(共62张PPT)
UNIT 2 Out of this world
Section Ⅱ Learning about language
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。（语言能力）
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化所学语言点,并学以致用。（学习能力）
拓展单词
1._______vt. 占用;居住;占领;使忙于→_________adj.被占用的;专心于;忙于
occupy
occupied
2.________vt. 评估;估计;评价→__________n. 评价;［审计］ 评估;估价;求值
evaluate
evaluation
3.____________n. 维护;保养;维持;保持→_________ vt. 维持;保持;维修;坚持（意见）;
供养
maintenance
maintain
4._________n. 面临;遭受;揭露;报道→________adj. 暴露的;无掩蔽的
exposure
exposed
5.__________n. 发生率;出现率;频繁;频率→________adj. 频繁的;时常发生的;惯常的vt.
常到;常去;常出入于
frequency
frequent
6._______n. 原因;动机;目的→__________ n. 动力;诱因→_________v.作为（某人行为）
的动机;激发兴趣→__________adj.有积极性的
motive
motivation
motivate
motivated
7.__________n. 投资;投入→______ v. 投资;购买;授予
investment
invest
8._________vt. 计算;核算;预测→__________n. 计算;估计;计算的结果
calculate
calculation
9.________n. 助理;售货员;助教 adj. 助理的;副的→__________ n. 援助;帮助;辅助设
备→______v.帮助;协助
assistant
assistance
assist
10.__________adv. 极其;极端地;令人难以置信→__________adj. 不能相信的;难以置信
的;极好的;极大的
incredibly
incredible
11._______n. 居所;住处;庇护vt. 保护;掩蔽vi. 躲避→_________adj. 可避风（雨等）的;
不受坏事影响的
shelter
sheltered
12.________adj. 固定的;不变的;连续发生的;重复的→__________adv. 不断地;时常地
constant
constantly
构词规律
v.+-ment→n. v.+-tance→n.
invest→investment 投资;投入 improve→improvement 改善；改进之处 argue→argument 论证；论据；争吵 assist→assistance 帮助；援助
accept→acceptance 接受；赞同；认可
1._______建立;装配;开业
set up
2._______________结束
come to an end
3._______由于;因为
due to
4._________依附;附属;加入;使依恋;把……放在
attach to
5.___________________在这种情况下;既然如此
in the circumstances
6.____________基于;以……为根据;在……基础上
be based on
7._____________以……的速度
at a speed of
8.__________________________________确保营养均衡供应
ensure a balanced supply of nutrients
9._______________________对……至关重要
be of vital importance to
10.____________盯着;紧贴着;粘到……上;胶着在……上
be glued to
11.__________________________专为某人设计的
be specially designed for sb
12._____________________在我们的闲暇时间
during our leisure time
13.________________________在这些珍贵的时刻
in these precious moments
14.________________________进行科学研究
conduct scientific research
15._____________电击
electric shock
1.It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual
beds don't bother us any more.（it作形式主语）
翻译 试着背部没有压力入睡是奇怪的，但我们不再为这些特别的床而烦恼了。
仿写 ____________ that free medical care will be given to most people in our city.
可以确定的是我们城市的多数人将享受免费医疗。
It is certain
2.As well asdoing these biological experiments, we carry out experiments in other
research fields. （as well as）
翻译 除了做这些生物实验,我们还进行其他研究领域的实验。
仿写 The mind needs exercise ___________________.
大脑同身体一样需要锻炼。
as well as the body
3.That's why every spacewalk is carefully planned.（why引导表语从句）
翻译 这就是为什么每次太空行走都要精心计划。
仿写 ___________I must trust you to keep this secret.
这就是为什么我必须相信你会保守这个秘密。
That's why
核心单词
知识点1 absence n.缺乏；不存在；缺席 ＊absent adj.不在的；缺席的 ＊absent-minded adj.心不在焉的
（P16）Due to the near absence of gravity in space, we have to attach ourselves so that we don't float around.
由于太空中几乎没有重力,我们必须使自己固定住,这样才不会四处飘动。
知识拓展
in the absence of sb/sth 某人不在时;缺乏某物时
absence from school 缺课
be absent from... 不参加……;缺席……
经典佳句
His frequent absence from school is all because of his illness.
他经常缺课都是因为他生病了。
In his later life he became even more absent-minded
到了晚年，他变得更加健忘了。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Mr White has been absent ______work for days,so he knows nothing about our
plan.
from
（2）Please look after my house during my ________（absent）.
absence
Ⅱ.句式升级
（3）As he was absent from school for so long，he was left behind by his
classmates.
→_____________________________，he was left behind by his classmates.（形容词
短语作状语）
Absent from school for so long
知识点2 bother vt.使烦恼；使担心；花费时间精力（做某事）；打扰 vi.花费时间精力（做某事） n.麻烦；困难；令人烦恼的情况
（P16）It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual beds don't bother us any more.
试着背部没有压力入睡是奇怪的，但我们不再为这些特别的床而烦恼了。
知识拓展
bother sb with/about sth 因某事打扰或麻烦某人
bother sb to do sth 麻烦某人做某事
bother to do/doing sth 操心做某事
it bothers sb... that... 使某人烦恼的是……
Don't bother. 不用费心了。
put sb to any bother 给某人添乱/让某人心烦
经典佳句
What a bother! I have missed the bus.
真恼人!我错过了公交车。
Why bother asking if you're not really interested
如果你不是真的感兴趣，干嘛费口舌打听呢？
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）I didn't want to put you ___any bother.
to
（2）It really bothered me _____he'd forgotten my birthday.
that
（3）You needn't bother _________（come） to my office.
to come
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）（2023·湖南师大附中月考）I have no choice but __________________________
________ in the material I attach to the letter.
我别无选择，只能麻烦你纠正我在信中所附材料的错误。
to bother you to correct my mistakes
知识点3 occupy vt.占用；使用；居住；占领；侵占；使忙于 ＊occupied adj.被占领的；有人使用（或居住）；忙于 ＊occupation n.占领；职业；消遣
（P16）The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are demanding, but they can also be extremely rewarding.
占用了一天里大部分时间的日常工作要求很高,但是也会非常有意义。
知识拓展
occupy oneself with sth/in doing sth 忙于（做）某事
be occupied in doing sth 忙于做某事
be occupied with sth 从事;忙于某事
经典佳句
His occupation is a cleaner. The whole morning he was occupied in cleaning the stones which occupied the whole road.
