Unit 2 Section Ⅴ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【学习目标】
1.通过分析课文结构,了解文本大意,培养略读和查读等阅读能力。(语言能力, 学习能力)
2.通过分析课文细节,培养分析长难句的能力。(学习能力)
3.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。(语言能力)
【自主预习】
Step 1 单词认读
1.launch a 发射火箭
2. in 在……的投资
3. waste 核废料
4. the earth 绕地球运行
5.a strong 强烈的动机
6.the of the world 世界的起源
7.on the 在边境上
8.word 词汇出现率
9. the volume计算容积
10.classic 经典故事
答案 1.rocket 2.investment 3.nuclear 4.orbit
5.motive 6.origin 7.frontier 8.frequency
9.calculate 10.tale
Step 2 短语记诵
1. 弄清……的意义
2. 太阳系
3. 生活质量
4. 渴望做某事
5. 远古传说
6.be fascinated by
7.remain curious about
8.vast mountain ranges
9.career opportunities
10.shape one's life
答案 1.make sense of 2.solar system 3.quality of lives 4.desire to do sth 5.ancient tales 6.着迷于 7.对……保持好奇 8.广阔的山脉 9.就业机会
10.影响……的生活
Step 3 佳句赏析
1.Some people believe that while space exploration expands our understanding of the universe, it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to enhance the quality of our lives here on the Earth.(while引导让步状语从句)
翻译 有些人认为,虽然太空探索扩大了我们对宇宙的了解,但它是对公共资金的浪费,对提高我们在地球上的生活质量没有任何帮助。
仿写 , the potential market is large.
尽管这种增长的数量相对来说很小,但是潜在的市场是巨大的。
2.With each space mission comes greater insight, thus motivating us to continue along the same path of adventure.(完全倒装)
翻译 每一次太空任务都会带来更深刻的认识,从而激励我们继续沿着同样的冒险之路前进。
仿写 the close association of age and stage.
随着这种变化,年龄和阶段的紧密联系即将结束。
答案 1.While the numbers of such developments are relatively small 2.With this variety will come the end of
【合作探究】
语篇研读
细读课文,明确教材细节
Choose the best answers according to the passage on Pages 25-26.
1.Why do humans continue to explore space
A.Because we need more space to exist.
B.Because it is in our nature to explore.
C.Because it can enhance the quality of our life.
D.Because Stephen Hawking inspired us to explore.
2.Which is NOT the benefit of investment in space exploration
A.To provide inspiration for the next generation.
B.To bring great economic value.
C.To provide more jobs.
D.To receive more media coverage.
答案 1~2 BD
新知探究
核 心 单 词
知识点1 origin n.起源;起因;出身 *original adj.起初的;原先的;原作的 *originate vt.发明;创立 vi.发源;起源
(P25)The results of these space investigations have made major contributions to an understanding of the origin, evolution, and likely future of the universe, such as planets, stars, and all other forms of matter and energy.
这些空间研究的结果对理解宇宙的起源、演化和可能的未来,如行星、恒星和所有其他形式的物质和能量,做出了重大贡献。
知识拓展
the origin of ……的起源
in origin 起源于
the country/place of origin 原产国/原产地
originate from 发源于
经典佳句
The origin of the word remains obscure.
该词的来源尚不清楚。
Their medical problems are basically physical in origin.
他们的疾病基本是身体上的问题造成的。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)The tradition has its origins the Middle Ages.
(2)Two thirds of the pupils are Asian origin.
(3)A lot of our medicines (origin) from tropical plants.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(4)(2023·江苏无锡一中月考)I think it is better than to see the film based on it.
我认为读原著比看由原著改编的电影更好。
答案 (1)in (2)of (3)originate (4)to read the original work
知识点2 frequency n.发生率;出现率; 频繁;频率 *frequent adj.频繁的;时常发生的 *frequently adv. 频繁地;经常;时常
(P26)Shock absorbers originally applied to the space shuttle launch have also been set up in the cities with a high frequency of earthquakes in order to protect buildings and save lives.
原本用于航天飞机发射的减震器也被安装在地震频繁的城市,以保护建筑物和拯救生命。
知识拓展
the frequency of ……的频率
the high/low frequency (of sth) (某事物的)高/低频率
with increasing frequency 越来越频繁
high/low frequency 高/低频
经典佳句
She always referred to them as “the shifting population”, for they came and went with such frequency that she never even got a chance to learn their names.
她总是称他们为“流动人口”,因为他们来往太频繁,她甚至都没有机会知道他们的名字。
Helen was so busy in her work that she frequently stayed up until midnight.
海伦忙于工作,经常工作到半夜。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Buses run (frequent) between the city and the airport.
(2)The (frequent) of Kara's phone calls increased rapidly.
Ⅱ.单句写作
(3)Side effects from prescribed drugs are being reported .
处方药的副作用越来越频繁地被报道出来。
(4)Her headaches are becoming .
她头痛的次数越来越少了。
答案 (1)frequently (2)frequency (3)with increasing frequency (4)less frequent
知识点3 motive n.(尤指隐藏的)原因;动机;目的 *motivation n.动力;积极性 *motivate v. 激发;激励 *motivated adj.有动机的;有积极性的
(P26)This should be a strong motive for continuing to explore space.
这应该是继续探索太空的一个强有力的动机。
知识拓展
motive for (doing) sth (做)某事的动机
the motivation for (doing) sth (做)某事的动机(原因)
motivate sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
经典佳句
It is impossible to give a satisfactory explanation for a pot-holer's motives.
要对洞穴探险者的动机给出满意的解释是不可能的。
They are motivated by a need to achieve.
