牛津译林版（2019）必修 第三册Unit1 Nature in the balance Reading 知识点课件(共44张PPT)

(共44张PPT)
Unit 1
Nature in the balance
Welcome to the unit & reading
plant more trees
use less paper
drive less and walk more
use fewer plastic bottles and bags
save water and cut down the use of electricity
don't waste food
don't use one-off things
if possible, don't use air conditioners ...
What can you do to help protect the environment
humans live in harmony with nature
Do you know where it is
The Amazon rainforest:
a natural treasure
Background Information
The Amazon rainforest:
a natural treasure
What could be the genre（体裁） of the article
documentary script (纪录片脚本）
Para. 1: to the Amazon rainforest
Para. 2: information about the rainforest
Para. 3:
Para. 4:
Para. 5:
biodiversity; of the rainforest
biodiversity; chain;
The rainforest’s to the human race;
to the rainforest
Read quickly and complete the main idea of each paragraph.
Skimming:
Introduction
Basic
Plant
levels
Animal
food
value
threats
Fill in the blanks with the figures (part A2).
8
6 million
6,400
40,000
1,300
400
20%
17%
Para. 1 : Introduction
The status of The Amazon rainforset: _____________________________________.
the largest rainforest in the world
Para. 2 : Basic information
The Amazon rainforest lies on____________________________.
It named after ______________________________.
The Amazon rainforest and the Amazon River give the _____________________on the earth.


the South American continent
The Amazon River
richest biodiversity


Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals. This is the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem.
a huge sea of 大量的，许多
We must face a huge sea of troubles and bear them.
我们必须面对大量的困难并忍受它们。
play a significant role in... 在...方面起着重要的作用.
The foods you consume every day play a significant role in your health.
你每天消耗的食物在你的健康方面起着重要的作用。
The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.
cross into 穿过，横穿.
These people came in anticipation of crossing into Mexico.
这些人来到这里，希望能进入墨西哥。
1.认识 times： 时间：时代：倍
两倍：twice
三倍：three times
N倍：N times
结构：
A+be+倍数+the+名词（size/length/width/height）+of+B. A是B 的几倍
The Earth is 49 times the size of the moon.
This lake is three times the depth of that one.
A+be+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B.
This ruler is two times as long as that one.
This book is four times as thick as mine.
Asia is four times as big as Europe.
A+be+(n-1)倍数+比较级+than B. A比B大几倍
This room is twice bigger than that one.
Their school is three times bigger than that one.
小试牛刀：
A 是B的5倍大
A是B的10 倍高
A比B宽7倍
The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length-roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.
1. Prep. + which/whom
The woman____ _______ you spoke is a teacher.
The city_____ _______he lives is far away.
2. be close to （时间/空间)接近, 几乎
Our village is close to the railway station .
我们村挨近火车站。
3. in length 在长度上
to whom
in which
On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found here.
one in ten 十分之一 = one out of ten.
One in ten soldiers on both sides were wounded or killed.
双方十分之一的士兵受伤或死亡。
a system of roots
The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife.
the tops of the
tallest trees
the mass of leaf litter
shorter plants with large leaves
towering ancient hardwoods
Para. 3 : Plants

There are _______ levels of plant species.
5
brazil nut
water lily
Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; these water lilies are big enough to lie down on.
The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.
be adj. / adv. enough to do 足够...去做... .
He is old enough to go to school.
他足够大去上学了。
a variety of 各种各样的.
The school provides students with a variety of facilities.
这个学校给学生提供各种各样的设施。
variety n. 不同种类 [U]变化，多样性 [C] 变种，变体
The forest's different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife.