他的职业是清洁工。整个上午他都在忙着清理占据整条道路的石头。
名师点拨
与occupy oneself in结构类似,表示“忙于;专心于”的短语还有lose oneself in、absorb oneself in、bury oneself in、engage oneself in等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.写出下列句子中occupy的汉语意思
（1）During the war, Germany occupied many countries,including France.______
占领
（2）His speech occupied only three minutes.____________________
占用（时间、空间）
（3）His work occupies him for the whole day.________
使忙于
（4）He would have attended your birthday party, but he occupied himself with a
very important experiment.______
忙于
Ⅱ.一句多译
（5）She occupied herself with routine office tasks and had no time to attend to her
children.
→_______________________________________, she had no time to attend to her
children.（动词-ing形式作状语）
→_______________________________, she had no time to attend to her children.（动
词-ed形式作状语）
Occupying herself with routine office tasks
Occupied with routine office tasks
知识点4 evaluate vt.评估；估计；评价 ＊evaluation n.评审；评价
（P16） We need to evaluate the effects of low gravity on animals and plants.
我们需要评估低重力对动物和植物的影响。
知识拓展
evaluate one's ability 评估某人的能力
evaluate the value/quality of sth 评估某物的价值/质量
经典佳句
The market situation is difficult to evaluate
市场形势难以评估。
Faculty evaluations are conducted by the students.
对教职员工的评估由学生来进行。
融会应用 用evaluate的正确形式填空
（1）Let's ________the evidence.
evaluate
（2）The research project has been under way for only three months, so it's too
early ___________its future.
to evaluate
（3）I attempted to make an honest __________of my own life.
evaluation
知识点5 maintenance n.维护；保养；维持；保持 ＊maintain vt.维持；保持；维修；坚持（意见）；保养 ＊maintainable adj.可维持的；可主张的；可维修的
（P16）With so much going on, the space station needs a lot of maintenance, so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning.
由于这么多事情在进行中,空间站需要大量的维护,所以我们经常检查支持系统并做一些清洁工作。
知识拓展
maintenance of ……的保养
maintenance crew/man/staff 维修人员/人员/工作人员
the cost of repairs and maintenance 维修和保养费
maintain the balance 保持平衡
经典佳句
He has no time to do maintenance on his house so things started to fall apart.
他没有时间维修他的房子,所以东西开始散架了。
What is the importance of maintaining the balance in the relationship between market and government？
保持市场与政府平衡关系的重要性是什么
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Few people nowadays are able ___________（maintain） friendships into
adulthood.
to maintain
（2）They help you create more ____________（maintain） software quickly.
maintainable
（3）The school pays for heating and the ____________（maintain） of the buildings.
maintenance
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）____________________________________ a car is as high as the purchase price.
一辆汽车的维修和保养费用与购买它的价格一样高。
The cost of repairs and maintenance of
（5）It is of great importance ____________________________.
维持自然平衡非常重要。
to maintain the natural balance
知识点6 circumstance n.条件；状况；境况；（尤指）经济状况
（P17）In the circumstances, it's time for a spacewalk.
在这种情况下,是时候进行太空行走了。
知识拓展
in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下
in/under no circumstances 决不;无论如何都不
经典佳句
In the circumstances, we must rely on ourselves.
在这样的情况下，我们必须依靠自己。
Under no circumstances should you lend Paul any money.
你无论如何都不能借钱给保罗。
名师点拨
表示“决不;无论如何也不”的短语有at no time、in no way、in no sense、on no account、on no condition等，这些短语置于句首时,句子要用部分倒装。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）We can't take measures until we know all the _____________（circumstance）.
circumstances
（2）_________no circumstances must you leave your position.
Under/In
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）____________________________apologize to that guy.
我绝对不会向那个家伙道歉。
Under no circumstances will I
（4）But her parents were determined to let
her_________________________________________________.
但她的父母决心让她在这种情况下接受最好的教育。
get the best education possible under the circumstances
知识点7 exposure n.面临；遭受；揭露；报道 ＊expose vt.揭露；揭发；使曝光；显露 ＊exposed adj.无保护的；无遮蔽的
（P17）First, we put on our spacesuits, which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation.
首先,我们穿上航天服,它使我们能够在太空中呼吸，保护我们免受寒冷和辐射的伤害。
知识拓展
exposure to 曝光于;显露于
exposure of ……的暴露
be exposed to 被暴露在……;接触……
经典佳句
Prolonged exposure to harmful radiation will cause great harm to your health, so never expose yourself to it.
长期接触有害的辐射会对你的健康造成很大的危害, 所以千万不要把自己暴露在辐射中。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Exposure___unprotected skin to the sun carries the risk of developing skin
cancer.
of
（2）So all ________（expose） skin should be covered with protective cream.
exposed
（3）Children's _________（expose） to these pollutants has been associated with
harmful impacts on their mental development.
exposure
（4）I ____________（expose） to the thoughts of some of the world's best writers.
am exposed
知识点8 furthermore adv.此外；再者
（P17）Furthermore, to keep our body healthy, we must ensure a balanced supply of nutrients by taking pills.
此外,为了保持身体健康,我们必须通过吃药来保证营养的均衡供应。
经典佳句
He said he had not discussed the matter with her. Furthermore, he had not even contacted her.
他说他没有和她讨论过这个问题。而且，他甚至没有和她联系过。
名师点拨
表示“此外”的词还有moreover、besides、additionally、in addition等。
融会应用 翻译句子
此外,背景音乐往往预示着情绪的变化。
___________________________________________________________________________
______________
In addition/Besides/Furthermore/Additionally, background music often foreshadows a change in mood.
知识点9 vital adj.必不可少的；对……极重要的；维持生命所必需的 ＊vitally adv.极其；绝对
（P17）Spending some time in the gym is of vital importance to astronauts' health.
花些时间在健身房锻炼对宇航员的健康至关重要。
知识拓展
be vital to/for 对……极重要的
It is vital that...（should） do... 重要的是……
经典佳句
Reading is of vital importance in language learning.
阅读在语言学习中至关重要。
It is vital that you keep accurate records when you are self-employed.
你独自经营时要准确记录账目,这十分重要。
名师点拨
在“ It is vital that...”句式中, that 从句要用虚拟语气, 即谓语动词用“（ should +）动词原形”。类似的句式还有“It is necessary/natural/important/strange/essential that...”等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Perseverance is vital ______success.
to/for
（2）It's vital that we ______________（be） present.
