(共58张PPT)
UNIT 2 Understanding each other
Section Ⅴ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
1.通过分析课文结构，了解文本大意，培养略读和查读等阅读能力。（语言能力, 学习
能力）
2.通过分析课文细节，培养分析长难句的能力。（学习能力）
3.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。（语言能力）
Ⅰ.基础单词
1.bilingual adj.____________________________________
2.tribe n.______
3.Germanic adj.____________________
会说两种语言的；用两种语言（写）的
部落
日耳曼语的；德国的
4.______ n.咸猪肉；熏猪肉
5._____ n.坦克；（贮放液体或气体的）罐
6._____ n.高尔夫球运动
7._____ n.豆腐
8._________ vt.& vi.（使）合并；（使）加入
9.___________ n.干涉行为；干预
10.___________ adj.悲观的；悲观主义的
bacon
tank
golf
tofu
integrate
intervention
pessimistic
11.________ n.语言学家；通晓数国语言的人
12.________ n.食堂；餐厅
13.__________ n.滑板
14._____ vi.滑倒；滑落；溜；陷入 n.差错；纸条；滑跤
15.______ n.栅栏；篱笆
16._______ n.比赛；竞赛；争夺；竞争 vt.争取赢得；争辩；就……提出异议
linguist
canteen
skateboard
slip
fence
contest
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1._______ vt.反对；抵制；与……对垒→________ adj.截然不同的；强烈反对的
→________ adj.对面的；相反的 n.对立的人（或物）；对立面 prep.与……相对；
在……对面
oppose
opposed
opposite
2._____ adj.纯净的；完全的→_______ vt.净化→_______ adv.仅仅；完全→______ n.
纯净
pure
purify
purely
purity
3.______ vt.拒绝接受；不予考虑；不录用；排斥；排异→_________ n.拒绝
4._________ n.趋势；趋向；倾向；偏好→_____ vi.往往会；趋向 vt.照顾
5._________ adv.真诚地；诚实地→_______ adj.真诚的；诚实的→_________ n.真诚；
诚意
reject
rejection
tendency
tend
sincerely
sincere
sincerity
1._________________投诉
2._______________发出警告
3.__________________发出邀请
4.________________认错；赔罪
make a complaint
give a warning
make an invitation
make an apology
5.________________________倾向于做某事
6._________________被融合到……中
7._________________采取干预措施
8.___________________对于……感到悲观
9.____________不时髦的
have a tendency to do sth
be integrated into
make interventions
be pessimistic about
out of style
1.This comes as no surprise, given that English has borrowed words from more than 300 different languages, including Latin, Greek, French and Chinese.（given引导条件状语从句）
翻译 鉴于英语中有300多种不同语言的外来词,包括拉丁语、希腊语、法语和汉语,这一点也不奇怪。
仿写 ___________ he doesn't agree to do it, we shall do it alone.
考虑到他不同意做这个,我们就自己做吧。
Given that
2.The longera borrowed word has been in use, the more it sounds and even looks like the native language.（the+比较级，the+比较级）
翻译 外来词使用的时间越长，听起来甚至看起来就越像母语。
仿写 __________ we do for the people,___________ we'll be.
我们为人民做得越多，就越幸福。
The more
the happier
3.It is also through those words that novel ideas are spread and different beliefs are exchanged more conveniently and quickly.（强调句型）
翻译 也正是通过那些词，新思想的传播、不同观点的交流得以更加便捷。
仿写 _____________________________________ we learn from each other and grow
closer.
正是通过文化的交流，我们才得以互相学习，增进关系。
It is through cultural communication that
文本整体理解，关注布局谋篇
Read the passage on Pages 25-26 and match the main idea with each paragraph.
A.Some language communities oppose adopting words from other cultures.
B.Borrowing words is complex and it takes time before new words are integrated into everyday speech.
C.Borrowed words can be found in almost all languages.
D.Other languages readily welcome borrowed words.
E.Word borrowing comes about when two cultures with different languages interact.
F.The tendency to borrow words has never gone out of style.
1.Para.1( )
2.Para.2( )
3.Para.3( )
4.Para.4( )
5.Para.5( )
6.Para.6( )
C
E
B
A
D
F
核 心 单 词
知识点1 oppose vt.反对；抵制；与……对垒＊opposed adj.强烈反对的；截然不同的
（P25）Borrowed words are an outcome of language development that can hardly be
avoided， but some language communities oppose adopting words from other cultures.
虽然外来词是语言发展过程中几乎不可避免的结果，但一些语言群体反对采用来自其
他文化的词汇。
知识拓展
oppose sth/doing sth 反对（做）某事
oppose sb doing sth 反对某人做某事
be opposed to 反对……；与……对立（to为介词）
经典佳句
Mr Taylor was not bitter towards those who had opposed him.