对成功的渴望激励着他们。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)A good teacher has to be able (motivate)her students.
(2)Jack is an intelligent pupil, but he lacks (motive).
(3)The police believe the motive this murder was jealousy.
(4)So my dream of being a teacher (motivate) me to keep up with others.
答案 (1)to motivate (2)motivation
(3)for (4)motivates
知识点4 investment n.投资;投入 *invest vt. 投资;投入;授予
(P26)Although space exploration demands huge investment, the space industry can actually bring great economic value.
虽然太空探索需要巨大的投资,但航天业实际上可以带来巨大的经济价值。
知识拓展
make an investment (in sth) (对某物)进行投资
short-term/long-term investment 短期/长期投资
stimulate/encourage/attract investment 刺激/鼓励/吸引投资
invest (sth) in sth 投资(某事物)于……
经典佳句
In order for this to happen skillfully and expertly, they have recommended that countries work together to provide investment and expertise.
为了巧妙和熟练地实现这一点,他们建议各国共同努力提供投资和专门技能。
I tried to dissuade her from investing her money in stocks and shares.
我曾设法劝她不要投资于股票和证券。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The lessons cost me over $500, but I consider them a good (invest).
(2)The city (invest) millions of dollars in the museum so far.
答案 (1)investment (2)has invested
知识点5 calculate vt.计算;核算;预测 *calculation n.计算;推算 *calculator n.计算器;计算者
(P26)It has been calculated that the global space economy is increasing by billions of dollars every year.
据估计,全球太空经济每年以数十亿美元的速度增长。
知识拓展
be calculated to do sth 打算或计划做某事
calculate on (doing) sth 指望或依靠(做)某事
It has been calculated that... 据估算……
经典佳句
Her latest play is calculated to shock.
她最新推出的剧本故意要耸人听闻。
We cannot calculate on his help.
我们不能指望他的帮助。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)We can't calculate good weather for the barbecue.
(2)This advertisement is calculated (attract) the attention of housewives.
(3)By his (calculate), it could save airlines hundreds of millions of dollars a year.
(4)It has been (calculate) that the loss caused by the earthquake is likely to be beyond a hundred million dollars.
答案 (1)on (2)to attract (3)calculation
(4)calculated
知识点6 assistant n.助理;售货员;助教 adj.助理的;副的 *assist v.帮助;协助 *assistance n.帮助;援助
(P26)There are many support staff on the ground, such as engineers, mechanics and research assistants.
地面上有许多支持人员,如工程师、机械师和研究助理。
知识拓展
assist (sb) in (doing) sth 帮助(某人)(做)某事
assist sb with sth 帮助某人某事
assist sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事
经典佳句
The shop assistant rushed out of the shop to assist the old lady with her luggage. With his assistance, the old lady crossed the road.
售货员冲出商店,帮助老太太拿她的行李。在他的帮助下,老太太过了马路。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
(1)Two men are assisting the police their enquiries.
(2)We will assist you in (find) somewhere to live.
(3)“So do I,” said Harry. “We really should do something (assist) them.”
(4)China will continue to increase its (assist) to Africa in both quantity and quality.
Ⅱ.一句多译
一队护士协助医生进行手术。
(5) (assist sb in doing)
(6) (assist sb with sth)
(7) (with the assistance of)
答案 (1)in/with (2)finding (3)to assist (4)assistance (5)A team of nurses assisted the doctor in performing the operation. (6)A team of nurses assisted the doctor with the operation.
(7)With the assistance of a team of nurses, the doctor performed the operation.
知识点7 incredibly adv.极其;极端地;令人难以置信地 *incredible adj.难以置信的;极好的;极大的
(P26)Such wonders as a space shuttle launch or astronauts walking on the Moon are incredibly exciting and inspiring to witness, and it can be these moments that shape children's lives forever and motivate them to become the scientists and engineers of the future.
见证像航天飞机发射或航天员在月球上行走这样的奇迹真是极其令人兴奋和鼓舞人心的,这些时刻可以永远影响孩子们的人生,激励他们成为未来的科学家和工程师。
知识拓展
It's incredible that... 让人难以置信的是……
经典佳句
The emergency room is incredibly busy this summer.
今年夏天急诊室异常繁忙。
It is truly incredible that we can create images of this sophistication using science.
我们能够用科学创造出这种复杂的图像真的令人难以置信。
融会应用 单句填空
(1)The knife had pierced his heart, but (incredible) he was still alive.
(2)It's incredible he survived the fall.
(3) is incredible how much Tom has changed since he met Sally.
答案 (1)incredibly (2)that (3)It
知识点8 shelter n.居所;住处;庇护 vt.保护;掩蔽 vi.躲避
(P27)We should find permanent shelter that offers long-term protection from radiation.
我们应该找到能长期保护我们不受辐射伤害的永久避难所。
知识拓展
take shelter from... 躲避……
shelter...from... 保护/遮蔽……不/免受……
shelter from... 躲避……
经典佳句
These plants must be sheltered from direct sunlight.
必须使这些植物不受阳光直射。
It's so hot,and we'd better find a tree to take shelter from the sun.
太热了,我们最好找棵树来遮阳。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)After the terrible earthquake, the homeless need not only food and water but also .
可怕的地震过后,无家可归的人不仅需要食物和水,还需要合适的住所。
(2)We sat in the shade, the sun.
我们坐在背阴处,避免被晒到。
答案 (1)proper shelter (2)sheltering from
知识点9 constant adj.固定的;不变的;连续发生的;重复的 *constantly adv.不断地;时常地
(P27)It would protect us against radiation and keep inner atmospheric pressure constant as well.