（should） be
（3）That is why it is vital __________（observe） the light.
to observe
（4）Getting your students involved in classroom activities is _______（vital）
important.
vitally
Ⅱ.单句写作
（5）_____________________ in an emergency.
在紧急情况下，保持镇静至关重要。
It is vital to stay calm
知识点10 discipline vt.严格要求（自己）；惩罚；训练 n.训练；纪律；行为准则；自制力
（P17）Considering these negative effects low gravity has on the human body, we discipline ourselves to do at least two hours of exercise every day.
考虑到低重力对人体的这些负面影响,我们要求自己每天至少锻炼两个小时。
知识拓展
discipline sb for 因……而处罚某人
discipline yourself （to do sth） 严格约束自己（去做某事）
discipline problems 纪律问题
经典佳句
The officers were disciplined for using racist language.
这些军官因使用种族歧视性语言而受到惩罚。
It takes a lot of self-discipline to go jogging in winter.
在冬天跑步是需要很大的自律力的。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）Try to discipline ________（you） to write every day.
yourself
（2）Different cultures have different ways of ___________（discipline） their
children.
disciplining
短语句式
知识点11 cast new light on 使进一步了解……
（P16）Hopefully, it will cast new light on the Earth's climate and lead to better lightning protection.
希望它能使人们更加了解地球的气候,并带来更好的防雷措施。
知识拓展
cast about/around for 苦苦思索;四处寻找
cast down 使沮丧
cast off 摆脱;抛弃;解开（缆绳等）
cast out 驱逐;赶走
be cast away （船遇难后幸存者）流落某处
经典佳句
His words cast a new light on the problem.
他的话使人们对这个问题有了新的认识。
Human genome research is casting new light on Alzheimer's disease.
人类基因组研究为阿尔茨海默病带来了新的曙光。
融会应用 选词填空
cast down;be cast away;cast off;cast out;cast about/around for; cast new light on
（1）Finding out the truth made Tom__________.
cast down
（2）The town is still trying to________its dull image.
cast off
（3）They _______________on a desert island.
were cast away
（4）He hurriedly____________________ something to say.
cast about/around for
（5）He claimed to have the power___________the enemy.
to cast out
（6）Recent research has_________________the causes of the disease.
cast new light on
知识点12 in view of 鉴于；考虑到
（P17）In view of the low-gravity environment, eating is also different in space.
鉴于低重力环境,太空中的饮食也有所不同。
知识拓展
in view of the foregoing 鉴于上述……
in view of time 由于时间关系
in view of situation 针对情况
come in view of... ……进入视域内
经典佳句
In view of the fact that Hobson was not a trained economist, his achievements were remarkable.
鉴于霍布森是非科班出身的经济学家,他的成就是很了不起的。
In view of the shortage of time，each person may only speak for five minutes.
由于时间有限，每个人只能发言5分钟。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）Residents were warned not to be extravagant with water,
_________________________this year.
鉴于今年降雨量少,居民被告诫不得浪费用水。
in view of the low rainfall
（2）______________________, the event will now be held indoors.
考虑到天气,这项赛事将在室内进行。
In view of the weather
（3）_____________________________, we'll have to revise our original plan.
考虑到目前这种情况,我们不得不修改原来的计划。
In view of the present situation
（4）We________________________ as we turned the corner.
我们转过角落就看见那个湖了。
came in view of the lake
知识点13 it作形式主语
（P16）It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual beds don't bother us any more.
试着背部没有压力入睡是奇怪的，但我们不再为这些特别的床而烦恼了。
知识拓展
句中的it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面that 引导的主语从句。
It作形式主语的常见句型:
It is+adj.+（for/of sb） to do sth. （对某人而言）做某事很……。
It is+adj./n.+that 从句
It is no good/use doing sth.
做某事是没有好/用处的。
It is necessary for the young to master two foreign languages.
年轻人掌握两门外语是必要的。
名师点拨
在“It is/was+adj.+（for/of sb） to do sth”句式中,for前面的形容词通常是difficult、necessary、important、quick、easy等,这些形容词多与事物的特征有关。而of前面的形容词常常是wise、kind、stupid、silly、bright、nice、good等,这些形容词常常与人的性格特点有关。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Sometimes it may be helpful _______（use） examples to explain abstract
concepts.
to use
（2）Though it is nice ___ you to put him up,it is impossible ____him to sleep on
such a small bed.
of
for
（3）It's no use ________（argue） with her—she won't listen.
arguing
Ⅱ.同义句转换
（4）You are careless to make so many mistakes in the exam.
→_______________________________________________________（it作形式主语）
It is careless of you to make so many mistakes in the exam.
知识点14 as引导让步状语从句
（P17）Splendidas the view of the Earth is，spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think.
虽然地球的景色十分壮观，但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。
知识拓展
本句是一个倒装句，as引导让步状语从句，通常从句要用倒装形式,倒装的方法是将从句的表语或状语放在as之前。另外although、though可以引导让步状语从句；although不用倒装；though可以倒装也可以不倒装。
Tired as/though he is, he offers to help me.
尽管他已经很累了，他还是主动提出帮助我。
Hard as/though he works，he makes little progress.
尽管他学习很努力，但几乎没取得什么进步。
Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.
虽然他是一个孩子，但他知道该做什么。
Try as/though she might, Sue couldn't get the door open.
无论Sue怎样鼓捣，她就是打不开门。
融会应用 用倒装句改写下列句子
（1）Although it was raining heavily outside，they started out very early.
→____________________________________，they started out very early.
Heavily as/though it was raining outside
（2）Although atoms are small，they are made up of still smaller units.
→________________________，they are made up of still smaller units.
Small as/though atoms are
知识点15 that's why...
（P17）That's why every spacewalk is carefully planned.
这就是为什么每次太空行走都要精心计划。
知识拓展
句中的that's why...意为“这就是……的原因”，其中why引导表语从句，why后面跟的是结果。
That's because...意为“这是因为……”，because后面跟的是原因。
The reason why...is that... 意为“……的原因是……”，其中why引导的是定语从句，是结果；that引导的是表语从句，是原因。
That is why there are many versions of the same story.
这就是为什么同一个故事有很多版本。
That's because rest and recovery are not the same thing.
这是因为休息和恢复是不一样的。
The reason why the injection needs repeating every year is that the virus changes.
