Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Learning about language
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化所学语言点,并学以致用。(学习能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
拓展单词
1. vt.获得;达到→ adj.可达到(获得)的→ n.达到;到达;成就;造诣
2. vt.预料;预计→ n. 预料(期);期盼;期望
3. adj.更好的;占优势的 n.级别(或地位、职位)更高的人→ adj.差的;自卑的;下级的;下等的 n.下级;次品
4. n.偏见;成见→ adj 有偏见的
5. n.顾问;会诊医师→ vt.查阅;商量;向……请教 vi.请教;商议
6. adj.分别的;各自的→ n.尊敬;尊重;方面;敬意 vt.尊敬;尊重;遵守
7. vt.操作;使运行 vi.运转;工作→ adj起作用的;手术的
8. n.领导应有的品质;领导地位→ vt.领导;致使;引导;指挥 vi.相通;导致 n.领先;铅;导线
9. adj.每周的 adv.按周地 n.周报;周刊→ n.周;星期
10. n.机构;机构建筑 vt.建立;制定(体系、政策等)→ n.制度;建立;(社会或宗教等)公共机构;习俗
11. n.资格;资历;学历;合格;达到标准 → vt.限定;修饰;使具有资格;证明……合格 vi.取得资格;有资格
12. n.申请人→ vt.申请;涂;敷;应用 vi.申请;请求→ n.应用;申请;应用程序;敷用;(对事物、学习等)投入
13. n. 标准;准则→ (复数) n.标准;条件
14. vt.对……做出解释;为……辩护;证明……正确→ adj.有理由的
15. adj.紧密相关的;切题的;有价值的;有意义的→ n.关联;适当;中肯
答案 1.attain;attainable;attainment 2.anticipate;anticipation 3.superior;inferior 4.prejudice;prejudiced 5.consultant;consult 6.respective;respect 7.operate;operative 8.leadership;lead 9.weekly;week 10.institute;institution
11.qualification;qualify 12.applicant;apply;application
13.criterion;criteria 14.justify;justified 15.relevant;relevance
Step 2 短语记诵
1. 劳动力
2. 决不
3. 使某人能够做某事
4. 努力生活
5. 被他对飞行的热情所驱使
6. 职业选择
7. 允许某人做某事
8. 从事于(参加)
9. 给我们一种极大的成就感和满足感
10. 为个人成长提供空间
11. 保持;继续;不低落;不落后
12. 对……感到满意
13. 使某人适应某事
14. 学习新的技能
15. 在最基本上的层面
16. 优越于;不受诱惑;不屈服于
17. 对某人有偏见
18. 各自做出贡献
19. 走出他们的舒适区
20. 致力于做某事
21. 在偏远的农村地区
22. 获得优势的机会更少
23. 推进我们的社区
24. 带来成功
25. 以……为傲
26. 对……必不可少的
27. 总的来说
答案 1.labour force 2.by no means 3.enable sb to do sth 4.endeavor to live 5.driven by his passion for flying 6.career choice 7.allow sb to do sth 8.be engaged in 9.give us a great sense of achievement and satisfaction 10.provide room for personal growth 11.keep up 12.be satisfied with
13.adapt oneself to sth 14.acquire new skills
15.at the most basic level 16.be superior to
17.have prejudice against sb 18.make respective contributions 19.step out of their comfort zone mit oneself to doing 21.in remote rural area(s) 22.less access to the advantages
23.advance our communities 24.bring success to 25.take pride in 26.be essential for 27.as a whole
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.However, earning a living is by no means the only reason why we work—there are other important reasons that motivate us to enter the world of work.(why引导定语从句)
翻译 然而,谋生绝不是我们工作的唯一原因——还有其他重要原因促使我们进入工作的世界。
仿写 he was late for work was that his mother was ill.
他上班迟到的原因是他母亲病了。
2.Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be, work allows us the opportunity to be engaged in something we are fond of, and consequently, it can give us a great sense of achievement and satisfaction.(“疑问词+-ever”引导让步状语从句)
翻译 无论我们的兴趣是什么,无论我们的职业选择是什么,工作都能让我们有机会从事我们喜欢的事情,从而给我们极大的成就感和满足感。
仿写 ,good luck will be always with you.
无论你去往何方,好运都将一路相随。
3.Work can also help develop our skills, thus providing room for personal growth.(动词-ing形式作结果状语)
翻译 工作也有助于发展我们的技能,从而为个人成长提供空间。
仿写 Eventually someone spoke, .
终于有人开口打破了沉默。
4.Our rapidly changing workplace makes it necessary for us to keep up and develop new skills.(it作形式宾语)
翻译 我们快速变化的工作环境使我们有必要跟上(变化)并发展新技能。
仿写 I the climate in the high mountains.
我觉得自己很难适应高山气候。
答案 1.The reason why 2.Wherever you go
3.breaking the silence 4.find it very difficult to adapt myself to
【合作探究】
新知探究
解析教材
Work to live, live to work
If you were asked the question, “Do you work to live or live to work ”, what would your answer be (1)Some might say that we work because we have to, not least because we need the salary that enables us to be financially independent. It is certainly true that most of us do join the labour force once our studies are completed. (2)Indeed, it could be argued that our education is geared towards preparing us for a life of work. However, earning a living is by no means the only reason why we work—there are other important reasons that motivate us to enter the world of work.
为了生活而工作,为了工作而生活
如果有人问你这个问题:“你是为了生活而工作还是为了工作而生活 ”,你的答案会是什么 有人可能会说,我们工作是因为我们必须工作,尤其是因为我们需要薪水来实现经济独立。的确,我们中的大多数人一完成学业就加入了劳动大军。的确可以说,我们的教育就是在为我们一生的职业生涯做好准备。然而,谋生绝不是我们工作的唯一原因——还有其他重要的原因促使我们进入工作的世界。
【助读点拨】
(1)if引导的虚拟语气,表示对现在情况的虚拟。
(2)It是形式主语,真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句,从句中的do表示强调。
Through the work we do, our goals can be attained and our dreams achieved. All of us have had dreams of one kind or another and work often enables us to pursue those dreams, Henry David Thoreau said, “... if one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams, and endeavors to live the life which he has imagined(3),he will meet with a success unexpected in common hours.”(4) Yang Liwei, for example, driven by his passion for flying(5), became a pilot and then China's first astronaut in space. Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be, work allows us the opportunity to be engaged in something we are fond of, and consequently, it can give us a great sense of achievement and satisfaction.
