(共34张PPT)
UNIT 3 Careers and skills
Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage
1.通过对教材的理解，了解重要语言点的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过导学案的套用，以练促学，巩固内化所学语言点，并学以致用。（学习能力）
3.通过对教材的理解，掌握名词性从句的用法。（语言能力）
核 心 单 词
知识点1 weekly adj.每周的 adv.每周地 n.周报；周刊＊monthly adj.每月的 n.月刊 adv.每月；每月一次＊yearly adj.每年的 adv.每年；一年一次 n.年刊；年鉴＊daily adj.日常的；每日的 n.日报 adv.日常地；每日；每天
（P34）For instance，you will have to work out weekly，monthly and yearly budgets，
and a wrong decision might cost the company a great deal and put other people's
jobs on the line.
例如，你必须计算出每周、每月和每年的预算，一个错误的决定可能会让公司付出巨
大的代价，并危及其他人的工作。
a weekly visit/trip/radio talk 每周一次的访问/旅行/广播讲话
weekly payments/earnings 每周支付的款项/周收入
a weekly wage of 周薪
a popular news weekly 受欢迎的新闻周刊
on a weekly basis 按每周一次的标准
经典佳句
Food is our biggest weekly household expense.
食物是我们每周最大的家庭开支。
知识拓展
融会应用 单句写作
（1）The newspaper is published _____________.
这份报纸每周出版两次。
（2）The publishers planned to produce the journal _________________.
出版社计划将这份杂志做成周刊。
twice weekly
on a weekly basis
（3）On a Friday， I was at work， attending a big ________________， when my
phone warned.
一个周五，我正在工作，参加一个大型的月度会议，这时我的手机发出了警报。
monthly meeting
知识点2 budget n.预算
（P34）For instance，you will have to work out weekly，monthly and yearly
budgets，and a wrong decision might cost the company a great deal and put other
people's jobs on the line.
例如，你必须计算出每周、每月和每年的预算，一个错误的决定可能会让公司付出巨
大的代价，并危及其他人的工作。
education/advertising budget 教育/广告预算
budget cuts 预算削减
within budget 在预算之内
on a tight budget 预算紧张
under/over budget 低于/超出预算
balance the budget 平衡预算
知识拓展
经典佳句
The work was finished on time and within budget.
工作按时完成且未超出预算。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）We have a very ____________.
我们的预算很紧。
（2）She will design a fantastic new kitchen for you—and all __________________.
她将为你设计一个崭新漂亮的厨房，所有的花费都将在你的预算之内。
tight budget
within your budget
知识点3 loan n.贷款；借款；借出 vt.借出；贷与（尤指钱）
（P34）Also，you will need to make sure any loans you have are repaid on time.
此外，你还需要确保你的贷款都能按时偿还。
make a loan to sb 给某人贷款
get/receive a loan 得到一笔贷款
pay off/repay a loan 还清/偿还贷款
on loan 借来的
loan sth to sb把某物借给某人
知识拓展
经典佳句
It'll be years before they have paid off the loan.
他们要过好几年才能还清贷款。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）The bank is happy to ______________ small businesses.
银行乐于贷款给小型企业。
（2）This picture is ________ from the Louvre to the National Gallery.
这幅画是由卢浮宫借给国家美术馆的。
loan money to
on loan
短 语 句 式
知识点4 weigh up权衡；斟酌
（P34）You may have a brilliant idea，but before you decide to put it into action，it
is wise to weigh up the advantages and disadvantages of this option.
你可能有一个绝妙的主意，但在你决定付诸行动之前，权衡一下这个选择的利弊是明智的。
speed up 加快速度；使加速；加快
hang up 挂断；挂起来
use up 用完；用光；耗尽
make up 补足；构成；编造；组成
eat up 吃光；吃完；耗尽
keep up 保持；维持；继续；坚持
经典佳句
I'm trying to weigh up the advantages and disadvantages of working from home.
我正在努力权衡在家办公的利弊。
知识拓展
融会应用 单句写作
（1）You should __________ the consequences before making this decision.