每年需要重新注射的原因是这种病毒会变化。
融会应用 一句多译
他错过了公共汽车，这就是他上学迟到的原因。
→He missed the bus，_______________________________.
→He was late for school_________________________.
→__________________________________________he missed the bus.
that's why he was late for school
because he missed the bus
The reason why he was late for school is that
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.We are playing a trick on a man who keeps _________（bother） me.
bothering
2.This represents a big advance in the way ____________（microscope） are used.
microscopes
3.What is the best course of action in the_____________（circumstance）
circumstances
4.Sunlight consists of different wavelengths of _________（radiate）.
radiation
5.When he went into retirement, he _______（visible） withered（变得虚弱）.
visibly
6.The lungs are in fact constructed of thousands of tiny______（tube）.
tubes
7.Why do I have to take all these_____（pill）
pills
8.Education is _______（vital）important for the country's future.
vitally
9.Dieting is a matter of ___________（discipline） yourself.
disciplining
10.The blast left him with ____________（permanent） impaired hearing.
permanently
Ⅱ.选词填空
take place；come to an end；more than；in the circumstances； be based on；set
up; due to; be of vital importance to
1.China Daily is __________a newspaper. It can help us learn English.
more than
2.___________________，it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.
In the circumstances
3.At last, the meeting_______________．
came to an end
4.We may never discover what __________that night.
took place
5.It _______________________combine theory with practice in our studies.
is of vital importance to
6.Musicians have_______washing stations to protect the homeless.
set up
7.The novel____________his travels in India.
is based on
8.Over 50 factory workers were rushed to the hospital_______a gas leak.
due to
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.I was heartsick, for I felt that the splendid years of my carefree childhood
had_______________.
我很难过,因为我觉得我无忧无虑的童年美好时光已结束了。
come to an end
2.His failures were largely _____________________concepts like mass, velocity, force
and temperature.
他的失败主要是因为缺乏像质量、速度、力和温度这样的概念。
due to the absence of
3.The objective is _______________________health education on myopia prevention
among pupils.
目的是评估健康教育对小学生预防近视的效果。
to evaluate the effects of
4.His words were of little comfort ___________________.
在这种情况下,他的话起不了什么安慰作用。
in the circumstances
5.______________________, reading is our main hobby.
闲暇时间,读书便是我们的最大爱好。
During our leisure time
单句填空
1.（2022·全国乙）That includes huge savings in ____________（maintain） costs and
better protection of railway personnel safety.
maintenance
2.（2022·新高考Ⅱ）We require one chaperone（监护人）per ten children. Failure to
provide enough chaperones will result in an extra charge of $50 per _______
（absence） adult.
absent
3.（2023·山东第一次）I only have seven people reporting to me. Yet, sometimes I
feel like pulling my hair out. I need to find away _________ （create） harmony
within my department.
to create
4.（2023·山东第二次）I don't bother _____ hats and gloves or that sort of things. I
find it gets in the way.
withUnit 2 Section Ⅱ Learning about language
【学习目标】
1.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。(语言能力)
2.通过导学案的套用,以练促学,巩固内化所学语言点,并学以致用。(学习能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
拓展单词
1. vt. 占用;居住;占领;使忙于→ adj.被占用的;专心于;忙于
2. vt. 评估;估计;评价→ n. 评价;[审计] 评估;估价;求值
3. n. 维护;保养;维持;保持→ vt. 维持;保持;维修;坚持(意见);供养
4. n. 面临;遭受;揭露;报道→ adj. 暴露的;无掩蔽的
5. n. 发生率;出现率;频繁;频率→ adj. 频繁的;时常发生的;惯常的vt. 常到;常去;常出入于
6. n. 原因;动机;目的→ n. 动力;诱因→ v.作为(某人行为)的动机;激发兴趣→ adj.有积极性的
7. n. 投资;投入→ v. 投资;购买;授予
8. vt. 计算;核算;预测→ n. 计算;估计;计算的结果
9. n. 助理;售货员;助教 adj. 助理的;副的→ n. 援助;帮助;辅助设备→ v.帮助;协助
10. adv. 极其;极端地;令人难以置信→ adj. 不能相信的;难以置信的;极好的;极大的
11. n. 居所;住处;庇护vt. 保护;掩蔽vi. 躲避→ adj. 可避风(雨等)的;不受坏事影响的
12. adj. 固定的;不变的;连续发生的;重复的→ adv. 不断地;时常地
答案 1.occupy;occupied 2.evaluate;evaluation 3.maintenance;maintain 4.exposure;exposed
5.frequency;frequent 6.motive;motivation;motivate; motivated 7.investment;invest 8.calculate;calculation
9.assistant; assistance;assist 10.incredibly;incredible 11.shelter;sheltered 12.constant; constantly
构词规律
v.+-ment→n. v.+-tance→n.
invest→investment 投资;投入 improve→improvement 改善;改进之处 argue→argument 论证;论据;争吵 assist→assistance 帮助;援助 accept→acceptance 接受;赞同;认可
Step 2 短语记诵
1. 建立;装配;开业
2. 结束
3. 由于;因为
4. 依附;附属;加入;使依恋;把……放在
5. 在这种情况下;既然如此
6. 基于;以……为根据;在……基础上
7. 以……的速度
8. 确保营养均衡供应
9. 对……至关重要
10. 盯着;紧贴着;粘到……上;胶着在……上
11. 专为某人设计的
12. 在我们的闲暇时间
13. 在这些珍贵的时刻
14. 进行科学研究
15. 电击
答案 1.set up 2.come to an end 3.due to
4.attach to 5.in the circumstances 6.be based on
7.at a speed of 8.ensure a balanced supply of nutrients 9.be of vital importance to 10.be glued to 11.be specially designed for sb 12.during our leisure time 13.in these precious moments
14.conduct scientific research 15.electric shock
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual beds don't bother us any more.(it作形式主语)
翻译 试着背部没有压力入睡是奇怪的,但我们不再为这些特别的床而烦恼了。
仿写 that free medical care will be given to most people in our city.
可以确定的是我们城市的多数人将享受免费医疗。
2.As well as doing these biological experiments, we carry out experiments in other research fields. (as well as)
翻译 除了做这些生物实验,我们还进行其他研究领域的实验。
仿写 The mind needs exercise .
大脑同身体一样需要锻炼。
3.That's why every spacewalk is carefully planned.(why引导表语从句)
翻译 这就是为什么每次太空行走都要精心计划。
仿写 I must trust you to keep this secret.