它可以保护我们不受辐射的伤害,也可以保持内部大气压恒定不变。
知识拓展
constant temperature/speed 恒温;常速
经典佳句
This entrance is in constant use.
此入口经常使用。
The brain requires a constant supply of oxygen.
大脑需要持续的供氧。
融会应用 单句写作
(1)There was visitors to the house.
去看这幢房子的游客川流不息。
(2)He his family while he was in Australia.
他在澳大利亚时一直和家人保持着联系。
(3)The English language is .
英语在不断地变化着。
答案 (1)a constant stream of (2)kept in constant contact with (3)constantly changing
短 语 句 式
知识点10 while引导让步状语从句
(P25)Some people believe that while space exploration expands our understanding of the universe, it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to enhance the quality of our lives here on the Earth.
有些人认为,虽然太空探索扩大了我们对宇宙的了解,但它是对公共资金的浪费,对提高我们在地球上的生活质量没有任何帮助。
知识拓展
句中的while space exploration expands our understanding of the universe为while引导的让步状语从句。
(1)while用作从属连词,引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然;尽管”,相当于though。
(2)while用作从属连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“当……的时候”。从句中的谓语动词通常是延续性动词。
(3)while用作并列连词,表对比,意为“而”。
(4)while用作从属连词,引导条件状语从句,意为“只要”,相当于as long as。
(5)while用作名词,意为“一会儿;一段时间”,主要用于短语中;after a while“过了一会儿”;for a while“暂时;一会儿”;all the while“一直;始终”。
融会应用 单句写作
(1) ,there is hope.
只要有生命就有希望。
(2)The boy is good at maths .
那个男孩擅长数学而他妹妹擅长语文。
(3) ,I can't agree with you.
虽然我明白你的话,但我还是不认同。
(4)They and then went to work.
他们聊了一会儿然后就去上班了。
答案 (1)While there is life (2)while his sister is good at Chinese (3)While I understand what you say (4)chatted for a while
知识点11 完全倒装
(P25)With each space mission comes greater insight, thus motivating us to continue along the same path of adventure.
每一次太空任务都会带来更深刻的认识,从而激励我们继续沿着同样的冒险之路前进。
知识拓展
With each space mission comes greater insight为完全倒装句,正常语序为greater insight comes with each space mission。
为了保持句子平衡,或为了强调表语,或使上下文紧密衔接,有时候句子也会使用完全倒装结构。
Bright, very bright were the stars over the wild, dark hills.
群星在荒芜黑暗的山丘上闪耀着。
On either side of the road were rows of fruit trees.
路的两边都是一排排的果树。
Gone are the days when the country had to depend on foreign oil.
这个国家不得不依赖外国石油的日子一去不复返了。
Such is our great motherland, a beautiful country with a long history.
这就是我们伟大的祖国,一个美丽而又历史悠久的国家。
融会应用 单句写作
(1) Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.
怀特教授、史密斯教授和许多其他客人出席了会议。
(2) was a large peach orchard.
村子南端附近有一个大桃园。
答案 (1)Present at the meeting were (2)Near the southern end of the village
知识点12 倍数的常用表达
(P27)Radiation levels on the surface of Mars are two and a half times higher than those on the International Space Station.
火星表面的辐射水平比国际空间站的高出2.5倍。
知识拓展
(1)原级比较时,表示“两倍”要用double或twice,三倍或三倍以上用“基数词+times”。有时我们也用分数、百分数等代替倍数。
(2)倍数的另外两种常用表达法如下:
①A+谓语+倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B
②A+谓语+倍数+the size (length、 depth、 value、 price、 height等)+of+B
The car runs twice faster than that truck.
这辆汽车的速度比那辆卡车快两倍。
The road is four times the length of that one.
这条路是那条路的四倍长。
融会应用 翻译句子
我们学校是他们学校的三倍大。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案 Our school is three times as big as theirs./Our school is twice bigger than theirs./Our school is three times the size of theirs.
【随堂检测】
夯实基础
Ⅰ.品句填空
1.The money could simply go into the public (资金), helping to lower taxes.
2.The media have been filled with (描述) of horror and loss resulting from Monday's earthquake.
3.Thomas has not forgotten his humble (出身).
4. (投资) is becoming a chancy business.
5.From this you can c the total mass in the Galaxy.
6.H and oxygen combine to form water.
7.The m for the killing is unknown.
8.Now a special TV network gives live c of most races.
答案 1.purse 2.tales 3.origins 4.Investment
5.calculate 6.Hydrogen 7.motive 8.coverage
Ⅱ.选词填空
make sense of; be curious about; set up;be fascinated by; make contributions to; land on
1.The planes adjacent(邻近的) runways.
2.Your creative imagination is what you use to your experiences.
3.I've always his ideas.
4.Steve the world I came from.
5.It's our duty to our motherland.
6.The government announced the of a special fund.
答案 1.landed on 2.make sense of 3.been fascinated by 4.was curious about 5.make contributions to 6.setting up
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.I finally an ideal car.
我最后选中了一辆理想的轿车。
2.Marketing everything these days, and books are no exception.
现在市场营销被应用于任何事物,图书也不例外。
3.These shoes seem to be by machines.
这些鞋看上去是用机器大批量生产的。
4.He ranges far and wide for his paintings.
他四处漫步,寻找绘画的灵感。
5. technology might make Antarctica a lot more accessible three decades from now.
科技的进步可能会让人们在三十年后更容易到达南极洲。
6.Jane and I decided to stay on here as .
简和我决定留在这里做研究助理。
7.We will keep this policy under review as we the virus and its effects.
随着我们对这一病毒和其影响了解得更多,我们将继续审查这一政策。
8.There are both approaches.