泰勒先生对那些曾经反对过他的人并未怀恨在心。
名师点拨
表示反对的其他表达有disagree with、object to、be against等。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The parents strongly opposed their daughter ______ （go） there alone.
（2）The mayor is strongly opposed to ________ （build） a new hall, which may
cost a lot of money.
（3）The senior students strongly objected to _____________ （treat） unfairly by
others.
going
building
being treated
知识点2 integrate vt.&vi.（使）合并；（使）加入
（P25）Though borrowing words has become faster, the process is still complex, and
it takes time before new words are integrated into everyday speech.
虽然借词已变得更快，但是过程仍然复杂，新词需要一段时间才能融入日常用语中。
知识拓展
integrate... into/with... 使……融入……中；把……和……融为一体
经典佳句
Many children with learning difficulties are integrated into/with ordinary schools.
许多有学习困难的儿童被纳入普通学校。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The buildings _____________（integrate）with the landscape very well.
（2）__________ （integrate） the kids with the community is essential.
are integrated
Integrating
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）They had begun to _____________________________________.
他们已经开始将团队合作融入他们的比赛中。
integrate teamwork into/with their games
知识点3 intervention n.干涉行为；干预＊intervene v.干预；干涉；插话
（P25）There are countries that make interventions to keep their native language
pure in order to defend their identity.
有些国家采取干预措施来保持其母语的纯正，以捍卫其身份。
知识拓展
government intervention 政府干预
surgical intervention 手术治疗
administrative intervention 行政干预
intervene in 干预；介入
经典佳句
His intervention brought their quarrel to a climax.
他的介入使他们的争吵达到高潮。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）It calls for our ______________ tourist behavior that destroys public facilities
and the environment.
这呼吁我们对破坏公共设施和环境的旅游行为进行干预。
intervention in
（2）The problem lies in deciding _________________.
问题在于决定何时介入。
when to intervene
知识点4 reject v.拒绝接受；不予考虑；不录用；排斥；排异＊rejection n.拒绝
（P26）Under this circumstance， it becomes a matter of survival for the native
language to reject outside influences.
在这种情况下，母语抵制外来的影响就成了关乎生存的问题。
知识拓展
reject an argument/a decision/an offer/a suggestion 拒绝接受一个论点/一个决定/一项
提议/一个建议
经典佳句
It is up to you to accept or reject the proposals.
接受或是拒绝这些建议由你决定。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Be prepared for lots of _________（reject） before you land a job.
（2）All our suggestions _____________（reject） out of hand.
（3）Children who have had bad experiences fear _________（reject）.
rejections
were rejected
rejection
知识点5 tendency n.趋势；趋向；倾向；偏好＊tend v.倾向；易于；照顾；护理
（P26）“It would be difficult to point to a completely isolated language...” For better
or for worse， the tendency to borrow words has never gone out of style.
“很难指出一种完全孤立的语言……”无论好坏，借词的趋势向从未过时。
知识拓展
tend to do sth 倾向于做某事
tend towards/to 倾向于；趋于
tend sb/sth 照顾或护理某人/某物
There is a growing tendency for sb to do sth. 某人做某事的趋势日益增长。
经典佳句
I have a tendency to talk too much when I'm nervous.
我紧张时总爱唠叨。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Janet tends _______ （get） very angry if you disagree with her.
（2）She is a nurse careful enough ________ （tend） patients.
（3）There is a growing _________ （tend） for people to work at home instead of
in offices.
（4）It means that more heat energy ______ （tend） to be trapped in the
atmosphere, causing the global temperature to go up.
to get
to tend
tendency
tends
知识点6 slip vi.滑倒；滑落；溜；陷入
（P27）When I was trying out your skateboard， I slipped.
我试你的滑板时滑倒了。
知识拓展
let slip 错过；泄露
slip from... 从……滑落/脱落
slip off 偷偷跑掉
slip away 溜掉；消失
slip one's mind 被某人遗忘
经典佳句
I grabbed him，but he slipped from my grasp.
我紧抓着他，可他还是从我手里溜掉了。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）Cally ____________his grasp and fled.
卡利从他手中挣脱逃跑了。
（2）The reason for my visit had obviously ________________.
我到访的原因显然已被他忘了。
（3）Don't ________ such a golden opportunity.
不要错过这样一个千载难逢的机会。
slipped from
slipped his mind
let slip
知识点7 contest n.比赛；竞赛；争夺；竞争 vt.争取赢得；争辩；就……提出异议
（P27） ... he has a contest this weekend! ……他这周末有一场比赛!