这就是为什么我必须相信你会保守这个秘密。
答案 1.It is certain 2.as well as the body
3.That's why
【合作探究】
新知探究
核心素养
航天服是航天员在太空中执行任务时,为保障生命安全而穿着的特殊服装,包括舱内航天服和舱外航天服。舱内航天服是航天员在载人飞船中的压力应急救生装备,一般在待发段、上升段、返回段、变轨、交会对接过程中或飞船出现压力应急时使用,为航天员提供生命保障。舱外航天服是航天员出舱活动时使用的个体防护装备,相当于小型航天器,用于生命和作业保障。
解析教材
Life on a space station
Living in space is every would-be astronaut's dream. My six-month stay on a space station has come to an end,and it has been a challenging but magical adventure. I bet you'd love to know what daily life is like up in space and how it differs from that on the Earth—the low gravity definitely makes ordinary things strange(1)!
太空站上的生活
在太空生活是每个想成为航天员的人的梦想。我在空间站的六个月的停留已经结束,这是一场充满挑战但又神奇的冒险。我敢打赌你想知道太空中的日常生活是什么样的,它与地球上的生活有什么不同——低重力肯定会让日常之事变得奇怪!
【助读点拨】
(1)此处是what引导的宾语从句,作know的宾语;how引导的宾语从句与what引导的宾语从句是并列关系。
The strangeness of living in space is apparent from the moment we sleep. Due to the near absence of gravity in space,we have to attach ourselves so that we don't float around(2). We usually sleep in private quarters,which are more like large cupboards,or in sleeping bags attached to the walls or the ceiling(3). It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back(4),but the unusual beds don't bother us any more. After about eight hours of sleep,we start our day of work.
从我们睡觉的那一刻起,生活在太空中的陌生感就显而易见了。由于太空中几乎没有重力,我们必须使自己固定住,这样才不会四处飘动。我们通常睡在私人空间里,就像大的壁橱一样,或者睡在固定在墙上或天花板上的睡袋里。试着背部没有压力入睡是奇怪的,但我们不再为这些特别的床而烦恼了。大约睡了八个小时后,我们开始了一天的工作。
【助读点拨】
(2)此处是so that引导的目的状语从句,意为“以便;为了”。
(3)此处是which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词private quarters。
(4)此处it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的that引导的主语从句。
The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are demanding,but they can also be extremely rewarding. Our main mission is to conduct scientific research. We need to evaluate the effects of low gravity on animals and plants. Creatures such as mice,fish and mosquitoes have also been sent to the station! In a low-gravity environment,we can learn more about changes in cells and microorganisms under the microscope. As well as doing these biological experiments,we carry out experiments in other research fields.I have been working on one experiment which locates and tracks lightning over large regions of the Earth(5). Hopefully,it will cast new light on the Earth's climate and lead to better lightning protection. With so much going on(6),the space station needs a lot of maintenance,so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning.
占用了一天里大部分时间的日常工作要求很高,但是也会非常有意义。我们的主要任务是进行科学研究。我们需要评估低重力对动物和植物的影响。老鼠、鱼和蚊子等生物也被送到了太空站!在低重力环境下,我们可以在显微镜下了解更多有关细胞和微生物的变化。除了做这些生物实验外,我们还进行其他研究领域的实验。我在做一个实验,在地球上大范围内定位和跟踪闪电。希望它能使人们更加了解地球的气候,并带来更好的防雷措施。由于这么多事情在进行中,空间站需要大量的维护,所以我们经常检查支持系统并做一些清洁工作。
【助读点拨】
(5)此处是which引导的定语从句,修饰先行词experiment。
(6)此处是with的复合结构,其中动词-ing形式在句中作伴随状语。
The most challenging work takes place when we need to perform tasks outside the space station,such as testing new equipment,monitoring scientific experiments or repairing the space station. In the circumstances,it's time for a spacewalk. First,we put on our spacesuits,which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation(7). Then we head out,and sometimes perform tasks for hours at a time,with the beautiful Earth visible below. Splendid as the view of the Earth is(8),spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think.It's probably the most dangerous work,with potential risks such as electric shocks. That's why every spacewalk is carefully planned.(9)
最具挑战性的工作发生在我们需要在空间站外执行任务时,例如测试新设备、监测科学实验或维修空间站。在这种情况下,是时候进行太空行走了。首先,我们穿上航天服,它使我们能够在太空中呼吸,保护我们免受寒冷和辐射的伤害。然后我们出发,有时执行一次任务需要几个小时,下面可以看到美丽的地球。虽然地球的景色十分壮观,但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。这可能是最危险的工作,有电击等潜在风险。这就是为什么每次太空行走都要精心计划。
【助读点拨】
(7)此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词spacesuits。
(8)此处为as引导让步状语从句的倒装句式。
(9)此处为why引导的表语从句。
In view of the low-gravity environment,eating is also different in space. Most food is dried or freeze-dried. It's a luxury to eat fresh food,because fresh produce such as fruit and vegetables can only be delivered to the space station from the Earth every couple of months. Salt and pepper are only in liquid form,so that they will not float away and block the air pipes(10). However,liquids can't be easily controlled in space. We must drink water or any other liquids out of a bag through a thin tube of plastic. Furthermore,to keep our body healthy,we must ensure a balanced supply of nutrients by taking pills.
鉴于低重力环境,太空中的饮食也有所不同。大多数食物是脱水的或经过冷冻干燥的。吃新鲜食物是一种奢侈,因为新鲜的农产品,如水果和蔬菜,每隔两个月才能从地球送到空间站。盐和胡椒只呈液态,这样它们就不会飘走,也不会使气管堵塞。然而,液体在太空中不容易被控制。我们必须通过一根细塑料管来喝袋子中的水或其他液体。此外,为了保持身体健康,我们必须通过吃药来保证营养的均衡供应。
【助读点拨】
(10)此处为so that引导的结果状语从句。
Spending some time in the gym is of vital importance to astronauts' health. Did you know that in just five months,astronauts could lose a significant amount of muscle and bone mass Considering these negative effects low gravity has on the human body(11),we discipline ourselves to do at least two hours of exercise every day. Exercise in space is not your average workout. We have to be tied onto specially designed exercise equipment to stop ourselves from floating around.