两种方法都有好处。
9.My teacher organized a unit on that really sparked my interest.
我的老师编排了一个关于太空探索的单元,它真正激发了我的兴趣。
答案 1.settled on 2.is applied to 3.mass produced 4.in search of inspiration 5.Advances in
6.research assistants 7.learn more about 8.benefits to 9.space exploration
Ⅳ.语法填空
In 1969, when Neil Armstrong first landed on the Moon, many people thought that soon we would be 1.(regular) visiting other planets in our solar system and would even dare to travel beyond it.
It is in our nature to explore. From the very early days of human life on the Earth, our curiosity 2. the unknown has kept us 3.(adventure) into new places. We long to visit thick and wild forests, climb vast mountain ranges, and cross deep oceans. We desire to explore 4. furthest frontier of all—space. As Stephen Hawking once said, “Remember to look up at the stars and not down at your feet. Try to make sense of 5. you see and wonder about what 6.(make) the universe exist. Be curious.” That we 7.(fascinate) by the sky is evident in ancient tales from around the world, such as that of Chang'e. While space 8.(explore) is a reality, we remain curious about the 9. (mystery) of the universe. With each space mission comes greater insight, thus motivating us 10.(continue) along the same path of adventure.
答案 1.regularly 2.about 3.adventuring 4.the
5.what 6.makes 7.are fascinated 8.exploration
9.mysteries 10.to continue
【课外拓展】
视野拓展
1.One of his occupations is fishing,which occupies most of his spare time,and his wife often reminds him to be occupied with his work.
他的业余活动之一是钓鱼,这占用了他大部分的业余时间,他的妻子经常提醒他要专注于他的工作。
2.Because I am Chinese, I wanted the children to keep exposed to the language and culture.
因为我是中国人, 所以我想让孩子们持续接触这种语言和文化。
3.It's vital that food is made available to the famine-hit areas.
把食物送到遭受饥荒的地区是至关重要的。
4.There are certain things that are absolutely basic to the maintenance of a good relationship.
要保持良好的关系, 有些条件是必不可少的。
5.Poland, in view of its geography and history, has always taken its security needs seriously.
鉴于地理和历史原因,波兰一直非常注重自身的安全需求。
英美文化
美篇导读
《谁动了我的奶酪》是由美国作家斯宾塞·约翰逊创作的一个寓言故事,内容充满了人生中有关变化的寓意深长的真理。这是一个有趣且能启蒙智慧的故事,内容主要是在描绘四个住在“迷宫”里的人物,他们竭尽所能地寻找能滋养他们身心、使他们快乐的“奶酪”。
美篇呈现
Everyone laughed.
“They wanted to sniff out the changes ahead of time① and scurry into action,rather than get hemmed in and be left behind②.”
Nathan said,“That's a good point.No one in our company would want to look like Hem.They might even change.Why didn't you tell us this story at our last reunion This could work.”
Michael said,“It does work.”
“It works best,of course,when everyone in your organization knows the story—whether it is in a large corporation,a small business or your family—because an organization can only change when enough people in it change.”
Then he offered one last thought: “When we saw how well it worked for us,we passed the story along to people we wanted to do business with,knowing they were also dealing with change.We suggested we might be their ‘New Cheese’ — that is③,better partners for them to succeed with.It led to new business.”
That gave Jessica several ideas and reminded her that she had some early sales calls in the morning.She looked at her watch and said,“Well,it's time for me to leave this Cheese Station and find some New Cheese.”
The group laughed and began saying their goodbyes.Many of them wanted to continue the conversation but needed to leave.As they left,they thanked Michael again.
He said,“I'm very glad you found the story so useful,and I hope that you will have the opportunity to share it with others soon.”
大家都大笑了起来。
“他们都想提前嗅出变化的味道,并且赶快投入行动,而不再是落在后头哼哼不停。”
内森说:“这是一个好点子。我想我们公司的人都不愿做哼哼,他们甚至可能会(因为这个故事而)改变。上一次聚会时,你为什么没有告诉我们这个故事 要不然,它早就起作用了。”
“它确实有用,”迈克尔说。
“而且非常有用!尤其是当你的机构中的每个人都知道它时——不管是大公司,还是小企业,或者是你的家庭——因为只有当其中的多数人的心态发生改变以后,一个组织才会发生变化。”
最后,迈克尔又给大家介绍了一个经验:“当这个故事对我们的公司起作用以后,我们便把故事告诉给那些我们希望能和他们在生意上有合作的人,因为我们知道他们也正面临变化。我们提议说,也许我们公司就是他们(正在找寻)的‘新奶酪’,也就是说,我们可能就是能让他们的生意更成功的合作伙伴。这方法(的确)为我们带来了许多新的生意。”
这番话使杰西卡受到启发,她想起上午要谈的几笔业务。她(赶紧)看了看时间,说:“喔,时间到了,该是我离开这个奶酪站,去寻找新的奶酪的时候了”。
大家都会心地笑了起来,然后站起身来互相道别。尽管许多人觉得意犹未尽,还想继续聊这个话题,但时间的确已经不早了。分手的时候,他们再一次感谢迈克尔。
迈克尔说:“我非常高兴你们觉得这个故事对你们有用,我也衷心希望你们有机会尽快与别人分享这个故事。”
知识积累
①ahead of time 提前
②leave behind 落后
③that is 也就是说
素养链接
斯宾塞·约翰逊(Spencer Johnson),医学博士,他是全球知名的思想先锋、演说家和畅销书作家。他的许多观点,使成千上万的人发现了生活中的简单真理,使人们的生活更健康、更成功、更轻松。
2(共62张PPT)
UNIT 2 Out of this world
Section Ⅴ Extended reading & Project & Assessment
1.通过分析课文结构，了解文本大意，培养略读和查读等阅读能力。（语言能力, 学习能力）
2.通过分析课文细节，培养分析长难句的能力。（学习能力）
3.通过对教材的理解,了解重要语言点的基本用法。（语言能力）
1.launch a_______发射火箭
rocket
2.__________ in 在……的投资
investment
3.________waste 核废料
nuclear
4._____the earth 绕地球运行
orbit
5.a strong _______强烈的动机
motive
6.the ______of the world 世界的起源
origin
7.on the ________ 在边境上
frontier
8.word__________ 词汇出现率
9._________ the volume计算容积
10.classic _____经典故事
frequency
calculate
tale
1.______________弄清……的意义
make sense of
2.____________太阳系
solar system
3._______________生活质量
quality of lives
4._______________渴望做某事
desire to do sth
5.____________远古传说
ancient tales
6.be fascinated by________
着迷于
7.remain curious about ________________
对……保持好奇
8.vast mountain ranges____________
广阔的山脉
9.career opportunities__________
就业机会
10.shape one's life________________
影响……的生活
1.Some people believe that while space exploration expands our understanding of the
universe, it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to enhance the quality of
our lives here on the Earth.（while引导让步状语从句）
翻译 有些人认为，虽然太空探索扩大了我们对宇宙的了解，但它是对公共资金的浪费，
对提高我们在地球上的生活质量没有任何帮助。
仿写 _______________________________________________________, the potential
market is large.