雨林的不同层次养活的野生动物种类多到难以置信。（Line 15）
various adj.各种各样的
vary vi. 变化；改变；相异
vary in 在…方面不同
vary from…to… 从…到…之间 变化/不等
a variety of 各种各样的
the variety of …的品种
03
【语境应用】翻译句子。
With the development of economy, there are goods in stores,
daily groceries luxury goods (奢侈品), which greatly enrich people’s life. In addition, the goods with the season in and quantity.(Vary)
随着经济的发展，商店里的商品种类繁多，从日常用品到奢侈品不等，大大丰富了人们的生活。此外，货物的种类和数量也随季节而变化。
various
varing from
to
vary
variety
mass n. a large amount of sth. 大量；许多，团；块；堆
【搭配】
a mass of / masses of sth 大量，许多(接可数名词和不可数名词)
the masses 群众
e.g. A mass of snow and rocks falling down the mountain
从山上滚下来的一堆积雪和石块
I struggled through the mass of people to the exit.
我在人群里挤来挤去,挤到了出口处。
A TV programme that brings science to the masses
普及科学知识的电视节目
The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves. Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground.
be made up of 由......组成
= be composed of = consist of（无被动语态）.
Animal bodies are made up of cells .
动物身体是由细胞组成的。
(3)Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.
每一层森林都形成了自己的小世界，是各种生物的家园。
living adj. 1) alive now 活着的；活的，做表语或前置定语
e.g. the finest living pianist 当世的最杰出的钢琴家
2) 在使用的；在实施的
e.g. a living language (=one that people still use)现用语言
living n. the way that you earn money or the money that you earn 生计; 收入
e.g. What do you do for a living (=what do you do as a job )你是做什么营生的？
lively/alive/live
alive adj. 活着的，有活力的，常作表语、后置定语或补语。
His grandparents are still alive. （表语）
Who is the greatest poet alive （后置定语）
In the end, two brave soldiers caught the enemy general alive.（宾补）
lively adj. 活泼的，活跃的，生动的，指人或物，作定语或表语。
They fell into a lively discussion of the question.热烈地讨论
Her story about her life in Africa was lively and interesting.
live v. 居住；过……的生活
adj. 活的，不指人，一般只作定语。
adj. & adv. 现场直播，现场表演
The couple are living a peaceful life in the countryside.
This is a live tiger. Don’t get too close to it.
The club has live music most nights.
If the match is broadcast live on CCTV 5, we needn’t go to the stadium.
【语境应用】请将下列汉语句子译成英语。
北京是个生机勃勃的城市。
2. 没有水，地球上将没有生物。
3. 我们不知道他是否还活着。
4. 无论发生什么，请保持希望。
Beijing is a lively city.
Without water, there will be no living things on earth.
We don’t know whether he is alive or not.
Whatever happens, please keep your hope alive.
jaguars
insects
at least 87 species, including frogs
leaves and fruit
microorganisms
feed on
break down
feed on
eat
While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s food chain.
nutrients
Para. 4 : Food chain
return
More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle's plant life. This jaguar is one example. It has a yellowish-brown coat with black spots. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s food chain.
while 引导时间状语从句， “尽管......”
a significant number of ... 大量的
the number of ... ......的数量
3. food chain 食物链
(2)While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest's food chain.
尽管相当多的美洲豹在这里生存,但它们只是这个雨林食物链的一个要素。
survive vi. 生存，存活，继续存在vt. 幸存，幸免于难，艰难度过 survival n.幸存，存活 survivor n. 幸存者
e.g. Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.
有些奇怪的风俗是从早年留存下来的。
引导让步状语从句
While he loves his students, he is very strict with them.
Strike while the iron is hot.
Some people waste food while others are starving.
尽管
当……时
然而
They feed on at least 87 species, including frogs. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.
feed on ... 以......为食
in turn 相应地
an tiny army of 一小群
break down 分解.
An army of ants matched across the path.
一大群蚂蚁浩浩荡荡地穿过小路。
【拓展】
in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着
take turns to do sth./ (in) doing sth. 轮流做某事
It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事
e.g. It will be in Tom’s turn to be on duty tomorrow.
明天轮到汤姆值日。
The students were taking turns reading aloud.
学生正在轮流朗读。
I think it's our turn to drive the kids to school this week.