通过我们所做的工作,我们的目标可以达成,我们的梦想也可以实现。我们每个人都有这样或那样的梦想。工作常常使我们能够追求那些梦想。亨利·戴维·梭罗曾说过:“……一个人若自信地朝他梦想的方向行进,努力过他设想的那种生活,那么他就会在平常的时刻与成功不期而遇。”以杨利伟为例,出于对飞行的热爱,他成为一名飞行员,然后成为中国第一位进入太空的航天员。无论我们的兴趣是什么,无论我们的职业选择是什么,工作都能让我们有机会从事我们喜欢的事情,从而给我们一种巨大的成就感和满足感。
【助读点拨】
(3)关系代词which引导定语从句,修饰先行词the life。
(4)动词-ed形式作后置定语修饰名词a success。
(5)此处为定语,相当于定语从句“who was driven by his passion for flying”。
Work can also help develop our skills, thus providing room for personal growth. When we work, we must practise our skills constantly and continuously until we excel in what we do. Our rapidly changing workplace makes it necessary for us to keep up and develop new skills. Twenty years ago, positions in social technologies or energy efficiency did not even exist, and it is difficult to anticipate the new positions which will emerge twenty years from now(6). However, it is certain that no one can afford to be satisfied with the status quo. In order to better adapt ourselves to new circumstances, we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills. This can add to our sense of achievement and our knowledge that we are developing as individuals while we move along our chosen career path(7).
工作也可以帮助我们提升技能,从而为个人的成长提供空间。当我们工作时,我们必须不断地磨练我们的技能,直到我们在我们所做的事情中出类拔萃。我们瞬息万变的工作环境使我们有必要与时俱进,发展新技能。二十年前,社交技术或能源效率方面的职位甚至还不存在,而且也难以预料二十年后将会出现的新职位。然而,可以肯定的是,没有人能够承担得起满足于现状的后果。为了更好地适应新环境,我们必须做好准备并愿意去掌握新技能。这可以增强我们的成就感,并让我们知道,在沿着自己选择的职业道路前进时,我们作为个体在发展着。
【助读点拨】
(6)关系代词which引导定语从句,修饰先行词the new positions,在从句中作主语。
(7)that引导同位语从句,对our knowledge进行解释说明,while引导时间状语从句。
Not only does work benefit us personally, it also contributes to the health of society.(8)At the most basic level, different types of jobs are like gears in a machine. They work to ensure that the machine we call “society” functions properly(9). In a successful, stable and productive society, all jobs are equally important and no one is superior to another, so we should not have prejudice against any of them. Whether we are scientists, lawyers, doctors, public servants, consultants, clerks, receptionists or butchers, we all make our respective contributions.(10)Moreover, there are people who choose to step out of their comfort zone and commit themselves to working for the benefit of others. For example, teachers in remote rural areas are devoted to changing the lives of the people with less access to the advantages enjoyed by many others. In this way, we work to advance our communities and bring success to our nation.
工作不仅使我们个人受益,而且有益于社会的健康发展。从最基本的层面来看,不同类型的工作就像机器上的齿轮。它们的作用是确保我们称之为“社会”的机器正常运转。在一个成功、稳定而有成效的社会里,所有的工作都同等重要,没有哪一份工作优于别的工作,因此我们对任何工作都不应该抱有偏见。无论我们是科学家、律师、医生、公务员、顾问、职员、接待员还是屠夫,我们都做出了各自的贡献。此外,有些人选择走出自己的舒适区,致力于为他人的利益而工作。例如,偏远农村地区的教师们致力于改变一些人的生活,这些人没有那么多条件享受许多其他人所能享受到的福利。通过这种方式,我们就是在为推动我们的社会进步和民族振兴而工作。
【助读点拨】
(8)Not only does work benefit ...是否定词前置引起的部分倒装。
(9)that引导宾语从句,作ensure的宾语。
(10)Whether引导让步状语从句。
Wherever life takes us and whatever choices are laid out before us, something worth remembering is that our work, when done well, will not only help us make a living but also help make a life for ourselves and for others. We can take pride in the knowledge that hard work is essential for our individual well-being as well as for the benefit of our society as a whole(11).
无论生活把我们带到哪里,无论摆在我们面前的选择是什么,值得记住的是,当我们的工作做得好时,它不仅会帮助我们谋生,还会帮助自己和他人创造生活。我们应该自豪地认识到,努力工作对我们个人以及整个社会的福祉都至关重要。
【助读点拨】
(11)that引导同位语从句,是对the knowledge的解释说明。
核 心 单 词
知识点1 attain vt.获得;达到 *attainable adj.可以达到的;可以获得的 *attainment n.达到;到达;成就;造诣
(P30)Through the work we do, our goals can be attained and our dreams achieved.
通过我们所做的工作,我们的目标可以达成,我们的梦想也可以实现。
知识拓展
attain to 达到;获得;到达理想的状态
attain one's goal/hopes 实现某人目标/心愿
attain real happiness 获得真正的快乐
经典佳句
With the exception of Tommy,each attained a measure of success.
除了汤米之外,每个人都获得了相当大的成功。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)After a year of exercising,she (attain) her ideal weight.
(2)India (attain) independence in 1947,after decades of struggle.
(3)You need to set goals that are clear and (attain).
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)No matter what anyone says, you can if you never give up.
不管别人说什么,只要不放弃,你就能实现你的目标。
答案 (1)attained (2)attained (3)attainable (4)attain your goal
知识点2 anticipate vt.预料;预计 *anticipation n.预期;预料;期待;希望*anticipated adj.受期盼的
(P31) Twenty years ago, positions in social technologies or energy efficiency did not even exist, and it is difficult to anticipate the new positions which will emerge twenty years from now.