尽管这种增长的数量相对来说很小，但是潜在的市场是巨大的。
While the numbers of such developments are relatively small
2.With each space mission comes greater insight, thus motivating us to continue along
the same path of adventure.（完全倒装）
翻译 每一次太空任务都会带来更深刻的认识,从而激励我们继续沿着同样的冒险之路前进。
仿写 ___________________________________the close association of age and stage.
随着这种变化，年龄和阶段的紧密联系即将结束。
With this variety will come the end of
细读课文，明确教材细节
Choose the best answers according to the passage on Pages 25-26.
1.Why do humans continue to explore space ( )
B
A.Because we need more space to exist.
B.Because it is in our nature to explore.
C.Because it can enhance the quality of our life.
D.Because Stephen Hawking inspired us to explore.
2.Which is NOT the benefit of investment in space exploration ( )
D
A.To provide inspiration for the next generation.
B.To bring great economic value.
C.To provide more jobs.
D.To receive more media coverage.
核心单词
知识点1 origin n.起源；起因；出身 ＊original adj.起初的；原先的；原作的 ＊originate vt.发明；创立 vi.发源；起源
（P25）The results of these space investigations have made major contributions to an understanding of the origin, evolution, and likely future of the universe, such as planets, stars, and all other forms of matter and energy.
这些空间研究的结果对理解宇宙的起源、演化和可能的未来，如行星、恒星和所有其他形式的物质和能量，做出了重大贡献。
知识拓展
the origin of ……的起源
in origin 起源于
the country/place of origin 原产国/原产地
originate from 发源于
经典佳句
The origin of the word remains obscure.
该词的来源尚不清楚。
Their medical problems are basically physical in origin.
他们的疾病基本是身体上的问题造成的。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）The tradition has its origins___the Middle Ages.
in
（2）Two thirds of the pupils are ___Asian origin.
of
（3）A lot of our medicines _________（origin） from tropical plants.
originate
Ⅱ.单句写作
（4）（2023·江苏无锡一中月考）I think it is better _______________________ than
to see the film based on it.
我认为读原著比看由原著改编的电影更好。
to read the original work
知识点2 frequency n.发生率；出现率；频繁；频率 ＊frequent adj.频繁的；时常发生的 ＊frequently adv.频繁地；经常；时常
（P26）Shock absorbers originally applied to the space shuttle launch have also been set up in the cities with a high frequency of earthquakes in order to protect buildings and save lives.
原本用于航天飞机发射的减震器也被安装在地震频繁的城市，以保护建筑物和拯救生命。
知识拓展
the frequency of ……的频率
the high/low frequency （of sth） （某事物的）高/低频率
with increasing frequency 越来越频繁
high/low frequency 高/低频
经典佳句
She always referred to them as “the shifting population”, for they came and went with such frequency that she never even got a chance to learn their names.
她总是称他们为“流动人口”,因为他们来往太频繁,她甚至都没有机会知道他们的名字。
Helen was so busy in her work that she frequently stayed up until midnight.
海伦忙于工作，经常工作到半夜。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Buses run __________（frequent） between the city and the airport.
frequently
（2）The __________（frequent） of Kara's phone calls increased rapidly.
frequency
Ⅱ.单句写作
（3）Side effects from prescribed drugs are being reported _______________________.
处方药的副作用越来越频繁地被报道出来。
with increasing frequency
（4）Her headaches are becoming____________.
她头痛的次数越来越少了。
less frequent
知识点3 motive n.（尤指隐藏的）原因；动机；目的 ＊motivation n.动力；积极性 ＊motivate v.激发；激励 ＊motivated adj.有动机的；有积极性的
（P26）This should be a strong motive for continuing to explore space.
这应该是继续探索太空的一个强有力的动机。
知识拓展
motive for （doing） sth （做）某事的动机
the motivation for （doing） sth （做）某事的动机（原因）
motivate sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
经典佳句
It is impossible to give a satisfactory explanation for a pot-holer's motives
要对洞穴探险者的动机给出满意的解释是不可能的。
They are motivated by a need to achieve.