知识拓展
hold a contest 举行比赛
enter/win/lose a contest 参加/赢得/输掉比赛
a contest between... ……之间的较量
a fiercely contested match 竞争激烈的比赛
经典佳句
John decided to hold a contest to see who could write the best song.It is clear that
it will be a fiercely contested match.
约翰决定举行一场比赛，看谁能够写出最棒的歌。很明显，这将是一场竞争激烈的比赛。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）_________________________goes through to the grand final.
每场比赛的获胜者进入总决赛。
（2）He won a ______________ at his school.
他在学校的一场演讲比赛中获胜。
The winner of each contest
speech contest
短 语 句 式
知识点8 强调句型
（P26）It is also through those words that novel ideas are spread and different
beliefs are exchanged more conveniently and quickly.
也正是通过那些词，新思想的传播和不同观点的交流才得以更加便捷。
知识拓展
（1）强调句型的基本结构：It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分。强调句型
多用于强调句子的主语、宾语和状语。
（2）强调句型的一般疑问句：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分？
（3）强调句型的特殊疑问句：疑问词（被强调部分）+is/was+it+that+句子其他部分？
（4）not...until...结构的强调句型：It is/was not until...that...。
It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the
passenger seat.
直到汽车停在我们的房子前时，我们才看见莉莉坐在乘客座上。
Was it you who let out the secret to her
是你把这个秘密泄露给她的吗？
Where was it that you met your parents
你是在什么地方见到你父母的？
融会应用 用强调句型强调下列句子中的画线部分
（1）I didn't leave until he came.
[答案] It was not until he came that I left.
（2）Whodoes this place belong to
[答案] Who is it that this place belongs to
（3）I wonder what you were doing at this time yesterday.
[答案] I wonder what it was that you were doing at this time yesterday.
（4）He came to see us yesterday.
[答案] It was yesterday that he came to see us.
Ⅰ.品句填空
1.Do you want ______（熏猪肉） and eggs for breakfast？
2.The incident was used as a pretext for ___________（干涉） in the area.
bacon
intervention
3.Not everyone is so ___________（悲观的） about the future.
4.Many l________ have looked at language in this way.
5.They worried about the p_____ of tap water.
6.They have a t________ to show off and to dramatize almost every situation.
7.I s________ believe that this is the right decision.
pessimistic
inguists
urity
endency
incerely
Ⅱ.选词填空
be pessimistic about; be based on; out of style; under this circumstance; at a faster
pace
1.In order to run faster， you need to train _______________.
2.______________________， more and more companies pay attention to industrial
design.
3.The doctors ___________________ his chances of recovery.
4.The novel ____________a true story.
5.A new study shows that we keep using our old devices well after they go
____________.
at a faster pace
Under this circumstance
are pessimistic about
is based on
out of style
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.Most importantly， perhaps， healthy people take active responsibility for all
matters __________ their health.
也许，最重要的是，身体健康的人对与自己的健康相关的所有事情都积极尽责。
related to
2.There are no ______________ the amount of money you can withdraw.
你可以提取的金额没有限制。
restrictions on
3.I like this course because it is _________ history and current events.
我之所以喜欢这门课程，是因为它将历史和时事结合了起来。
4.There is __________________ among employers to hire casual staff.
雇主雇用临时职员有增加的趋势。
5.This award must ______________ everyone who strives for justice and dignity.
这个奖项必须与每一个为正义和尊严而奋斗的人分享。
a mix of
a growing tendency
be shared with
Ⅳ.语法填空
Word borrowing comes about 1.______two cultures with different languages
interact.This tends to happen when there is no 2.________（suit） word for an object
or idea in the native tongue.This phenomenon has been 3._________（occur） for
thousands of years.In the current age of globalization，when communications
technology brings different 4.________ （culture） closer together，words are even
more likely to be borrowed straight from the source language at a faster pace than
ever before，especially those 5._______（relate） to technological developments，such
as “email” and “Internet”.
when
suitable
occurring
cultures
related
Though borrowing words has become faster，the process is still complex，and it
takes time before new words are 6.__________（integrate） into everyday speech.At
first，the borrowed word is only used by bilingual speakers. It then spreads to people
7._________ do not know the original language，and they will change the
pronunciation to fit the way they speak， almost unknowingly.
While some communities are pessimistic about the exchange between languages，
there are also other languages that readily welcome 8._________ （borrow） words.
integrated
who/that
borrowed
In fact， there have never been any formal academic restrictions on new
borrowed words.Borrowing words allows the language to continue to develop，
9._________（enable） the community to have a more efficient language which
allows them to share their experiences with new-found ease. It is also through those
words 10._____ novel ideas are spread and different beliefs are exchanged more
conveniently and quickly.
enabling
that
1.The Egyptian Environment Minister, Yasmine Fouad, called for rallying all official
and unofficial international, regional and national efforts to reformulate a multi-faceted
system that would allow current generations to obtain their rights to development and
clean environment, along with nature resources.
