures that you understand the topic, because you can only explain an idea if you truly understand it. The technique consists of four repeatable steps.
To begin, choose a concept or topic you wish to fully understand. 132 The more interested you are, the faster you’ll grasp it. Moreover, a personally interesting topic will keep you motivated and engaged.
133 Write notes and explain it in a way that makes sense to a five-year-old. If you’d rather avoid actually teaching someone, you can just teach it to an imaginary audience. But it works much better if you use a real person. They’ll be able to let you know when something isn’t clear.
While teaching you may discover gaps in your understanding. 134 Review your notes, reread books, or seek external help to ensure you have a complete understanding of the context before moving forward.
Now that you fully grasp the concept, test your understanding by trying to teach it to another person. This will help you identify any remaining areas of uncertainty you need to revisit.
The Feynman Technique is a great way for kids and grown-ups to learn. 135 You need to actively think about the problem instead of passively reading or listening to someone else. However, with great efforts in mastering this method, you’ll see your learning results improve quicker than ever before.
A．It is mentally demanding.
B．This helps the information stick in your mind better.
C．Teach it to a five-year-old, who would give you direct feedback.
D．Your curiosity about it will determine the pace of your learning.
E．Once you have chosen a topic, you can teach it to someone else.
F．Active engagement plays a key role in promoting deeper learning.
G．When this happens, refer back to the original material for the missing pieces.
（2024·山东青岛·一模）When you think of your closest friends, who will come to your mind Perhaps your college roommates or the neighbor you played with as a child. Regardless of how you met these people, they most likely have one key thing in common: 136 A 2023 study found that, for those aged 21 to 30, over 80 percent in their social circles, were born within five years of them. Moreover, nearly 63 percent of adults have no close friends 15 years older or younger than them.
Spending our time with such a narrow group of people can fuel age segregation and increase our loneliness. These limitations also keep us from other generations’ mindsets and potentially surprising points of connection. 137 Of course, the ones that are older might offer a brief look into the coming years.
A program that runs schools out of senior centers has said a lot about it. 138 Dawn Carr, a sociology professor, said most older people get much from practical help—with new technology, for instance—their younger friends offered. 139 Having fun with someone decades younger definitely takes off their pressure to “act their age”.
140 Lila, aged 75, was proud that her life experiences prepared her to give advice to her young friend with depression, for which the young was grateful. Also, older friends offer more examples of what growing up can look like. If someone’s parents are the only older people they know well, they might fail to picture other possibilities. A greater pool of older friends can help young people create their own blueprint.
A．You befriend those who live around.
B．They’re all roughly the same age as you.
C．Others might find joy in exposure to new ideas.
D．Brought closer, both see more than one benefit.
E．Younger friends can be a reminder of past selves.
F．Forming these kinds of friendship is particularly hard today.
G．Indeed, intergenerational relationship is never a one-way street.
（2024·福建莆田·二模）Almost everyone has felt something similar: wearing clothes we don’t like causes a general feeling of unease and discontent. This proves the fact that clothes have more than functions of protection or warmth in life. 141 As former fashion editor Caryn Franklin writes, “Fashion offers a dialogue rich with social and political meaning for those who want to unlock the language of clothes.”
142 We like or dislike certain colors because of the attributes or moods we associate with them. Those associations might be cultural. White, for example, is commonly associated with purity and innocence in Western cultures, whereas in China, people associate it with death and mourning. 143
The book The Little Prince offers a fictional example of the latter: The fox will love the sight of wheat, which had been meaningless to him, just because it will remind him of the color of the boy’s hair.
As a result, associations can differ widely from person to person and culture to culture. Others might read into our outfits something different than we intend. 144 But as long as we are not wearing our clothes specifically to communicate certain qualities to others in a specific context (such as professionalism at a job interview), what others think of our clothes should be less important than what we think of them and why we choose to wear them. 145
A．Take colors, for instance.
B．We ought to dress to benefit ourselves, not others.
C．They also communicate something about the wearer.
D．Thus, they will misunderstand our values and identity.
E．Clothes have the psychological power to elevate our sense of self.
F．Or we can form associations based on our personal experience and values.
G．We might also associate certain fabrics with different qualities of character.
（2024·广东韶关·二模）Daily Habits to Help You Get Healthier in 2024
Many of us hope to make changes for the better for the new year, and health goals tend to be at the top of that list. Sometimes New Year’s wishes require some sacrifices. 146 Below are some achievable daily habits that keep your overall health.
Prioritize sleep.
Your body needs time not only to rest and recharge, but also to do important work like learning new things. Experts suggest teenagers should get at least eight hours sleep each day. If this is a challenge for you, turn to your circadian rhythm, which tells you the right time to sleep and wake up. 147 Just go to bed and get up at the same time every day.
Take a break from electronics.
In fact, studies have found that screen addiction has a negative influence on our health. 148 Keeping away from screen can improve your sleep and reduce depression and anxiety. Thus, remember to spare time each day when you’re screen-free.
149
Your healthy habits can also be fun and rewarding. What have you always wanted to do Your answer to that question might point you toward a new hobby to explore in 2024. And getting into it can help you reduce stress and boost mental well-being. Plus, some hobbies can get you moving, boosting your physical and mental health. 150
Ultimately, you can pick one or two healthy daily habits. And I am sure you’ll be moving toward a healthier, happier 2024.
A．Fight against stress.
B．Take on a new hobby.
C．Fortunately, doing the opposite is beneficial.
D．Then how do you use your body clock for better sleep
E．For better sleep, perhaps make that the last thing before bed.
F．However, we don’t have to give up too much to realize them.
G．Maybe playing basketball or doing yoga will be a good choice.
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．E 4．D 5．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了微型小说的四个写作技巧。
1．根据下文“It’s about finding clever ways to keep as much detail as possible about the plot, characters and setting but in the fewest words possible.”（这是关于找到一种巧妙的方法，在尽可能少的文字中保留尽可能多的关于情节、人物和背景的细节。）可知，提到写微型小说的总体技巧是找到一种巧妙的方法。结合选项C项Writing flash fiction takes skill.（写短篇小说需要技巧。）和下文意思紧密连接，从而引出下文，符合语境，故选C项。
2．由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“When planning a flash fiction story you first need to decide what are the important parts of the story t