对成功的渴望激励着他们。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）A good teacher has to be able ___________（motivate）her students.
to motivate
（2）Jack is an intelligent pupil, but he lacks __________（motive）.
motivation
（3）The police believe the motive ____this murder was jealousy.
for
（4）So my dream of being a teacher _________ （motivate） me to keep up with
others.
motivates
知识点4 investment n.投资；投入 ＊invest vt.投资；投入；授予
（P26）Although space exploration demands huge investment, the space industry can actually bring great economic value.
虽然太空探索需要巨大的投资,但航天业实际上可以带来巨大的经济价值。
知识拓展
make an investment （in sth） （对某物）进行投资
short-term/long-term investment 短期/长期投资
stimulate/encourage/attract investment 刺激/鼓励/吸引投资
invest （sth） in sth 投资（某事物）于……
经典佳句
In order for this to happen skillfully and expertly, they have recommended that countries work together to provide investment and expertise.
为了巧妙和熟练地实现这一点,他们建议各国共同努力提供投资和专门技能。
I tried to dissuade her from investing her money in stocks and shares.
我曾设法劝她不要投资于股票和证券。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The lessons cost me over $500, but I consider them a good__________
（invest）.
investment
（2）The city____________（invest） millions of dollars in the museum so far.
has invested
知识点5 calculate vt.计算；核算；预测 ＊calculation n.计算；推算 ＊calculator n.计算器；计算者
（P26）It has been calculated that the global space economy is increasing by billions of dollars every year.
据估计,全球太空经济每年以数十亿美元的速度增长。
知识拓展
be calculated to do sth 打算或计划做某事
calculate on （doing） sth 指望或依靠（做）某事
It has been calculated that... 据估算……
经典佳句
Her latest play is calculated to shock.
她最新推出的剧本故意要耸人听闻。
We cannot calculate on his help.
我们不能指望他的帮助。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）We can't calculate ____good weather for the barbecue.
on
（2）This advertisement is calculated _________（attract） the attention of
housewives.
to attract
（3）By his __________（calculate）, it could save airlines hundreds of millions of
dollars a year.
calculation
（4）It has been __________（calculate） that the loss caused by the earthquake is
likely to be beyond a hundred million dollars.
calculated
知识点6 assistant n.助理；售货员；助教 adj.助理的；副的 ＊assist v.帮助；协助 ＊assistance n.帮助；援助
（P26）There are many support staff on the ground, such as engineers, mechanics and research assistants.
地面上有许多支持人员,如工程师、机械师和研究助理。
知识拓展
assist （sb） in （doing） sth 帮助（某人）（做）某事
assist sb with sth 帮助某人某事
assist sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事
经典佳句
The shop assistant rushed out of the shop to assist the old lady with her luggage. With his assistance, the old lady crossed the road.
售货员冲出商店,帮助老太太拿她的行李。在他的帮助下,老太太过了马路。
融会应用
Ⅰ.单句填空
（1）Two men are assisting the police _______their enquiries.
in/with
（2）We will assist you in _______（find） somewhere to live.
finding
（3）“So do I,” said Harry. “We really should do something _________（assist）
them.”
to assist
（4）China will continue to increase its __________（assist） to Africa in both
quantity and quality.
assistance
Ⅱ.一句多译
一队护士协助医生进行手术。
（5）___________________________________________________________（assist sb i
n doing）
A team of nurses assisted the doctor in performing the operation.
（6）___________________________________________________（assist sb with sth）
A team of nurses assisted the doctor with the operation.
（7）____________________________________________________________________
（with the assistance of）
With the assistance of a team of nurses, the doctor performed the operation.
知识点7 incredibly adv.极其；极端地；令人难以置信地 ＊incredible adj.难以置信的；极好的；极大的
（P26）Such wonders as a space shuttle launch or astronauts walking on the Moon are incredibly exciting and inspiring to witness, and it can be these moments that shape children's lives forever and motivate them to become the scientists and engineers of the future.
见证像航天飞机发射或航天员在月球上行走这样的奇迹真是极其令人兴奋和鼓舞人心的,这些时刻可以永远影响孩子们的人生,激励他们成为未来的科学家和工程师。
知识拓展
It's incredible that... 让人难以置信的是……
经典佳句
The emergency room is incredibly busy this summer.
今年夏天急诊室异常繁忙。
It is truly incredible that we can create images of this sophistication using science.
我们能够用科学创造出这种复杂的图像真的令人难以置信。
融会应用 单句填空
（1）The knife had pierced his heart, but __________（incredible） he was still alive.
incredibly
（2）It's incredible _____he survived the fall.
that
（3）___ is incredible how much Tom has changed since he met Sally.
It
知识点8 shelter n.居所；住处；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避
（P27）We should find permanent shelter that offers long-term protection from radiation.
我们应该找到能长期保护我们不受辐射伤害的永久避难所。
知识拓展
take shelter from... 躲避……
shelter...from... 保护/遮蔽……不/免受……
shelter from... 躲避……
经典佳句
These plants must be sheltered from direct sunlight.
必须使这些植物不受阳光直射。
It's so hot,and we'd better find a tree to take shelter from the sun.
太热了,我们最好找棵树来遮阳。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）After the terrible earthquake, the homeless need not only food and water but
also _____________.
可怕的地震过后,无家可归的人不仅需要食物和水,还需要合适的住所。
proper shelter
（2）We sat in the shade,______________ the sun.
我们坐在背阴处,避免被晒到。
sheltering from
知识点9 constant adj.固定的；不变的；连续发生的；重复的 ＊constantly adv.不断地；时常地
（P27）It would protect us against radiation and keep inner atmospheric pressure constant as well.