我想这周该轮到我们开车送孩子们上学了。
break down 分解，发生故障
When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth. （Line 28）
美洲豹死后，一小支微生物军队会助力其尸体的分解，让营养素重回土壤之中。
break through 突破
break away (from...) 逃脱；脱离
break in 打断，插嘴；强行闯入
break into 闯入，破门而入
break out (战争、火灾等)突然发生，爆发
break up 打碎；(关系)破裂；(会议等)结束
break off 突然停止，暂停
04
用合适的短语填空。
1.When the news came that the war , he decided to serve in the army.
2.He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air conditioning system .
3.The boy suddenly his talk with his classmate at the sight of the teacher.
4.There is a call to huge digital companies because they have controlled the data market.
5.Cinderella from the prince to rush back home each night.
6. The thieves the office and stole some money.
7.Scientists hope to soon in their fight against heart disease.
broke out
broke down
broke off
break up
broke away
broke into
break through
Para. 5 : Significance and danger
1. Why does the Amazon rainforest play a significant role in maintaining the balance of the Earth's ecosystem
the “lungs of the planet”
a treasure house of species for food and medicine materials
2. What's the major danger in the Amazon rainforest
What's the situation of the Amazon rainforest over the past 50 years
major danger :us / human beings
About 17% of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities.
The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth's oxygen. Thus, it is often known as the “lungs of the planet".
breathe life into 给......带来起色，注入活力
be known as ... 被称为......，被认为是......
be known for... 因......而闻名.
Mrs. brown is known for her hospitality .
布朗夫人以其好客闻名。
05
breathe life into 给......带来起色，注入活力
教材原句：The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 percent of all the Earth’s oxygen.
亚马孙雨林通过固定碳 ，并生成占全球总量20%以上的氧气，来为地球注入活力。（Line 30）
breathe v. 呼吸
breathe in 吸入
breathe out 呼出
breath n. 呼吸
take a deep breath 深呼吸
out of breath 闯不过气
单句语法填空
1. Still, most of us volunteers (breath) a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.
2. The company needs new, young employees to the important
project. 这家公司需要新的年轻的员工给这个重要的项目注入活力
3.The ability to talk is an ability to communicate information to others by varying sounds we make as we .
说话的能力就是通过我们呼气时发出不同的声音
4.We would on our way to work, instead of complaining about heavy traffic.
我们会深吸一口气，而不是抱怨繁忙的交通。
breathe
breathe new life into
breathe out
take a deep breath
Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us. Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattie farming.
be used for 被用来做某事
be used as 被用作...
irreplaceable adj. 无可替代的
replaceable adj. 可替代的 replace v. 替代
due to 由于，因为
06
be used for sth. /doing sth. 被用来做......
教材原句：Moreover，the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. 此外，亚马逊雨林还是食用物种和药用物种的宝库。（Line 33）
be used to do sth. 被用来做......
be used to doing sth. 习惯于做......
used to do sth. 过去常常做......
用合适的短语填空。
1. I play basketball after school.
2. They working hard.
3. Plastic make bags.
used to
are used to
is used to
be used to do sth. 被用来做......
be used to doing sth. 习惯于做......
used to do sth. 过去常常做......
As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”
in danger of extinction 处在灭绝的危险中
afford to do sth 负担得起做某事.
I can not afford to run a car on my salary.
以我的薪水我是养不起汽车的。
Summary
Amazon rainforest
Basic information
location and size
Name: getting its name from (1) ________________
richest (2) ____________
Plants
more than 40,000 (3) ______________
different (4) _____ of the forest
Animals
more than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of (5) __________
elements of this forest’s (6) ___________
Significance
fixing carbon and producing (7) ________
having species used for (8) __________________
Danger
the major danger: (9) _________________
disappearing due to human activities such as (10) ____________ and cattle farming
the Amazon river
biodiversity
plant species
levels
mammals
food chain
oxygen
food or medicine
us/human beings
agriculture
Post-reading
Group Discussion
1.Can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet” Why
No. The Amazon rainforest is far too important for us to allow it to be destroyed. It helps maintain the balance of the ecosystem and provides our society with food and medicine.
2.What can we do to protect the Amazon rainforest
Post-reading
return farmland to forests
prohibit the cutting of trees
reduce carbon emissions
take public transportation
reduce human activities
Lunch a Forest Programme
Thank You !