你应当权衡一下后果再做这个决定。
（2）Perhaps she would like to _________ her own clothes today.
也许她今天愿意把自己的衣服挂起来。
（3）I think it's very unkind of you to _________ stories about him.
我认为你编造关于他的故事是很不友好的。
weigh up
hang up
make up
名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句（Noun Clauses）。名词性从句的功能
相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在
句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语
从句。名词性从句用陈述语序。名词从句常用的引导词：
1.从属连词：that、 whether、 if 等（连接作用，不作成分）；
2.连接代词：who（ever）、 what（ever）、 which（ever）、 whom（ever）等；
3.连接副词：how（ever）、 where（ever）、 when（ever）、 why等。
阅读下列句子，注意黑体部分的用法。
1.Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California， no one really knows.
2.Whether he will win is all the same to me.
3.Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.
4.That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.
5.It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups， but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.
我的发现 以上各句皆为主从复合句，句中用了相当于______作用的从句（即名词
性从句）在句中充当成分。
第1句中名词性从句在句中作______的宾语，第3句中名词性从句在句中作动词的
宾语。
第2句中名词性从句在句中作______，第5句用it作______主语，真正的主语是that
引导的从句。第4句中why引导了______从句。
名词
介词
主语
形式
表语
探究点1 主语从句
主语从句是指在句中作主语的从句。若主语部分结构较长，可以使用形式主语it，
把主语从句放在后面。
Whether the sports meet will be held is not certain now.
运动会是否举行现在还不能确定。
How we can increase our production remains a problem.
我们如何能增加产量仍然是个问题。
Where we shall have the meeting makes no difference.
我们在哪里开会都无所谓。
That she will do well in her exam is certain.=It is certain that she will do well in
her exam.
她在考试中会取得好成绩，这是确定无疑的。
名师点拨
it作形式主语
（1）It+不及物动词或动词短语的适当形式+从句
It seems that...好像是……
It happened that... 碰巧……
It has turned out that... 结果……
（2）It+be+及物动词的过去分词+从句
It is said that... 据说……
It is reported that... 据报道……
It is believed that... 人们认为……
It is hoped that... 大家希望……
It has been proved that... 已证明……
（3）It+be+形容词+从句
It is necessary that... 有必要……
It is clear that... 很清楚……
It is （un）likely that... 很（不太）可能……
It is important that... 重要的是……
（4）It+be+名词词组+that从句
适用该句型的名词词组有a pity、 an honor、a good thing、a fact、a surprise、good
news、 one's duty等。
探究点2 宾语从句
1.作及物动词的宾语
Everyone knows that the earth is made up of matter.
每个人都知道地球是由物质构成的。
2.作介词的宾语
Is there anything wrong in/with what I said？
我所说的有错误之处吗？
These two areas are similar in that they both have high rainfall in summer.
这两个地区夏天降水都很多，在这方面它们相似。
3.放在形容词后。形容词后跟宾语从句的用法只限于少数动态形容词，如sure（确信
的）、certain（肯定的）、afraid（担心的）、confident（有把握的）等。
I'm not certain whether the train will arrive on time.
我不确定火车是否会按时到达。
探究点3 表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语，出现在连系动词之后，一般结构为“主语+连系动词+
表语从句”。可接表语从句的连系动词有be、 look、 remain、 seem、sound等。
The question is whether we can finish the work in time.
问题是我们能否及时完成这项工作。
You look as if you slept badly.
你看上去仿佛没睡好。
The fact remains that we are still not advanced enough.
事实依然是我们还不够先进。
名师点拨
当主句的主语是idea、advice、suggestion、order、request、requirement等名词时，表语
从句的谓语动词应用虚拟语气，即“（should+）动词原形”。
My suggestion is that we （should） have a discussion about this matter instead of
setting it aside.
我的建议是我们应当讨论一下这个问题，而不是把它放在一边。
探究点4 同位语从句
同位语从句用于解释说明某一名词（常表示抽象意义）的内容，总是跟在名词后
面。常见的此类名词有advice、fact、problem、news、idea、belief、suggestion等。
The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.