它可以保护我们不受辐射的伤害,也可以保持内部大气压恒定不变。
知识拓展
constant temperature/speed 恒温;常速
经典佳句
This entrance is in constant use.
此入口经常使用。
The brain requires a constant supply of oxygen.
大脑需要持续的供氧。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）There was ___________________visitors to the house.
去看这幢房子的游客川流不息。
a constant stream of
（2）He ___________________________his family while he was in Australia.
他在澳大利亚时一直和家人保持着联系。
kept in constant contact with
（3）The English language is__________________.
英语在不断地变化着。
constantly changing
短语句式
知识点10 while引导让步状语从句
（P25）Some people believe that while space exploration expands our understanding of the universe, it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to enhance the quality of our lives here on the Earth.
有些人认为，虽然太空探索扩大了我们对宇宙的了解，但它是对公共资金的浪费，对提高我们在地球上的生活质量没有任何帮助。
知识拓展
句中的while space exploration expands our understanding of the universe为while引导的让步状语从句。
（1）while用作从属连词,引导让步状语从句,意为“虽然;尽管”,相当于though。
（2）while用作从属连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“当……的时候”。从句中的谓语动词通常是延续性动词。
（3）while用作并列连词,表对比,意为“而”。
（4）while用作从属连词,引导条件状语从句,意为“只要”,相当于as long as。
（5）while用作名词,意为“一会儿;一段时间”,主要用于短语中;after a while“过了一会儿”;for a while“暂时;一会儿”;all the while“一直;始终”。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）__________________,there is hope.
只要有生命就有希望。
While there is life
（2）The boy is good at maths ________________________________.
那个男孩擅长数学而他妹妹擅长语文。
while his sister is good at Chinese
（3）_______________________________,I can't agree with you.
虽然我明白你的话,但我还是不认同。
While I understand what you say
（4）They __________________and then went to work.
他们聊了一会儿然后就去上班了。
chatted for a while
知识点11 完全倒装
（P25）With each space mission comes greater insight, thus motivating us to continue along the same path of adventure.
每一次太空任务都会带来更深刻的认识,从而激励我们继续沿着同样的冒险之路前进。
知识拓展
With each space mission comes greater insight为完全倒装句,正常语序为greater insight comes with each space mission。
为了保持句子平衡,或为了强调表语，或使上下文紧密衔接，有时候句子也会使用完全倒装结构。
Bright, very bright were the stars over the wild, dark hills.
群星在荒芜黑暗的山丘上闪耀着。
On either side of the road were rows of fruit trees.
路的两边都是一排排的果树。
Gone are the days when the country had to depend on foreign oil.
这个国家不得不依赖外国石油的日子一去不复返了。
Such is our great motherland, a beautiful country with a long history.
这就是我们伟大的祖国,一个美丽而又历史悠久的国家。
融会应用 单句写作
（1）__________________________ Professor White, Professor Smith and many other
guests.
怀特教授、史密斯教授和许多其他客人出席了会议。
Present at the meeting were
（2）_________________________________ was a large peach orchard.
村子南端附近有一个大桃园。
Near the southern end of the village
知识点12 倍数的常用表达
（P27）Radiation levels on the surface of Mars are two and a half times higher than those on the International Space Station.
火星表面的辐射水平比国际空间站的高出2.5倍。
知识拓展
（1）原级比较时,表示“两倍”要用double或twice,三倍或三倍以上用“基数词+times”。有时我们也用分数、百分数等代替倍数。
（2）倍数的另外两种常用表达法如下:
①A+谓语+倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B
②A+谓语+倍数+the size （length、 depth、 value、 price、 height等）+of+B
The car runs twice faster than that truck.
这辆汽车的速度比那辆卡车快两倍。
The road is four times the length of that one.
这条路是那条路的四倍长。
融会应用 翻译句子
我们学校是他们学校的三倍大。
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________
Our school is three times as big as theirs./Our school is twice bigger than theirs./Our school is three times the size of theirs.
Ⅰ.品句填空
1.The money could simply go into the public ______（资金）, helping to lower taxes.
purse
2.The media have been filled with _____（描述） of horror and loss resulting from
Monday's earthquake.
tales
3.Thomas has not forgotten his humble_______（出身）.
origins
4.___________（投资） is becoming a chancy business.
Investment
5.From this you can c________the total mass in the Galaxy.
alculate
6.H________and oxygen combine to form water.
ydrogen
7.The m______for the killing is unknown.
otive
8.Now a special TV network gives live c________of most races.
overage
Ⅱ.选词填空
make sense of; be curious about; set up;be fascinated by; make contributions to;
land on
1.The planes __________adjacent（邻近的） runways.
landed on
2.Your creative imagination is what you use to ______________your experiences.
make sense of
3.I've always __________________his ideas.
been fascinated by
4.Steve _________________the world I came from.
was curious about
5.It's our duty to ____________________our motherland.
make contributions to
6.The government announced the __________of a special fund.
setting up
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.I finally __________an ideal car.
我最后选中了一辆理想的轿车。
settled on
2.Marketing ____________everything these days, and books are no exception.
现在市场营销被应用于任何事物,图书也不例外。
is applied to
3.These shoes seem to be ______________by machines.
这些鞋看上去是用机器大批量生产的。
mass produced
4.He ranges far and wide ______________________for his paintings.
他四处漫步,寻找绘画的灵感。
in search of inspiration
5.____________technology might make Antarctica a lot more accessible three decades
from now.
科技的进步可能会让人们在三十年后更容易到达南极洲。
Advances in
6.Jane and I decided to stay on here as_________________.