花些时间在健身房锻炼对航天员的健康至关重要。你知道仅仅在五个月里航天员就可能失去相当多的肌肉量和骨量吗 考虑到低重力对人体的这些负面影响,我们要求自己每天至少锻炼两个小时。在太空中锻炼不是一般的锻炼。我们必须绑在特殊的运动器材上,以防自己四处漂浮。
【助读点拨】
(11)Considering为动词-ing形式作原因状语。
During our leisure time,there's nothing we like more than to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch our remarkable planet go by,taking pictures for our family and friends back home. As the space station travels at a speed of about 17,500 miles per hour(12),we get to see the sunrise every 90 minutes. In these precious moments,all the challenges of life in space seem worth it.
在空闲时间,我们最喜欢做的事就是和其他工作人员一起舒服地坐下来,看着我们非凡的星球从身边经过,拍点照片给地球上的家人和朋友看。由于空间站以每小时17 500英里的速度运行,我们每90分钟就能看到一次日出。在这些珍贵的时刻,太空生活的所有挑战似乎都是值得的。
【助读点拨】
(12)此处为as引导的原因状语从句。
核 心 单 词
知识点1 absence n. 缺乏;不存在;缺席 *absent adj. 不在的;缺席的 *absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的
(P16)Due to the near absence of gravity in space, we have to attach ourselves so that we don't float around.
由于太空中几乎没有重力,我们必须使自己固定住,这样才不会四处飘动。
知识拓展
in the absence of sb/sth 某人不在时;缺乏某物时
absence from school 缺课
be absent from... 不参加……;缺席……
经典佳句
His frequent absence from school is all because of his illness.
他经常缺课都是因为他生病了。
In his later life he became even more absent-minded.
到了晚年,他变得更加健忘了。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Mr White has been absent work for days,so he knows nothing about our plan.
(2)Please look after my house during my (absent).
Ⅱ.句式升级
(3)As he was absent from school for so long,he was left behind by his classmates.
→ ,he was left behind by his classmates.(形容词短语作状语)
答案 (1)from (2)absence (3)Absent from school for so long
知识点2 bother vt.使烦恼;使担心;花费时间精力(做某事);打扰 vi.花费时间精力(做某事) n.麻烦;困难;令人烦恼的情况
(P16)It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual beds don't bother us any more.
试着背部没有压力入睡是奇怪的,但我们不再为这些特别的床而烦恼了。
知识拓展
bother sb with/about sth 因某事打扰或麻烦某人
bother sb to do sth 麻烦某人做某事
bother to do/doing sth 操心做某事
it bothers sb... that... 使某人烦恼的是……
Don't bother. 不用费心了。
put sb to any bother 给某人添乱/让某人心烦
经典佳句
What a bother! I have missed the bus.
真恼人!我错过了公交车。
Why bother asking if you're not really interested
如果你不是真的感兴趣,干嘛费口舌打听呢
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)I didn't want to put you any bother.
(2)It really bothered me he'd forgotten my birthday.
(3)You needn't bother (come) to my office.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)(2023·湖南师大附中月考)I have no choice but in the material I attach to the letter.
我别无选择,只能麻烦你纠正我在信中所附材料的错误。
答案 (1)to (2)that (3)to come (4)to bother you to correct my mistakes
知识点3 occupy vt.占用;使用;居住;占领;侵占;使忙于 *occupied adj.被占领的;有人使用(或居住);忙于 *occupation n.占领;职业;消遣
(P16)The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are demanding, but they can also be extremely rewarding.
占用了一天里大部分时间的日常工作要求很高,但是也会非常有意义。
知识拓展
occupy oneself with sth/in doing sth 忙于(做)某事
be occupied in doing sth 忙于做某事
be occupied with sth 从事;忙于某事
经典佳句
His occupation is a cleaner.The whole morning he was occupied in cleaning the stones which occupied the whole road.
他的职业是清洁工。整个上午他都在忙着清理占据整条道路的石头。
名师点拨
与occupy oneself in结构类似,表示“忙于;专心于”的短语还有lose oneself in、absorb oneself in、bury oneself in、engage oneself in等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.写出下列句子中occupy的汉语意思
(1)During the war, Germany occupied many countries,including France.
(2)His speech occupied only three minutes.
(3)His work occupies him for the whole day.
(4)He would have attended your birthday party, but he occupied himself with a very important experiment.
Ⅱ.一句多译
(5)She occupied herself with routine office tasks and had no time to attend to her children.
→ , she had no time to attend to her children.(动词-ing形式作状语)
→ , she had no time to attend to her children.(动词-ed形式作状语)
答案 (1)占领 (2)占用(时间、空间) (3)使忙于 (4)忙于 (5)Occupying herself with routine office tasks; Occupied with routine office tasks
知识点4 evaluate vt.评估;估计;评价 *evaluation n.评审;评价
(P16) We need to evaluate the effects of low gravity on animals and plants.
我们需要评估低重力对动物和植物的影响。
知识拓展
evaluate one's ability 评估某人的能力
evaluate the value/quality of sth 评估某物的价值/质量
经典佳句
The market situation is difficult to evaluate.
市场形势难以评估。
Faculty evaluations are conducted by the students.
对教职员工的评估由学生来进行。
融会应用 用evaluate的正确形式填空
(1)Let's the evidence.
(2)The research project has been under way for only three months, so it's too early its future.
(3)I attempted to make an honest of my own life.
答案 (1)evaluate (2)to evaluate
(3)evaluation
知识点5 maintenance n.维护;保养;维持;保持 *maintain vt. 维持;保持;维修;坚持(意见);保养 *maintainable adj.可维持的;可主张的;可维修的
(P16)With so much going on, the space station needs a lot of maintenance, so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning.
由于这么多事情在进行中,空间站需要大量的维护,所以我们经常检查支持系统并做一些清洁工作。
知识拓展
maintenance of ……的保养
maintenance crew/man/staff 维修人员/人员/工作人员
the cost of repairs and maintenance 维修和保养费
maintain the balance 保持平衡
经典佳句
He has no time to do maintenance on his house so things started to fall apart.
他没有时间维修他的房子,所以东西开始散架了。
What is the importance of maintaining the balance in the relationship between market and government
保持市场与政府平衡关系的重要性是什么
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Few people nowadays are able (maintain) friendships into adulthood.
(2)They help you create more (maintain) software quickly.
(3)The school pays for heating and the (maintain) of the buildings.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4) a car is as high as the purchase price.
一辆汽车的维修和保养费用与购买它的价格一样高。
(5)It is of great importance .