埃及环境部长Yasmine Fouad呼吁召集所有官方和非官方的国际、地区和国家组织做出
努力，重新制定一个多方面的制度，使当代人们能够获得发展和清洁环境的权利以及
自然资源。
2.The phone can fold into the size of a wallet and fit in most people's pockets or
bags.
这款手机可以折叠成钱包大小，放进大多数人的口袋或包里。
世界名著《呼啸山庄》（Wuthering Heights）是英国女作家勃朗特姐妹之一艾米
莉·勃朗特的作品，是19世纪英国文学的代表作之一。小说全篇充满强烈的反压迫、争
幸福的斗争精神，又始终笼罩着离奇、紧张的浪漫气氛。
Ellen Dean's story—Catherine and Heathcliff as children
1770 When I was a child，I was always at Wuthering Heights，because my
mother was a servant with the Earnshaw family.They are a very old family who have
lived in that house for centuries, as you can see from their names on the stone over
the front door.I grew up with Catherine and Hindley Earnshaw， and we three played
together as children.
One day，their father Mr Earnshaw came back from a long journey.He had
travelled sixty miles to Liverpool and back on business， and was very tired.
“Look what I've brought you！” he told us all，unwrapping① something he was
holding carefully in his arms.Catherine and Hindley were expecting presents, and they
rushed eagerly② to see what it was. They were very disappointed to see only a dirty,
black-haired gipsy③ child.
“I found him all alone in the busy streets of Liverpool，” Mr Earnshaw
explained to them，“and I couldn't leave him to die.He can sleep in your room.” But
Hindley and Catherine were angry because they had not received any presents， and
refused to let the strange child share their room.However Mr Earnshaw insisted， and
little by little the boy became accepted by the family.He was called Heathcliff，as a
first and last name.No one ever discovered who his parents had been.
Catherine and he became great friends，but Hindley hated him， and was often
cruel to him.Old Mr Earnshaw was strangely fond of this gipsy child， and
frequently punished his son for behaving badly to Heathcliff.Hindley began to be
jealous④ of his father's feelings for Heathcliff， and saw them both as enemies.
艾伦·迪恩的故事——凯瑟琳和希斯克利夫的童年
1770年 我小时候一直在呼啸山庄，因为我母亲在欧肖家做佣人。欧肖家是一个很
古老的家族，在那幢宅子住了好几百年，你能从门前石头上刻着的名字看出来。我是
同凯瑟琳和亨德雷·欧肖一起长大的，小时候我们仨都在一起玩儿。
一天，他们的父亲欧肖先生出远门回来。他步行了六十英里去利物浦办事后又赶
回来， 非常疲倦。
“看我给你们带来了什么！”他一边对我们大家说，一边打开了怀里小心抱着的东
西。凯瑟琳和亨德雷正盼望着是礼物呢，兴冲冲地围上来看到底是什么东西。当他们
只看到一个脏兮兮、黑头发的吉卜赛孩子时，他们大失所望。
“我看到他孤零零地待在利物浦繁忙的街头，”欧肖先生对他们解释说，“我总不能
让他就那么死了吧。他可以睡在你们的房里。”但亨德雷和凯瑟琳气恼没有得到礼物，
不肯让这个陌生的孩子睡在他们的房间。但在欧肖先生的坚持下，一家人还是渐渐地
接受了这个孩子。大家都叫他希斯克利夫，既是名， 也是姓。始终没人搞清楚他的父
母是谁。
凯瑟琳和他成了好朋友，但亨德雷不喜欢他，对他常常很粗暴。老欧肖先生异乎
寻常地喜欢这个吉卜赛孩子，时常因为自己的儿子对希斯克利夫不友善而惩罚他。亨
德雷开始嫉妒他父亲对希斯克利夫的感情，视他俩为敌。
①unwrap vt.打开
②eagerly adv.渴望地；热切地
③gipsy n.吉卜赛人
④jealous adj.妒忌的
艾米莉·勃朗特（Emily Bronte）是19世纪英国的一位诗人和小说家。她在这个世
界上仅仅度过了三十年，便默默无声地离开了人间。她写过一些极为深沉的抒情诗，
包括叙事诗和短诗。
她与《简·爱》（Jane Eyre）的作者夏洛蒂·勃朗特（Charlotte Bronte）及她们的
小妹妹——《艾格尼丝·格雷》（Agnes Grey）的作者安妮·勃朗特（Anne Bronte）并
称“勃朗特三姐妹”，在英国19世纪文坛上焕发异彩。Unit 2 Section Ⅴ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【学习目标】
1.通过分析课文结构,了解文本大意,培养略读和查读等阅读能力。(语言能力, 学习能力)
2.通过分析课文细节,培养分析长难句的能力。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
Ⅰ.基础单词
1.bilingual adj.