二十年前,社交技术或能源效率方面的职位甚至还不存在,而且也难以预料二十年后将会出现的新职位。
知识拓展
It is anticipated that... 据预测……
anticipate doing sth 预计做某事;预期做某事
anticipate sb doing sth 认为某人会做某事
in anticipation of 预料
经典佳句
It is anticipated that interest rates will fall next year.
预计明年的利率会下调。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)What is your (anticipate) salary
(2)I didn't anticipate (have) to do the cooking myself.
(3)In (anticipate) of bad weather they took plenty of warm clothes with them.
Ⅱ.一句多译
我估计会下雨,所以带着外套和雨伞。
(4)I had taken my coat and umbrella because .(anticipate)
(5)I had taken my coat and umbrella .(anticipation)
答案 (1)anticipated (2)having (3)anticipation (4)I anticipated it would rain (5)in anticipation of rain
知识点3 superior adj.更好的;占优势的 n.级别(或地位、职位)更高的人 *superiority n.优越(性);优势 *反义词:inferior adj.差的;自卑的;下级的;下等的 n.下级;次品
(P31)In a successful, stable and productive society, all jobs are equally important and no one is superior to another, so we should not have prejudice against any of them.
在一个成功、稳定而有成效的社会里,所有的工作都同等重要,没有哪一份工作优于别的工作,因此我们对任何工作都不应该抱有偏见。
知识拓展
a superior product/car 优质的产品/汽车
a superior standard 高标准
a superior actor/technician 优秀的演员/技工
(be) superior to 优于;比……优越
be superior in numbers 数量占优
(be) inferior to 不如;次于……
经典佳句
Even he still lives under the illusion that country life is somehow superior to town life.
就连他也仍抱有幻想,有着乡村生活总比城市生活优越的错觉。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)As a violin player, he .
作为小提琴手,没有人能超过他。
(2)We have a relationship infinitely those of many of our friends.
我们之间的关系远比我们许多朋友之间的关系好得多。
(3)Modern music is often considered that of the past.
现代音乐常被认为不如过去的。
答案 (1)has no superior (2)superior to (3)inferior to
知识点4 respective adj.分别的;各自的 *respectively adv.分别地;各自地;独自地 *respect n. & v. 尊敬;敬重 *respectable adj.值得尊敬的;体面的
(P31)Whether we are scientists,lawyers,doctors,public servants,consultants,clerks,receptionists or butchers,we all make our respective contributions.
无论我们是科学家、律师、医生、公务员、顾问、职员、接待员还是屠夫,我们都做出了各自的贡献。
知识拓展
respective parts 各部分
have/win/earn the respect of the world 得到/赢得世人的尊敬
in respect of=with respect to 至于;关于;就……而言
respect elders/one's parents 尊重长者/父母
a respectable family 受人尊敬的家庭
经典佳句
Steve and I were at very different stages in our respective careers.
史蒂夫和我在各自的职业生涯中处于迥然不同的阶段。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)It's going to raise a lot of problems atmosphere pollution.
这将引起大气污染方面的许多问题。
(2)He and I are each going to .
我和他分别要去拜访各自的老师。
答案 (1)in respect of/with respect to (2)visit our respective teachers
知识点5 operate vt.操作;使运行 vi.运转;工作 *operation n. 操作;经营;[外科]手术 *operative adj.可使用;在使用中;手术的 *operable adj.可操作的;可实行的;可使用的
(P33)Currently,a heavy focus is put on training for “hard skills”, such as machine operating and software programming.
目前,重点放在机器操作和软件编程等“硬技能”的培训上。
知识拓展
easy to operate 容易操作
operate on 对……动手术;对……起作用
operate mode 操作方式;运算方式;工作状态
have an operation 接受手术;做手术
emergency operation 紧急手术
经典佳句
Changes are being introduced to make the department operate more efficiently.
这个部门正在推行变革,以使它更有效地运作。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)The bus is designed to .
这种公共汽车被设计成能够在任何天气状况下行驶。
(2)The whole tax system is now .
整个税收体系现在运作得更高效了。
(3)Charles was, on his arm.
查尔斯正从手臂手术中恢复。
答案 (1)operate in any weather condition
(2)operating more efficiently
(3)recovering from an operation
知识点6 hire vt.&vi.聘用;雇用;租用 n.新雇员;租借
(P33)However, in the future, employers will look to hire people who are ready and able to learn.
然而,未来雇主们将会雇用那些准备好并且有能力学习的人。
知识拓展
hire sb to do sth 雇用某人做某事
a car hire company 汽车出租公司
on hire 出租的;雇用
经典佳句
We hired a local guide to get us across the mountains.
我们雇了一名当地向导带领我们翻山越岭。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The costumes are hire from the local theatre.
(2)The office plans to hire freelance reporters (cover) the latest happenings.
答案 (1)on (2)to cover
知识点7 leadership n.领导应有的品质;领导地位 *lead vt.相通;致使;引导;指挥 vi.相通;导致 n.领先地位;线索;主角 *leader n.领导人;领先者
(P33)As a result,employees will need to attain excellent soft skills such as communication,cooperation and leadership.
因此,员工需要掌握良好的软技能,如沟通、合作和领导能力。
知识拓展
under one's leadership 在某人的领导下
play the lead in a play 在剧中扮演主角
lead the way in... 在……方面领先
lead... back 把……领回
lead to 导致(通常为不愉快的情况)
经典佳句
Under her leadership, the team came back to the top, winning the 2015 World Cup.
在她的领导下,该队再次夺冠,赢得了2015年世界杯冠军。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)We space technology.
我们在航天技术方面处于领先地位。
(2)I tried to to the main issue.
我试图把讨论引回主要问题。
(3)A poor diet will ultimately .
糟糕的饮食终将导致疾病。
(4)He during the crisis.