维持自然平衡非常重要。
答案 (1)to maintain (2)maintainable
(3)maintenance (4)The cost of repairs and maintenance of (5) to maintain the natural balance
知识点6 circumstance n. 条件;状况;境况;(尤指)经济状况
(P17)In the circumstances, it's time for a spacewalk.
在这种情况下,是时候进行太空行走了。
知识拓展
in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下
in/under no circumstances 决不;无论如何都不
经典佳句
In the circumstances, we must rely on ourselves.
在这样的情况下,我们必须依靠自己。
Under no circumstances should you lend Paul any money.
你无论如何都不能借钱给保罗。
名师点拨
表示“决不;无论如何也不”的短语有at no time、in no way、in no sense、on no account、on no condition等,这些短语置于句首时,句子要用部分倒装。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)We can't take measures until we know all the (circumstance).
(2) no circumstances must you leave your position.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3) apologize to that guy.
我绝对不会向那个家伙道歉。
(4)But her parents were determined to let her .
但她的父母决心让她在这种情况下接受最好的教育。
答案 (1)circumstances (2)Under/In (3)Under no circumstances will I (4)get the best education possible under the circumstances
知识点7 exposure n.面临;遭受;揭露; 报道 *expose vt.揭露;揭发;使曝光;显露 *exposed adj.无保护的;无遮蔽的
(P17)First, we put on our spacesuits, which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation.
首先,我们穿上航天服,它使我们能够在太空中呼吸,保护我们免受寒冷和辐射的伤害。
知识拓展
exposure to 曝光于;显露于
exposure of ……的暴露
be exposed to 被暴露在……;接触……
经典佳句
Prolonged exposure to harmful radiation will cause great harm to your health, so never expose yourself to it.
长期接触有害的辐射会对你的健康造成很大的危害, 所以千万不要把自己暴露在辐射中。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Exposure unprotected skin to the sun carries the risk of developing skin cancer.
(2)So all (expose) skin should be covered with protective cream.
(3)Children's (expose) to these pollutants has been associated with harmful impacts on their mental development.
(4)I (expose) to the thoughts of some of the world's best writers.
答案 (1)of (2)exposed (3)exposure (4)am exposed
知识点8 furthermore adv. 此外;再者
(P17)Furthermore, to keep our body healthy, we must ensure a balanced supply of nutrients by taking pills.
此外,为了保持身体健康,我们必须通过吃药来保证营养的均衡供应。
经典佳句
He said he had not discussed the matter with her. Furthermore, he had not even contacted her.
他说他没有和她讨论过这个问题。而且,他甚至没有和她联系过。
名师点拨
表示“此外”的词还有moreover、besides、additionally、in addition等。
融会应用 翻译句子
此外,背景音乐往往预示着情绪的变化。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案 In addition/Besides/Furthermore/Additionally, background music often foreshadows a change in mood.
知识点9 vital adj. 必不可少的;对……极重要的;维持生命所必需的 *vitally adv.极其;绝对
(P17)Spending some time in the gym is of vital importance to astronauts' health.
花些时间在健身房锻炼对宇航员的健康至关重要。
知识拓展
be vital to/for 对……极重要的
It is vital that...(should) do... 重要的是……
经典佳句
Reading is of vital importance in language learning.
阅读在语言学习中至关重要。
It is vital that you keep accurate records when you are self-employed.
你独自经营时要准确记录账目,这十分重要。
名师点拨
在“ It is vital that...”句式中, that 从句要用虚拟语气, 即谓语动词用“( should +)动词原形”。类似的句式还有“It is necessary/natural/important/strange/essential that...”等。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Perseverance is vital success.
(2)It's vital that we (be) present.
(3)That is why it is vital (observe) the light.
(4)Getting your students involved in classroom activities is (vital) important.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(5) in an emergency.
在紧急情况下,保持镇静至关重要。
答案 (1)to/for (2)(should) be (3)to observe
(4)vitally (5)It is vital to stay calm
知识点10 discipline vt.严格要求(自己);惩罚;训练 n.训练;纪律;行为准则;自制力
(P17)Considering these negative effects low gravity has on the human body, we discipline ourselves to do at least two hours of exercise every day.
考虑到低重力对人体的这些负面影响,我们要求自己每天至少锻炼两个小时。
知识拓展
discipline sb for 因……而处罚某人
discipline yourself (to do sth) 严格约束自己(去做某事)
discipline problems 纪律问题
经典佳句
The officers were disciplined for using racist language.
这些军官因使用种族歧视性语言而受到惩罚。
It takes a lot of self-discipline to go jogging in winter.
在冬天跑步是需要很大的自律力的。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)Try to discipline (you) to write every day.
(2)Different cultures have different ways of (discipline) their children.
答案 (1)yourself (2)disciplining
短 语 句 式
知识点11 cast new light on使进一步了解……
(P16)Hopefully, it will cast new light on the Earth's climate and lead to better lightning protection.
希望它能使人们更加了解地球的气候,并带来更好的防雷措施。
知识拓展
cast about/around for 苦苦思索;四处寻找
cast down 使沮丧
cast off 摆脱;抛弃;解开(缆绳等)
cast out 驱逐;赶走
be cast away (船遇难后幸存者)流落某处
经典佳句
His words cast a new light on the problem.
他的话使人们对这个问题有了新的认识。
Human genome research is casting new light on Alzheimer's disease.
人类基因组研究为阿尔茨海默病带来了新的曙光。
融会应用 选词填空
cast down;be cast away;cast off;cast out;cast about/around for; cast new light on
(1)Finding out the truth made Tom .
(2)The town is still trying to its dull image.
(3)They on a desert island.
(4)He hurriedly something to say.
(5)He claimed to have the power the enemy.
(6)Recent research has the causes of the disease.
答案 (1)cast down (2)cast off (3)were cast away (4)cast about/around for (5)to cast out
(6)cast new light on
知识点12 in view of 鉴于; 考虑到
(P17)In view of the low-gravity environment, eating is also different in space.
鉴于低重力环境,太空中的饮食也有所不同。
知识拓展
in view of the foregoing 鉴于上述……
in view of time 由于时间关系
in view of situation 针对情况
come in view of... ……进入视域内
经典佳句
In view of the fact that Hobson was not a trained economist, his achievements were remarkable.
鉴于霍布森是非科班出身的经济学家,他的成就是很了不起的。
In view of the shortage of time,each person may only speak for five minutes.