2.tribe n.
3.Germanic adj.
4. n.咸猪肉;熏猪肉
5. n.坦克;(贮放液体或气体的)罐
6. n.高尔夫球运动
7. n.豆腐
8. vt.& vi.(使)合并;(使)加入
9. n.干涉行为;干预
10. adj.悲观的;悲观主义的
11. n.语言学家;通晓数国语言的人
12. n.食堂;餐厅
13. n.滑板
14. vi.滑倒;滑落;溜;陷入 n.差错;纸条;滑跤
15. n.栅栏;篱笆
16. n.比赛;竞赛;争夺;竞争 vt.争取赢得;争辩;就……提出异议
答案 1.会说两种语言的;用两种语言(写)的 2.部落 3.日耳曼语的;德国的 4.bacon 5.tank
6.golf 7.tofu 8.integrate 9.intervention
10.pessimistic 11.linguist 12.canteen 13.skateboard
14.slip 15.fence 16.contest
Ⅱ.拓展单词
1. vt.反对;抵制;与……对垒→ adj.截然不同的;强烈反对的→ adj.对面的;相反的 n.对立的人(或物);对立面 prep.与……相对;在……对面
2. adj.纯净的;完全的→ vt.净化→ adv.仅仅;完全→ n.纯净
3. vt.拒绝接受;不予考虑;不录用;排斥;排异→ n.拒绝
4. n.趋势;趋向;倾向;偏好→ vi.往往会;趋向 vt.照顾
5. adv.真诚地;诚实地→ adj.真诚的;诚实的→ n.真诚;诚意
答案 1.oppose; opposed; opposite 2.pure;purify;purely;purity 3.reject; rejection 4.tendency; tend 5.sincerely; sincere; sincerity
Step 2 短语记诵
1. 投诉
2. 发出警告
3. 发出邀请
4. 认错;赔罪
5. 倾向于做某事
6. 被融合到……中
7. 采取干预措施
8. 对于……感到悲观
9. 不时髦的
答案 1.make a complaint 2.give a warning
3.make an invitation 4.make an apology 5.have a tendency to do sth 6.be integrated into 7.make interventions 8.be pessimistic about 9.out of style
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.This comes as no surprise, given that English has borrowed words from more than 300 different languages, including Latin, Greek, French and Chinese.(given引导条件状语从句)
翻译 鉴于英语中有300多种不同语言的外来词,包括拉丁语、希腊语、法语和汉语,这一点也不奇怪。
仿写 he doesn't agree to do it, we shall do it alone.
考虑到他不同意做这个,我们就自己做吧。
2.The longer a borrowed word has been in use, the more it sounds and even looks like the native language.(the+比较级,the+比较级)
翻译 外来词使用的时间越长,听起来甚至看起来就越像母语。
仿写 we do for the people, we'll be.
我们为人民做得越多,就越幸福。
3.It is also through those words that novel ideas are spread and different beliefs are exchanged more conveniently and quickly.(强调句型)
翻译 也正是通过那些词,新思想的传播、不同观点的交流得以更加便捷。
仿写 we learn from each other and grow closer.
正是通过文化的交流,我们才得以互相学习,增进关系。
答案 1.Given that 2.The more;the happier 3.It is through cultural communication that
【合作探究】
语篇研读
文本整体理解,关注布局谋篇
Read the passage on Pages 25-26 and match the main idea with each paragraph.
( )1.Para.1 ( )2.Para.2
( )3.Para.3 ( )4.Para.4
( )5.Para.5 ( )6.Para.6
A.Some language communities oppose adopting words from other cultures.
B.Borrowing words is complex and it takes time before new words are integrated into everyday speech.
C.Borrowed words can be found in almost all languages.
D.Other languages readily welcome borrowed words.
E.Word borrowing comes about when two cultures with different languages interact.
F.The tendency to borrow words has never gone out of style.
答案 1~6 CEBADF
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 oppose vt.反对;抵制;与……对垒 *opposed adj.强烈反对的;截然不同的
(P25)Borrowed words are an outcome of language development that can hardly be avoided, but some language communities oppose adopting words from other cultures.
虽然外来词是语言发展过程中几乎不可避免的结果,但一些语言群体反对采用来自其他文化的词汇。
知识拓展
oppose sth/doing sth 反对(做)某事
oppose sb doing sth 反对某人做某事
be opposed to 反对……;与……对立(to为介词)
经典佳句
Mr Taylor was not bitter towards those who had opposed him.