简和我决定留在这里做研究助理。
research assistants
7.We will keep this policy under review as we ________________the virus and its
effects.
随着我们对这一病毒和其影响了解得更多,我们将继续审查这一政策。
learn more about
8.There are ___________both approaches.
两种方法都有好处。
benefits to
9.My teacher organized a unit on ________________that really sparked my interest.
我的老师编排了一个关于太空探索的单元,它真正激发了我的兴趣。
space exploration
Ⅳ.语法填空
In 1969, when Neil Armstrong first landed on the Moon, many people thought
that soon we would be 1._________（regular） visiting other planets in our solar
system and would even dare to travel beyond it.
It is in our nature to explore. From the very early days of human life on the
Earth, our curiosity 2.______ the unknown has kept us 3.___________（adventure）
into new places. We long to visit thick and wild forests, climb vast mountain ranges,
and cross deep oceans. We desire to explore 4.____ furthest frontier of all—space. As
Stephen Hawking once said, “Remember to look up at the stars and not down at
regularly
about
adventuring
the
your feet. Try to make sense of 5.______ you see and wonder about what 6._______
（make） the universe exist. Be curious.” That we 7._____________（fascinate） by
the sky is evident in ancient tales from around the world, such as that of Chang'e.
While space 8.___________（explore） is a reality, we remain curious about the
9._________ （mystery） of the universe. With each space mission comes greater
insight, thus motivating us 10.___________（continue） along the same path of
adventure.
what
makes
are fascinated
exploration
mysteries
to continue
1.One of his occupations is fishing，which occupies most of his spare time，and his wife often reminds him to be occupied with his work.
他的业余活动之一是钓鱼，这占用了他大部分的业余时间，他的妻子经常提醒他要专注于他的工作。
2.Because I am Chinese, I wanted the children to keep exposed to the language and culture.
因为我是中国人, 所以我想让孩子们持续接触这种语言和文化。
3.It's vital that food is made available to the famine-hit areas.
把食物送到遭受饥荒的地区是至关重要的。
4.There are certain things that are absolutely basic to the maintenance of a good relationship.
要保持良好的关系, 有些条件是必不可少的。
5.Poland, in view of its geography and history, has always taken its security needs seriously.
鉴于地理和历史原因，波兰一直非常注重自身的安全需求。
美篇导读
《谁动了我的奶酪》是由美国作家斯宾塞·约翰逊创作的一个寓言故事，内容充满了人生中有关变化的寓意深长的真理。这是一个有趣且能启蒙智慧的故事，内容主要是在描绘四个住在“迷宫”里的人物，他们竭尽所能地寻找能滋养他们身心、使他们快乐的“奶酪”。
美篇呈现
Everyone laughed.
“They wanted to sniff out the changes ahead of time① and scurry into action，rather than get hemmed in and be left behind②.”
Nathan said，“That's a good point. No one in our company would want to look like Hem. They might even change. Why didn't you tell us this story at our last reunion？ This could work.”
Michael said，“It does work.”
“It works best，of course，when everyone in your organization knows the story—whether it is in a large corporation，a small business or your family—because an organization can only change when enough people in it change.”
Then he offered one last thought： “When we saw how well it worked for us，we passed the story along to people we wanted to do business with，knowing they were also dealing with change. We suggested we might be their ‘New Cheese’ — that is③，better partners for them to succeed with. It led to new business.”
That gave Jessica several ideas and reminded her that she had some early sales calls in the morning. She looked at her watch and said，“Well，it's time for me to leave this Cheese Station and find some New Cheese.”
The group laughed and began saying their goodbyes. Many of them wanted to continue the conversation but needed to leave. As they left，they thanked Michael again．
He said，“I'm very glad you found the story so useful，and I hope that you will have the opportunity to share it with others soon.”
大家都大笑了起来。
“他们都想提前嗅出变化的味道，并且赶快投入行动，而不再是落在后头哼哼不停。”
内森说：“这是一个好点子。我想我们公司的人都不愿做哼哼，他们甚至可能会（因为这个故事而）改变。上一次聚会时，你为什么没有告诉我们这个故事？要不然，它早就起作用了。”
“它确实有用，”迈克尔说。
“而且非常有用！尤其是当你的机构中的每个人都知道它时——不管是大公司，还是小企业，或者是你的家庭——因为只有当其中的多数人的心态发生改变以后，一个组织才会发生变化。”
最后，迈克尔又给大家介绍了一个经验：“当这个故事对我们的公司起作用以后，我们便把故事告诉给那些我们希望能和他们在生意上有合作的人，因为我们知道他们也正面临变化。我们提议说，也许我们公司就是他们（正在找寻）的‘新奶酪’，也就是说，我们可能就是能让他们的生意更成功的合作伙伴。这方法（的确）为我们带来了许多新的生意。”
这番话使杰西卡受到启发，她想起上午要谈的几笔业务。她（赶紧）看了看时间，说：“喔，时间到了，该是我离开这个奶酪站，去寻找新的奶酪的时候了”。
大家都会心地笑了起来，然后站起身来互相道别。尽管许多人觉得意犹未尽，还想继续聊这个话题，但时间的确已经不早了。分手的时候，他们再一次感谢迈克尔。
迈克尔说：“我非常高兴你们觉得这个故事对你们有用，我也衷心希望你们有机会尽快与别人分享这个故事。”
知识积累
①ahead of time 提前
②leave behind 落后
③that is 也就是说
素养链接
斯宾塞·约翰逊（Spencer Johnson），医学博士，他是全球知名的思想先锋、演说家和畅销书作家。他的许多观点，使成千上万的人发现了生活中的简单真理，使人们的生活更健康、更成功、更轻松。