他称赞了她在危机中的领导作用。
答案 (1)lead the way in (2)lead the discussion back (3)lead to illness (4)praised her leadership
短 语 句 式
探究点8 earn a living 谋生
(P30)However,earning a living is by no means the only reason why we work—there are other important reasons that motivate us to enter the world of work.
然而,谋生绝不是我们工作的唯一原因——还有其他重要原因促使我们进入工作的世界。
知识拓展
make one's/a living 谋生;活命
earn money 赚钱
earn interest 赚取利息
earn a fortune 挣一大笔钱
经典佳句
He wished to earn a living through writing and he tried his best to achieve.
他想通过写作来谋生,并尽全力来实现它。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)Our school leavers face so fierce competition that they seldom care what they do as long as they can .
我们学校的毕业生面临着如此激烈的竞争,以至于只要能谋生,他们很少关心做什么工作。
(2)A deposit in the bank is your capital,which will for you.
你在银行的存款是你的资本,它能给你赚取利润。
(3)I like living here.It forces me to hustle and I can .
我喜欢在这里生活。这个想法迫使我拼命干活,这样我就可以挣到钱。
答案 (1)earn/make a living (2)earn interest
(3)earn money
知识点9 why引导定语从句
(P30)However, earning a living is by no means the only reason why we work—there are other important reasons that motivate us to enter the world of work.
然而,谋生绝不是我们工作的唯一原因——还有其他重要原因促使我们进入工作的世界。
知识拓展
此句包含了why引导的定语从句,the only reason为先行词,在主句中作表语,why可以等同于for which。破折号后面的句子进一步解释说明,该句的表语是other important reasons,其后是由that引导的定语从句。
表原因的相关句式:
(1)The reason why... is that... 意为“……的原因是……”,其中why引导的是定语从句,that 引导表语从句。
The reason why he was late for school was that he got up late.
他上学迟到的原因是他起床晚了。
(2)That's why...意为“那就是……为什么……”,其中why引导表语从句,接陈述句语序,表结果。
He got up late.That's why he was late for school.
他起床晚了。那就是他上学迟到的原因。
(3)It is because...意为“那是因为……”,其中because 引导表语从句,表原因。
He was late for school.It was because he got up late.
他上学迟到了。那是因为他起床晚了。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The reason we didn't go was we were notified too late.
(2)If there are things we do not know, it is we haven't learnt them.
(3)All the windows are open. That's the wind is so strong.
答案 (1)why;that (2)because (3)why
知识点10 相同成分的省略
(P30)Through the work we do,our goals can be attained and our dreams achieved.
通过我们所做的工作,我们的目标可以达成,我们的梦想也可以实现。
知识拓展
此处的并列句中省略了can be。在并列句中,相同的成分如主语、谓语、宾语等都可以省略。
(1)省略主语:当并列的成分是由同一个主语发出的动作时,并列连接词后面的部分可以省略主语。
(2)省略谓语:当连接词前后两个分句中的谓语动作相同时,后一分句中的谓语部分可以省略。
(3)省略其他成分:一般说来,在后一并列句中凡是与上文相同的成分通常都会被省略。
To some, smiling is very easy, and to others (smiling is) so hard.
对一些人来说微笑很容易,而对另一些人来说(微笑)却很难。
The boy wanted to bring his dog to the shopping center, but his mother told him not to (bring his dog to the shopping center).
这个男孩想带他的狗去购物中心,但是他妈妈不让他带。
融会应用 翻译句子
(1)她走上前并和我握手。
_______________________________________________________________________________
(2)我们可以乘火车或飞机去那里。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案
(1)She came forward and (she) shook hands with me.
(2)We may go there by train or (by) air.
知识点11 让步状语从句
(P31)Wherever life takes us and whatever choices are laid out before us, something worth remembering is that our work, when done well, will not only help us make a living but also help make a life for ourselves and for others.
无论生活把我们带到哪里,无论摆在我们面前的选择是什么,值得记住的是,当我们的工作做得好时,它不仅会帮助我们谋生,还会帮助自己和他人创造生活。
知识拓展
该句结构较为复杂,Wherever...and whatever...是两个让步状语从句,主句的主语是something,形容词短语worth remembering作其后置定语,系动词is 后面是that引导的表语从句。在表语从句中,主干结构是our work will not only...but also...,其中插入when done well作状语。
让步状语从句一般翻译为“尽管……;即使……”,引导让步状语从句的连词主要有though、although、while、as、even if、even though、whether...or...、no matter+疑问词、疑问词-ever、regardless of、despite、in spite of等。切记although、though不可与but连用,但可以与still或yet连用。
融会应用 翻译句子
(1)尽管他学习努力,他还是几乎没取得什么进步。
_______________________________________________________________________________
(2)尽管我相信这一点,我还得考虑考虑。
_______________________________________________________________________________
(3)无论发生了什么事情,他都不会介意的。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案
(1)Hard as/though he works,he makes little progress.
(2)Though I believe it, yet I have to consider.
(3)No matter what happened/Whatever happened, he would not mind.
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.Recent studies show that we are far more (product) at work if we take short breaks regularly.
2.He was a (consult) physician, a serious man dedicated to his career.
3.Learning is not always easy, but it is always (benefit) in the long term.
4.I admire his (passion) belief in what he is doing.
5.Investors were storing up a lot of cash in (anticipate) of disaster.
6.She had had the foresight to prepare herself (financial) in case of an accident.
7.To our (satisfy), most of us have realized the importance of living in harmony with nature.
8.The museum is building a new (receive) centre for visitors.
9.Dr Price says the mice with the diet restrictions were more (energy) and suffered fewer diseases.
10.Regular servicing guarantees the smooth (operate) of the engine.
答案 1.productive 2.consultant 3.beneficial
4.passionate 5.anticipation 6.financially 7.satisfaction
8.reception 9.energetic 10.operation
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.Only by working hard in the future.
只有通过努力学习,我们才能在未来对社会做出各自的贡献。
2.The reason why we didn't want to leave .