泰勒先生对那些曾经反对过他的人并未怀恨在心。
名师点拨
表示反对的其他表达有disagree with、object to、be against等。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The parents strongly opposed their daughter (go) there alone.
(2)The mayor is strongly opposed to (build) a new hall, which may cost a lot of money.
(3)The senior students strongly objected to (treat) unfairly by others.
答案 (1)going (2)building (3)being treated
知识点2 integrate vt.&vi.(使)合并;(使)加入
(P25)Though borrowing words has become faster, the process is still complex, and it takes time before new words are integrated into everyday speech.
虽然借词已变得更快,但是过程仍然复杂,新词需要一段时间才能融入日常用语中。
知识拓展
integrate... into/with... 使……融入……中;把……和……融为一体
经典佳句
Many children with learning difficulties are integrated into/with ordinary schools.
许多有学习困难的儿童被纳入普通学校。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The buildings (integrate)with the landscape very well.
(2) (integrate) the kids with the community is essential.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)They had begun to .
他们已经开始将团队合作融入他们的比赛中。
答案 (1)are integrated (2)Integrating
(3)integrate teamwork into/with their games
知识点3 intervention n.干涉行为;干预 *intervene v.干预;干涉;插话
(P25)There are countries that make interventions to keep their native language pure in order to defend their identity.
有些国家采取干预措施来保持其母语的纯正,以捍卫其身份。
知识拓展
government intervention 政府干预
surgical intervention 手术治疗
administrative intervention 行政干预
intervene in 干预;介入
经典佳句
His intervention brought their quarrel to a climax.
他的介入使他们的争吵达到高潮。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)It calls for our tourist behavior that destroys public facilities and the environment.
这呼吁我们对破坏公共设施和环境的旅游行为进行干预。
(2)The problem lies in deciding .
问题在于决定何时介入。
答案 (1)intervention in (2)when to intervene
知识点4 reject v.拒绝接受;不予考虑;不录用;排斥;排异 *rejection n.拒绝
(P26)Under this circumstance, it becomes a matter of survival for the native language to reject outside influences.
在这种情况下,母语抵制外来的影响就成了关乎生存的问题。
知识拓展
reject an argument/a decision/an offer/a suggestion 拒绝接受一个论点/一个决定/一项提议/一个建议
经典佳句
It is up to you to accept or reject the proposals.
接受或是拒绝这些建议由你决定。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Be prepared for lots of (reject) before you land a job.
(2)All our suggestions (reject) out of hand.
(3)Children who have had bad experiences fear (reject).
答案 (1)rejections (2)were rejected
(3)rejection
知识点5 tendency n.趋势;趋向;倾向;偏好 *tend v.倾向;易于;照顾;护理
(P26)“It would be difficult to point to a completely isolated language...” For better or for worse, the tendency to borrow words has never gone out of style.
“很难指出一种完全孤立的语言……”无论好坏,借词的趋势向从未过时。
知识拓展
tend to do sth 倾向于做某事
tend towards/to 倾向于;趋于
tend sb/sth 照顾或护理某人/某物
There is a growing tendency for sb to do sth. 某人做某事的趋势日益增长。
经典佳句
I have a tendency to talk too much when I'm nervous.
我紧张时总爱唠叨。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Janet tends (get) very angry if you disagree with her.
(2)She is a nurse careful enough (tend) patients.
(3)There is a growing (tend) for people to work at home instead of in offices.
(4)It means that more heat energy (tend) to be trapped in the atmosphere, causing the global temperature to go up.
答案 (1)to get (2)to tend (3)tendency
(4)tends
知识点6 slip vi.滑倒;滑落;溜;陷入
(P27)When I was trying out your skateboard, I slipped.
我试你的滑板时滑倒了。
知识拓展
let slip 错过;泄露
slip from... 从……滑落/脱落
slip off 偷偷跑掉
slip away 溜掉;消失
slip one's mind 被某人遗忘
经典佳句
I grabbed him, but he slipped from my grasp.
我紧抓着他,可他还是从我手里溜掉了。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)Cally his grasp and fled.
卡利从他手中挣脱逃跑了。
(2)The reason for my visit had obviously .
我到访的原因显然已被他忘了。
(3)Don't such a golden opportunity.
不要错过这样一个千载难逢的机会。
答案 (1)slipped from (2)slipped his mind (3)let slip
知识点7 contest n.比赛;竞赛;争夺;竞争 vt.争取赢得;争辩;就……提出异议
(P27) ... he has a contest this weekend!
……他这周末有一场比赛!