你认为不动脑筋就能做好这项工作的想法是完全错误的。
We are glad to hear the news that he will come.
听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。
Ⅰ.品句填空
1.It was the first _____________（commercial） available machine to employ artificial
intelligence．
2.Many people are now having trouble making their m_______ house payments．
commercially
onthly
3.The hospital obviously needs to balance the b______ each year．
4.It is common practice for clubs to l_____ out players to sides in the lower
divisions．
5.The affair was settled to the complete satisfaction of the ______（委托人）．
6.The d________ discovered no fewer than 35 fingerprints．
7.We know that taste in art is a __________（主观的） matter．
8.This is the oldest and best-known Web d________ service．
udget
oan
client
etective
subjective
irectory
Ⅱ.用适当的关系词补全下面句子
1.At that time，it seemed as _________ I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.
2.I have no idea ________ he'll come or not．
3.Despite the fact _____ it was raining hard，the football game continued．
4.Couldn't I speak to _________ is in charge of international sales please？
5.At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see
__________ it got any better．
if/though
whether
that
whoever
if/whether
6.She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do _________ it takes to save her
life．
7.The how-to book can be of help to _________ wants to do the job．
8.We should consider the students' request _____ the school library provide more
books on popular science．
9.It is obvious to the students _____ they should get well prepared for their future．
whatever
whoever
that
that
Ⅲ.语法填空
I am going to tell you an unbelievable thing that happened in my restaurant
today.This afternoon a poorly-dressed gentleman came into my restaurant.Nobody knew
1._____he was.We wondered 2._____he was so hungry because we were surprised
3._____ he finished two orders of food in a very limited time. We doubted
4.__________ the man was able to pay the bill.The gentleman asked 5.__________
we would mind waiting for just a few minutes. Then we were shocked to see
6._____ he took out a letter and inside was a million-pound banknote. I asked Mr
Clements 7.__________ it was genuine.Mr Clements said it was true because two
who
why
that
whether/if
whether/if
that
whether/if
banknotes of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year. He
thought 8.______ the gentleman showed couldn't be fake.9.______ a gentleman with a
million-pound banknote was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle
to all the people there.I really couldn't describe10._____ excited I was.
what
Why
howUnit 3 Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化所学语言点,并学以致用。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材的理解,掌握名词性从句的用法。(语言能力)
【合作探究】
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 weekly adj.每周的 adv.每周地 n.周报;周刊 *monthly adj.每月的 n.月刊 adv.每月;每月一次 *yearly adj.每年的 adv.每年;一年一次 n.年刊;年鉴 *daily adj.日常的;每日的 n.日报 adv.日常地;每日;每天
(P34)For instance,you will have to work out weekly,monthly and yearly budgets,and a wrong decision might cost the company a great deal and put other people's jobs on the line.
例如,你必须计算出每周、每月和每年的预算,一个错误的决定可能会让公司付出巨大的代价,并危及其他人的工作。
知识拓展
a weekly visit/trip/radio talk 每周一次的访问/旅行/广播讲话
weekly payments/earnings 每周支付的款项/周收入
a weekly wage of 周薪
a popular news weekly 受欢迎的新闻周刊
on a weekly basis 按每周一次的标准
经典佳句
Food is our biggest weekly household expense.
食物是我们每周最大的家庭开支。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)The newspaper is published .
这份报纸每周出版两次。
(2)The publishers planned to produce the journal .
出版社计划将这份杂志做成周刊。
(3)On a Friday, I was at work, attending a big , when my phone warned.
一个周五,我正在工作,参加一个大型的月度会议,这时我的手机发出了警报。
答案 (1)twice weekly (2)on a weekly basis
(3)monthly meeting
知识点2 budget n.预算
(P34)For instance,you will have to work out weekly,monthly and yearly budgets,and a wrong decision might cost the company a great deal and put other people's jobs on the line.