我们不想离开是因为已经喜欢上了这座房子。
3.He was virtually driven to this, because .
他实际上是被迫干这一行的,因为他无法以任何其他方式谋生。
4. through adopting different green design strategies.
通过采用不同的绿色设计策略,可以实现不同的产品环境目标。
5.I could now measure and really know where I was in terms of .
现在我能衡量并且的确知道我经济独立的目标已实现到哪一步了。
6. , she brings a friend.
不管她什么时候来,她都带个朋友。
7.New technologies have new products faster and at a lower cost.
新技术已经使得更快地、以更低的成本生产新产品成为可能。
8. he will hand over his business to his son when he gets old.
当他年老了他会把生意传给儿子,这一点是肯定的。
答案 1.can we make our respective contributions to our society 2.was that we had been fond of the house 3.he could not earn a living in any other way
4.Different product environment targets can be attained 5.my goal to become financially independent
6.Whenever she comes 7.made it possible to produce 8.It is certain that
Ⅲ.语法填空
Learning how to choose a career is not only important for adults but also for students at college.People decide to have their careers 1. (change)simply because they dislike the job they 2. (current) have.
They take on the jobs not because they like them but because they need to make a living. In this case,3. (get) career guidance is very important. The first step in choosing a career 4. (be) understanding yourself.This will help you realize what you enjoy doing.
The best way to do this is by taking a personality test,5. it is available on the Internet for free.It is also important to understand your values and know what you are willing to do.Next,visit career guidance centers or career 6. (website).If possible, apply to be a volunteer that benefits you.You can get professional help and decide whether the career path is 7. (suit) for you or not.Finally, you should learn universal(通用的) skills, such as typing, writing and computer skills,which will help get opportunities to change your career in 8. future. When you study something that leads to just one career, then you may have closed all other opportunities for changing your career. Choosing a career is important because most of the time in our lives 9. (spend) at work.
Therefore,putting interests and hobbies into careers can always lead 10. the best jobs.
答案 1.changed 2.currently 3.getting 4.is 5.and
6.websites 7.suitable 8.the 9.is spent 10.to
衔接高考
单句填空
1.(2022·全国乙)Costs would be cut and (operate) would be more efficient(高效) across the board.
2.(2020·江苏)For many British people, that can apply to (institute) and objects that represent their country's...
3.(2023·浙江1月)It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt arguments and strings them together. This can lead the kinds of errors no human would make.
4.(2023·全国甲) Confucius stressed the self-cultivation, respect elders, and the pursuit of knowledge, which serves as a guiding light in our fast-paced and interconnected world.
5.(2023·浙江1月)Instructors are (passion) educators who are experts in their fields and have undergone training and a background check.
答案 1.operations 2.institutions 3.to 4.for 5.passionate
2(共59张PPT)
UNIT 3 Careers and skills
Section Ⅱ Learning about language
1.通过对教材的理解，了解重要语言点的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过导学案的套用，以练促学，巩固内化所学语言点，并学以致用。（学习能力）
拓展单词
1.______ vt.获得；达到→ _________ adj.可达到（获得）的→ __________ n.达到；
到达；成就；造诣
2._________ vt.预料；预计→ ___________ n. 预料（期）；期盼；期望
3.________ adj.更好的；占优势的 n.级别（或地位、职位）更高的人→ ________ adj.
差的；自卑的；下级的；下等的 n.下级；次品
4._________ n.偏见；成见→ __________ adj 有偏见的
attain
attainable
attainment
anticipate
anticipation
superior
inferior
prejudice
prejudiced
5.__________ n.顾问；会诊医师→ _______ vt.查阅；商量；向……请教 vi.请教；商
议
6.__________ adj.分别的；各自的→ _______ n.尊敬；尊重；方面；敬意 vt.尊敬；
尊重；遵守
7.________ vt.操作；使运行 vi.运转；工作→ _________ adj起作用的；手术的
8.__________ n.领导应有的品质；领导地位→ _____ vt.领导；致使；引导；指挥 vi.
相通；导致 n.领先；铅；导线
9._______ adj.每周的 adv.按周地 n.周报；周刊→ ______ n.周；星期
10.________ n.机构；机构建筑 vt.建立；制定（体系、政策等）→ __________ n.制
度；建立；（社会或宗教等）公共机构；习俗
consultant
consult
respective
respect
operate
operative
leadership
lead
weekly
week
institute
institution
11.____________ n.资格；资历；学历；合格；达到标准 → _______ vt.限定；修饰；
使具有资格；证明……合格 vi.取得资格；有资格
12._________ n.申请人→ ______ vt.申请；涂；敷；应用 vi.申请；请求→
___________ n.应用；申请；应用程序；敷用；（对事物、学习等）投入
13.________ n. 标准；准则→ （复数）_______ n.标准；条件
14._______ vt.对……做出解释；为……辩护；证明……正确→ ________ adj.有理由
的
15.________ adj.紧密相关的；切题的；有价值的；有意义的→ _________ n.关联；
适当；中肯
qualification
qualify
applicant
apply
application
criterion
criteria
justify
justified
relevant
relevance
1.____________劳动力
2._____________决不
3.___________________使某人能够做某事
4.________________努力生活
5._____________________________被他对飞行的热情所驱使
6._____________职业选择
labour force
by no means
enable sb to do sth
endeavor to live
driven by his passion for flying
career choice
7.__________________允许某人做某事
8.______________从事于（参加）
9.________________________________________________给我们一种极大的成就感和
满足感
10._______________________________为个人成长提供空间
11.________保持；继续；不低落；不落后
12.________________对……感到满意
13.___________________使某人适应某事
allow sb to do sth
be engaged in
give us a great sense of achievement and satisfaction
provide room for personal growth
keep up
be satisfied with
adapt oneself to sth
14._________________学习新的技能
15._____________________在最基本上的层面
16.______________优越于；不受诱惑；不屈服于
17._______________________对某人有偏见
18.___________________________各自做出贡献
19.____________________________走出他们的舒适区
20._______________________致力于做某事
21.________________________在偏远的农村地区
acquire new skills
at the most basic level
be superior to
have prejudice against sb
make respective contributions
step out of their comfort zone
commit oneself to doing
in remote rural area（s）
22.___________________________获得优势的机会更少
23._______________________推进我们的社区
24._______________带来成功
25._____________以……为傲
26._______________对……必不可少的
27.___________总的来说
less access to the advantages
advance our communities
bring success to
take pride in
be essential for
as a whole
1.However， earning a living is by no means the only reason why we work—there are other important reasons that motivate us to enter the world of work.（why引导定语从句）
翻译 然而，谋生绝不是我们工作的唯一原因——还有其他重要原因促使我们进入工作
的世界。
仿写 _______________ he was late for work was that his mother was ill.