知识拓展
hold a contest 举行比赛
enter/win/lose a contest 参加/赢得/输掉比赛
a contest between... ……之间的较量
a fiercely contested match 竞争激烈的比赛
经典佳句
John decided to hold a contest to see who could write the best song.It is clear that it will be a fiercely contested match.
约翰决定举行一场比赛,看谁能够写出最棒的歌。很明显,这将是一场竞争激烈的比赛。
融会应用 单句写作
(1) goes through to the grand final.
每场比赛的获胜者进入总决赛。
(2)He won a at his school.
他在学校的一场演讲比赛中获胜。
答案 (1)The winner of each contest (2)speech contest
短 语 句 式
知识点8 强调句型
(P26)It is also through those words that novel ideas are spread and different beliefs are exchanged more conveniently and quickly.
也正是通过那些词,新思想的传播和不同观点的交流才得以更加便捷。
知识拓展
(1)强调句型的基本结构:It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分。强调句型多用于强调句子的主语、宾语和状语。
(2)强调句型的一般疑问句:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分
(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句:疑问词(被强调部分)+is/was+it+that+句子其他部分
(4)not...until...结构的强调句型:It is/was not until...that...。
It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
直到汽车停在我们的房子前时,我们才看见莉莉坐在乘客座上。
Was it you who let out the secret to her
是你把这个秘密泄露给她的吗
Where was it that you met your parents
你是在什么地方见到你父母的
融会应用 用强调句型强调下列句子中的画线部分
(1)I didn't leave until he came.
_______________________________________________________________________________
(2)Who does this place belong to
_______________________________________________________________________________
(3)I wonder what you were doing at this time yesterday.
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
(4)He came to see us yesterday.
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案
(1)It was not until he came that I left.
(2)Who is it that this place belongs to
(3)I wonder what it was that you were doing at this time yesterday.
(4)It was yesterday that he came to see us.
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.品句填空
1.Do you want (熏猪肉) and eggs for breakfast
2.The incident was used as a pretext for (干涉) in the area.
3.Not everyone is so (悲观的) about the future.
4.Many l have looked at language in this way.
5.They worried about the p of tap water.
6.They have a t to show off and to dramatize almost every situation.
7.I s believe that this is the right decision.
答案 1.bacon 2.intervention 3.pessimistic
4.linguists 5.purity 6.tendency 7.sincerely
Ⅱ.选词填空
be pessimistic about; be based on; out of style; under this circumstance; at a faster pace
1.In order to run faster, you need to train .
2. , more and more companies pay attention to industrial design.
3.The doctors his chances of recovery.
4.The novel a true story.
5.A new study shows that we keep using our old devices well after they go .
答案 1.at a faster pace 2.Under this circumstance
3.are pessimistic about 4.is based on 5.out of style
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.Most importantly, perhaps, healthy people take active responsibility for all matters their health.
也许,最重要的是,身体健康的人对与自己的健康相关的所有事情都积极尽责。
2.There are no the amount of money you can withdraw.
你可以提取的金额没有限制。
3.I like this course because it is history and current events.
我之所以喜欢这门课程,是因为它将历史和时事结合了起来。
4.There is among employers to hire casual staff.
雇主雇用临时职员有增加的趋势。
5.This award must everyone who strives for justice and dignity.
这个奖项必须与每一个为正义和尊严而奋斗的人分享。
答案 1.related to 2.restrictions on 3.a mix of 4.a growing tendency 5.be shared with
Ⅳ.语法填空
Word borrowing comes about 1. two cultures with different languages interact.This tends to happen when there is no 2. (suit) word for an object or idea in the native tongue.This phenomenon has been 3. (occur) for thousands of years.In the current age of globalization,when communications technology brings different 4. (culture) closer together,words are even more likely to be borrowed straight from the source language at a faster pace than ever before,especially those 5. (relate) to technological developments,such as “email” and “Internet”.
Though borrowing words has become faster,the process is still complex,and it takes time before new words are 6. (integrate) into everyday speech.At first,the borrowed word is only used by bilingual speakers. It then spreads to people 7. do not know the original language,and they will change the pronunciation to fit the way they speak, almost unknowingly.
While some communities are pessimistic about the exchange between languages, there are also other languages that readily welcome 8. (borrow) words.
In fact, there have never been any formal academic restrictions on new borrowed words.Borrowing words allows the language to continue to develop, 9. (enable) the community to have a more efficient language which allows them to share their experiences with new-found ease. It is also through those words 10. novel ideas are spread and different beliefs are exchanged more conveniently and quickly.
答案 1.when 2.suitable 3.occurring
4.cultures 5.related 6.integrated 7.who/that 8.borrowed 9.enabling 10.that
【课外拓展】
视野拓展
1.The Egyptian Environment Minister, Yasmine Fouad, called for rallying all official and unofficial international, regional and national efforts to reformulate a multi-faceted system that would allow current generations to obtain their rights to development and clean environment, along with nature resources.