例如,你必须计算出每周、每月和每年的预算,一个错误的决定可能会让公司付出巨大的代价,并危及其他人的工作。
知识拓展
education/advertising budget 教育/广告预算
budget cuts 预算削减
within budget 在预算之内
on a tight budget 预算紧张
under/over budget 低于/超出预算
balance the budget 平衡预算
经典佳句
The work was finished on time and within budget.
工作按时完成且未超出预算。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)We have a very .
我们的预算很紧。
(2)She will design a fantastic new kitchen for you—and all .
她将为你设计一个崭新漂亮的厨房,所有的花费都将在你的预算之内。
答案 (1)tight budget (2)within your budget
知识点3 loan n.贷款;借款;借出 vt.借出;贷与(尤指钱)
(P34)Also,you will need to make sure any loans you have are repaid on time.
此外,你还需要确保你的贷款都能按时偿还。
知识拓展
make a loan to sb 给某人贷款
get/receive a loan 得到一笔贷款
pay off/repay a loan 还清/偿还贷款
on loan 借来的
loan sth to sb把某物借给某人
经典佳句
It'll be years before they have paid off the loan.
他们要过好几年才能还清贷款。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)The bank is happy to small businesses.
银行乐于贷款给小型企业。
(2)This picture is from the Louvre to the National Gallery.
这幅画是由卢浮宫借给国家美术馆的。
答案 (1)loan money to (2)on loan
短 语 句 式
知识点4 weigh up权衡;斟酌
(P34)You may have a brilliant idea,but before you decide to put it into action,it is wise to weigh up the advantages and disadvantages of this option.
你可能有一个绝妙的主意,但在你决定付诸行动之前,权衡一下这个选择的利弊是明智的。
知识拓展
speed up 加快速度;使加速;加快
hang up 挂断;挂起来
use up 用完;用光;耗尽
make up 补足;构成;编造;组成
eat up 吃光;吃完;耗尽
keep up 保持;维持;继续;坚持
经典佳句
I'm trying to weigh up the advantages and disadvantages of working from home.
我正在努力权衡在家办公的利弊。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)You should the consequences before making this decision.
你应当权衡一下后果再做这个决定。
(2)Perhaps she would like to her own clothes today.
也许她今天愿意把自己的衣服挂起来。
(3)I think it's very unkind of you to stories about him.
我认为你编造关于他的故事是很不友好的。
答案 (1)weigh up (2)hang up (3)make up
语法探究
名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses)。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句用陈述语序。名词从句常用的引导词:
1.从属连词:that、 whether、 if 等(连接作用,不作成分);
2.连接代词:who(ever)、 what(ever)、 which(ever)、 whom(ever)等;
3.连接副词:how(ever)、 where(ever)、 when(ever)、 why等。
自主探究
阅读下列句子,注意黑体部分的用法。
1.Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows.
2.Whether he will win is all the same to me.
3.Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.
4.That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.
5.It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.
我的发现
以上各句皆为主从复合句,句中用了相当于 作用的从句(即名词性从句)在句中充当成分。
第1句中名词性从句在句中作 的宾语,第3句中名词性从句在句中作动词的宾语。
第2句中名词性从句在句中作 ,第5句用it作 主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句。第4句中why引导了 从句。
答案 名词;介词;主语;形式;表语
探究点1 主语从句
主语从句是指在句中作主语的从句。若主语部分结构较长,可以使用形式主语it,把主语从句放在后面。
Whether the sports meet will be held is not certain now.
运动会是否举行现在还不能确定。
How we can increase our production remains a problem.
我们如何能增加产量仍然是个问题。
Where we shall have the meeting makes no difference.
我们在哪里开会都无所谓。
That she will do well in her exam is certain.=It is certain that she will do well in her exam.