他上班迟到的原因是他母亲病了。
The reason why
2.Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be， work allows us the opportunity to be engaged in something we are fond of， and consequently， it can give us a great sense of achievement and satisfaction.（“疑问词+-ever”引导让步状语从句）
翻译 无论我们的兴趣是什么，无论我们的职业选择是什么，工作都能让我们有机会从事我们喜欢的事情，从而给我们极大的成就感和满足感。
仿写 _________________，good luck will be always with you.
无论你去往何方，好运都将一路相随。
Wherever you go
3.Work can also help develop our skills， thus providing room for personal growth.
（动词-ing形式作结果状语）
翻译 工作也有助于发展我们的技能，从而为个人成长提供空间。
仿写 Eventually someone spoke，___________________.
终于有人开口打破了沉默。
breaking the silence
4.Our rapidly changing workplace makes it necessary for us to keep up and develop new skills.（it作形式宾语）
翻译 我们快速变化的工作环境使我们有必要跟上（变化）并发展新技能。
仿写 I ____________________________________ the climate in the high mountains.
我觉得自己很难适应高山气候。
find it very difficult to adapt myself to
核 心 单 词
知识点1 attain vt.获得；达到＊attainable adj.可以达到的；可以获得的＊attainment n.达到；到达；成就；造诣
（P30）Through the work we do， our goals can be attained and our dreams
achieved.
通过我们所做的工作，我们的目标可以达成，我们的梦想也可以实现。
attain to 达到；获得；到达理想的状态
attain one's goal/hopes 实现某人目标/心愿
attain real happiness 获得真正的快乐
经典佳句
With the exception of Tommy，each attained a measure of success.
除了汤米之外，每个人都获得了相当大的成功。
知识拓展
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）After a year of exercising，she ________（attain） her ideal weight.
（2）India ________（attain） independence in 1947，after decades of struggle.
（3）You need to set goals that are clear and _________（attain）.
attained
attained
attainable
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）No matter what anyone says， you can ________________ if you never give
up.
不管别人说什么，只要不放弃，你就能实现你的目标。
attxain your goal
知识点2 anticipate vt.预料；预计＊anticipation n.预期；预料；期待；希望＊anticipated adj.受期盼的
（P31） Twenty years ago， positions in social technologies or energy efficiency did
not even exist， and it is difficult to anticipate the new positions which will emerge
twenty years from now.
二十年前，社交技术或能源效率方面的职位甚至还不存在，而且也难以预料二十年后
将会出现的新职位。
It is anticipated that... 据预测……
anticipate doing sth 预计做某事；预期做某事
anticipate sb doing sth 认为某人会做某事
in anticipation of 预料
经典佳句
It is anticipated that interest rates will fall next year.
预计明年的利率会下调。
知识拓展
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）What is your __________ （anticipate） salary
（2）I didn't anticipate _______ （have） to do the cooking myself.
（3）In ___________ （anticipate） of bad weather they took plenty of warm clothes
with them.
anticipated
having
anticipation
Ⅱ.一句多译
我估计会下雨，所以带着外套和雨伞。
（4）I had taken my coat and umbrella because ________________________.
（anticipate）
（5）I had taken my coat and umbrella ____________________.（anticipation）
I anticipated it would rain
in anticipation of rain
知识点3 superior adj.更好的；占优势的 n.级别（或地位、职位）更高的人＊superiority n.优越（性）；优势＊反义词：inferior adj.差的；自卑的；下级的；下等的 n.下级；次品
（P31）In a successful， stable and productive society， all jobs are equally
important and no one is superior to another， so we should not have prejudice
against any of them.
在一个成功、稳定而有成效的社会里，所有的工作都同等重要，没有哪一份工作优于
别的工作，因此我们对任何工作都不应该抱有偏见。
a superior product/car 优质的产品/汽车
a superior standard 高标准
a superior actor/technician 优秀的演员/技工
（be） superior to 优于；比……优越
be superior in numbers 数量占优
（be） inferior to 不如；次于……
知识拓展
经典佳句
Even he still lives under the illusion that country life is somehow superior to town
life.
就连他也仍抱有幻想，有着乡村生活总比城市生活优越的错觉。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）As a violin player， he _______________.
作为小提琴手，没有人能超过他。
（2）We have a relationship infinitely ___________ those of many of our friends．
我们之间的关系远比我们许多朋友之间的关系好得多。
（3）Modern music is often considered __________ that of the past.
现代音乐常被认为不如过去的。
has no superior
superior to
inferior to
知识点4 respective adj.分别的；各自的＊respectively adv.分别地；各自地；独自地＊respect n. & v. 尊敬；敬重＊respectable adj.值得尊敬的；体面的
（P31）Whether we are scientists，lawyers，doctors，public servants，consultants，
clerks，receptionists or butchers，we all make our respective contributions.
无论我们是科学家、律师、医生、公务员、顾问、职员、接待员还是屠夫，我们都做
出了各自的贡献。
respective parts 各部分
have/win/earn the respect of the world 得到/赢得世人的尊敬
in respect of=with respect to 至于；关于；就……而言
respect elders/one's parents 尊重长者/父母
a respectable family 受人尊敬的家庭
经典佳句
Steve and I were at very different stages in our respective careers.