埃及环境部长Yasmine Fouad呼吁召集所有官方和非官方的国际、地区和国家组织做出努力,重新制定一个多方面的制度,使当代人们能够获得发展和清洁环境的权利以及自然资源。
2.The phone can fold into the size of a wallet and fit in most people's pockets or bags.
这款手机可以折叠成钱包大小,放进大多数人的口袋或包里。
英美文化
美篇导读
世界名著《呼啸山庄》(Wuthering Heights)是英国女作家勃朗特姐妹之一艾米莉·勃朗特的作品,是19世纪英国文学的代表作之一。小说全篇充满强烈的反压迫、争幸福的斗争精神,又始终笼罩着离奇、紧张的浪漫气氛。
美篇呈现
Ellen Dean's story—Catherine and
Heathcliff as children
1770 When I was a child,I was always at Wuthering Heights,because my mother was a servant with the Earnshaw family.They are a very old family who have lived in that house for centuries, as you can see from their names on the stone over the front door.I grew up with Catherine and Hindley Earnshaw, and we three played together as children.
One day,their father Mr Earnshaw came back from a long journey.He had travelled sixty miles to Liverpool and back on business, and was very tired.
“Look what I've brought you!” he told us all,unwrapping① something he was holding carefully in his arms.Catherine and Hindley were expecting presents, and they rushed eagerly② to see what it was. They were very disappointed to see only a dirty, black-haired gipsy③ child.
“I found him all alone in the busy streets of Liverpool,” Mr Earnshaw explained to them,“and I couldn't leave him to die.He can sleep in your room.” But Hindley and Catherine were angry because they had not received any presents, and refused to let the strange child share their room.However Mr Earnshaw insisted, and little by little the boy became accepted by the family.He was called Heathcliff,as a first and last name.No one ever discovered who his parents had been.
Catherine and he became great friends,but Hindley hated him, and was often cruel to him.Old Mr Earnshaw was strangely fond of this gipsy child, and frequently punished his son for behaving badly to Heathcliff.Hindley began to be jealous④ of his father's feelings for Heathcliff, and saw them both as enemies.
艾伦·迪恩的故事——凯瑟琳和希斯克利夫的童年
1770年 我小时候一直在呼啸山庄,因为我母亲在欧肖家做佣人。欧肖家是一个很古老的家族,在那幢宅子住了好几百年,你能从门前石头上刻着的名字看出来。我是同凯瑟琳和亨德雷·欧肖一起长大的,小时候我们仨都在一起玩儿。
一天,他们的父亲欧肖先生出远门回来。他步行了六十英里去利物浦办事后又赶回来, 非常疲倦。
“看我给你们带来了什么!”他一边对我们大家说,一边打开了怀里小心抱着的东西。凯瑟琳和亨德雷正盼望着是礼物呢,兴冲冲地围上来看到底是什么东西。当他们只看到一个脏兮兮、黑头发的吉卜赛孩子时,他们大失所望。
“我看到他孤零零地待在利物浦繁忙的街头,”欧肖先生对他们解释说,“我总不能让他就那么死了吧。他可以睡在你们的房里。”但亨德雷和凯瑟琳气恼没有得到礼物, 不肯让这个陌生的孩子睡在他们的房间。但在欧肖先生的坚持下,一家人还是渐渐地接受了这个孩子。大家都叫他希斯克利夫,既是名, 也是姓。始终没人搞清楚他的父母是谁。
凯瑟琳和他成了好朋友,但亨德雷不喜欢他,对他常常很粗暴。老欧肖先生异乎寻常地喜欢这个吉卜赛孩子,时常因为自己的儿子对希斯克利夫不友善而惩罚他。亨德雷开始嫉妒他父亲对希斯克利夫的感情,视他俩为敌。
知识积累
①unwrap vt.打开
②eagerly adv.渴望地;热切地
③gipsy n.吉卜赛人
④jealous adj.妒忌的
素养链接
艾米莉·勃朗特(Emily Bronte)是19世纪英国的一位诗人和小说家。她在这个世界上仅仅度过了三十年,便默默无声地离开了人间。她写过一些极为深沉的抒情诗,包括叙事诗和短诗。
她与《简·爱》(Jane Eyre)的作者夏洛蒂·勃朗特(Charlotte Bronte)及她们的小妹妹——《艾格尼丝·格雷》(Agnes Grey)的作者安妮·勃朗特(Anne Bronte)并称“勃朗特三姐妹”,在英国19世纪文坛上焕发异彩。
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