由于时间有限,每个人只能发言5分钟。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)Residents were warned not to be extravagant with water, this year.
鉴于今年降雨量少,居民被告诫不得浪费用水。
(2) , the event will now be held indoors.
考虑到天气,这项赛事将在室内进行。
(3) , we'll have to revise our original plan.
考虑到目前这种情况,我们不得不修改原来的计划。
(4)We as we turned the corner.
我们转过角落就看见那个湖了。
答案 (1)in view of the low rainfall (2)In view of the weather (3)In view of the present situation (4)came in view of the lake
知识点13 it作形式主语
(P16)It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual beds don't bother us any more.
试着背部没有压力入睡是奇怪的,但我们不再为这些特别的床而烦恼了。
知识拓展
句中的it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面that 引导的主语从句。
It作形式主语的常见句型:
It is+adj.+(for/of sb) to do sth. (对某人而言)做某事很……。
It is+adj./n.+that 从句
It is no good/use doing sth.
做某事是没有好/用处的。
It is necessary for the young to master two foreign languages.
年轻人掌握两门外语是必要的。
名师点拨
在“It is/was+adj.+(for/of sb) to do sth”句式中,for前面的形容词通常是difficult、necessary、important、quick、easy等,这些形容词多与事物的特征有关。而of前面的形容词常常是wise、kind、stupid、silly、bright、nice、good等,这些形容词常常与人的性格特点有关。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Sometimes it may be helpful (use) examples to explain abstract concepts.
(2)Though it is nice you to put him up,it is impossible him to sleep on such a small bed.
(3)It's no use (argue) with her—she won't listen.
Ⅱ.同义句转换
(4)You are careless to make so many mistakes in the exam.
→ (it作形式主语)
答案 (1)to use (2)of;for (3)arguing (4)It is careless of you to make so many mistakes in the exam.
知识点14 as引导让步状语从句
(P17)Splendid as the view of the Earth is,spacewalking is not as exciting as you might think.
虽然地球的景色十分壮观,但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。
知识拓展
本句是一个倒装句,as引导让步状语从句,通常从句要用倒装形式,倒装的方法是将从句的表语或状语放在as之前。另外although、though可以引导让步状语从句;although不用倒装;though可以倒装也可以不倒装。
Tired as/though he is, he offers to help me.
尽管他已经很累了,他还是主动提出帮助我。
Hard as/though he works,he makes little progress.
尽管他学习很努力,但几乎没取得什么进步。
Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.
虽然他是一个孩子,但他知道该做什么。
Try as/though she might, Sue couldn't get the door open.
无论Sue怎样鼓捣,她就是打不开门。
融会应用 用倒装句改写下列句子
(1)Although it was raining heavily outside,they started out very early.
→ ,they started out very early.
(2)Although atoms are small,they are made up of still smaller units.
→ ,they are made up of still smaller units.
答案 (1)Heavily as/though it was raining outside (2)Small as/though atoms are
知识点15 that's why...
(P17)That's why every spacewalk is carefully planned.
这就是为什么每次太空行走都要精心计划。
知识拓展
句中的that's why...意为“这就是……的原因”,其中why引导表语从句,why后面跟的是结果。
That's because...意为“这是因为……”,because后面跟的是原因。
The reason why...is that... 意为“……的原因是……”,其中why引导的是定语从句,是结果;that引导的是表语从句,是原因。
That is why there are many versions of the same story.
这就是为什么同一个故事有很多版本。
That's because rest and recovery are not the same thing.
这是因为休息和恢复是不一样的。
The reason why the injection needs repeating every year is that the virus changes.
每年需要重新注射的原因是这种病毒会变化。
融会应用 一句多译
他错过了公共汽车,这就是他上学迟到的原因。
→He missed the bus, .
→He was late for school .
→ he missed the bus.
答案 that's why he was late for school; because he missed the bus; The reason why he was late for school is that
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.We are playing a trick on a man who keeps (bother) me.
2.This represents a big advance in the way (microscope) are used.
3.What is the best course of action in the (circumstance)
4.Sunlight consists of different wavelengths of (radiate).
5.When he went into retirement, he (visible) withered(变得虚弱).
6.The lungs are in fact constructed of thousands of tiny (tube).
7.Why do I have to take all these (pill)
8.Education is (vital)important for the country's future.
9.Dieting is a matter of (discipline) yourself.
10.The blast left him with (permanent) impaired hearing.
答案 1.bothering 2.microscopes 3.circumstances
4.radiation 5.visibly 6.tubes 7.pills 8.vitally
9.disciplining 10.permanently
Ⅱ.选词填空
take place;come to an end;more than;in the circumstances;
be based on;set up; due to; be of vital importance to
1.China Daily is a newspaper. It can help us learn English.
2. ,it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.
3.At last, the meeting .
4.We may never discover what that night.
5.It combine theory with practice in our studies.
6.Musicians have washing stations to protect the homeless.
7.The novel his travels in India.
8.Over 50 factory workers were rushed to the hospital a gas leak.
答案 1.more than 2.In the circumstances
3.came to an end 4.took place 5.is of vital importance to 6.set up 7.is based on 8.due to
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.I was heartsick, for I felt that the splendid years of my carefree childhood had .
我很难过,因为我觉得我无忧无虑的童年美好时光已结束了。
2.His failures were largely concepts like mass, velocity, force and temperature.
他的失败主要是因为缺乏像质量、速度、力和温度这样的概念。
3.The objective is health education on myopia prevention among pupils.
目的是评估健康教育对小学生预防近视的效果。
4.His words were of little comfort .
在这种情况下,他的话起不了什么安慰作用。
5. , reading is our main hobby.
闲暇时间,读书便是我们的最大爱好。
答案 1.come to an end 2.due to the absence of 3.to evaluate the effects of 4.in the circumstances
5.During our leisure time
衔接高考
单句填空
1.(2022·全国乙)That includes huge savings in (maintain) costs and better protection of railway personnel safety.
2.(2022·新高考Ⅱ)We require one chaperone(监护人)per ten children. Failure to provide enough chaperones will result in an extra charge of $50 per (absence) adult.
3.(2023·山东第一次)I only have seven people reporting to me. Yet, sometimes I feel like pulling my hair out. I need to find away (create) harmony within my department.
4.(2023·山东第二次)I don't bother hats and gloves or that sort of things. I find it gets in the way.
答案 1.maintenance 2.absent 3.to create 4.with
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