她在考试中会取得好成绩,这是确定无疑的。
名师点拨
it作形式主语
(1)It+不及物动词或动词短语的适当形式+从句
It seems that...好像是……
It happened that... 碰巧……
It has turned out that... 结果……
(2)It+be+及物动词的过去分词+从句
It is said that... 据说……
It is reported that... 据报道……
It is believed that... 人们认为……
It is hoped that... 大家希望……
It has been proved that... 已证明……
(3)It+be+形容词+从句
It is necessary that... 有必要……
It is clear that... 很清楚……
It is (un)likely that... 很(不太)可能……
It is important that... 重要的是……
(4)It+be+名词词组+that从句
适用该句型的名词词组有a pity、 an honor、a good thing、a fact、a surprise、good news、 one's duty等。
探究点2 宾语从句
1.作及物动词的宾语
Everyone knows that the earth is made up of matter.
每个人都知道地球是由物质构成的。
2.作介词的宾语
Is there anything wrong in/with what I said
我所说的有错误之处吗
These two areas are similar in that they both have high rainfall in summer.
这两个地区夏天降水都很多,在这方面它们相似。
3.放在形容词后。形容词后跟宾语从句的用法只限于少数动态形容词,如sure(确信的)、certain(肯定的)、afraid(担心的)、confident(有把握的)等。
I'm not certain whether the train will arrive on time.
我不确定火车是否会按时到达。
探究点3 表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语,出现在连系动词之后,一般结构为“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。可接表语从句的连系动词有be、 look、 remain、 seem、sound等。
The question is whether we can finish the work in time.
问题是我们能否及时完成这项工作。
You look as if you slept badly.
你看上去仿佛没睡好。
The fact remains that we are still not advanced enough.
事实依然是我们还不够先进。
名师点拨
当主句的主语是idea、advice、suggestion、order、request、requirement等名词时,表语从句的谓语动词应用虚拟语气,即“(should+)动词原形”。
My suggestion is that we (should) have a discussion about this matter instead of setting it aside.
我的建议是我们应当讨论一下这个问题,而不是把它放在一边。
探究点4 同位语从句
同位语从句用于解释说明某一名词(常表示抽象意义)的内容,总是跟在名词后面。常见的此类名词有advice、fact、problem、news、idea、belief、suggestion等。
The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.
你认为不动脑筋就能做好这项工作的想法是完全错误的。
We are glad to hear the news that he will come.
听到他要来这个消息我们很高兴。
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.品句填空
1.It was the first (commercial) available machine to employ artificial intelligence.
2.Many people are now having trouble making their m house payments.
3.The hospital obviously needs to balance the b each year.
4.It is common practice for clubs to l out players to sides in the lower divisions.
5.The affair was settled to the complete satisfaction of the (委托人).
6.The d discovered no fewer than 35 fingerprints.
7.We know that taste in art is a (主观的) matter.
8.This is the oldest and best-known Web d service.
答案 1.commercially 2.monthly 3.budget 4.loan 5.client 6.detective 7.subjective 8.directory
Ⅱ.用适当的关系词补全下面句子
1.At that time,it seemed as I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.
2.I have no idea he'll come or not.
3.Despite the fact it was raining hard,the football game continued.
4.Couldn't I speak to is in charge of international sales please
5.At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see it got any better.
6.She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.
7.The how-to book can be of help to wants to do the job.
8.We should consider the students' request the school library provide more books on popular science.
9.It is obvious to the students they should get well prepared for their future.
答案 1.if/though 2.whether 3.that 4.whoever
5.if/whether 6.whatever 7.whoever 8.that
9.that
Ⅲ.语法填空
I am going to tell you an unbelievable thing that happened in my restaurant today.This afternoon a poorly-dressed gentleman came into my restaurant.Nobody knew 1. he was.We wondered2. he was so hungry because we were surprised 3. he finished two orders of food in a very limited time. We doubted 4. the man was able to pay the bill.The gentleman asked 5. we would mind waiting for just a few minutes. Then we were shocked to see 6. he took out a letter and inside was a million-pound banknote. I asked Mr Clements 7. it was genuine.Mr Clements said it was true because two banknotes of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year. He thought 8. the gentleman showed couldn't be fake.9. a gentleman with a million-pound banknote was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there.I really couldn't describe10. excited I was.
答案 1.who 2.why 3.that 4.whether/if
5.whether/if 6.that 7.whether/if 8.what
9.Why 10.how
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