史蒂夫和我在各自的职业生涯中处于迥然不同的阶段。
知识拓展
融会应用 单句写作
（1）It's going to raise a lot of problems __________________________ atmosphere
pollution.
这将引起大气污染方面的许多问题。
in respect of/with respect to
（2）He and I are each going to _________________________.
我和他分别要去拜访各自的老师。
visit our respective teachers
知识点5 operate vt.操作；使运行 vi.运转；工作＊operation n. 操作；经营；［外科］手术＊operative adj.可使用；在使用中；手术的＊operable adj.可操作的；可实行的；可使用的
（P33）Currently，a heavy focus is put on training for “hard skills”， such as
machine operating and software programming.
目前，重点放在机器操作和软件编程等“硬技能”的培训上。
easy to operate 容易操作
operate on 对……动手术；对……起作用
operate mode 操作方式；运算方式；工作状态
have an operation 接受手术；做手术
emergency operation 紧急手术
经典佳句
Changes are being introduced to make the department operate more efficiently.
这个部门正在推行变革，以使它更有效地运作。
知识拓展
融会应用 单句写作
（1）The bus is designed to ______________________________．
这种公共汽车被设计成能够在任何天气状况下行驶。
（2）The whole tax system is now ________________________．
整个税收体系现在运作得更高效了。
（3）Charles was，___________________________ on his arm．
查尔斯正从手臂手术中恢复。
operate in any weather condition
operating more efficiently
recovering from an operation
知识点6 hire vt.&vi.聘用；雇用；租用 n.新雇员；租借
（P33）However， in the future， employers will look to hire people who are ready
and able to learn.
然而，未来雇主们将会雇用那些准备好并且有能力学习的人。
hire sb to do sth 雇用某人做某事
a car hire company 汽车出租公司
on hire 出租的；雇用
知识拓展
经典佳句
We hired a local guide to get us across the mountains.
我们雇了一名当地向导带领我们翻山越岭。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The costumes are ____ hire from the local theatre.
（2）The office plans to hire freelance reporters _________ （cover） the latest
happenings.
on
to cover
知识点7 leadership n.领导应有的品质；领导地位＊lead vt.相通；致使；引导；指挥 vi.相通；导致 n.领先地位；线索；主角＊leader n.领导人；领先者
（P33）As a result，employees will need to attain excellent soft skills such as
communication，cooperation and leadership.
因此，员工需要掌握良好的软技能，如沟通、合作和领导能力。
under one's leadership 在某人的领导下
play the lead in a play 在剧中扮演主角
lead the way in... 在……方面领先
lead... back 把……领回
lead to 导致（通常为不愉快的情况）
经典佳句
Under her leadership， the team came back to the top， winning the 2015 World
Cup.
在她的领导下，该队再次夺冠，赢得了2015年世界杯冠军。
知识拓展
融会应用 单句写作
（1）We _______________ space technology.
我们在航天技术方面处于领先地位。
（2）I tried to _______________________ to the main issue.
我试图把讨论引回主要问题。
（3）A poor diet will ultimately ______________.
糟糕的饮食终将导致疾病。
（4）He ____________________ during the crisis.
他称赞了她在危机中的领导作用。
lead the way in
lead the discussion back
lead to illness
praised her leadership
短 语 句 式
探究点8 earn a living 谋生
（P30）However，earning a living is by no means the only reason why we work—
there are other important reasons that motivate us to enter the world of work.然而，
谋生绝不是我们工作的唯一原因——还有其他重要原因促使我们进入工作的世界。
make one's/a living 谋生；活命
earn money 赚钱
earn interest 赚取利息
earn a fortune 挣一大笔钱
经典佳句
He wished to earn a living through writing and he tried his best to achieve.
他想通过写作来谋生，并尽全力来实现它。
知识拓展
融会应用 单句写作
（1）Our school leavers face so fierce competition that they seldom care what they
do as long as they can __________________.
我们学校的毕业生面临着如此激烈的竞争，以至于只要能谋生，他们很少关心做什么工作。
earn/make a living
（2）A deposit in the bank is your capital，which will ____________ for you.
你在银行的存款是你的资本，它能给你赚取利润。
（3）I like living here.It forces me to hustle and I can ____________.
我喜欢在这里生活。这个想法迫使我拼命干活，这样我就可以挣到钱。
earn interest
earn money
知识点9 why引导定语从句
（P30）However， earning a living is by no means the only reason why we work—
there are other important reasons that motivate us to enter the world of work.
然而，谋生绝不是我们工作的唯一原因——还有其他重要原因促使我们进入工作的世界。
此句包含了why引导的定语从句，the only reason为先行词，在主句中作表语，why可
以等同于for which。破折号后面的句子进一步解释说明，该句的表语是other important
reasons，其后是由that引导的定语从句。
知识拓展
表原因的相关句式：
（1）The reason why... is that... 意为“……的原因是……”，其中why引导的是定语从
句，that 引导表语从句。
The reason why he was late for school was that he got up late．
他上学迟到的原因是他起床晚了。
（2）That's why...意为“那就是……为什么……”，其中why引导表语从句，接陈述句语
序，表结果。
He got up late.That's why he was late for school．
他起床晚了。那就是他上学迟到的原因。
（3）It is because...意为“那是因为……”，其中because 引导表语从句，表原因。
He was late for school.It was because he got up late．
他上学迟到了。那是因为他起床晚了。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The reason _____ we didn't go was _____ we were notified too late.
（2）If there are things we do not know， it is ________ we haven't learnt them．
（3）All the windows are open. That's _____ the wind is so strong.
why
that
because
why
知识点10 相同成分的省略
（P30）Through the work we do，our goals can be attained and our dreams
achieved.
通过我们所做的工作，我们的目标可以达成，我们的梦想也可以实现。
此处的并列句中省略了can be。在并列句中，相同的成分如主语、谓语、宾语等都可
以省略。
（1）省略主语：当并列的成分是由同一个主语发出的动作时，并列连接词后面的部分
可以省略主语。
（2）省略谓语：当连接词前后两个分句中的谓语动作相同时，后一分句中的谓语部分
可以省略。
（3）省略其他成分：一般说来，在后一并列句中凡是与上文相同的成分通常都会被省略。
知识拓展
To some, smiling is very easy， and to others （smiling is） so hard.
对一些人来说微笑很容易，而对另一些人来说（微笑）却很难。
The boy wanted to bring his dog to the shopping center， but his mother told him
not to （bring his dog to the shopping center）．
这个男孩想带他的狗去购物中心，但是他妈妈不让他带。
融会应用 翻译句子
（1）她走上前并和我握手。
[答案] She came forward and （she） shook hands with me．
（2）我们可以乘火车或飞机去那里。
[答案] We may go there by train or （by） air.
知识点11 让步状语从句
（P31）Wherever life takes us and whatever choices are laid out before us，
something worth remembering is that our work， when done well， will not only
help us make a living but also help make a life for ourselves and for others.
无论生活把我们带到哪里，无论摆在我们面前的选择是什么，值得记住的是，当我们
的工作做得好时，它不仅会帮助我们谋生，还会帮助自己和他人创造生活。
该句结构较为复杂，Wherever...and whatever...是两个让步状语从句，主句的主语是
something，形容词短语worth remembering作其后置定语，系动词is 后面是that引导的
表语从句。在表语从句中，主干结构是our work will not only...but also...，其中插入
when done well作状语。
让步状语从句一般翻译为“尽管……；即使……”，引导让步状语从句的连词主要有
though、although、while、as、even if、even though、whether...or...、no matter+疑问词、
疑问词-ever、regardless of、despite、in spite of等。切记although、though不可与but连
用，但可以与still或yet连用。
知识拓展
融会应用 翻译句子
（1）尽管他学习努力，他还是几乎没取得什么进步。
[答案] Hard as/though he works，he makes little progress.
（2）尽管我相信这一点，我还得考虑考虑。
[答案] Though I believe it， yet I have to consider.
（3）无论发生了什么事情，他都不会介意的。
[答案] No matter what happened/Whatever happened， he would not mind.
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.Recent studies show that we are far more __________ （product） at work if we
take short breaks regularly.
2.He was a __________ （consult） physician， a serious man dedicated to his
career.
3.Learning is not always easy， but it is always __________ （benefit） in the long
term.
4.I admire his __________ （passion） belief in what he is doing.
productive
consultant
beneficial
passionate
5.Investors were storing up a lot of cash in ___________ （anticipate） of disaster.
6.She had had the foresight to prepare herself __________ （financial） in case of
an accident.
7.To our ___________ （satisfy）， most of us have realized the importance of
living in harmony with nature.
8.The museum is building a new _________ （receive） centre for visitors.
9.Dr Price says the mice with the diet restrictions were more _________ （energy）
and suffered fewer diseases.
10.Regular servicing guarantees the smooth _________ （operate） of the engine.
financially
satisfaction
reception
energetic
operation
anticipation
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.Only by working hard __________________________________________________ in
the future.
只有通过努力学习，我们才能在未来对社会做出各自的贡献。
can we make our respective contributions to our society
2.The reason why we didn't want to leave_____________________________________ .
我们不想离开是因为已经喜欢上了这座房子。
was that we had been fond of the house
3.He was virtually driven to this， because ____________________________________
____.
他实际上是被迫干这一行的，因为他无法以任何其他方式谋生。
he could not earn a living in any other way
4._______________________________________________ through adopting different
green design strategies.
通过采用不同的绿色设计策略，可以实现不同的产品环境目标。
Different product environment targets can be attained
5.I could now measure and really know where I was in terms of
_______________________________________.
现在我能衡量并且的确知道我经济独立的目标已实现到哪一步了。
my goal to become financially independent
6.____________________， she brings a friend.
不管她什么时候来，她都带个朋友。
Whenever she comes
7.New technologies have __________________________ new products faster and at a
lower cost.
新技术已经使得更快地、以更低的成本生产新产品成为可能。
made it possible to produce
8.________________ he will hand over his business to his son when he gets old.
当他年老了他会把生意传给儿子，这一点是肯定的。
It is certain that
Ⅲ.语法填空
Learning how to choose a career is not only important for adults but also for
students at college.People decide to have their careers 1.________（change）simply
because they dislike the job they 2._________（current） have．
They take on the jobs not because they like them but because they need to
make a living. In this case，3._______ （get） career guidance is very important.
The first step in choosing a career 4.___（be） understanding yourself.This will help
you realize what you enjoy doing.
changed
currently
getting
is
The best way to do this is by taking a personality test，5._____ it is available
on the Internet for free.It is also important to understand your values and know what
you are willing to do.Next，visit career guidance centers or career 6._________
（website）.If possible， apply to be a volunteer that benefits you.You can get
professional help and decide whether the career path is 7.________（suit） for you or
not.Finally， you should learn universal（通用的） skills， such as typing， writing
and computer skills，which will help get opportunities to change your career in
8.____ future. When you study something that leads to just one career， then you
may have closed all other opportunities for changing your career. Choosing a career
is important because most of the time in our lives 9.________（spend） at work．
Therefore，putting interests and hobbies into careers can always lead 10.___ the
best jobs.
and
websites
suitable
the
is spent
to
单句填空
1.（2022·全国乙）Costs would be cut and __________（operate） would be more
efficient（高效） across the board.
2.（2020·江苏）For many British people， that can apply to ___________（institute）
and objects that represent their country's...
operations
institutions
3.（2023·浙江1月）It takes sentences from its library of documents and prebuilt
arguments and strings them together. This can lead ___ the kinds of errors no human
would make.
to
4.（2023·全国甲）Confucius stressed the self-cultivation， respect ____ elders， and
the pursuit of knowledge， which serves as a guiding light in our fast-paced and
interconnected world.
for
5.（2023·浙江1月）Instructors are __________ （passion） educators who are experts
in their fields and have undergone training and a background check.
passionate
